CLB MT3 2020

Section A [45 marks]

Answer all questions.

1 The masses, x, in milligrams of 24 prawns caught by Jamil are shown below:

33.3 37.4 35.4 37.3 35.7 37.4 34.8 38.3

39.4 36.7 33.9 38.2 34.4 36.5 36.8 35.8
34.5 38.8 35.0 36.3 31.1 36.7 37.4 37.9

(a) Calculate the mean, median and standard deviation of above data. [5]
(b) Hence, calculate the Pearson coefficient of skewness and comment on the shape of the
distribution of the mass of the prawn. [3]

2 Based on a survey, 70% of respondents in a certain area own smartphones. Among those
who own smartphones, 45% of them own tablets. It is also found that 80% of respondents own
smartphones or tablets.
(a) Find the probability that a respondent selected at random owns
(i) a smartphone and a tablet. [2]
(ii) a tablet. [2]
(iii) a smartphone but not a tablet. [2]
(b) State, with a reason, whether the events ‘a respondent owns a smartphone’ and ‘a
respondent owns a tablet’ are independent? [3]

3 A continuous random variable X has a probability density function

1

{
x, 0≤x<2 ,
3
f (x )= 2
(3−x ), 2≤x<3 ,
3
0, otherwise .
1
(a) Find
(
P | X−2|≤
2 . ) [3]
(b) Determine the cumulative distribution function of X. [2]
Hence, find the median of the distribution. [2]

4 The heights of male students of a certain college are normally distributed with a mean of
164.7 cm and a standard deviation of 8.1 cm. A random sample size of 50 male students are
chosen from the college.
(a) Determine the sampling distribution for the mean height of the sample. [3]
(b) Find the probability that the mean height of the sample is more than 166 cm. [3]

5 What is means by critical region in hypothesis testing? [1]

At a certain college, it is estimated less than 30% of the student drive cars to attend class. In a
random sample of 120 college students chosen, x is found to drive cars to attend class. Based
on this sample x, at the 4% significance level, find the critical region when carry out a test on
the null hypothesis p = 0.35 against the alternative hypothesis p < 0.35. [6]
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL 3
6 The table below shows the hours spent on computer games in a day for a random sample of
120 students of different genders.

Hours spent on computer games in a day

Less than 3 3 to 8 More than 8
Male 37 22 15
Gender Female 20 17 9

Perform a test, at 5% significance level, to determine whether the number of hours spent on
computer games in a day is independent of the gender. [8]

Section B [15 marks]

Answer one question only.

You may answer all the questions but, only the first answer will be marked.

7 It is known that 3% of pressure cooker sold by a company malfunction within one year.
The company offers a warranty period of one year.
(a) Find the probability that, out of 25 pressure cookers, at least three pressure cookers
malfunction within the warranty period. [4]

(b) Determine the least number of pressure cookers, such that the probability that at least
one pressure cooker malfunctions within the warranty period is more than 0.9985. [5]

(c) Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that, out of 500 pressure cookers,
there are between 13 to 20 pressure cookers malfunction within the warranty period. [6]

8 The lengths of the disposable face masks produced by a factory have a normal distribution
with mean μ and standard deviation 0.5 cm. A random sample of 200 disposable face masks
has mean length of 17.5 cm.

(a) What is the unbiased estimates of the mean μ ? [1]

(b) Perform a test, at the 5% significance level, to determine whether the mean lengths of
all disposable face masks are 17.4 cm. [6]

(c) It is discovered that 12 of these disposable face masks are defective.

(i) Construct a 90% confidence interval for the proportion of all disposable face masks
which are defective.
[4]

(ii) Determine the sample size needed in order to estimate proportion of the disposable
face masks which are defective to be within 0.05, with 96% confidence. [4]

CONFIDENTIAL
CLB MT P3 2020 ANSWERS:
∑ x=869.0, ∑ 31550 .12 B1
1. (a)
 869 .0 (3, 4, 5 s.f.)
=36. 208 A1
Mean = 24
1 1 B1 CAO
( x 12+x 13 )= ( 36 . 5+36 .7 )=36 . 6
Median = 2 2
2
31550 . 12 869 .0
Standard deviation,
σ=
24
−
√
24
= 1.8828
( ) M1
A1
‘his’
∑ x∧ ∑ x2
(3, 4, 5 sf)

3 (36. 208−36 .6 ) M1 Using ‘his’

mean (3, 4, 5
(b) Pearson coefficient of skewness = 1 . 8828
A1 sf)
(3, 4, 5 sf)
= – 0.63735 or – 0.62141 or – 0.62460

The distribution of the mass of the prawn is negatively A1

distribution or skewed to the left.

2. (a) (i) P (T|S )=0.45

M1
P ( S∩T )=0 . 45(0 . 7) A1
= 0.315
(ii) P (T )=P( S∪T )+P(S∩T )−P (S )
= 0.8 + 0.315 – 0.7 M1
= 0.415 A1

(iii) P ( S∩T ' )=P( S )−P( S∩T ) M1

= 0.7 – 0.315 A1
= 0.385
P (T |S )=0.45 ∧ P(T )=0.415 M1
(b) M1
∵P ( T|S ) ≠ P(T ) A1
∴ S & T are not independent.

1 3 5
3. (a)
(
P |X−2|≤
2 ) (
=P ≤X ≤
2 2 )
 2 1 2 .5 2
=∫1.5 x dx +∫2 ( 3−x ) dx
3 3
2 2. 5 M1
1 2
[ ] [
= x2 + ( 3 x−x 2 )
6 1 .5 3 2
]
1 2 1 1 M1
6 3 2 [
= ( 22−1 . 52 ) + 3(2 .5 )− (2 . 5)2 −3(2 )+ (2)2
2 ]
13 A1 Accept 3. 4, 5
= or 0 .54167 sf
24

(b)
F( x)=∫ f ( x )dx
0, x< 0 M1 Two correct.

F( x )=

{ 1 2
6
1
x ,

2 x− x 2 −2 ,

1 m 1
F(m )= ⇒ =
3
1,
2
0≤x< 2

2≤x <3
otherwise
A1

M1
All correct.

2 6 2
A1
m=√ 3

4. (a) Let X is the heights of male students of a certain college B1 X & Normal
X ~ N(164.7, 8.12) distribution
8.12 B1 Two parameter
X ~N (
164 .7,
50 ) B1
with
μ=164.7
X ~ N ( 164.7,1.3122 ) seen
8.12
50 or
1.3122
166−164 . 7
(b) P( X>166) =
(
P Z>
√1 .3122 ) = P ( Z>1.135 )
M1 Standardization

= 1−φ ( 1.135 ) M1
= 1 – 0.8718 A1
= 0.1282
5. Critical region is a set of values of the of the test statistic that B1
leads to be rejected of Ho.
. Ho : p = 0.35
H1 : p < 0.35
Significance level : α=0 . 04
n is large, by Central Limit Theorem,
0.35 (0.65 ) B1
Ps ~ (
N 0.35,
120 ) approximately.
x
Ps 
120
x
−0 . 35
120 M1
‘his’ s &
P
Z=
0. 36( 0. 65 ) standard error.
Test statistic, √
120
At 4% significance level, reject Ho if Z < – 1.751. B1 – 1.751
x
−0. 35
120 M1 ‘his’ Z
<−1 .751
0 .36 (0 .65 )
√
120
x < 32.85 M1
Since x is an integer, the critical region is x≤32 A1
6. Ho: The number of hours spent on computer games in a day is
independent of the gender. . B1
H1: The number of hours spent on computer games in a day is not
independent of the gender.
2
2 ( Oij−E ij )
χ =∑
Test statistic : E ij
Hours spent on computer games in a day

Less than 3 3 to 8 More than 8 At least 3 Eij correct

M1
Male 37 22 15
A1 All correct.
74 x 57 74 x39
Gender
(120 )
¿ ¿¿¿ (120 )
¿ ¿ ¿¿ (74120x24 ¿) ¿¿¿
¿ ¿ ¿
Female 20 (21.85) 17 (14.95) 9 (9.20)

Test statistic: M1 Correct formula

2 (37−35 . 15 ) ( 22−24 . 05 )2 ( 9−9 .2 )2 and sum using
χ = + +. ..+ ‘his’ Eij
35 .15 24 . 05 9 .2

= 0.71690 A1 3, 4, 5 sf
At the 5% significance level, v = (2 – 1 )(3 – 1 ) = 2
2 2
χ 0. 05 , 2
χ 0. 05 , 2
≥5 . 991 B1
Table : = 5.991, reject Ho if
2 M1 Compare ‘his’
Since χ =0 .7169<5 . 991 , do not reject Ho.
and correct
‘his’ decision
There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the number of A1
hours spent on computer games in a day is not independent of the
gender at the 5% significance level.

OR There is insufficient evidence to reject H o, and conclude that the

number of hours spent on computer games in a day is independent of
the gender at the 5% significance level.
7 (a) Let X is the number of pressure cooker sold by a company
malfunction,
X ~ B(25, 0.03)
 P( X≥3)=1−[ P( X =0)+P( X=1)+P( X=2 )] B1
25 M1 n = 25, p = 0.03
=1−∑ 25 C x ( 0. 03 ) x ( 0 . 97 )25−x
x =0 or M1 3 terms of X = 0, 1,
25
x 25−x 2 seen
= ∑ 25 C x ( 0 . 03 ) ( 0 . 97 )
x=3

= 0.037960 A1 3, 4, 5 sf
(b) Y ~ B(n, 0.03)
P(Y ≥1 )>0 .9985 B1 CAO
(Any alphabet)
1−P(Y =0)>0. 9985 M1 Y=0
‘his’ inequality and
P(Y =0)<0. 0015
value
n 0 n M1 Use binomial
C0 ( 0.03 ) ( 0.97 ) <0 .0015
formula
lg0. 0015 Solve and lead to n
n> M1 and ‘his’ correct
lg0. 97
inequality
n>213 .48
The least number of pressure cookers is 214. A1
2 B1 Can be implied
(c) μ=15>5 , σ =14.55
X ~ B(500, 0.03) → X ~ N(15, 14.55) B1 Normal dist.

P(13<X <20 ) → P(13.5< X <19.5 ) M1 Continuity

correction (both)
13 .5-15 19 . 5−15 M1 Standardization

=
P
( √ 14 . 55
<Z <
√14 . 55 )
= P ( -0.3932<Z<1.1797 )
= φ ( 0.3932 ) +φ (1.1797 )−1 M1 Calculator or table
= 0.65291+0.88094 – 1 or = 0.6528+0.8810 – 1
= 0.53385 or 0.5338 A1

8. (a) Unbiased estimate of population mean is 17.5 or

¿
B1
μ = 17.5
 (b) Ho : μ = 17.4 B1 Both
H1 : μ≠17.4
Significance level : α=0 . 05
0.5 2
X ~
N 17.4 , (
200 ) M1 Exact answer
17 .5−17 . 4
Z=
0.5
Test statistic, √ 200
= 2.8284 A1 3,4 5 sf
Rejection region:
At 5% significance level, reject Ho if z < 0 – 1.96 or z > 1.96 B1 Seen – 1.96 or 1.96
Since 2.8284 > 1.96, reject Ho. M1
There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the mean
lengths of all disposable face masks are not equal to 17.4 cm at A1
the 5% significance level.

12 B1
=0 .06
(c) (i) Ps = 200
0. 06(0.94 ).
n is large , Ps ~
(
N 0. 06 ,
200 ) B1 Standard error
The 90% confidence interval for the proportion, M1 (exact)
0.06 (0.94) Confidence error &

=
( 0.06±1.645×
√ 200 ) ‘his’ std error

= ( 0 .06±0 .027624 )
A1 3,4 5 sf
= ( 0.032376 , 0.087624 )

0.06 (0.94 ) M1 Left hand side with

(ii)
2. 054
√ n
≤0 .05
M1
2.054 & ‘his’ Ps
¿0 .05

2. 054 2
n≥ ( )
0. 05
( 0. 06 ) ( 0. 94 ) M1 Attempt to solve

n≥95 .18
∴ n = 96 A1 Accept n≥96