‫ﺗﺸﺘﻬﺮ ﺇﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﺎﳌﻴﺎ ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬

‫ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑﻭﻥ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﻫﻮ ﻟﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﺃﻭ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ ٠‬ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻓﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﳌﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻟﻔﺎﺭ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﺼﻔﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﻈﺮﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺻﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﱰﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺇﻃﺎﺭﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﺃﻓﺘﺢ ﺑﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻄﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻺﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻘﺪﺓ ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺼﺮﺍ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻧﺎ‪ .‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﻫﻢ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ) ﻣﺜﻼ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺣﱰﺍﻕ ﴰﻌﺔ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﳌﺼﺒﺎﺡ‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ (‪ .‬ﺇﻥ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻂ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻺﻃﺎﺭ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﺑﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬
‫ﺃﺩﺍﺋﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﳒﺎﺯﻩ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻲ ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻕ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺧﻠﻴﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻀﻤﻦ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﳋﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻕ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻔﺎءﺓ‬
 ‫ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻟﻴﻮﻧﺘﻪ ﻭﻃﺮﺍﻭﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺫﺭﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻕ‪) .‬ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺋﻘﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﲟﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺗﻬﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﺘﺴﺐ ﻗﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍء‬
‫ﻣﻦ ‪ ٩٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﰲ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺨﲔ ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻕ(‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ )ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺏ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻃﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻕ ﳜﺘﻠﻒ ﺣﱴ ﻋﻦ ﺇﻃﺎﺭ ﻋﺮﺑﺔ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬