GRADE 9 SAINT BERNARD

ELEMENTS OF POETRY

A speaker, or voice, talks to the reader. The speaker is not necessarily the poet. It can also be a fictional
person, an animal or even a thing

A line is a word or row of words that may or may not form a complete sentence.

A stanza is a group of lines forming a unit. The stanzas in a poem are separated by a space.

Rhyme is the repetition of the same stressed vowel sound and any succeeding sounds in two or more
words.

IMAGERIES

Visual – appealing to the sense of sight

Auditory – appealing to the sense of hearing

Tactile – Appealing to the sense of touch

Gustatory – appealing to the sense of taste

Olfactory – appealing to the sense of smell

Kinesthetic – appeal to temperature, movement, and feelings

FIGURES OF SPEECH

A simile is a figure of speech using a word such as like or as to compare seemingly unlike things.

A metaphor also compares seemingly unlike things directly (does not use like or as.)

Personification attributes human like characteristics to an animal, object, or idea.

Hyperbole – a figure of speech in which great exaggeration is used for emphasis or humorous effect.

Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.

Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds within a line of poetry.

Onomatopoeia is the use of a word or phrase, such as “hiss” or “buzz” that imitates or suggests the
sound of what it describes.
LONELY AS A CLOUD
BY WILLIAM WORDSWORTH

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host, of golden daffodils;

Beside the lake, beneath the trees,

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,

They stretched in never-ending line

Along the margin of a bay:

Ten thousand saw I at a glance,

Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they

Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:

A poet could not but be gay,

In such a jocund company:

I gazed—and gazed—but little thought

What wealth the show to me had brought:

For oft, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,

They flash upon that inward eye

Which is the bliss of solitude;

And then my heart with pleasure fills,

And dances with the daffodils.