Session 1 - Gender Analysis Concepts and Framework

OVERVIEW OF
GENDER ANALYSIS & GA TOOLS
By: Rosena D. Sanchez
Sources and References: Jeanne Illo, Emmeline Verzosa,

Nharleen Santos-Millar, Gichelle Cruz, Atty. Romeo Cabarde Jr.
National GAD Resource Program

Philippine Commission on Women
Session Objectives
1. To enhance the understanding of participants on the

conceptual building blocks, methods and
framework of selected gender analysis tools
2. To enhance their knowledge, appreciation and skills in

applying gender analysis tools in enhancing gender
responsiveness of projects and programs

Outline
I Gender analysis – introduction
II Conceptual building blocks
III Data and materials for gender analysis
IV Levels of gender analysis
V Gender analysis guide questions used in HGDG
pull outs
VI Philippine context
DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES POLICIES, LAWS,
PROJECTS, PROGRAMS
GENDER
CONTEXT
LENS
(Class, age, religion, education, ethnicity,
race , sexual orientation and gender
identity, etc.)
I Gender analysis -
Introduction

WHY GENDER ANALYSIS?
To identify gender issue/s and design
strategies relevant to proposed/existing PPAs.
To ensure that concerns particular to women

are included in the development agenda
To anticipate impacts of policies/programs/

services on both women and men

Gender analysis
Process of asking or investigating key questions of a
planning process that will help in:
• Identifying gaps or differences between women and men,
girls and boys, taking into consideration social diversity
such as age, ethnicity, race, class, education, ability,
SOGIE and other forms of diversity
• Understanding why these gaps exist and persist
• Choosing what actions to take to reduce or eliminate gaps

Poll question: Agree or Disagree
Gender analysis is conducted before,
during and after the development and
implementation of a policy, program or
project.

Gender analysis
• Identifies and considers the differential status, needs, and
capabilities, roles and responsibilities of women and men
as well as their access to and control of resources,
constraints, benefits, capabilities and opportunities
• It involves the collection, analysis, utilization and sharing of

sex disaggregated and gender data and other relevant
information
• It is conducted before, during and after the development

and implementation of PPPAs
Gender Analysis –
refers to the examination of a problem or

situation in order to identify gender issues
within the problem/context of a project,
and the obstacles to the attainment of
gender equality or similar goals.

Gender issues/concerns
are issues, concerns or problems arising

from societal expectations and perceptions
on the roles of women and men that impede
one’s opportunities to participate
in the development process
and enjoy its benefits.

GENDER ISSUE
The gender issue could be client-focused or organization-
focused ;
A client-focused gender issue refers to concerns arising

from the unequal status of women and men stakeholders
of a particular organization including the extent of their
disparity over benefits from and contribution to a
policy/program and/or project .
An organization-focused gender issue points to the gap/s

in the capacity of the organization to integrate a gender
dimension in its programs, systems or structure.
GENDER
BIASES
AGAINST MEN Primary income earner
Inherently aggressive dominant
Less emotional (“boys don’t cry”
Inherently expressive in their sexuality
Brave and strong in all situations
Firm in making decisions, not
changeable minded

But… gender
issues &
biases affect
women more

WOMEN’S
GENDER
ISSUES
NEGATIVE
EFFECTS ON
PERSONHOOD
AGAINST WOMEN
Manifestations of gender
biases
By Karina David

Manifestations of Gender Bias
•Multiple burden - work at home, in the workplace and in the
community, multiple tasking or joint work
•Marginalization - limited opportunities for employment and
career advancement, “last in first out ”
•Stereotyping – sexist childrearing, gendered occupational
segregation and responsibilities
•Subordination - few women in decision-making, less
considered for leadership position
•Violence against women - Physical, verbal,

psychological, economic, sexual, etc. in private and
public spaces including virtual/online
MGB -Negative effects on personhood
Women develop low self-esteem, no self-confidence
No control over their bodies
Women set low expectations of themselves, will not want to

achieve more, will not want to outshine her partner/spouse
Will feel that without a man, she is nothing (pressures for

women to get married, when married – must keep her man at
all costs)
INTERSECTIONALITY refers to the interaction of two or more forms of
discrimination that compound the discrimination against women
Ability
Age
IDPs
Race Refugee
SOGIE Migrant
EEthnicity Language
Culture Trafficked
Homophobia
Indigenous
Religion
Caste

II Conceptual
building blocks

1. GENDER ROLES
Reproductive
Productive
Community managing
Constituency-based politics
Gender roles
a) Reproductive Women Men
Role
Childbearing and daily tasks Childbearing, child No continuous
associated with child rearing, responsibility,
rearing and domestic tasks Other domestic occasional domestic
tasks tasks

Gender roles
b) Productive Women Men
Role
Activities carried - lowest paid jobs, often -majority in formal
out by men and stereotyped occupations economy
women in order to -often in informal economy, -Top management
produce goods and invisible, home based -Primary income earner
services for sale or
exchange in cash or
in kind.

Gender roles
c) Community Women Men
managing role
Voluntary and Barangay health worker Barangay tanod,

unpaid collective Barangay nutrition Ronda, etc.
activities at the scholar
community level Day care work, etc.

Gender roles
d) Constituency Women Men
based politics
role
Participation in Low proportion leaders Tend to dominate
decisionmaking and except in autonomous leadership at all
organizational women’s organization levels (political,
leadership promoting customary economic)
at all levels on behalf concerns of women
of interest based
constituencies

The Public-Private Divide and valuation of
Work
Men’s sphere Women’s sphere
Productive and constituency Reproductive and
based politics roles community managing roles
Production of goods & services Care & maintenance of the household and
community
Decisionmaking in organizations
Mostly done inside the home; private
Mostly done outside the home; public
Not recognized as work, not
Recognized as work, valued, counted counted, , invisible
Often simultaneous tasks

Conceptual building block
2. Access to and control

of resources

ACCESS- The opportunity to use the resource.
CONTROL- Determines the limits or criteria in
the use or ownership of the resource
RESOURCES
Economic
Political
Social
Information/education
Time
Internal
ECONOMIC RESOURCES
•Land
•Credit
•Social security, health • Facilities to carry out
insurance domestic tasks
•Child care facilities • Transport
Hhousing • Equipment
• Training

• Technology and
scientific developments
POLITICAL RESOURCES
• Position of leadership and access to

decision- makers
•Opportunities for communication,
negotiation and consensus building,
agenda setting
•Resources that help vindicate rights,
such as legal resources
SOCIAL RESOURCES
• Community resources
• Social networks
• Membership in social
organization
INFORMATION/ EDUCATION
• Inputs, expertise to be able to make decisions to
modify or change a situation
• Formal education
• Non-formal education
• Opportunities to exchange information and options
TIME
• Hours of the day available to use
as one chooses
INTERNAL RESOURCES
• Self esteem
• Self confidence
• Ability to communiicate or
express one’s own interest
Conceptual building block
3. Gender needs

3. Gender needs
• Practical gender needs (PGN): improvement of
material condition of women and men; does not
challenge unequal structure of gender relations
or division of labor
• Strategic gender needs (SGN): actions and

strategies are required to bring about
structural changes and empowerment of
women
Philippine Commission on Women 33
Gender mainstreaming should meet gender needs
Practical gender needs Strategic gender needs
• Tend to be immediate, short term • Tend to be long term
• Unique to particular women • Common to almost all women
• Relate to to responsibilities and • Relate to disadvantaged position
tasks associated with their • assists women and men to
traditional gender roles change existing gender roles and
• Can be addressed by provision of stereotypes
health services, education, • Can be addressed by
housing, water, electricity, etc. consciousness raising,
organizing, advocacy, etc.
Gender needs
PGNs SGNs
• Tend to involve women as • Enables women to be agents of
beneficiaries development
• Unique to particular women • Common to almost all women
• Can improve women’s living • Can improve the position of
conditions women in society
• Generally does not alter • Can empower women and
traditional roles and transform relationships
relationships
Poll questions:
Choose whether PGN or SGN : identify whether the following
interventions respond to practical gender need (PGN) or strategic
need (SGN)
1. Sometime last year the national government distributed P5,000 to
qualified households as “ayuda” which they spent mostly on food
and other basic needs.
2. In an animal dispersal project, men were taught how to raise cows

and carabaos in their farm while women were taught how to raise
chickens and pigs in their backyard.
3. One LGU has just approved an ordinance which aims to provide

livelihood projects for women, in particular, meat processing,
dressmaking and baking.
Conceptual Building Block
4. Constraints
➢ Individual ‘preferences’ – socialized
roles and expectations
➢ Social norms and conventions
➢ Institutional (legal, market,

faith)
➢ Program/project impositions or
development biases
III Data and
materials for gender
analysis

Data needed
Qualitative
• Narrative administrative repots
• Case studies
• Observation data
• Consultations
• Focus group discussion
• In depth interview
• Workshops (eg, using PLA or
Participatory learning and action,
etc.)
Data needed
Quantitative
• Tabulated data from official statistical data
bases (eg. PSA surveys, etc.)
• Numerical information from administrative
reports (SDD and gender data)
• Numerical data from researches
conducted by academe, NGOs,
donors, etc.
- Local development planning
offices
- Barangay data, health center,
Philippine Commission on Women BHWs
Data needed
•Primary data - Collect data
•Secondary data – Collect
existing data
Do lots of document review, review of related
literature
Work with SCUs, private schools for the
conduct of research using gendered
perspective
Ethics in data collection
• Informed consent of
the research
participants
• Respect
• Anonymity
• Privacy
• Confidentiality
• Do no harm
• Acknowledge sources,
references
Poll questions
Situationer: True or False
1. There are more male TVET graduates in 2020.
2. With regards to Philippine population, there is

slightly more women than men.

IV. Situationer:
Philippine Context

Global Gender Gap Index Report (2021)
Philippines ranked no. 17 out of 156 countries

Second best in Asia Pacific Region

Situationer – Philippine Context
Women Men
Population (projection 2021 ) 49.6 50.4
Life expectancy at birth (projected 77.5 71.3
2020-2025)
Enrollment in Tertiary Education (Feb. 1,870,291 1,538134
22, 2021)
Enrollment in STEAM (Feb. 22, 2021) 612,832 791,569
No. of TVET Graduates (2020) 365,797 349,361

Situationer – Philippines (PSA)
Labor force participation rate
Date Women Men Average
2015 49.4 77.3 63.4
2016 49.4 77.6 63.5

2017 49.3 77.7 63.5
2018 46.2 75.6 60.9
2019 46.6 76.0 61.3
2020 January 48.4 74.8 61.7
2020 October 45.0 72.3 58.7
2021 January 46.9 73.9 60.5
Political Participation (as of 2019)
Position Women Men
Cabinet secretaries 2 (10%) 20
Senate (2019) 7 (29.1%) 17
Congress (2019 ) 68 (28%) 175
Provincial Governor 12 (14.8%) 69
City Mayor 39 (26.9%) 106
Municipal Mayor 376 (25.3%) 1,113
Number of OFWs in the recent years
Year (in Women Men
thousands)
2014 1,170 1,149
2015 1,250 1,197
2016 1,201 1,039
2017 1,255 1,084

Challenges
SOURCE:Subnational Consultations Mindanao & Luzon, March 2019
accelerated conversion of productive agricultural lands into plantations devoted

solely to cash crop production for export (bananas, pineapple, rubber, palm oil)
threaten rural women’s right to land and control over food security.
Rise of conservativism and closing spaces f or freedom of expression, dissent

and organization, attacks on human rights defenders, rising fundamentalism
and right-wing ideology, and regressive economic policies are silencing
women’s voices
gaps in understanding & surfacing the full extent of violence

experienced bywomenin the context of conflict & militarization of
civilian communities
Challenges
SOURCE:Subnational Consultations Mindanao & Luzon, March 2019
Limited appreciation of government line agencies and LGUsof the

constitutional rights of laborers (eg. assembly and organization)
The increase in extra- judicial killings and effeets of Anti Terror Law seem to
endanger the protection of the human and democratic rights of CSOs, people’s
organizations, human rights and development workers,
Competing agenda and priorities among stakeholders, donors,

development partners and duty-bearers impact on resources to
support intersectional, intergenerationalandcross- cutting programs
COVID 19 Data -June 7, 2021(DOH)
• 1,276,004 cases, 52% • Bed occupancy nationwide is
male 49.9%
• 40% from NCR, 17.5% • Cases increasing outside NCR
from CALABARZON • 220 laboratories performing
• 25-35 years (27.5%) tests using
• 21,969 deaths, 58.2% RT-PCR
male, mostly within • 4,632,826 received first dose
60 years + (54.8%) (86.8% of PG A1)

Differential effects of COVID 19 on women and men
• Loss or decrease in income, intensifying poverty and
joblessness , inflation: women bear the brunt more because
they are in charge of household budgeting
• Closure of establishments in wholesale and retail, personal
services, accommodation and hospitality services where
women are dominantly employed
• Women lose jobs at higher rate than men
• Women hired at lower rate than men

Differential effects of COVID 19 on
women and men
• Women less likely hired for leadership roles
• Violence against women and girls continues but access
to reporting and services are more constrained
• 70% of health front liners are women hence more
exposed to risks and discrimination
• More hours of care work for women than men
• Interrupted health services – limited health seeking
• Highest increase in unemployment among seniors,
majority of whom are women

V. Levels of gender analysis

Poll questions
What Gender Analysis tools have you used? Please check all
that applies.
_____1. Harmonized GAD Guidelines (HGDG)
_____2. Gender Equality and Women Empowerment
Framework (GEWEF)
_____3. Harvard Analytical Framework
_____4. Participatory Gender Audit (of International Labor
Organization (PGA-ILO)
_____ 5. Gender Mainstreaming Evaluation Framework
_____ 6. Gender Responsive LGU (GeRL) Assessment Tool
_____7. 24 hour activity profile
Levels of gender analysis
Household and community level Organization or institutional level
• Harvard analytical framework • Gender Mainstreaming
• 24 Hour Activity Profile Evaluation Framework (GMEF)
• GeRL (Gender Responsive LGU)
Program or project level Assessment Tool
• Harmonized GAD Guidelines • ILO PGA (Participatory Gender
(HGDG) Audit)
• Gender Equality and Women
Empowerment Framework
(GEWEF)
Household or Community
Level :
1. Harvard Analytical
Framework
2. 24 Hour Activity Profile

ACTIVITY PROFILE
Who does what?
ACCESS AND CONTROL PROFILE
Who has what? Who

benefits?
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AND
TRENDS
What is the socioeconomic
context?
PROGRAM CYCLE ANALYSIS
What gender needs to be considered
in design and implementation
Activities (Productive Role) Who does the work?
Men Women
NURSERY ESTABLISHMENT
Nursery shed X X X X X X XXX X X X XX

Potting X X X X XXX X X X X X XX
Seed collection X X X X X X XXX X X X XX
Sowing X X X X XXX X X X X XXX
watering X X X X X X X XXX X XXX
SITE PREPARATION
Brushing X X X X X X X XXX X XXX
staking XXXXX X X X X XXXXX
Hole digging X X X X XXXX X X X X XX
Hauling of seedling X X X X X X X X X XXXX X
Planting X X X X XXX X X X X XXX
MAINTENANCE & PROTECTION
weeding X X X X X X X XXX X XXX
fertilizer application X X X X X X X X X XXX XX
Pest & diseases control
X X X X X X X X X XXXX X
Activities (Reproductive Who does the work?
Role)
Men Women
Household tasks
Cleaning X X X X X X X X X XXXXX
Fetching firewood X X X X X X X XXX X XXXXX
Fetching Water X X XXX X X X X X X XXX
Preparing Food X X X X X X X X X XXXXX
Take care of Children X X X X X X X X X XXXXX
Washing Clothes X X X X X X X X X XXXXX
Marketing/groceries XXX X X X X X X XXXXX
• The identification of the activities, and time spent is crucial because it defines men’s and
women’s socio-economic opportunities, constraints and incentives.
• If little or no information is readily available on the gender division of labour within the target
population, it is often useful to draw up an activity profile for men and women.
❖ Productive ❖ Community work

- Production of goods and services - Organization of social events
- Usually with a cash value
- Participation in organization
❖ Reproductive
- Involves considerable volunteer time
- Care and maintenance of the
household/family - Venue for decision-making
- Includes value formation and the ❖ Leisure
transmission of traditions
- Time for oneself
- Crucial to human survival yet often
devalued - Recreation
- Recharges physically, mentally, spiritually

Time Typical Daily Activities of Women and Men in the Farm
Women Men
05:00 Morning Cook
06:00 Prepare breakfast and children to school Fetch water
Clean the house, wash clothes, child care Prepare for farmwork
07:00
08:00
09:00
10:00 Farmwork Farmwork
11:00
12:00 Noon Lunch Lunch
01:00 Afternoon Child care and other household work Nap
02:00 Nap
03:00 Farmwork Farmwork
04:00 Farmwork, fetch water, gather firewood Farmwork, fetch water,
gather firewood
05:00 Prepare dinner
06:00 Rest
07:00
Dinner Dinner
08:00 Child care, Tutor kids Some child care
09:00 Prepare things for the next day
Organizational or Institutional Level
1. Gender Mainstreaming Evaluation

Framework (GMEF)
2. GeRL (Gender Responsive LGU) Assessment

Tool
3. ILO - PGA (Participatory Gender Audit)

GMEF - Levels of Gender
Mainstreaming
Level 5
Replication and
Level Innovation
Level44
Level
Level33 Commitment
Commitment
GAD enhancement
enhancementand and
GAD institutionalization
Application institutionalization
Application
Level
Level22
Installation
Installationofof
strategic
strategicmechanisms
mechanisms
Level
Level11
Foundation
Foundation
Formation
Formation

Gender-Responsive LGU (GeRL)
Assessment Tool
Designed to measure the extent of

gender responsiveness of the LGU as
an organization and in the delivery of
basic services and facilities
Formerly called as the Gender

Responsive LGU (GeRL) Ka Ba? Self
Assessment Tool
of the GeRL Assessment Tool
Gather data Identify the gaps

Monitor and
and and
evaluate
information on corresponding
gender
the level of strategies
responsiveness
GAD towards
of the LGU as
mainstreaming achieving
an organization
efforts and gender-
and in its
practices of responsive local
delivery of
LGUs governance
basic services
and facilities
Participatory Gender Audit (by ILO)

How can PGA be used?
• Monitoring tool: Assessment of the extent to which people and

their organizations use a gender mainstreaming approach to
achieve the gender equality goals of their organization
• Evaluation tool: Combination of external and internal
review and evaluation
• Needs assessment & capacity building tool:
- Group learning
- Creating ownership
- Consensus building
- Establish baseline data
Methods
• Desk review of selected documents:
VMG, Operations Manual,
organizational chart, SDD from HR,
AIP or list and description of
products, services, programs,
projects and its reports, GPB and
AR, etc.
Interviews, focus group discussions
Participatory workshops
Consultations with partner
organizations
Positive outcomes
• Project documents examined through
a “gender filter” – screening project
proposals
• Creating work environment to make
professional and private life more
balanced
• Improvement of sex balance at all levels – particularly at
senior posts
• Resource tracking through separate budget lines
• Improved efforts at gender mainstreaming in technical

cooperation projects
Program or project Level
1. Harmonized GAD Guidelines
(HGDG)
2. Gender Equality and Women

Empowerment Framework
(GEWEF)
GAD design checklists for various sectors/themes:
1. Agriculture and Agrarian Reform 11. Microfinance
2. Natural Resource Management 12. Labor and Employment
3. Infrastructure 13. Child Labor
4. Private Sector Development 14. Migration
5. Social Sector: Education 15. Tourism
6. Social Sector: Health 16. Energy
7. Social Sector: Housing and Settlement 17. Disaster Risk and Reduction and
Management
8. Social Sector: Women in Areas Under 18. Development Planning
Armed Conflict
9. Justice 19. Fisheries
10. Information and Communication 20. Funding Facility
Technologies
11
1. Participation of women and men in 6. Gender analysis of designed project (2
problem identification (2 pts) pts)
2. Generation/use of SDD (2 pts) 7. Gender-sensitive M&E system that
would capture GAD results (2 pts)
3. Gender analysis to identify gender
issues (2 pts) 8. Requirement of sex-disaggregated
database (2 pts)
4. GAD in goals, objectives, outcomes or
outputs (2 pts) 9. Commitment of resources to address
the gender issues (2 pts)
5. Activities match identified gender
issues (2 pts) 10. Congruence of project GAD agenda
with that of agency (2 pts)
GENDER EQUALITY
GENDER EQUALITY
Gender
Equality and WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT
PROTECTION &
Women ECONOMIC
FULFILLMENT OF
EMPOWERMENT
WOMEN’S RIGHTS
Empowerment OF WOMEN
Framework CONTROL
PARTICIPATION
CONSCIENTIZATION
ACCESS
WELFARE

GENDER- RESPONSIVE GOVERNANCE
,
(Government, Civil Society, Private Sector, Academe)
Women’s Empowerment
… is a collective process where
women group themselves to
bring about their own
empowerment. Is is a process of
awareness and capacity building
leading to better participation,
greater decision making power
and control, and to
transformative action.

Levels of empowerment
Welfare: physical condition or practical gender needs of women,

men;
- improvement in the physical condition of women and girls.
Access: resources to support enable them to self-realize their rights

to basic needs of food, shelter, clothing, etc.
- greater access of women to resources, services, and facilities

Levels of empowerment
Conscientization: how females and males are socially constructed; and
challenging the existing gender division of labor
-sensitizing women and men to sexist beliefs
Participation (“voice‟): involvement in consultations and negotiations,

membership in decision-making bodies and leadership in organizations
- making women equal with men - are agents actively involved in the
development process
Control: increased control over the factors of production,

ensuring women’s equal access to resources and the
distribution of benefits.
-balance of power between women and men
Some results of GA
• Gender issues (client and organizational) are identified (use
MGB, GEWEF, gender roles, access to and control of
resources, constraints, benefits, opportunities, capabilities)
• Prioritize gender issues to be addressed (within the mandate)
– integrate results in project design/proposal based on the
elements of HGDG design checklists - for attribution to GAD
budget
• Some gender issues can also be included in the GAD agenda
• Work with others to address gender issues : LGUs, other
agencies, NGO’s, donors, private sector (CSR), etc.
Recommendations on the following:
• how to transform gender division of labor
• how to enhance equal access to resources by women
and contribute to strengthened and sustainable
project results (equity, efficiency)
• how to address women’s PGN and SGN (
• how to maximize opportunities, benefits, capabilities
• how to address constraints

Remember: There is no formula for the best gender
analysis framework BUT there are two non-
negotiable processes!
• Collection and analyzing SDD
• Quantitative and Qualitative data collection and
analysis! – (primary and secondary)
GAD- Sectoral
related Recommend-
and
gender SDD mandates GEWE ations
analysis SDD
and/or and/or and gathered from
tools relevant relevant policies plans and
GAD- consultations
information (internatio
informat
nal, related with women’s
ion groups/
national indicators
and local)
organizations
LinkingGST,GA, GM Annual
and GPB GPB
GM Plan/
Agenda
Gender Validate
Analysis gender/GM
analysis done
GST Reflect issues and
Prioritize issues strategies for a
Set time to particular year in
Review of GM address issues that year’s GPB
progress and
problems Allocating
Building Match issues with resources to
strategies achieve the year’s
Foundational Review of key GAD
issues faced by
concepts F/M (internal Set up targets and
and external tracking progress
National GAD Resource Program stakeholders)
Modified from
Hence, the use of gender analysis should be
intensified to understand better the context
specific ,differential situation of women and men .
Strategies should target women and girls in all

efforts to address the gender-specific
socioeconomic impact on their lives.

Salamat Po!


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OVERVIEW OF

GENDER ANALYSIS & GA TOOLS

By: Rosena D. Sanchez

Sources and References: Jeanne Illo, Emmeline Verzosa,

National GAD Resource Program

1. To enhance the understanding of participants on the

2. To enhance their knowledge, appreciation and skills in

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

To ensure that concerns particular to women

To anticipate impacts of policies/programs/

National GAD Resource Program

• Understanding why these gaps exist and persist

• Choosing what actions to take to reduce or eliminate gaps

National GAD Resource Program

• It involves the collection, analysis, utilization and sharing of

• It is conducted before, during and after the development

refers to the examination of a problem or

National GAD Resource Program

are issues, concerns or problems arising

National GAD Resource Program

A client-focused gender issue refers to concerns arising

An organization-focused gender issue points to the gap/s

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

•Violence against women - Physical, verbal,

No control over their bodies

Women set low expectations of themselves, will not want to

Will feel that without a man, she is nothing (pressures for

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

Voluntary and Barangay health worker Barangay tanod,

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

Often simultaneous tasks

2. Access to and control

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

• Position of leadership and access to

National GAD Resource Program

• Strategic gender needs (SGN): actions and

2. In an animal dispersal project, men were taught how to raise cows

3. One LGU has just approved an ordinance which aims to provide

➢ Institutional (legal, market,

National GAD Resource Program

2. With regards to Philippine population, there is

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

Philippines ranked no. 17 out of 156 countries

National GAD Resource Program

National GAD Resource Program

2016 49.4 77.6 63.5

National GAD Resource Program

accelerated conversion of productive agricultural lands into plantations devoted

Rise of conservativism and closing spaces f or freedom of expression, dissent

gaps in understanding & surfacing the full extent of violence

Limited appreciation of government line agencies and LGUsof the

Competing agenda and priorities among stakeholders, donors,

National GAD Resource Program