Senior High School

General Biology 2
Module 10
Taxonomic Classification of Life
General Biology 2
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Module 10: Taxonomic Classification of Life
First Edition, 2020

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 SHS

General Biology 2
Module 10
Taxonomic Classification of Life
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the General Biology 2 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Taxonomic

Classification of Life.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

Hello, my dear facilitator! This module is packed with series of activities
related to taxonomic classification of life that will enable your learners to
enhance their skills on this specific competency.
As a facilitator of learning, you are hereby authorized to instruct your
learners to carefully read and understand this module because it contains
necessary information about the lesson that they need to answer the given
tasks to develop critical thinking leading them to fulfill the activities as they
learn.
Please tell your learners to complete and perform the activities included
in this module. Just enjoy your journey with the taxonomic classification of
life.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the General Biology 2 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Taxonomic

Classification of Life

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

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 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.

2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.

3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.

4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.

5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.

6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the taxonomic classification of life. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

Most Essential Learning Competency

• Identify the unique/distinctive characteristics of a specific taxon to other taxa
(STEM_BIO11/12IIIhj-15).
This module is divided into two lessons namely:
Lesson 1. Classification of Living Organisms
Lesson 2. Naming of Living Organisms

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the Linnaean system of classification;

2. classify organisms into hierarchy of groups based on similarities and distinct
characteristics; and
3. name the living organisms.

What I Know

Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What branch of biology that focus on describing, naming and classifying
organisms?
A. Cladistics
B. Genetics
C. Phylogeny
D. Taxonomy
2. What is the lowest taxonomic rank based on the Linnaean System of
Classification?
A. Domain
B. Kingdom
C. Order
D. Species

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3. How Carolus Linnaeus grouped the organisms?
A. By its ancestor
B. By its functions
C. By its habits and habitats
D. By its shared characteristics

4. Who proposed the hierarchical classification system?

A. Aristotle
B. Carolus Linnaeus
C. Carl Woese
D. Rudolf Virchow

5.What domain of organisms whose cells have membrane –bound nucleus?

A. Archaebacteria
B. Bacteria
C. Eukarya
D. Protista

6. Which of the following organisms belong to Kingdom Protista?

A. Dog
B. Frog
C. Mushroom
D. Protozoa

7. Which of the following is closely related?

A. Panthera tigris and Bos taurus
B. Panthera tigris and Panthera leo
C. Panthera tigris and Canus lapus
D. Panthera tigris and Neofelis nebulosi

8. Which of the following is the most general rank proposed by Linnaeus?

A. Class
B. Domain
C. Kingdom
D. Phylum

9. What is the most important kingdom that support life on earth that provide
oxygen, shelter, clothing, food and medicines?
A. Animalia
B. Fungi
C. Plantae
D. Protist

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For item number 10. Please refer to the table below:

Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Insecta
Order Coleoptera
Family Coccinellidae
Genus Coccinella
Species septempunctata
Common Name Ladybird

10 What is the scientific name of Ladybird?

A. Arthropoda insect
B. Insecta celeoptera
C. Coccinella septempunctata
D. Celeoptera septempunctata

11. Which of the following is the CORRECT sequence of taxonomic hierarchy from
highest to lowest rank?
A. Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
B. Kingdom, Domain, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
C. Family, Genus, Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Species
D. Genus, Species, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Domain

12. Which of the following is NOT hierarchical level of classification of animals?

A. Class
B Division
C. Kingdom
D. Species
13. Which of the following does NOT belong to the group?
A. Blue Whale
B. Bull Shark
C. Sea Horse
D. Squid
14. A scientist wants to assign a newly discovered bacterial species to kingdom:
Eubactera and Archaebacteria. Which of the following is the BEST question the
scientist should ask?
A. Is the species a prokaryote?
B. Is the species an autotrophs or heterotrophs?
C. Does the species have peptidoglycan in its cell walls?
D. Does the species live in an extreme environment, such as springs?

15. Maria was requested by her teacher to arrange the block that contain the
taxonomic hierarchy level of classification of animals. She arranged it with this
manner: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
Did Maria correct?
A. No, because order is the higher rank than a class.
B. No because kingdom is higher rank than a domain.
C. Yes because she arranged it from the lowest to highest rank.
D. Yes because she arranged it from the highest to lowest rank.

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 Lesson
Classification of Living
1 Organisms

What’s In

Activity
Directions: Classify objects or items that you commonly encountered or use every
day in school and in home. Use separate sheet of paper in performing and
answering this activity. Your answers will be assessed using the rubric below.

Guide Questions:

1. How did you group or classify the items or the objects?

2. What are the similarities and differences of each object?

Excellent Good Poor

5 3 1
Correct answer
Correct answer written in a Correct answer written in a
written in a
sentence with 2 supporting sentence with 1 supporting
sentence but no
details from the text detail from the text
supporting detail
No capitalization
Used capitalization and Used capitalization and and punctuation
punctuation. punctuation. used.
All words spelled correctly 1 – 2 spelling mistakes 3 or more spelling
mistakes

What’s New

You have done well in your first activity. Let us proceed to the next activity.
Inside the oval are the animals. I know you are familiar with them.

Activity

Lizard Snake
Hen Turkey

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Directions:

1. Classify the animals.

2. Write down the features that you can be used in grouping these animals.
3. Make a table and fill it with the features you will used in groupings. Write
plus sign (+) if the character is present, write minus sign (-) if the character
or features is absent.
4. Make a simple hierarchical system of classification of this animal.
5. Answer the following guide questions below.
6. Your answer will be assessed using the rubric below.
Guide Questions:

1. How did you classify or group the animals?

2. How they differ with one another?

Criteria Excellent Good Poor

5 point 3 points 1 point
Showed Student did not
exceptionally clear Showed good show
understanding of understanding of the understanding of
Content
the concepts and concepts with some the concepts and
/Goal
strongly and clearly references and clearly personal opinion
states personal states personal opinion. is not easily
opinion. understood.
The sentences are There is little or
The sentences are
well-written and no evidence of
Organization correct but with few
complete. sentence
inconsistencies.
structure.
Has no
Has few
grammatical or Has many
Grammar grammatical/mechanical
mechanical error in grammatical /
errors which are not
the output. mechanical errors.
distracting.

What is It

CLASSIFICATION
Classification is the process or arranging organisms into groups using similar
characteristics. It is based on key characters/features used in groupings.

Table 1. Classification of Humans

Taxonomic Scientific
Features
Hierarchy Classification
Organism that have membrane–bound
Domain Eukarya
nucleus
Kingdom Animalia Organism that able to move on their own

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 Phylum Chordata Animals with backbone
Class Mammalia Chordates with fur or hair and milk glands
Order Primates Mammals with grasping fingers
Primates with relatively flat faces and three-
Family Hominidae
dimensional vision
Hominids with upright position and large
Genus Homo
brain
Members of the genus Homo with a high
specific epithet sapiens
forehead and notably thin skull bones
Species Homo sapiens
Common Name Human

Benefits of Classifying Organisms:

 shows evolutionary relationships

 accurately & uniformly name organisms,
 prevents misnomers such as starfish & jellyfish that are not really fish,
Uses same language (Latin) for all names,
 prevents duplicate names because all names must be approved by
International Naming Congresses naming rules are followed called the
International Code for Binomial Nomenclature.
Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the practice of categorizing and naming of species. It is a major
part of systematics that includes description, identification, nomenclature, and
classification. It derived from the Greek word “taxis” meaning arrangement or
division, and “nomos” means method.

Early Taxonomic System

The Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) developed
the first widely accepted system of biological classification.
He was the taxonomy's first father; sometimes called the
"father of science." He was the first who introduced the two
key concepts of taxonomy as we practice it today: classification
ARISTOTLE
of organisms by type and binomial definition. He classified all
the organisms he knew into two groups: plants (bloodless) and animals (with blood).
Further, he subdivided plants into three groups, herbs, shrubs, and trees, depending
on the size and structure of a plant. He also grouped animals according to various
characteristics, including their habitat and physical differences.

Plants Animals

Herbs Shrubs Trees Land Sea Air

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 Carolus Linnaeus a Swedish naturalist and considered as the
'Father of Taxonomy. In the 1700s, he developed a way to name
and organize species that we still use today.

His two most important contributions to taxonomy were:

 A hierarchical classification system

Carolus Linnaeus
 The system of binomial nomenclature (a 2-part naming
method).
In 1735, he published his first edition of Systema Naturae (The System of
Nature), which was a small pamphlet explaining his new system of the classification
of nature. Further, he continued to publish more editions of Systema Naturae that
included more named species. There are 4,400 animal species and 7,700 plant
species named by Linnaeus using binomial nomenclature system.

Linnaeus classified organisms by shared characteristics. He classified

organisms based on what he thought were the organisms’ similar characteristics. In
terms of hierarchical classification, he developed the taxonomic hierarchy which
today has eight ranks from general to specific. It includes the Domain, Kingdom,
Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species.

Taxonomic Hierarchy
Taxonomic hierarchy an ordered group of taxonomic rank used to classify
organisms from general to specific. Domain is the highest (most general) rank of
organisms. Linnaeus invented some other ranks but not the domain rank which is
relatively new. Domain was not used until 1990, over 250 years after Linnaeus
developed his classification system in 1735. The three Domains of life includes the
following, Archae, Bacteria and Eukarya. Archae domain contains a single celled
organism. They are extreme organisms that live under some of the most extreme
environment. Bacteria domain includes prokaryotic organisms with unique cell wall
composition and rRNA type. Eukarya domain includes eukaryotes or organisms that
have membrane –bound nucleus. The eukaryotic cells are typically resistant to
antibacterial antibiotics. Eukaryotic organisms are Protista, fungi, plantae and
animalia. Kingdom is the next rank after the domain. Before when the domain not
yet introduced, kingdom is the highest taxonomic rank. In the current system, there
are Six Kingdoms. These are Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria), Eubacteria (true
bacteria), Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Archeabacteria are single celled
prokaryotes thought to be bacteria, and they are under Archae domain; Eubacteria
considered as true bacteria under bacteria domain; Protista it includes diverse group
of organisms and some have a characteristics of animals(protozoa), others resemble
of plants(algae) or fungi; fungi includes both unicellular(yeast and molds) and
multicellular (mushrooms)organisms; plantae includes all plants important to life
that provides oxygen, shelter, clothing and food; Animalia includes animals
organisms and they are eukaryotes that depend on plants and other organisms for
nutrition. Phylum is more specific than kingdom. It is the collection of classes. It is
a term used in animals, synonymously. Division for the plants. Class was the most
general rank proposed by Linnaeus; phyla were not introduced until the 19th

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Century. Order more specific than class. It contributes one or more than one
similarity. Family is the collection of similar genera. Genus made up of group of
similar species. Some genera have only one species known as Monotypic, if there are
more than one species it is known as Polytypic. Species is the lowest level of
taxonomic hierarchy. It includes the group of organisms that are similar in shape,
form, reproductive features. Species can be further divided into sub-species.

Hierarchy Level of Classification of Plants and Animals

Domain

Kingdom

Division Phylum

Class Class
When Order When
Order
Classifying Classifying
Family Family
Plants Animals
Genus Genus

Species Species

Variety Subspecies

For you to be easy to remember the order of these levels use the mnemonic
device to remember the first letter, Did King Play Cards On Fine Grained Sand?
Always remember that taxonomic ranks always written capitalized except for species.
Moreover, if the taxonomic hierarchy is from lowest to highest it decreases their
similarities and increase in numbers, but if is from the highest to the lowest it
increases the similarity and decreases the numbers.

Taxonomic Classification of Human

Taxonomic Hierarchy Scientific Classification

Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Order Primates
Family Hominidae
Genus Homo
Species sapiens

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 What’s More

Directions: Inside the box are the scientific classification of organisms. Complete
the table below. Copy the format and answer it on a separate sheet of
paper.

Magnoliopphyta Chordata Lagomorpha Equisetopsida Mammalia

Laporidae Artiodactyl Asterales Bos Asteracea
Bovidae Oryctolagus Bellas Cuniculus Animalia perensis
Eukarya taurus Plantae

Common Name Rabbit Daisy Cow

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum/Division
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

What I Have Learned

Directions: Choose the correct answer inside the box below. Write the correct answer
on a separate sheet.

Taxonomy Family Genus Eubacteria……..Classification Domain

Kingdom Species Aristotle Class Hominidae

1.____________ is the practice of categorizing and naming of species

2._____________is the process or arranging organisms into groups using similar
characteristics.
3.___________ developed the first widely accepted system of biological classification
4. In modern taxonomic classification organisms arranged into groups namely
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class,12Order, ________ Genus and species.
5. ____________is considered as the broadest taxon
6. _____________the most general rank in taxonomic hierarchy until phyla were not
introduce.
7. _____________is the highest taxonomic rank, when domain not yet introduced.
8. Phylum is a rank in the classification of organisms which is below the_________and
above class.

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9. Humans belong in the kingdom of Animalia and in the family of ____________
10. The six kingdoms are Archaebacteria, _______, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and
Animalia.

What I Can Do

Directions: Look around you, list down at least 5 living organisms and classified it
using the taxonomic hierarchy of classification. Copy the format and do
this on separate sheet of paper.

Common Name
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum/Division
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1.What is the highest taxonomic rank when Domain not yet introduced?
A. Domain
B. Kingdom
C. Order
D. Phylum
2. Which of the following are the basis in giving scientific name to an organism?
A. Family and Order
B. Genus and Species
C. Order and Species
D. Phylum and Kingdom
3. Who devised the taxonomic system of classification based on shared
characteristics?
A. Aristotle
B. Carl Woese
C. Carolus Linnaeus
D. Rudolf Virchow

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4. What rank in the classification of organisms which is below family and above
species.
A. Class
B. Genus
C. Family
D. Phylum
5. What Kingdom does Algae and protozoans belong?
A. Animalia
B. Eubacteria
C. Plantae
D. Protista
6. What taxonomic hierarchy that refers to the collection of similar genera?
A. Family
B. Order
C. Phylum
D. Species
7. Which of the following belongs to phylum Arthropoda?
A. Fox
B Dog
C. Lizard
D. Fruit fly
8. What Kingdom of organisms depend on plants and other animals for nutrition?
A. Animalia
B. Archaebacteria
C. Eubacteria
D. Fungi
9. What is lowest level of taxonomic hierarchy?
A. Family
B. Genus
C. Order
D. Species
10. Which of the following BEST describe the Archae Domain?
A. Single celled.
B. Made up of eukaryotic cells.
C. Membrane bounded nucleus.
D. Unique cell wall component and RNA type.
11. Which of the following does NOT belong to the three domains?
A. Archae
B. Bacteria
C. Eubacteria
D. Eukarya

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12. Which of the following is the CORRECT sequence of taxonomic hierarchy from
lowest to highest rank?
A. Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain
B. Species, Family, Genus, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain
C. Species, Family, Genus, Class, Order, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain
D. Species, Family, Genus, Order, Class, Phylum, Domain, Kingdom
13. Which statement is CORRECT if the taxonomic hierarchy is from highest to
lowest?
I. The similarities of organisms are decreasing, and the number is increasing.
II. Similarities of organisms are increasing, and the number is decreasing.
A. I only
B. II only
C. II and II
D. neither I nor II
14. Mary Jane fond of classifying animals. She classified her cat under class
Mammalia. Is Mary Jane correct in classifying her cat?
A. Yes, because a cat has a mammary gland.
B. Yes because a cat is a domesticated animal.
C. No because cat eats rat and rat is under class Rodentia
D. No because cat is carnivorous animal and should be placed under class
Carnivora
15. Hierarchical classification system was proposed by Linnaeus used to classify
organisms. based on their shared characteristics? Does this system of classifying
truly helped the people in classifying organisms?
A. Yes, because it is easy to identify their origin.
B No, because people were misled with this classification.
C. No because it leads into confusion in classifying organisms
D. Yes, it is easy to classify the organisms based on its similarities

Additional Activities

Directions: List down 15 living organisms present in your home and classify it
according to its Domain and Kingdom. Copy and do this activity on
separate sheet of paper.

No. Common Name Domain Kingdom

1
2
3

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 What I Know

Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Who developed the consistent naming of organisms?
A. Carl Woese
B. Henry Adams
C. Donald Chandler
D. Carolus Linnaeus
2 How Genus of the organisms will be written?
A. All letters are big
B. All letters are small
C. It starts with small letter
D. It starts with capital letter
3. How scientific name of an organism will be written if it is typed?
A. Bold
B. Italic
C. Unbold
D. Underline
4. What are the two parts of binomial nomenclature?
A. Latin name and English name
B. Common name and Latin name
C. Common name and English name
D. Generic name and Specific epithet
5. What is the scientific name of human?
A. Homo sapiens
B. Homo erectus
C. Homo habilis
D. Pan troglodytes
6. How the scientific name was written to specify its Latin origin?
A. Bold
B. Italic
C. Unbold
D. Underline
7. What is written first in scientific name?
A. Class
B. Genus
C. Phylum
D. Species

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8. What is the scientific name of a corn?
A. Zea mays
B. Oryza sativa
C. Musa acuminata
D. Musa balbisiana
9. What method proposed by Carolous Linnaeus in naming the organisms?
A. Scientific Method
B. Dichotomous Key
C. Binomial Nomenclatures
D. Zoological Nomenclature
10. Which of the following is NOT a binomial rule in writing scientific names?
A. C. All the scientific names are capitalized.
B. When the names are handwritten, they are underlined or italicized if
typed.
C. The first word identifies the genus and the second word identifies the
species.
D. The name of the genus starts with a capital letter and the name of the
species starts with a small letter.
11. Which of the following scientific name is CORRECTLY written based on the rule
of writing scientific name in binomial nomenclature?
A. Bos Taurus
B. Canus Lapus
C. Homo sapiens
D. Panthera tigris
12. Why scientific name written underlined if it is handwritten and italic if typed?
A. To easily identify
B. To become readable
C. To recognize immediately
D. To specify its Latin origin
13. The scientific name of a cat is Felis catus, if Felis is the generic name of a cat,
what is catus?
A. English Name
B. Generic name
C. Common Name
D. Specific Epithet
14. Loisa is a dog lover. She wants to give a specific identity for her pet. What Loisa
should do?
A. She will trace the owner of the dog.
B. She will formulate nick name for her dog
C. She will research for the scientific name of her dog.
D. She will research a rare and unique name for her dog

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15. If you are a gardener and you want that all your plants are easy to identify by
their own specific identity, what is the BEST thing you are going to do?
A. Label each plant with their Family name.
B. Label each plant with their place of origin
C. Label each plant with their Scientific name.
D. Label each plant with their Common name

Lesson
Naming of Living Organisms
2

What’s In

Directions: Make your own mnemonic device of taxonomic hierarchy. Do this activity
on a clean short bond paper. Your output will be assessed using the
rubric below.

Good Fair Poor

Criteria
5 3 1
Mnemonic device Mnemonic device is lacking
Mnemonic
is reasonable/fair any form of creativity. No
Creativity device is
not easily effort was made. Cannot
excellent.
understood. understand the form used.
Sloppy and does not flow.
Excellent Neat writing but
Cannot read what the
writing and the letters are not
mnemonic device says.
Organization letters are in in the correct
Letters are not in correct
correct order. order.
order.
Little to no
More than
misspelled
Spelling and misspelled words More than misspelled words
words in the
grammar in the mnemonic in the mnemonic device.
mnemonic
device.
device.

What’s New

Directions: Make a short investigation about your name. Write your data on a
separate sheet of paper and answer the question. Your answers will be
assessed using the rubric below.

Guide Question:

1. How your parent gives you your name?

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 Rubric for Scoring

Excellent Good Poor

(5 point)
Correct answer written in
a sentence with 2
supporting details from
the text
Used capitalization
and punctuation.
All words spelled correctly
(3 points) (1 point)
Correct answer
Correct answer written in a
written in a sentence
sentence with 1 supporting
but no supporting
detail from the text
detail.
No capitalization and
Used capitalization and
punctuation used.
punctuation
3 or more spelling
1 – 2 spelling mistakes
mistakes

What is It

Binomial Nomenclature
Carolus Linnaeus offered the first comprehensive, consistent and much
simpler method of naming the organisms. He introduced the binomial
nomenclature. It is composed of two terms, where, the first term indicates the genus
and the second term indicates the species of the organism. Each and every organism
would have one scientific name which would be used by everyone to identify an
organism.

Rules of Binomial Nomenclature

There are two international codes which are agreed upon by all the biologists
over the entire world in giving name of the living organism. It follows protocols in
naming to make sure that each organism gets a specific name and that name is
globally identified. They are:

 International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) – Deals with the

biological nomenclature for plants.
 International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) – Deals with the
biological nomenclature of animals.
In naming it follows certain conventions. Each scientific name has two parts:
Genus or Generic name (Ex. Homo), Specific epithet or specific name (Ex. sapiens).
Additionally, in binomial nomenclature rules for writing the scientific names of
organisms include the following:

 All the scientific names of organisms are usually Latin. Hence, they are written
in italics.
 There exist two parts of a name. The first word identifies the genus and the
second word identifies the species.
 When the names are handwritten, they are underlined or italicized if typed.
This is done to specify its Latin origin.

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  The name of the genus starts with a capital letter and the name of the species
starts with a small letter.
Example: Homo sapiens, Felis concolor

What’s More

Directions: Write the Scientific Name of the following organisms, based your answer
in the data found in the table below. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper. Your answer for number 4 will be assessed using
the rubric below.

Taxonomic Classification
Domain Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia Plantae Animalia
Phylum/Division Chordata Magnoliopphyta Chordata
Class Mammalia Equisetopsida Mammalia
Order Lagomorpha Asterales Artiodactyla
Family Laporidae Asteracea Bovidae
Genus Oryctolagus Bellas Bos
Species cuniculus perensis taurus
Common Name Rabbit Daisy Cow

Guide Questions:
1. What is the scientific name of a Rabbit?
2. What is the scientific name of a Cow?
3. What is the scientific name of Daisy?
4. Is there any advantage in using scientific names? Why?

Rubric for Scoring

Excellent Good Poor

Criteria
5 3 1
Showed exceptionally Student did not
Showed good
clear understanding of show understanding
understanding of the
Content / the concepts and of the concepts and
concepts with some
Goal strongly and clearly personal opinion is
references and clearly
states personal not easily
states personal opinion.
opinion. understood.
The sentences are well- The sentences are There is little or no
Organization written and complete. correct but with few evidence of sentence
inconsistencies. structure.

Has no grammatical Has few

Has many
Grammar or mechanical error in grammatical/mechanical
grammatical /
the output. errors which are not
mechanical errors.
distracting.

17
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the statement and choose your answer inside the box. Write
the answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Genus Binomial Nomenclature Species… . Carolus Linnaeus

1.__________ comprehensive, consistent and much simpler method of naming the

organisms.

2. __________ the second term in binomial nomenclature_

3. __________ first term in binomial nomenclature.

4. __________ who first proposed the comprehensive and simpler method of naming
organisms.

What I Can Do

Directions: Inside the box are the Scientific Name of the following organisms.
Select what would be their Scientific Name and write your answer on
separate sheet of paper. Your answer for the guide questions will be
assessed using the rubric below.

Zea mays Harmonia axyridis….Canis lupus familiaris Homo sapiens

1.

2.

3.

18
Guide Questions:
1. How did the name of the organisms was written?
2. How organisms given its name?
Rubric for Scoring
Excellent Good Poor
5 point 3 points 1 point
Correct answer written in Correct answer
Correct answer written in
a sentence with 2 written in a sentence
a sentence but no
supporting details from with 1 supporting
supporting detail
the text detail from the text
Used capitalization Used capitalization No capitalization and
and punctuation. and punctuation punctuation used.
All words spelled 1 – 2 spelling 3 or more spelling
correctly mistakes mistakes

Assessment

Directions: Read the questions carefully and write the letter of the correct answer
on a separate sheet of paper.

1 Which of the following is a binomial nomenclature?

A. Allium capa
B. Bellis Perennis
C. Helianthus annuus
D. Helianthus giganteus
2. What are the basis in writing scientific name using taxonomic hierarchy?
A. Genus & Species
B. Genus and Order
C. Family and Genus
D. Domain & Kingdom
3. What is the Genus of domesticated dog if the scientific name is Canis familiaris?
A. Wolf
B. Canis
C. Animal
D. Familiaris
4. What is the purpose of binomial nomenclature system?
A. Using other names
B. Provide an inconsistent way to name species
C. Ensure that each species has a different common name
D. Avoid confusion that can occur when using common names

19
5. What is the second part in writing scientific name-based binomial nomenclature
rule?
A. English Name
B. Generic name
C. Common name
D. Specific epithet
6. Mango has a Scientific Name of Mangifera indica in what Genus does Mango
belong?
A. Indica
B. Mangifera
C. Tree
D. Plant
7. How do living organisms can easily be identified?
A. By its Domain
B. By its Scientific name
C. By its habits and habitats
D. By its taxonomic hierarchy

For item number 8. Refer to the table below:

Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Insecta
Order Coleoptera
Family Coccinellidae
Genus Coccinella
Species septempunctata
Common Name Ladybird

8. What is the scientific name of Ladybird?

A. Arthropoda insect
B. Insecta celeoptera
C. Coccinella septempunctata
D. Celeoptera septempunctata
9.What is first term in binomial nomenclature?
A. Common name
B. English Name
C. Generic name
D. Specific epithet

20
10. Why we need to follow protocols in naming the organisms based on the
international code the ICBN and ICZN?

I. To make sure that each organism gets a specific name and that name is
globally identified,
II. To make sure that each organism gets a specific name and easy to classify
and label.

A. I but not II
B. II but not I
C. Both I and II
D Neither I nor II
11. Which of the following is TRUE in writing scientific name of an organisms?

I. When the names are handwritten it should be underlined or italicized if typed.

The name of the genus starts with a capital letter and the name of the species
starts with a small letter.
II. When the names are handwritten it should be italicized or underlined if
typed. The name of the genus starts with a small letter and the name of the
species starts with a small letter.

A.I and II
B I but not II
C.II but not I
D. Neither 1 nor II
12. Which scientific name of domesticated cow is CORRECTLY written based on
binomial nomenclature rule?
A. BoS Taurus
B. Bos taurus
C. BOs Taurus
D. BOS TAURUS

13. Which of the following is NOT a rule in writing scientific name of organisms?
based in binomial nomenclature rule?.
A. Scientific name if is typed it should be italic
B. All letters must be written in capital and bold.
C. Scientific name if handwritten it should be underlined
D. The first letter of genus starts with capital letter while the species starts
with small letter
14. Which of the following is the BEST reason why Linnaeus system of binomial
nomenclature worked better than earlier system for assigning scientific names
of organisms.
A. Linnaen system used words based on Latin or Greek.
B. Linnaeu’s system had fewer categories than earlier classification system
C. Linnaeus system standardized and simplified the scientific naming of
organisms
D. Linnaeus was the first scientist who developed a system using standardized
names.

21
15. Binomial nomenclature was proposed by Linnaeus in naming the organisms.
Does this method helped much to the people in naming the organisms?
A. No because it causes confusion
B. No because it so difficult to read and pronounce the name.
C. Yes, because of scientific name all organisms can be labelled immediately.
D. Yes, because organisms can be easily named and can have their specific
name as their own identity.

Additional Activities

Directions: In a short bond paper, list down atleast 10 living organisms with their
Scientific name. Copy the format below.

Common Name/English Name Scientific Name

22
 23
What’s More Lesson 2
1.Rabbit-Oryctolagus cuniculus
2.Daisy- Bellas perensis
3.Cow- Bos Taurus
4. YES. Because the names are unique
What I Have Learned Lesson 2 and widely accepted and nomenclature
system is also guided by the rules of
1. Binomial Nomenclature International Code of Biological
2. Species Nomenclature.
3. Genus What’s I can Do
4. Carolous Linnaeus 1.Canis lupus familiaris
2.Homo sapiens
3.Zea mays
What’s More Lesson 1
Taxonomic Classification
Domain Eukary Eukarya Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia Plantae Animalia
Phylum/Division Chordata Magnoliopphyta Chordata
Class Mammalia Equisetopsida Mammalia
Order Lagomorpha Asterales Artiodactyla
Family Laporidae Asteracea Bovidae
Genus Oryctolagus Bellas Bos
Species cuniculus perensis taurus
Common Name Rabbit Daisy Cow
Assessment What I What I Know
Lesson 2 Know Lesson 1
Lesson 2 Assessment What I Have 1.D
1. D 1.D LESSON1 Learned 2.D
2. A 2.D 3.D
3. B 3.B 1.B 1.Taxonomy 4.B
4. C 4.D 2.B 2. Classification 5.C
5. D 5.A 3. C 3. Aristotle 6.C
6. B 6.B 4.B 4. Family 7.B
7. B 7.B 5.D 5. Domain 8.A
8. C 8.A 6.A 6. Class 9.C
9. C 9.C 7.D 7. Genus 10.C
10. A 10.A 8.A 8. Kingdom 11.A
11. B 11.C 9.D 9.Hominidae 12.B
12. B 12.D 10.A 10. Eubacteria 13.A
13. B 13.D 11.C 14.C
14. C 14.C 12.A 15.D
15. D 15.C 13.B
14.A
15.D
Answer Key
References
Bailey, Regina.2020.”Guide to Six Kingdoms of Life”. Accessed June 15, 2020.
https://www.thoughtco.com/three-domain-system-373413

Biologydictionary.net Editors. “Taxonomy.” Biology Dictionary.

Biologydictionary.net, March 19, 2017. https://biologydictionary.net/taxonomy/.

Tilton,lois.2009.”Aristotle to Linnaeus:the History of Taxonomy.”Accessed June 15,

2020.http://davesgarden.com/guides/.

TRCalloway. 2020. "Reazon Systems, Inc." Accessed August 3, 2020.

https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?code=E6A599&sp=yes&.

2020.Course Hero Inc. Accessed June 15,

2020.http:www.coursehero.com/file/18365893/TaxonomyoverviewPPTHB

2020.Course Hero Inc. Accessed June 15, 2020.

https://www.coursehero.com/file/54905586/Taxonomy-Notesdocx/

n.d.Accessed June 15, 2020. https://study.com/academy/lesson/carolus-

linnaeus-classification-taxonomy-contributions-to-biology.html

n.d.Accessed June 15, 2020. http://classification1.weebly.com/

Andrey. 2019. A Dog. January 15. Accessed July 17, 2020.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/akras/31693623467.

BYJUS. 2020. Accessed June 17, 2020.https://byjus.com/biology/binomial-

nomenclature/

Jopetsy. 2015. James Reid. September 1. Accessed July 17, 2020.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/jopetsy/27251508178.

n.d. Accessed June 17, 2020.https://www.wallpaperflare.com/close-up

photography-of-corn-plant-corn-stalks-corn-ears-wallpaper-atmwj

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