TRAINING MANUAL FOR GEOLOGICAL EMPLOYEE/ RECRUITS

1 Rig operator/driller

1.1 training plan

1.2 main works

1.3 Assessment Methods

1.4 Rewards and Punishments System

2 Recorder

2.1 training plan

2.2 main works

2.3 Assessment Methods

2.4 Rewards and Punishments System

3 Laboratory Tester

3.1 training plan

3.2 main works

3.3 Assessment Methods

3.4 Rewards and Punishments System

 COURSE OUTLINE/TRAINING PLAN FOR RIG OPERATOR/ DRILLING
1 INTRODUCTION TO DRILLING
2 SAFETY ON JOB
3 INTRODUCTION TO DRILLING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
3.1 SELECTION OF DRILLING BIT AND METHODS
3.2 ROTARY DRILLING BIT
3.3 DTH AND DTH DRILLING BIT
3.4 RIG ACCESSORY
3.5 CASING TOOLS
3.6 DRILLING CALCULATION
3.7 WEIGHT OF DRILLING TOOLS
3.7 ROTARY BIT ROTATION SPEED AND WEIGHT ON BIT
3.8 DTH ROTATION SPEED AND WEIGHT ON BIT
4.0 DRILLING CONTROL
4.1 MUD CONTROL AND MUD PUMP OPERATION
4.2 CASING FOR MUD DRILLING
4.3 DRILLING OPERATION FOR MUD DRILLING
4.4 BIT CONTROL AND REPARING FOR MUD DRILLING
4.5 CASING FOR DTH DRILLING
4.6 DRILLING OPERATION FOR DTH DRILLING
4.7 BIT CONTROL AND REPARING FOR DTH DRILLING
4.8 BOREHOLE LOGGING
4.9 BOREHOLE LOGGING INSTRUMENTS
5.0 INTRODUCTION TO GEOTECHNICAL DRILLING (SPT) MAIN FOCUS
5.1 DRILLING METHODS
1.1 Fluid Rotary Drilling
1.2 Auger DRILLING
1.2 THE MAIN DUTY/WORK OF A RIG OPERATOR/DRILLER

The following are the duty and responsibilities of the rig operator/ driller:

 Operates the drill rigs safely and execute drilling tasks such as: soil drilling, conventional
and wire line rock coring, sampling, testing and observing well installation safely and
productively.
 Ensure all company safety procedures are maintained and followed
 Inspection of equipment, structures or materials to identify the cause of errors or other
problems or defects.
 Controlling machines and process using either control mechanism or direct physical
activity to operate machine or process (not include computer or vehicles)
 Handling and moving objects using hand and arms in handling installing, positioning and
moving materials and manipulating things.
 Performing general physical activities: performing physical activities that required
considerable use of your arms and legs or moving the whole part of the body, such as
climbing, lifting, balancing walking, stooping and handling of materials.
 Communicating with supervisors, peers or subordinates: providing information to
supervisor co-worker and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in
person.
 Getting information: observing receiving and otherwise obtaining information from all
relevant source.
 Repairing and maintaining mechanical equipment: servicing, repairing, adjusting and
testing machines, device, moving parts and equipment that operate primarily on the basis
of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
 Making decisions and solving problems by analyzing information and evaluating results
to choose the best solution and solve problems.
 Returning the site to its natural environmental setting if drilling is not pursued and after
completion of exploration program on a boring well.
 Training and teaching others: identifying the educational needs of others, developing
formal educational or training programs or classes for teaching and instructing
others( trainee or new employee)
  Guiding, directing and motivating sub- ordinates by providing guidance and direction to
subordinates including setting performance standards and monitoring performance
 Staffing organizational unit: partaking in organizing recruitment and interview of new
employee.
 Provide consultation and advice to the management by providing guidance and expert
advice on technical systems or process related topics.
 Estimating the quantifiable characteristic of products event or information by estimating
the size, distance, depth, and quantities or determine time costs resource or materials
needed to perform a work activity

1.3 ASSESSMENT METHODS FOR A RIG OPERATOR/DRILLER

The rig operator/driller after successful completion of the training program will be assess
base on the following:
1 HOW TO CONDUCT ROUTINE CHECKS ON DRILLING RIG:
1.1 CONDUCTS ROUTINE CHECKS ON DRILLING RIG (at least 14 Checked
which are :)
 Walk around the drilling rig and check for any damage
 Explain safety decal and warning devices
 Track condition and adjustment
 Engine Oil
 Hydraulic Oil
 Transmission Oil
 Battery security, water level and cleanliness
 Coolant
 Explain bleeding of fuel system
 Seat adjusted and secure
 Seat Belt (condition and security)
 Mirrors adjusted and clean
 Overhead guard (if fitted)
  Check drilling fluid tanks
 Correct fluid type and levels
 Condition of boring rods
 Correct storage of boring rods
 Inspect Boring attachments

1.2 IDENTIFYING HAZARDS (AT LEAST 12 CHECKED)

 Power lines
 Traffic road/construction
 Bridges
 Ground condition
 Underground services
 Overhead services
 Surrounding buildings
 Obstruction
 Other equipment in area
 Personnel in area
 Hazardous materials
 Railway lines
 Trees
 Dangerous rotating parts
 Weather conditions
 Other hazards unique to the workplace
 Applicant immediately removes hazards, or ensures hazards are eliminated by
instigating appropriate action
1.3 PERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT (AT LEAST 5 ELEMENTS
CHECKED)
 Hard Hat/safety helmet
 Safety glasses
 Hearing protection
  High visibility vest
 Electrically insulated gloves
 Electrically insulated boots

1.4 START UP PROCEDURES (AT LEAST 5 ELEMENTS CHECKED)

 Shut off drilling fluid pump
 Sets throttle at idle
 Ensures controls are in neutral
 Starts engine
 Allows engine to warm up
 Checks steering
 Checks emergency stop button
 Checks warning devices in operation
 Checks power vice for operation and wear

2) OPERATING DRILL RIG:

2.1 Applicant should operates drilling rig (at least 15 elements performed correctly

 Access the site before drilling

 No mishaps when operating
 correct controls are selected
 Operation of controls is smooth
 Whilst maneuvering in a confined area, the applicant shunts or repositions drill rig to
access the area
 Drill rig is correctly positioned relative to drilling task
 Safe operating speed
 Operator is aware of other plant/personnel
 Need to be aware of debris which could cause damage to drill rig
 drill at a safe speed and maintains safe control of drill rig
 Lubricates male and female threads of rods
  Erect signs and barricades
 Attach drill head assembly
 Keeps people clear off rotating parts
 Starts drilling operations in safe manner
 Measures depth
 Drills in competent manner in line with the operators manual
 Removes drilling rods after required depth
 Shuts drill rig off, then removes drill head
 Disposal of waste liquids are carried out in accordance with environmental standards
 Drill string is disassembled as each joint is drawn back into the drill rig
 Operator does not alight from drill rig until it is safely parked and turned off
 Applicant explains correct use of the parking procedures when on an incline, as per
the manufacturers recommendations

3) SHUTS DOWN EQUIPMENT:

3.1. Shuts down equipment and secures site (demonstrates at least 7 elements

 Parks drill rig in a suitable location away from danger areas

 Lowers attachment to ground
 Appropriate gear, relevant to the drill rig, transmission type, is selected when parking
vehicle
 Applies parking brake
 Shut off the drilling fluid pump
 Reduce engine speed to idle
 Wait two minutes before engine is turned off after operating at full power
 Engine/power is turned off, keys removed
 Dismounts correctly

3.2 POST OPERATIONAL CHECKS (DEMONSTRATES AT LEAST 4 ELEMENTS

 Check structure for defects

  Batteries are checked
 Fuel
 Oil
 Hydraulic oil
 Tracks

3.3 TRANSPORT THE DRILL RIG (AT LEAST 4 ELEMENTS)

 Alight drill rig with trailer/truck

 lowly drive drill rig squarely onto the trailer
 Stop drill rig when the tie-down position is reached
 Lower rear stabilizer and drill rack frame
 Follow ‘shut down procedures’
 Tie-down drill rig using approved tie-down points

3.4 SECURES SITE (COMPLETE AT LEAST 7 ELEMENTS)

Parks drill rig clear of:

 Power Lines
 Inclined surfaces
 Next to open excavations
 Access ways
 Walkways
 Fire/emergency exits
 First aid facilities
 Refueling sites
 Blind corners
 No less than two meters from nearest railway track
 Flood areas
 1.5 REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTS SYSTEM FOR RIG OPERATOR/DRILLER

REWARDS FOR RIG OPERATOR/DRILLER

The rewards and benefit of a rig operator/ driller are as follows:

 Monthly salary which will be based on the company standard

 Site allowance which will be paid each day of site work
 Accommodation/ feeding allowance which will be based on the company standard
 Other benefit like bonus for good performance will be decided by the management to
encourage hard work royalty to the company.

PUNISHMENTS FOR RIG OPERATOR/ DRILLER

The punishment for rig operator/driller will be as follows:
 Deduction of salary will be apply to the following offence
a) Absent from work without proper permission from the authority or management
b) Negligent at work site and not following rules and regulations
 Warning: this will be given to rig operator when he or she commit any of the following
act
a) Not complying with the safety rules and regulations
b) Performing an unsafe act, or creating an unsafe condition
c) Leaving duty post without proper authorization
 Suspension which can be for week, weeks and months depending on the offence raging
from:
a) Fighting on site or the office
 Sack or withdrawer of employment: this will be enforced when the operator/drilling
engaged in any of this act.
a) Thief / stealing of company properties, work tools or materials.
b) Blackmailing of fellow staff or Chinese for money
N.B THE ABOVE PUNISHMENT AND REWARDS ARE SUBJECT TO
MANAGEMENT REVIEW.
COURSE OUTLINE/ TRAINING PLAN FOR FIELD GEOLOGIST/ RECORDERS
The field geotechnical officer/recorder shall be trained on the following:

INTRODUCTION TO SOIL MECHANICS

SOIL FORMATION
SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND LOGGING
FIELD IDENTIFICATION OF SOIL
SOIL DESCRIPTION
CLAY MINERALOGY
ROCK FORMATIONS
ROCK CLASSIFICATION
ROCK SAMPLE DESCRIPTION STANDARDS
ROCK MASS CHARACTERISTICS
LOGGING PROCEDURES FOR CORE DRILLING
SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION PLAN
GEOTECHNICAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS
SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION
DIAMOND CORE DRILLING
PLACEMENT OF ROCK IN A CORE BOX
SOIL SAMPLING
CONTINUOUS SOIL SAMPLING
BORING DEPTHS
FIELD LOGS
TRANSPORTING AND STORING SAMPLES
IN SITU MEASUREMENT
IN SITU ROCK MEASUREMENT
STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT)
CONE PENETRATION TEST (CPT)
TEST PIT
LABORATORY TESTING
GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS
GEOTECHNICAL REPORT
REPORT CONTENT AND PRACTICE
PRESENTATION OF SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION INFORMATION
GENERAL HUMAN AND HEALTH SAFETY TIPS

2.2 THE MAIN DUTY/ WORK OF A GEOTECHNICAL FIELD OFFICER/RECORDER

The following shall be the main work and responsibilities of the geotechnical field officer/
recorder:

 He will be responsible for Performing logging and sampling drill holes and trenches,
geological and structural mapping, installation and observation of down-hole
instrumentation.
 Conduct field investigations as geologic mapping, geotechnical drilling and sampling.
 Report geotechnical recommendations integral to successful design, construction and
maintenance of roads, airports, rail and other engineered structures.
 Collect, analyze and interpret geotechnical data.
 Gather, analyze and publish field and laboratory data in geotechnical report.
 Assist in preparation of construction plans, specifications and cost estimates including
material quantity calculations.
 Oversee progress of specific contracts related to engineering geology or geotechnical
study.
 Perform basic office administration tasks when needed. And also assist Manager in
planning, design and evaluation of constructions.
 Assist in Review and approve of geotechnical designs developed by outside consultants.
 Consult geological maps and aerial photographs to advice on site selection, and also
perform desk studies to assess site information sources prior to field investigations.
 Provide direction to technical team in field inspection activities.
 Geotechnical field officer study safety quality standards for different projects and make
sure that each project adheres to these standards, by Inspecting foundations, observing
drilling activities, and reviewing work plans for a geotechnical exploration program.
 Once geotechnical officer/recorder have taken soil, rock, and groundwater samples from
a site, they will also assist in conducting tests on these items in a laboratory. They study
 properties, note any contaminations or other issues, and produce reports about their
findings to the project managers.

 Geotechnical field officer/recorder will be required to spend most of their time in the
field - and in analysis laboratories. The job involves lots of travel and plenty of strict
deadlines - and work in most weather conditions.
 Client/subcontractors meetings: a regular duty of the geotechnical field officer/recorder
will be to meet with clients for evaluations of project progress. Budget and time
constraints will be important factors in any discussion and geotechnical field officer will
be expected to know and provide a variety of important information.
 He will be responsible for all safety protocol enforcement in the field and also the link
between field personnel and exploration manage, (He supervised and oversee all
geotechnical exploration work on the site, and take accurate record of all field activities)
 He ensure all field sample are correctly taken and label accordingly, and also safely
package and transported to the laboratory for testing

2.3 ASSESSMENT METHODS FOR A GEOTECHNICAL FIELD OFFICER/

RECORDER

The geotechnical field officer/ recorder after successful completion of the training program will
be assess base on the following:

 Basic knowledge of soil mechanics, soil formation, soil classification, logging and field
identification description.
 Basic knowledge of rock formation, classification, description, characteristics logging
and coring methods
 Test him/her on the knowledge of field investigation and subsurface investigations
methods
 Soil and rock sampling procedure, sample preparation, package and transportation.
 Assess on the knowledge of standard penetration test (SPT), cone penetration test (CPT)
and test pit.
 He/she will be test on the knowledge of laboratory analysis and geotechnical analysis
  Test on the knowledge of geotechnical report writing and presentation subsurface
investigation information.
 Test on the general knowledge of human and health safety on work site.

2.4 REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTS SYSTEM FOR GEOTECHNICAL FIELD

OFFICER/RECORDER

2.4.1 REWARDS FOR GEOTECHNICAL FIELD OFFICER/RECORDER

The rewards and benefit of a geotechnical field officer/recorder are as follows:

 Monthly salary which will be based on the company standard

 Site allowance which will be paid each day of site work
 Accommodation/ feeding allowance which will be based on the company standard
 Transportation allowance ( transport fee for movement from one site to another)
 Other benefit like bonus for good performance will be decided by the management to
encourage hard work royalty to the company.

2.4.2 PUNISHMENTS FOR GEOTECHNICAL FIELD OFFICER/ RECORDER

The punishment for geotechnical field officer/ recorder will be as follows:
 Deduction of salary will be apply to the following offence
a) Absent from work without proper permission from the authority or
management
b) Negligent at work site and not following rules and regulations
 Warning/ suspension: this will be given to geotechnical officer when he or she commit
any of the following act
a) Not complying with the safety rules and regulations
b) Performing an unsafe act, or creating an unsafe condition
c) Leaving duty post without proper authorization
d) Fighting on site or the office
Note: Suspension can be for week, weeks and months depending on the offence and
management decision.
  Sack or withdrawer of employment: this will be enforced when the officer engaged in any
of this act:
a) Thief / stealing of company properties, work tools or materials.
b) Blackmailing of fellow staff or Chinese for money
N.B THE ABOVE PUNISHMENT AND REWARDS ARE SUBJECT TO
MANAGEMENT REVIEW

3 Laboratory Tester

3.1 training plan

3.2 main works

3.3 Assessment Methods

3.4 Rewards and Punishments System

3.0 COURSE OUTLINE/ TRAINING PLAN FOR LABORATORY TECHNICIAN/ TESTER

INTRODUCTION
The competency based and market oriented curriculum for Geotechnical Lab Technician /tester
is designed to produce competent workforce equipped with knowledge, skills and attitudes
related to geotechnical laboratory work. Once the trainees acquired the competencies they will
have ample opportunity for employment through which they will contribute in the national
streamline of poverty reduction in the country. The skills and knowledge included in this
curriculum improve their knowledge and skills and make them competent Geotechnical Lab
Technician needed for the occupation.
AIM
The main aim of this program is to produce employable Geotechnical Lab Technician who could
provide soil, aggregate, cement, concrete, bitumen, brick, testing services for the company.
OBJECTIVES
After completion of this training, the trainees will be able to:
1. Conduct lab test on soil & aggregate,
2. Conduct lab test on cement & concrete,
3. Conduct lab test on bitumen & bituminous materials,
4. Prepare lab report and interpret results.
5. Understand standard penetration test and Cone penetration test.
6. Understand lab equipment handling, maintenance, and general lab management
7. Understand the safety rules and regulation in geotechnical laboratory
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course is designed to help the trainees to provide basic knowledge and skills on
geotechnical lab works. This course especially provides skills focusing on the conducting
different geotechnical lab tests. This course also provides skills about reporting the lab test
results.
Trainees will practice & learn skills using typical tools, equipment, machines and materials
necessary for the program. It is made mandatory that trainees should be placed in construction
site or a workable and a functioning geotechnical laboratory to gain hands on practice for at least
two to four weeks

LIST OF TOPICS AND SUB-TOPICS

1. Introduction
 Definition of soil and rock
 Soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering
 Soil formation
 Soil description and classification
 Rock classification and description
2. Geotechnical Lab equipment, handling, Management and maintenance
3. Safety rules and regulation in the laboratory
4. Geotechnical Lab Tests

4.1: Soil Tests and analysis

4.2: Aggregate /Rock Tests

4.3: Cement Tests

4.4: Concrete Tests

4.5: Bitumen Tests

4.6: Asphalt Tests

4.8: Brick Tests

5. Standard penetration test (SPT)

6. Cone penetration test (CPT)

 7. Soil and rock sampling method, Handling and transporting rock and soil samples

8. Communication and Professionalism Development

9. Field Practice

3.1 THE WORK/ DUTY OF A GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TECHNICIAN/TESTER

The following are the duty and responsibilities of the geotechnical lab technician/ tester:

 Test and analyze samples to determine their content and characteristics, using laboratory
tools or testing equipment
 Collect or prepare solid or fluid samples for testing
 Compile, log and record testing or operational data for review and further analysis
 Maintain and update databases of lab test results
 Assemble, operate and/or maintain field or laboratory testing, measuring or mechanical
equipment
 Perform inspection and required in-progress quality control of testing equipment
 Calibrate and/or repair testing equipment
 Prepare or review technical reports on sampling, testing or recommendations of data
Analysis.
 Ensure all safety protocol are strictly comply with in the laboratory.

N.B a geotechnical lab technician who has developed several years of work experience
may take on more of a supervisory role. His or her job duties may include:
 Participate in prospecting field trips to determine parameters of data collection and
testing parameters
 Supervise lab personnel and maintain internal quality control
 Ensure timely execution of lab tests
 Present results of laboratory testing via in person or written presentations to
stakeholders
  Assist management team with financial performance of lab
 Traveling to meeting and evaluation sites.
 Inspecting the composition of naturally-occurring formations at each prospective site.
 Drawing an array of samples and studying these in the laboratory.

3.2 ASSESSMENT/ EVALUATION METHODS FOR A GEOTECHNICAL LAB TECHNICIAN

The geotechnical lab technician/ tester will be assess during the training and after successful
completion of the training program. The assessment will be organized by the management
trainers’ team using the following approaches:

1. Continuous evaluation of the trainees' performance is to be done by the related instructor/

trainer to ensure the proficiency over each competency under each area of the whole course.
2. Related technical knowledge learnt by trainees will be evaluated through written or oral
tests as per the nature in the institutional phase of training.
3. Trainees must secure minimum marks of 60% in practical and 50% in theoretical
evaluations.
4. The entrance test will be administered by the management training team.

The geotechnical laboratory technician will be assessed and examined based on the following
topics and sub-topic during and after successful completion of the training program.

 Basic knowledge of soil, soil classification, rock and rock classification and description
system
 Knowledge of laboratory equipment, maintenance, handling and safety protocol in
laboratory practice
 Knowledge of soil test, rock test and the sample preparation and handling
 Knowledge of cement test, concrete, asphalt, Bitumen and brick test.
 Knowledge of standard penetration test, cone penetration test.
 Knowledge of geotechnical report writing and field practice
3.3 REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTS SYSTEM FOR GEOTECHNICAL LAB
TECHNICIAN

3.3.1 REWARDS FOR GEOTECHNICAL LAB TECHNICIAN/TESTER

The rewards and benefit of a geotechnical lab technician/tester are as follows:

 Monthly salary which will be based on the company standard

 Site allowance which will be paid each day of site work
 Accommodation/ feeding allowance which will be based on the company standard
 Transportation allowance ( transport fee for movement from one site to another)
 Other benefit like bonus for good performance will be decided by the management to
encourage hard work royalty to the company.

3.3.2 PUNISHMENTS FOR GEOTECHNICAL LAB TECHNICIAN/ TESTER

The punishment for geotechnical lab technician/tester will be as follows:
 Deduction of salary will be apply to the following offence
a) Absent from work without proper permission from the authority or management
b) Negligent at work site and not following rules and regulations
 Warning/ suspension: this will be given to geotechnical officer when he or she commit
any of the following act
a) Not complying with the safety rules and regulations
b) Performing an unsafe act, or creating an unsafe condition
c) Leaving duty post without proper authorization
d) Fighting on site or the office
Note: Suspension can be for week, weeks and months depending on the offence and
management decision.
 Sack or withdrawer of employment: this will be enforced when the officer engaged in any
of this act:
a) Thief / stealing of company properties, work tools or materials.
b) Blackmailing of fellow staff or Chinese for money
N.B THE ABOVE PUNISHMENT AND REWARDS ARE SUBJECT TO
MANAGEMENT REVIEW