LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE

GRADE 8

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards:
The learner demonstrate an understanding of
1. The learner’s atomic structure of a substances
B. Performance Standards:
1. Appreciating the importance of atom in their lives
C. Learning Competencies:
The learners should be able to:
1. Determine the charges of electron , neutron and proton
2. Explain the repulsion and attraction
D. Specific Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
1. simulate and describe Thomson’s and Rutherford’s model of atom;
2. distinguish the difference within Thomson’s and Rutherford’s model of atom; and
3. draw one of the atomic model.

II. CONTENT: Atomic Model (Activity 3: Small but terrible)

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages 137-140
2. Learner’s material pages 198-203
3. Textbook pages Science Learner’s Module 8
4. Additional materials from
Learning Resource (LR) Portal
B. Other Learning Resources
IV. PROCEDURES:

Developmental Activities Assessment Activities

A. Elicit Review
I have here scrambled letters about our previous topic which The students will participate in the class. They will rearrange the
was about the atom’s subatomic particles. Rearrange them to scrambled letter to form a new word.
form the correct word.

TOSPRON PROTONS
TCEELNOSR ELECTRONS
TONSEURN NEUTRONS
CLUESNU NUCLEUS
ARCEHG CHARGE

Kindly read the words formed altogether. Ready start. Students will read the flashcards.

Word Drill
Class, I have here flashcards. As I flip the flashcards you will Students will read the flashcards.
read the words written on it.

J.J. THOMSON J.J. THOMSON

RAISIN BREAD MODEL RAISIN BREAD MODEL
PLUM PUDDING MODEL PLUM PUDDING MODEL
ERNEST RUTHERFORD ERNEST RUTHERFORD
“ALPHA PARTICLE SCATTERING EXPERIMENT” “ALPHA PARTICLE SCATTERING EXPERIMENT”
NUCLEAR MODEL NUCLEAR MODEL
“JOHANNES “HANS” WILHELM GEIGER” “JOHANNES “HANS” WILHELM GEIGER”
ERNEST MARSDEN ERNEST MARSDEN

You will encounter these words as we go along with our lesson.

B. Engage Motivation
Class, I have here different pictures on the board. Try to Students will guess if what
identify if what is it or who is it. You can base your guessing it is the picture or who is it
from the flashcards that you have read. base from the words in the
flashcards.

Presentation
Okay class some of your guesses are correct but some are not.

The first picture is J.J. Thomson and the second picture is his
model of atom which is Raisin Bread Model or Plum Pudding
Model.
The third picture is Ernest Rutherford and the following
pictures are his model of an atom which are the “Alpha Particle
Scattering Experiment” and the
Nuclear Model.

Remember those pictures because that will be the center of our

discussion for today.

C. Explore Grouping of Students

Class, I want you to group yourselves with five members. Then Students will group their selves with five members then choose
select you leader and reporter in your group. their leader and reporter.

Setting of Standards
Class, what are the things that you should remember during 1. Work quietly.
your activity? 2. Cooperate with the group.
3. Clean the area after the activity.
Activity
Class today we will have an activity. I want you to open your Students will open their book and perform the activity to answer the
book on page 198 to 203. following questions.
You will perform the activity from Part A to Part C before
answering the questions. In Part A you will answer questions 1
to 4. In part B you will answer question 1. In Part C you will
answer questions 1 to 4. Put it in a 1 whole piece of paper.
Don’t forget to write your name and the date today. Copy the
Activity Title, Objectives and then the questions, copy and
answer.

ACTIVITY 3 SMALL BUT TERRIBLE

Objectives:
After performing this activity, you should be able to:
1. simulate and describe Thomson’s model of the atom
2. simulate and describe Rutherford’s model of the atom
3. deduce that scientific models may change over time
Part A
1. What is the shape of your “mystery object?” 1. Depends on the sample
2. What is the size of the “mystery object”? Draw a picture
of the “mystery object” showing its size relative to the 2. Depends on the sample
box.
3. Where is it located in the box? Draw a picture of the 3. Depends on the sample
“mystery object” showing its location within the box.
4. How were you able to infer the shape, size and location 4. Inside the box, the marble was rolled over and around.
of the “mystery object” in the box? There are times that the marble bumps the object inside the

Part B
1. What do you observe? What happened to the coin?
Part C
1. What happens to a positively-charged alpha particle that
comes near the positively-charged nucleus?
2. What happens when the positively-charged alpha
particle directly hits the positively-charged nucleus?
3. Imagining this relative size of the nucleus compared to
the atom, would there be many more or fewer alpha
particles that would pass through the gold foil
undeflected compared to the number in your schematic
representation?
4. What do you think are the chances of the alpha particle
directly hitting the nucleus?
D. Explain Discussion
Based from our previous topic, what is an atom?
Correct!
Do you still remember the two ancient Greek philosophers that
first had an idea about atoms?
Correct!
box. This gave helpful clues to infer the size, shape and
location of the “mystery object”.
1. The coins came passing through the pieces of paper.
1. It will be repelled causing the positively-charge alpha
particle to move at an angle away from the positively-
charged nucleus.
2. It will be repelled but the repulsion will be stronger
compared to the repulsion when the positively-charged
alpha particle only came close to the positively-charged
nucleus. The alpha particle will be more strongly deflected
since it hits a particle with a bigger mass, the nucleus of the
gold atom.
3. The nucleus is much tinier than the ones drawn in the
diagram; therefore, there will be more alpha particles that
will pass through.
4. There is a very small chance of hitting the target (the
nucleus) since it is very tiny.
Atom is the smallest particle of an element that has all the
properties of the element.
Leucippus and Democritus ma’am.
Our topic for today will be about the different scientist and their
different model of the atom.

First, we have
J.J. Thomson.
 In 19th century, he was able to discover
that atoms have negatively-charged
particles, which he called “electrons”.
 It led him to propose a new model for the atom, which
he called the “plum pudding model”.
 Other name is the “raisin bread model” (Since plums
and puddings are not commonly known in the
Philippines.)

Thomson proposed that the negatively-

charged electrons with very small mass were
scattered in a cloud of positive charge, there
was no region within the atom where there
would be an appreciable net concentration of charge that would
cause alpha particles to be deflected.

Second, is Ernest Rutherford.

 A group of scientists composed of Ernest
Rutherford, Johannes “Hans” Wilhelm
Geiger and Ernest Marsden tested
Thomson’s model by bombarding a very
thin sheet of gold foil with positively-charged alpha
particles.
 Their experiment is referred to as the “alpha particle
scattering
experiment”.
  Rutherford and his coworkers expected all of the alpha
particles to particles to travel undeflected through the
atoms of gold.
 They observed that most of the alpha particles did go
through the gold foil undeflected.
 But what surprised them was that there were a few
alpha (α) particles that practically bounced back towards
the source and some that were deflected at smaller
angles.
 Rutherford was reported to have exclaimed, “It was as
if you fired a 15-inch shell at a sheet of tissue paper
and it came back to hit you”.

Nuclear Model
 In1911, he suggested a different
structure of the atom.
 In 1912, he proposed the nuclear
model of the atom where all the
positive charge and nearly all the mass of the atom were
concentrated in a very tiny region called the nucleus at
the center of the atom. The rest of the atom, where the
tiny electrons with very small mass moved, was largely
empty space through which the alpha particles could
travel undeflected.

What we know about the behavior of electrons:

1. The electron although it is negatively charged does not
collapse into the positively charged nucleus.
2. There is attraction between the nucleus and the electron,
evidence of which is that energy is required to remove
an electron from the atom.
E. Elaboration
1. What was J.J. Thomson’s model called?
2. What did J.J. Thomson discover in the 19th century?
3. Who were the companions of Ernest Rutherford?
4. What was the first experiment of Ernest Rutherford with
his fellow scientist?
5. When Ernest Rutherford did suggested a different
structure of an atom?
6. What did Ernest Rutherford propose in 1912?
F. Evaluation Class, get ½ crosswise and answer the following questions. I
will read the question twice. Don’t forget to write your name
and the date today.
A. Identification
1. He proposes the plum pudding model or raisin bread
model.
2. It is the experiment made by the group of Rutherford.
3. How does the plum pudding model call in the
Philippines?
4. He proposes the nuclear model.
5. He discovered neutron inside the nucleus.
1. plum pudding model or the raisin bread model in the
Philippines
2. In 19th century, he was able to discover that atoms have
negatively-charged particles, which he called “electrons”.
3. Johannes “Hans” Wilhelm Geiger and Ernest Marsden
4. Alpha Particle Scattering Experiment
5. In 1911
6. In 1912, he proposed the nuclear model of the atom where
all the positive charge and nearly all the mass of the atom
were concentrated in a very tiny region called the nucleus at
the center of the atom. The rest of the atom, where the tiny
electrons with very small mass moved, was largely empty
space through which the alpha particles could travel
undeflected.
1. JJ Thomson
2. Alpha Particle Scattering Experiment (APSE)
3. Raisin Bread Model
4. Rutherford
5. Chadwick
 JJ Thomson’s Atomic Model
B. Draw one of the atomic models that we have discussed.

Finish or unfinished pass your paper in the front.

G. Extend Class, now get your notebook and copy your assignment on the
board.
A. List down all the scientists and their discoveries.
B. Bring a periodic table.

Prepared by:

Leslie Jane I. Celiz

Pre-Service Teacher

Checked by:
Mr. Antonio R. Esmalla
Cooperating Teacher