Structural Use of Higher grade Steels

( S500Q & S690Q )

Koji OKI
JFE Steel Corporation
Supported by YONGNAM Engineering & Construction (PQE) LQD

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 1

 Contents

1. Introduction
-History & Qrend/ Benefits of using Higher grade steels-

2. Practical Qips in using Higher grade steels

1) manufacturing
2) local codes governing the use of higher grades steels
3) fabrication
4) special consideration in using S690Q

3. Project application of Higher grade steels

4. Conclusion

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 2

 Histors of structural steels
in Japanese building construction market

Annual Steel Fabrication/ million tons Annual Steel Production/ million tons
160

HBL630(DQ-HOP)
140
▽2015
TMCP460 120
Asian market
▽2010～
100

80

60

40

20

2010

2015
Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
 Benefits of Using higher grade steels
HIGHER GRADE STEELS are MORE EFFECTIVE built-up shapes, end-plates, anchor-plates etc
to squeeze the heavs-gauge steel members & elements into smaller size,
and make those more buildable and less costls.
Column profile to achieve equivalent strength Weld study
23% Saving 40% Saving in weight
Unit weight ()kg/m

30hr

18hr
12hr WELDING
On-site weld
By 2 welders

(S355) (S460) (S500) (S500)

800
tf=150mm tf=110mm tf=90mm tf=65mm
800

tw=100mm tw=80mm tw=55mm tw=40mm

Wt=2277kg/m Wt=1746kg/m Wt=1398kg/m Wt=1027kg/m
Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
 Material Standards of higher grade steels
– S500Q & S690Q –
Minimum Yield Tensile Strength
2
Strength (N/mm ) (N/mm2) Elongation Impact
Designation
≦50 ≦100 ≦150* ≦50 ≦100 ≦150* (%) Energy (J)
(16≦) (16≦)
EN10025-4 Min. min. Min.17
M ･･･ ･･･ ･･･ -20 ℃ min.40
S460 400 385 (Lo=5.65√So)
Q min. min. min. 590-770 540 -20 ℃ min.30
EN10025-6 Min.17
QL 500 480 440 -720 -40 ℃ min.30
S500 (Lo=5.65√So)
QL1 -60 ℃ min.30
20% higher than S460
Q min. min. min. 700-890 -20 ℃ min.30
EN10025-6 650 Min.16
QL 690 650 630 -40 ℃ min.30
S690 -830 (Lo=5.65√So)
QL1 -60 ℃ min.30
Chemical Compositon（％）
Designation
P C Si Mn S N B Cr Cu Mo Nb Ni Ti V Zr Al
max. max.
Q
0.025 0.015
EN10025-6
Max. max. max. max. max. max. max. max. max. max. max. max. max. max. max. min.
S500Q QL
0.20 0.80 1.70 0.020 0.010 0.015 0.005 1.50 0.50 0.70 0.060 2.0 0.05 0.12 0.15 ---
S690Q max. max.
QL1
0.020 0.010
Maximum Cev (%)
S500Q/QL/QL1 （ ＜t≦ 50mm）max. 0.47
（ 50mm＜t≦100mm）max. 0.70
S690Q/QL/QL1 （ ＜t≦ 50mm）max. 0.65
（ 50mm＜t≦100mm）max. 0.77
Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
 Contents

1. Introduction
-History & Qrend/ Benefits of using Higher grade steels-

2. Practical Qips in using Higher grade steels

1) manufacturing
2) local codes governing the use of higher grades steels
3) fabrication
4) special consideration in using S690Q

3. Project application of Higher grade steels

4. Conclusion

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 7

 Manufacturing of S500Q (Lead Time)
Conventional QT: RQ-T / Reheated Quenching & Tempering
Temp.

RQ
Rolling
T

Time

Advanced QT: DQ-T / Direct Quenching & Tempering

Temp.

Rolling (Optional)Tempering process can be further

expedited by HOP, on-line heat-treatment process.
DQ
T

As-rolled / TMCP + 1 week

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 8
 Local Codes governing use of higher grades steels
Material
BC1:2012 “Design Guide on Use of Alternative Structural Steels to BS5950 and Eurocode 3”
BS EN 10025-6 “Hot-rolled products of structural steels-part 6:
……. high yield strength structural steels in quenched and tempered conditions”
Design
(steel design)
SS EN1993-1-1 “Design of Steel Structures-part1-1: General rules and Rules for buildings”
SS EN1993-1-8 “Design of Steel Structures-part1-8: Design of joints”
SS EN1993-1-12 “Design of Steel Structures-part1-12:
Application rules for the extension of EN1993 up to steel grades S700”
(complimentary codes for composite construction)
BC4:2015 “Design Guide for Concrete Filled Tubular Members with High Strength Materials”
Fabrication
SS EN1090-2 “Execution of steel structures…..-part 2: Technical requirements for steel structures“
BS EN1010-1 “Welding-Recommendations for welding of metallic materials-part 2:
arc welding of ferric steels”
※all codes are incorporated with BC1:2012
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 Design parameters/ BC1 : 2012
1) Applicable standards of higher grade steels are listed-up in BC1:2012

2) Design Strength of higher grades steels up to S690 is presented in BC1:2012

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 Design codes mentioning the rules of S500Q/S690Q
1) Essential rules & parameters presented in SS EN 1993-1-12 & associated NA
* Ductility requirements: Sec.2.1 –additional rules to EN1993-1-1-sec.3.2.2(1)
Yield ratio (Fu/fy), Elongation at failure & Ulimate strain ⇒Next slide
* Plastic analysis: Sec.2.1 -additional rules to EN1993-1-1-sec.5.4.1
Not applicable
* Tensile member: Sec.2.1 -additional rules to EN1993-1-1-sec.6.2.3(2)
Net section resistance shall be reduced by multiplying by 0.9
* Buckling member: Sec.2.1 -additional rules to EN1993-1-1-sec.6.3.1.2
Same curves as S460 shall apply to S500Q & S690Q
* Welding: Sec.2.8 -additional rules to EN1993-1-8-sec.4.2(2)
Under-matched electrodes can be used when following NA.2.2.1.

2) Complimentary rules & parameters for CFT : BC4:2015

* Grades of materials & compatibility: Sec.2.1 & 2.2 & 2.5
[steel] up to S550Q, [concrete] up to C50/60 (C90/105)
* Design of Concrete Filled Tubular members: Sec.3 Reduction factor shall
* Connection Details: Sec.4 be applied
etc.
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 Mech. prop. & Ductilits Check as per EN1993-1-12
Minimum Yield Tensile Strength Elongation Impact Energs
Thickness
Strength (N/mm2) (N/mm2) (%) @-20℃ (J)
30mm 551 647 25 (335/325/304) ave.321
100mm 549 652 25 (317/323/287) ave.309
(t≦50) min.500
Requirement Min.590 Min.17 min.ave. 30J
(50＜t) min.480
specimen:EN10002-Annex-C
▽fu = 619 N/mm2
(εu=10%)
▽ ------- fs= 539 N/mm (εu=0.26%)
2

Ductilits Requirements as per EN1993-1-12 Sec.3.2.2

1) yield ratio: fu/fy ≧1.05
2) elongation at failure not less than 10%
3) Ultimate Strain requirement: εu ≧15×(fs/E)
⇒ 10% ≧ 15 ×0.26% (=4%)
Tensile test exhibits sufficient value in ductility.

Recommended to check stress-strain curve

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
 Fabrication practices for higher grade steels
as per SS EN1090-2: 2018
Cutting/Holing & Assembling
・S500Q can be handled in the same manner w/ S460.
・Please refer Section 6.4 & 6.9 in SS EN 1090-2 for the detailed directions.
Welding
・S500Q & S690Q shall be welded w/ different welding consumables
& welding conditions than S355 conventional steels.
・S500Q & S690Q requires more stringent quality assurance program.
-renewal of WPQT is required in every 3 years.
Same as S460
-suitable heating is recommended when material temp. below 5℃.
-cut area shall be grinded & verified to be free from cracks. Applies to steel
above S460
-48hr. hold time is specified for weld size above 12mm.

Shaping / Bending
・S500Q & S690Q can be handled in the similar manner to S460.
except hot-forming; not allowed unless fulfilling requirement s of EN10025-6 .
・Please refer to Section 6.5 in SS EN 1090-2 for the further instructions.
Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 13
 Welding Consumables & Conditions for S500Q
Applicable Welding Consumables
Welding Process Material Spec.
S460 S500Q
SMAW A5.5 E9016-G etc. A5.5 E9016-G etc.
FCAW A5.29 E81T1-K2C etc. A5.29 E91T1-Ni2C etc.
SAW A5.17 F7A6-EH14 etc. A5.23 F8A2-EA3-A3 etc.

Recommended Welding Conditions

Welding Process S460 S500Q
Heat Interpass Heat Interpass
Input Temp. Input Temp.

FCAW
Max.40kJ/cm Max.250℃ Max.40kJ/cm Max.250℃
GMAW
*Preheating temp. should be determined according to BS EN1011-1
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 Weld Practice (weldabilits of S500Q)
→worse
↓S690Q Max. specified Cev
Weldabilits Index (max. Cev) wt. %

↓S500Q Max. specified Cev

↓S460M Max. specified Cev

↓S500Q sample data of JFE

Better ←

Plate thickness (mm)

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 Selected data of weld joint test of S500Q
Sample WPS Tspical Test Results

FCAW
Wire
A5.29 E91T1-Ni2C
shielding CO2-shielding
Preheat 20 ℃
Interpass Temp 20 -150℃
Current-Voltage 280A-32V
Heat Input Max. 30kJ/cm
Travel Speed 20-50cm/min

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

 Special consideration in using S690Q
Weld Joint Test of min.T.S 700N/mm2 Steel
equivalent to S690Q
Plate Type of Weld Type of fractureWeld Joint Weld Metal
# thickness Weld Heat Input Joint location T.S N/mm2
N/mm2 Y.S T.S
Butt weld metal 840
GH1-50-3 50mm GMAW 30kJ/cm 777 834
(GH1) weld metal 839
Corner HAZ 836
SK-50-4.5 50mm SAW 45kJ/cm 830 862
(SK) HAZ 834
Corner weld metal 759
SK-25-10 25mm SAW 100kJ/cm 629 780
(SK) weld metal 787
Naming rules: (joint type)-(thickness)-(heat input) / Inter pass temp. 150℃
(Joint Type) GH1 (Joint Type) SK

Reference: Murakami et al, #22518, Aug-2009 AIJ Proceedings

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

 Contents

1. Introduction
-History & Qrend/ Benefits of using Higher grade steels-

2. Practical Qips in using Higher grade steels

1) manufacturing
2) local codes governing the use of higher grades steels
3) fabrication
4) special consideration in using S690Q

3. Project application of Higher grade steels

4. Conclusion

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 18

 Market Trends of higher grade steel in construction
Region Applied projects / Material Grade
Japan High-rise building & tower / Grade 630 etc.

※Annual production of higher grade QT

steel reaches or exceeds 10,000 ton.
Taiwan Civil & building / Grade 500 or above
Middle East High-rise building / Grade 690

http://www.jfe-steel.co.jp/release/2015/04/150420.html
Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 19
 conclusion
*Introduction
Benefits of using Higher grade steels

*Practical Qips in using Higher grade steels

1) manufacturing of S500Q
2) local codes governing the use of higher grades steels
3) fabrication welding practices of S500Q
4) special consideration in using S690Q

*Project application of Higher grade steels

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 21

 END
Qhank you for
your kind attention.
Koji OKI P.E.(Civil,USA)
K-oki@jfe-steel.co.jp

Copyright © 2018 JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. 22