Assignment on

Indian Society and Culture

Slums, Informal Sector And

Child Labour

Submitted to: Dr. Smita Mishra Panda

Submitted by: Er. Saswat Kumar Panda

Reg. No. – 200402120002

MBA DA
 SLUMS, INFORMAL SECTOR AND CHILD LABOUR

SLUMS –

Economies of slum although supports our day to day product, service,

and livelihood needs, still around 830 million people live in slums in developing
countries like India. These economies make important role to a broader urban
economy, which represents a large portion of the informal labor sector, which
provides urban services and production of goods for local and export market. These
economies still show us about the urban poverty in those developing countries where
it persists.

INFORMAL SECTOR-

The informal economy is defined by the following criteria.

- No tax payments by any workers.

- There are very few employees work together.
- Such activity is set up by a family & only family members work within the activity.
- Such production is very labour intensive and very capital extensive.
- No or little access to credits or other supporting programmes.
- No formal schooling system.
- Work is divided into a very low degree.
- Simple and technologically old means of production used.
- Working hours are not proper, agreements are made orally and payments are on a
daily basis.
- No social securities.
- Intensity of work is very high, and the very low productivity.
- The quality of the products is poor.

CHILD LABOUR-

For the last few years, the exact definition of child labour and child
work and the contribution of children's work in the informal economy has been seen
many debates. Who are arguing for the narrow definition are motivated by the desire
to reduce the size of this problem and to make it more manageable. But such
conceptual thoughts only flies in the face of common sense and the results in making
the work of millions of children is invisible to the public policy & public action. We
now have the argument that, distinction at the basic level between child labour and
child work must have to be flawed. It concludes that in present situation, such
distinctions be abandoned through many levels of theory and practice.
CASE STUDY OF A CHILD LABOUR

A small kid named Rajesh Sethi or Raju was involved in carrying the
tea cups in a tea-shop situated in the market nearby our residence. His family has a
widowed mother who has no work to do due to pandemic. Her health condition is also
very poor. Thus, Raju got involved in child work even if he’s just 12 years old. On my
conversation with him, I find out he is only getting 1,000 rupees per month for
working full time in the shop. He has no medical facilities and deprived of all
government policies made for such poor class as he does not have any idea about
them.

Thus, being a management student I talked to his shop owner by the

help of Phoenix NGO and convinced him that child labour is a crime and can put him
behind the bars. Then we approached Raju’s mother and make her aware about the
help and stipend provision they can get by making all sort of arrangements. Now, with
the help of us Raju is happily doing online class and his family is no longer staying
hungry for which Raju has to sell teas with is soft hands.