‫مضادات االلتهاب‬

‫أنواعها ودواعى االستعمال‬

‫‪• Anti-inflammatory drugs‬‬
‫‪• Types and uses‬‬
‫أ‪.‬د حامد عطيه •‬
‫استاذ بكلية الطب البيطرى‪-‬جامعة الزقازيق ‪-‬مصر •‬
 Main Problems in Farm
Animals
• 1- Acute Pneumonia
• 2-Acute enteritis .
• 3-Acute mastitis
• 4-Endometritis
• 5-Claw affections
• 6-Arthritis and Rheumatic pain.
• NB:
• 90 % of problems are inflammatory
 Inflammation

• It the reaction of the living tissue to

injury .
• It is the first line of def.mechanism
• It is usually ending by healing.
• It may become more harmful as in
case of peracute mastitis and
rheumatic diseases.
 Causes of Inflammation
Pathogenic Microorganisms: It may
be due bacteria, virus or parasites .
Mechanical and thermal
injuries:Excessive cold and trauma.
Chemical poisons:Such as ,acid or
alkalis.
Immune reaction: Urticaria, eczema
and photosensitization.
 Stages of Inflammation
• 1-Phase 1 (Histamine release)
It increases vascular permeability
It leads to migration of leukocytes and produce pain.
2- Phase 2 (Prostaglandin’s release)
 It increases vascular permeability
 Induce emigration of leukocytes
 Produce Pain+ Hotness+ Swelling.

 3- Phase 3 (Lose of function)

 1-Depression 2-Fever 3-Loss of appetite.
 Anti-inflammatory Drugs

• These are agents which reduce the effect of

substance released at the site of
inflammation such as:
• Prostaglandin
• Bradykinine
• Histamine
 Types of Anti-inflammatory Drugs

– 1-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

• Inhibit secretion of cyclo-oxygenase

and phospholipase enzymes so they
prevent secretion of prostaglandin and
leukocytes so they have an immune-
suppressive effect.
 Types of Anti-inflammatory Drugs

– 1-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

• Examples
• 1-Dexa-methasone 2- Beta-methasone
• 3-Methyl Prednisolone.
• 4-Dexatimanol. 5 - Predef 2X
 Therapeutic Uses
• 1-Allergic skin diseases as eczema and dermatitis.
• 2- Allergic ophthalmic diseases such as
congunctivitis
• 3-Arthritis (injected intra-synovial or peri-ticular.)
• 4-Induction of parturition
• 5-Post parturient ketosis in cows and pregnancy
toxemia in sheep
• 6- Inflammation of skin, eyes or joints.
 Side effects of Steroidal Ant.Inf..

• 1-Efects on carbohydrate metabolism:

• A-Induce hyperglcemia and glucosuria.
• B-Decrease glucose utilization in tissues.
• 2-Effects on mineral metabolism:
• A-Loss of K+ , Ca++ and phosphorus.
• B- Retention of Na+ leading to Water retention and
edema .
2-Effects on protein metabolism

• It reduces amino acids available for

protein synthesis resulting in
reducing antibody production
(Immune-suppression).
 Other side effects
• *- Retardation of wound healing.
• *-Osteoporosis and fractures of
bones.
• *-Weakening of skeletal muscles.
 Contraindication
• 1-pregnant animals.
• 2-Eye infections with corneal ulcer.
• 3-Without antibiotics in infections.
• 4-With vaccination procedures due to
immune body depression.
 2-Non steroidal anti-
inflammatory Drugs
– They exert their effects through
inhibition of prostaglandin by
inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase enzyme
that catalyze the conversion of
arachidonic acid to prostaglandin
 Examples of NSAIDS

• 1- Declopheac Sodium
• Decloflam 2.5%
• Diclophenyl 2.5%
• Diaphlam 2.5%(Pharma sweed)
• Decloprema 5%
• Vetrofene 5%
 Examples of NSAIDS

• 2-Finadine
• (Flunexine Meglomine)
•
 Examples of NSAIDS

• 3-Phenyl butazon
• 1-Buta-fenil 3-Phenloject

• 2-Butasyle 4-Arthiridine
 Examples of NSAIDS

• 4-Metakam(IFT)
• Tolfen (Inter cova)
• Carprofen (ADWIA) Long acting)
 Pharmacological advantages
• 1-Anti-inflammatory
• 2-Antipyretic
• 3-Analgesic
• 4-Anti-rheumatic
• 5- Anti-endotoxic
• 5-Reduce edema and joint effusion
in inflammation.
 Side Effects of Non Steroidals
• By Long time use (More than 10 days)

• Gastric ulcers and gastritis

 1-Pneumonia
• Clinical Signs:
• 1-Fever
• 2-Shallow rapid Respiration
• 3-Cough
• 4-Pain in inter-costal muscles
• 5-Toxemia.
Calf showing
difficulty in
respiration

Anorexia
dullness
Viral pneumonia.
(Interstitial pneumonia)
Bacterial pneumonia.
Pasteurellosis (shipping fever):
Cause P.hemolytica
P.multocida.

Bronchopneumonia
Lung showing inter
lobular septa.
 Main Lines of Treatment of
Pneumonia:
• 1-Antibiotic
• 2- Non Steroidal anti-inflammatory
• 3-Vitamin A and C
• 4-Mucolytic
 2-Acute enteritis

• Main Clinical Signs:

• 1-Increase Peristaltic movement.
• 2-Sever watery diarrhea.
• 3-Fever.
• 4-Loss of appetite.
• 5- Dehydration.
Clinical signs of diarrhea
Calves are weak ,depressed ,anorexic
Affected animals either recovered or die
After five days.
 Line of Treatment of Infectious
Diarrhea

• 1- Anti-acid ( systemic-Isotonic Na
Bicarbonate 1.3%).
• 2- Fluid therapy.
• 3-Anti-inflammatory
• 4-Antibiotic (orally and systemic)
• 5-Intestinal astringent and coating
 3-Mastitis

• Main Causes:
• 1-E Coli (Coliform Masitis)
• 2-Staphe aurius
• 3-Strept Agalactica
 3-Acute Coliform Mastitis

• Main Clinical Signs:

• 1-Fever.
• 2-Pain and swelling in the udder.
• 3-Toxemia.
• 4-Changes in milk secretion
• 5-Loss of appetite.
 Main Lines of Treatment of
Acute Mastitis:
• 1-Fluid therapy
• 2-Anti-inflammatory
• 3-Antibiotic(Local+Systemic)
• 4-Antihistaminic
• 5-Vitamin A &C injection