Learning Area Mathematics Grade Level Six

W3 Quarter Third Quarter Date March 2021

I. LESSON TITLE Algebraic Expression and Equation

II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELCs)
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT
Gives the translation of real-life verbal expressions and equations into letters or
symbols and vice versa. MELC 40
Defines a variable in an algebraic expression and equation MELC 41
Patterns and Algebra
 Translating Real-Life Verbal Expressions and Equations into Letters and
Symbol and Vice Versa
 Identifying variables in an algebraic expression and equation.

Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
A. Introduction If English subject has word phrases and sentences. Mathematics also has
Panimula mathematical phrases and sentences and these are “expression and
equation.” In order for us to understand and solve a math problem you
have to translate verbal phrases to mathematical symbol to form
mathematical phrases. Mathematical phrase consists of letters and
operational symbols like +, -, ( ) or x , ÷ or / also called as “expression” and
equation is a statement consisting of equal symbol between two
expressions that have the same value. There is/are corresponding word(s)
for these symbols. Aside from operational symbols, it also includes variables
and numbers.

Math word problems cannot be solved unless you translate it into symbols.
Consider this problem 1:

Imagine a fare for the first 4 km is Php 8.00 and an additional of Php 1.00 for
every kilometer. Richie will go to Laguna from Rizal and the distance from
Rizal to Laguna is 99 km. How much does she need to pay?
99 km

4km
Rizal Laguna

P8.00 An additional P1.00 for every kilometer

If the first 4km is P8.00, we need to find the amount of fare for the remaining
distance to get the amount which Richie needs to pay. The remaining
distance is 95 km. Let y = the fixed amount of P1.00 for every kilometer. To
find the total amount of fare, we will use the expression 95y + 8

If we are to solve the problem:

Evaluate 95y + 8 = 95 (1) + 8 = 103
Therefore, Richie needs to pay P103.00

Problem 2:
Maria and her family donated face masks and face shields in a certain
school. They donated a total of 2400 packs containing face masks and face
shields. If the number of face mask is twice the number of face shields. How
many face mask did they donate?

Let x be the number of face shield

2x be the number of face mask
2400 is the total number.

So, the equation for this problem is:

X + 2x = 2400
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
Translating Word Phrases into Algebraic Expressions

“Algebraic expression” is a mathematical phrase consisting of letters,

numbers and operation symbols. To translate word phrases into Algebraic
expressions, the important thing to do is to familiarize the words and phrases
associated with symbols or
operations.

Mathematical Symbols Words/Phrases

Operations
Addition + increased by, more
than, the sum of, plus,
added to, the total of,
Subtraction - minus, less, less than,
the difference of,
decreased by,
diminished by,
subtracted from,
taken away from
Multiplication x times, of, the product
of, twice, multiplied
by,
Division ÷ divided by, the
quotient of, the ratio
of
Equal = is, equals, is the same
as, is equal to

In the following table, study how the different word phrases can be
translated or written as algebraic expressions.
Word Phrases Algebraic Expression
x plus 4
The sum of x and 4
X added to 4 x+ 3
X increased by 4
4 more than x
y minus 9
The difference of y and 9
y decreased by 9
y diminished by 9
9 less than y y-9
y less 9
9 subtracted from y
y subtracted by 9
2 times m
twice of m
m multiplied by 2 2m
the double of m
the product of 2 and m
n divided by 6
one-sixth of n 𝑛
the quotient of n and 6 6
the ratio of n and 6

Example 1: Translate to algebraic expression: Six more than twice a number.

Let a = the number
Six more than twice a number

6 + 2a
Therefore the algebraic expression is 6+ 2a
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe

Example 2: A number decreased by five is 11 . Let n be the number. We

have:

n - 5 = 11
The algebraic equation is n – 5 = 11

Example 3: The quotient of fifteen and five subtracted from the product of
fifteen and five

The algebraic expression is (15 x 5) – (15÷5)

Example 4: The sum of a number and four divided by two.

+ n 4 ÷ 2
𝑛+4
Algebraic expression (n + 4) ÷ 2 or
2

If you have internet connection, you can watch a video lesson about
translating verbal phrases into mathematical symbols through this link
https://youtu.be/yCU2-3_x4C0
B. Development
Pagpapaunlad The symbol/letter in an expression that represents one or more numbers is
called variable. Any specific number in an expression is called constant. A
constant is any symbol that does not change in value.

A term is a number or variable, or a product or quotient of a number and

variables raised to a specified power. The terms are separated by plus (+) or
minus (-) sign. It is not necessary to write the + sign at the beginning of a
term. The number beside a variable is called numerical coefficient.

2x + 6
Coefficient Constant
Variable

In this expression:
X is a variable which represents the unknown value.
2 is the numerical coefficient of x
6 is the constant value term which has definite value.
2x + 6 has two terms these are 2x and 6

Example 1: Four times a number increased by five.

4y + 5 in this example
y is the variable
4 is the numerical coefficient of y
5 is the constant
It has two terms (3y and 5)

Example 2: Fifteen subtracted from thrice a number.

The expression is 3x - 15
x is the variable
3 is the numerical coefficient of x
-15 is the constant
It has two terms (3x and -15)

Example 3: Thirty added to the product of six and four.

The expression is 30 + 6 x 4
There are no variable and numerical coefficients in this example. The
numbers 30, 6 and 4 are the constants and it has two terms (30, 6x4)
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
Learning Task 1: I. Translate each of the following into algebraic expressions.

________1. One- half x minus 12

________2. X diminished by thrice y
________3. Twice the sum of x and y
________4. The sum of thrice x and y
________5. 4 times x decreased by 5

II. Copy the expressions below on a sheet of paper. Encircle the variable/s
and box the constant term in each expression.
1. 2x + 10
2. y – 6
3. 3z + 2
4. 4x – 2y + 5
5. 6 (x + 4)
C. Engagement Learning Task 2: If a represents Arkin’s present age, how would you express
Pakikipagpalihan each of the following in terms of variable a?
1. Arkin’s age 5 years ago
2. Thrice Arkin’s age
3. His age after 4 years
4. Two-thirds his present age
5. Twice his age after 3 years.

D. Assimilation Learning Task 3: Translate each problem into a mathematical equation.

Paglalapat 1. The price of 32’’ LED television is P15,500 less than twice the price of
the old model. If it cost P29, 078.00 to buy a new 32’’ LED television.
What is the price of the old model?

2. The perimeter of the rectangle is 96 when the length of a rectangle

is twice the width. What are the dimensions of the rectangle?
V. ASSESSMENT Learning Task 4: Copy the table below on a sheet of paper, then translate
(Learning Activity Sheets for the following word phrase to algebraic expression and identify the variables
Enrichment, Remediation or
Assessment to be given on Weeks
and constant terms used in the following Algebraic expressions.
3 and 6)
Word Phrase Variable Constant Coefficient Algebraic
Expression
1. Twice a
number added
to seven
2. 3 less than x
3. thrice y minus
seven
4. three times a
number plus
sixteen
5.nine
subtracted from
twice a number
VI. REFLECTION  The learner communicates the explanation of their personal
assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card.
 The learner, in their notebook, will write their personal insights about
the lesson using the prompts below.
I understand that ___________________.
I realize that ________________________.
I need to learn more about __________.
Prepared by: Checked by:
Kathleen B. Hernandez Mirza J. Linga