Yishun Innova Junior College Mathematics Department

2019 JC 2 Mathematics H2 9758

Prelim Examination P1
Solutions

Qn Solution Remarks
1(i)
sin 2x sin cos 2 x cos sin 2 x * You cannot substitute 2x
4 4 4 4
into the standard expansion
1 formula directly.
(cos 2 x sin 2 x)
2 In general, we can apply the
2 3
standard expansions when x is
1 2x 2x replaced by g(x), provided g(0) =
1 ... 2x ...
2 2 3! 0. For instance, g( x) x x2 .

1 4 x3
1 2 x 2 x2 ...
2 3
Alternative Method

Let y = sin 2x Be careful with the signs when you

4 doing the higher derivatives.
dy
= 2 cos 2x
dx 4
d2 y
= 4sin 2x
dx 2 4
d3 y
= 8cos 2x
dx 3 4
1 dy d2 y d3 y
When x = 0, y = , = 2, = 2 2 , =4 2
2 dx dx 2 dx 3
1 2 2 2 4 2 3
sin 2x 2x x + x +
4 2 2 3!
1 2 2 3
= 2x 2x 2 + x +
2 3
1 2 4 x3
1 2x 2x ...
2 3
 (ii) b
1 Note that power is 1 , not a
1 1
(a bx) a 1 x positive integer so we need to use
a
the series expansion of (1 x)n
2
1 b ( 1)( 2) b found in MF26
a 1 ( 1) x x ...
a 2 a Don fo ge o appl he po e
2 1 to a after factorize a out.
1 b b
1 x x 2 ...
a a a
b
a 2 and 2 b 2 2
a Third non-zero term and the
coefficient of third non-zero term
are different.
Third non-zero term:
2
1 b 1 2 4 2
x2 2 x2 x 2 2x2
a a 2 2
2(a) a b a b There are two forms of vector
product: dot (scalar) and cross
2 2
a b a b (product). Hence expressions such
2
as a will not make sense, as it
a b a b a b a b will be ambiguous whether it
2 2 2 2 means a a or a a . However
a 2a b b a 2a b b 2
a is meaningful as a means
4a b 0
the length of a vector, so it is a
ab 0 number.
Hence a and b are perpendicular. Next, as a b is the length of
the vector a b , so
a b a b , and therefore
Alternative Method: a b
2
a
2
2a b
2
b .
It is wrong to say that
Since a b a b , the diagonals of the parallelogram (with
a b a b implies
sides a and b ) are equal in length and thus the parallelogram
a b a b or
must be a rectangle. Therefore, a and b are perpendicular.
a b a b .
Take for example the vectors i
and j , they are obviously pointing
in different directions, so neither
i j nor i j , but i j 1.
(b) Read carefully: P lies on OC
OP c produced. So P does not lie in
between O and C.

2 OP 3 OD 2 c 3d Ratio theorem is a very useful and

OM
5 5
quick way to get OM .
c c is a vector product, so the
1 result should be a vector.
Area of triangle OPM OP OM
2 So c c 0 , it should be 0 , the
zero vector.
1 2 c 3d Because of the definition of vector
c 2
2 5 product, c c c , and
1 2 c 3d c d d c.
c c
2 5 5
1 3d 3
c c d
2 5 10
3(i)
y
-label all vertices and end points

-Quadratic curve shape (part) for

(4a, 4a2) (8a, 4a2) 0 x 2a and straight line

(0, 4a2) segment for 2a x 4a

( 3a, a2)

O x
( 2a, 0) (2a, 0) (6a, 0)

(ii) 8a 2a 1 To draw graph of f(|x|), keep RHS

f | x | dx 3 (x 2a) 2 dx 2 (2a)(4a 2 ) and reflect in the y-axis.
2a 0 2
2a
1 Note that ( x 2a ) 2 is only
3 ( x 2a )3 8a 3
3 0 defined for 0 x 2a while
8a 3
8a 3 2ax 4a 2 is only defined for
16a 3 2a x 4a . It is wrong to take
6a
for instance: (x 2a) 2 dx as
4a
the area of the region from
4a x 6a .
4(i) 1 8
Substitute x t 2 , y into y ,
t x
1 8
Substitute the parametric equation
t t2 of C into the Cartesian equation
3
t2 8 Avoid changing the parametric
equation to Cartesian form
t 4
When t 4,
x 42 16
1 1
y
4 2

1
Coordinates of A is 16, .
2
(ii) dx dy 1 32 Take note that we are finding the
2t , t gradient of tangent
dt dt 2 dy dy dx
dy 1 32 1 1 52 dx dt dt
t t
dx 2 2t 4
Equation of tangent at point P on curve C , Write down as header what you are
5 trying to find, for example
1 1
y p 2
x p2 equation of tangent at point P.
p 4 When t=p,
At D , y 0 Gradient of tangent at point P is
5 5
5 1 1
1 1 2 2 p 2
instead of t 2
0 p 2
x p x 5p 4 4
p 4
At E , x 0
5 1
1 1 5
y p 2
0 p2 y p 2
Find the midpoint F which follows
p 4 4 the formula
5 1 x1 x2 y1 y2
p 2 ,
5 p2 4 5p 5 2
2 2
Coordinates of F : , ,
2 2 2 8 p
5 p2
From F, let x ,
5 5 5 p2 2
y p , substitute into x 5
8 p 8y 2 y which is in the
8 p
4
5 5 3125 parametric form. Convert to
x Cartesian form so that we can trace
2 8y 8192 y 4 how the path that point F moves as
3125 p varies.
Cartesian equation of the curve traced by F is x .
8192 y 4
5(i) 2 xy 1 y
2
x
Differentiating wrt x,
dy dy
2 y 2x 21 y 1
dx dx
dy 1 2y
dx 2 x y 1
Do not conf e angen i pa allel
dy to y-a i , i h x-axis:
When the tangent is parallel to the y -axis, is undefined. dy
dx pa allel i h y-a i : is
dx
2 x y 1 0 undefined.
y 1 x , substitute this into the equation of the curve, dy
pa allel i h x-a i : 0.
2 dx
2x 1 x 1 1 x x
x 2 3x 0 Vertical lines in the Cartesian grid
are of he fo m x= . in ead of
x 0 or x 3 y=

(ii) 1
Gradient of normal at A 4
1 2(0)
21 0 1
Equation of normal at A : y 0 4 x 1
At B, x 0 y 4 Coordinates of B are 0, 4
1
Area of triangle OAB 4 1 2 units 2
2

6(a)(i) Sn an3 bn2 cn d Don a me ha eq ence i an

AP/GP. I nei he .
3 2
S1 a 1 b 1 c(1) d 2 I poin le oj ie
S5 T1 T2 ... T5
a b c d 2 ---- (1)
The sum is polynomial in n i.e.
dependent on n and generally
3 2
S2 a 2 b 2 c(2) d 6 includes a constant term.

8a 4b 2c d 6 ----(2) Read q e ion ca ef ll . 4 i no

S2 .
3 2
S5 a 5 b 5 c(5) d 90
125a 25b 5c d 90 ----(3)
 3 2
S10 a 10 b 10 c(10) d 830
1000a 100b 10c d 830 ----(4)

Using GC: a 1, b 2, c 3, d 0
3 2
Sn n 2n 3n, n 1, n

(ii) 54th term of the sequence

u54 S54 S53
(54)3 2(54) 2 3(54) (53)3 2(53) 2 3(53)
8376

(b)(i) Given that cos(2n 1) cos(2n 1) 2sin sin 2n U e ha a gi en. Don a e

ime o de i e i hen i al ead
cos 2n 1 cos 2n 1
sin 2n given.
2sin Note that 2sin (independent of
N N
cos 2n 1 cos 2n 1 n) is a constant in this case
sin 2n =
n 1 n 1 2sin Remember to cancel sufficient
cos cos 3 number of rows at the beginning
and at the end.
cos 3 cos 5
1 cos 5 cos 7
2sin
cos(2 N 3) cos(2 N 1)
cos(2 N 1) cos(2 N 1)
cos cos 2 N 1
------(*)
2sin
cos cos 2 N 1
2sin 2sin
cot cosec cos 2 N 1
(shown)
2 2
(ii) N
2n No e ha i he le e N that tends
Let , sin to infinity and not the letter n.
3 n 1 3
cot cos ec cos 2 N 1
3 3 3
2 2
1
As N , cos(2 N 1) takes values or 1. OR cannot
3 2
converge to a constant number.
2n
sin does not converge.
n 1 3
7(a)(i) 1 Use integration by parts directly.
cos(ln x) dx x cos(ln x) x sin(ln x) dx cos(ln x) is a composite
x
function. It is not a product of
x cos(ln x) sin(ln x) dx (cos x)(ln x) .
1 dv
x cos(ln x) x sin(ln x) x cos(ln x) dx Let u = cos(ln x) and 1
x dx
apply integration by parts
x cos(ln x) x sin(ln x) cos(ln x) dx du
uv v dx twice
dx
Bring cos(ln x) dx to the
2 cos(ln x)) dx x cos(ln x) x sin(ln x)
LHS to stop the loop.
1 Put + C in the final step
cos(ln x) dx x cos(ln x) sin(ln x) C
2
(ii) Read question carefully. Integrate
e2 e2
1
Area = cos(ln x)) dx x cos(ln x) x sin(ln x) from e 2 to e 2 .
e 2 2 e 2 Use (i) answer.
F(Upper limit) F(lower limit)
1 2
e cos ln e 2 sin ln e 2
2 Note that ln e 2 ,
2
1
e 2
cos ln e 2
sin ln e 2 sin 1
2 2

1 2 1
e cos sin e 2
cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 2
e e 2
2
(b) du 1
Using u cot x , cosec 2 x Differentiate the given
dx sin 2 x substitution.
1 Memorise the differentiation of the
...du ... dx 6 trigo functions. Only
sin 2 x differentiation of sec x and cosec x
1 formula are in MF26
When x u 3
6 tan x du
Find and hence dx = ..
2 1 dx
When x u
3 3 Need to change limit to u value.
Write down the expression of the
volume first. Then do substitution.
x2
V y 2 dx
x1
 2 1
1 2
3 2 3
cot x
e 2 3 ecot x Change to eu du
Required volume is dx dx 3
sin x sin 2 x
6 Integrate e w.r.t u is eu
u

6
2
3 1
ecot x dx
sin 2 x
6
1
3
3
eu du or eu du
1
3
3
1
3
e e 3

8(i) x x2 1 3 Be careful in your algebraic

y ( x 1) manipulation when trying to
x 2 x 2
express y x x 1 in the form
2

1 x x 2
y
3 x 3 y
A
B( x 1).
1 1 x 2
= x Note that you are required to
x 3 3 describe the sequence of
1) A scaling parallel to the y-axis by a factor of 3. transformations that will transform
2) A translation of 1 unit in the negative x-direction. the curve with equation
1 x
y to
3 x 3
x x2 1 3
y ( x 1),
x 2 x 2
NOT the reverse.
It is INCORRECT to use the
word hif to describe
translation and the word
fli / o a e to describe reflection.
One of the transformations
involved is scaling parallel to the
y-axis with a factor of 3, it is
NOT with a factor of -3 or 3
units.
(ii) Note that the curve y x x2 1
x 2
y has asymptotes y x 1 and x 2.
You are expected to draw properly
and clearly, including the behaviour
of the curve y x x 1 near its
2

(0, 1) x 2
asymptotes. Note that the oblique
asymptote y x 1 meets the
(0, 0.5)
x-axis and y-axis at
O x 1, 0 and 0, 1 respectively and
(- 0.5, 0)
the curve cuts the y-axis at the point
1 which is NOT the minimum
0,
2
point.
You are expected to get the correct
shape of the graph from your GC.
You are required to state the
coordinates of the points where
x =2 the curves cross the axes. For the
modulus graph y 2 x 1 , the
coordinates are 1
, 0 and 0,1 .
2
It has a line of symmetry x 1
.
2
You should have the sense of the
relative positions for the points of
intersection with the axes when
sketching the two graphs,
including the asymptotes on the
same axes.

x x2 1 The q e ion a e ha Hence,

2x 1 find the exact range of .. , o
x 2 you are required to use graphical
From GC, the first point of intersection has x-coordinate 1 . method.

x x2 1
2x 1
x 2
x x 2 1 (2 x 1)( x 2)
3x 2 4 x 1 0
4 16 4(3)( 1)
x
2(3)
2 7
x
3
 Thus, the range of values of x is
2 7 2 7
x 1, x or x 2
3 3

9(a)(i) y
y=f-1(x)
Must sketch the graph of f for the
given domain only ( x 0 ) with
the asymptotes.
y=k Never use a particular line to
explain one-one function and you
must state the range of k. Note the
2 possible explanations.
y =2 y=f(x)
If you use any line

O x y k, k , then the line cuts

x =2
the graph of f at most once.

If you use any line

Since any horizontal line y k , k intersects the graph of f
y k, k R f , then the line cuts
at most once, f is one-one and it has an inverse.
the graph of f exactly once.

It is important to mention that f is

one-one and not just f has an
inverse.

(ii) 3 To find the rule of f 1 :

Let y 2
x Let y = f (x) and then make x the
3 subject
y 2
x
3
x
y 2
3
f -1 x
x 2
Df 1 Rf 2,
(iii) See diagram in (i) Must use the same scale for both
axes when sketching the graphs of
f and f-1 on the same diagram.

The graph of f-1 is a reflection of

the graph of f in the line y=x
 The graph of f-1f is not simply the
line y = x. Must sketch for the
correct domain and passing
through (2, 2).

The graphs of f, f-1 and f-1f must

intersect at the same point.
(iv) Df 0, and Rf 2, It is not sufficient to state
Rf Df .
Since Rf Df , f 2 exists.
Df 0, , Rf 2,
2
f x f f x must be stated to justify the subset.
3
2
3
2
x
3x
2
2x 3
2 2 x 3 3x
2x 3
7x 6
2x 3

(b) 3 x This question required an algebraic

Given h x approach so the GC cannot be used
x2 1
to obtain the graph. It is very
tedious to sketch the graph without
To find the range of g, the graph must intersect the horizontal
using a GC as the stationary points
line y = k, therefore, D 0 would have to be found by
differentiation. Students would
3 x also need to show the nature of the
Let k
x2 1 stationary points before they can
kx 2 k 3 x sketch the graph on their own.
Moreover, it would take some time
kx 2 x (k 3) 0 to find the exact y coordinates of
the stationary points in order to
(1) 2 4k (k 3) 0 obtain the range of h. Thus,
students are strongly encouraged to
1 12k 4k 2 0 use the discriminant instead (see
2 solution)
4k 12k 1 0
2 12 122 4(4)(1)
Consider 4k 12k 1 0, k
2(4)
12 128
8
3 2 2 3
2
2 2
 4k 2 12k 1 0 + −
3 3
k 2 OR k 2
2 2 3
2
2

3 3
Hence, the range of h is , 2 2,
2 2

10(i) C
Concentration of the brine entering the tank is kg/L
1000
x
Solution leaving the tank is kg/L.
2000
5C C
The rate at which salt enters the tank is kg/min
1000 200
5x x
The rate at which leaves the tank is kg/min.
2000 400
dx
inflow rate outflow rate
dt

dx C x 1
(2C x) (Shown)
dt 200 400 400
dx
When 0 , x 120 kg and 2C 120 0 C 60 kg
dt
(ii) 1 1
dx dt
120 x 400

1 Remember to include a negative

ln 120 x t B where B const sign and modulus sign after
400
1
integrating .
120 x
1
t
120 x Ae 400
where A const

When t 0, x 20 kg, Ae0 A 120 20 100

1
t
120 x 100e 400

1
t
x 20 6 5e 400
(iii)

Using GC, t 204.33 204 min.

(iv) It is assumed that there is no evaporation in the system so that
the concentrations of the solution remain as stated/unaffected.
AP : first term = 1000, common difference = 250 It is an AP with first term 1000 and
11(i) common difference 250.
7500 1000 250( N 1) uN 7500 . Solve for N.
N 27
(ii) Total number of power banks produced in 60 weeks For 1st to 27th week, it is an AP
= S27 33(7500) with first term 1000 and common
difference 250.
27 For 28th to 60th week, the
= 1000 7500 33(7500) production is at 7500 per week, so
2
=362250 (60 27) 7500 .
(iii) Number of power banks on demand on week 1= 50 For 2nd week, the demand is
Number of power banks on demand on week 2 a b(50) a 50b
= a+50b For 3rd week, demand is
Number of power banks on demand on week 3 a b(demand of 2nd week)
= a b(a 50b) = a ba 50b 2 a b(a 50b)

(iv) Number of power banks on demand on week 4 Continue working out for week 4
and deduce the demand of the nth
= a b(a ba 50b2 )
week.
= a ba b2 a 50b3 Note that the last term of the
Number of power banks on demand on week n n 2
expression is b a for the GP.
= a ba b2 a b3a ... b n 2 a 50b n 1 The first part of the expression is a
summation of GP with first term a,
a(b n 1 1) common ratio b and number of
= 50b n 1
b 1 terms n 1 , which can be written
a (b n 1 1)
as .
b 1
(v) Total number of power banks produced in 60 weeks Remember to take summation of
60 the terms from the 1st to 60th week.
= 2(1000) 59 L The total demand can be found
2 using GC (MATH, 0: Summation).
= 30(2000+59L)
Total number of power banks on demand in 60 weeks For total demand to be met, total
production total demand for the
60
300(1 1.05r 1 ) 60
first 60 weeks, solve for L.
= 1.05r 1 (50)
r 1 1 1.05 r 1

= 1779181.493
For 30 2000 59L 1779181.493
L 971.29
Least L = 972