NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,

DURGAPUR

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

(CES752)
EXPERIMENT 1

Name: Aman Deep Sandhu

Roll No. 17CE8063
Date: 24/03/2021
 MIX DESIGN OF CONCRETE
 STIPULATIONS FOR PROPORTIONS

i. Grade Designation: M30

ii. Type of cement: PPC conforming to IS 1489 Part (1)
iii. Maximum nominal size of aggregate: 20 mm
iv. Exposure conditions: Mild
v. Workability: 100 mm
vi. Method of concrete placing: Chute (non-pump able)
vii. Degree of site control: Good
viii. Type of aggregate: Crushed angular aggregate
ix. Chemical Admixture Type: None

 TEST DATA FOR MATERIALS

i. Cement Used: PPC conforming to IS 1489 Part 1

ii. Specific Gravity of Cement: 3.14
iii. Chemical Admixture: None
iv. Specific gravity of:
• a. Coarse Aggregate (at SSD condition): 2.90
• b. Fine Aggregate (at SSD condition): 2.60
v. Water Absorption:
• a. Coarse Aggregate (at SSD condition): 0.5%
• b. Fine Aggregate: 1%

TARGET STRENGTH FOR MIX PROPORTIONING:

f t=f ck +1.65 × S

Here, f ck =30 MPa

S=5 MPa
Therefore, f t=30+ 1.65× 5=38.25 MPa

Hence, the target strength is 38.25 MPa.

APPROXIMATE AIR CONTENT:

From Table 3 of IS 10262:2019, the approximate amount of entrapped air is to

be expected to be 1% for 20 mm nominal maximum sized aggregate.
 SELECTION OF WATER-CEMENT RATIO:

Free water-cement ratio required for target-strength of 38.25 MPa is 0.39. This
is lower than the maximum value of 0.55 prescribed for mild exposure
conditions. Hence, we choose W/C as 0.4.

SELECTION OF WATER CONTENT:

Water content = 186 kg (for 50 mm slump) and for 20 mm

aggregate. Hence estimated water content for 100mm slump will be
6 ×186
¿ 186+ =197.16 kg
100

CALCULATION OF CEMENT CONTENT:

W/C ratio is 0.4.

197.16
Cement content = =394.3 kg
0.5

From table 5 of IS 456, minimum cement content for mild exposure condition is
300 kg. Since 394.3 kg > 300 kg, hence it is OK.

PROPORTION OF VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE AND FINE AGGREGATE:

Proportion volume of coarse aggregate corresponding to 20 mm sized aggregate and

 fine aggregate (zone II) for w/c = 0.5 is 0.62.

At w/c =0.5 Proportion volume of coarse aggregate corresponding to 20 mm sized=

0.62

Hence volume of fine aggregate = =

1-0.62 = 0.38

 MIX CALCULATIONS:

Mix calculations per unit volume of concrete shall be as follows:

a) Total Volume = 1 m3
b) Volume of entrapped air in wet concrete = 0.01 m3
c) Volume of cement = 394.3/(1000*3.14) = 0.126 m3
197.16
d) Volume of Water¿ =0.197
1∗1000
e) Volume of all in aggregate
= [(a-b) - (c+d)] = (1-0.01-0.126- 0.197) m3=0.667 m3
f) Mass of coarse aggregate (SSD)= e x Volume of Coarse Aggregate x Sp.
Gravity x 1000
= 0.667x 0.62 x 2.90 x 1000 = 1199.27 kg/m3
g) Mass of fine aggregate (SSD) =0.667 x 0.38 x 2.60x 1000 = 658.97 kg/m3

 MIX PROPORTIONS

Cement= 394.3 kg/m³

Water= 197.16 kg/m³

Coarse Aggregate = 1199.27 kg/m³
Fine Aggregate = 658.97 kg/m³
Cement: FA: CA: Water = 1 : 1.67 : 3.04 : 0.5
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
DURGAPUR

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

(CES752)
EXPERIMENT 2

Name: Aman Deep Sandhu

 Roll No. 17CE8063
Date: 07/04/2021

DESIGN OF BEAM
GIVEN DATA:

Cross section of the beam( b × D )=120 ×230 mm2

Length of the beam ¿ 2 m

Grade of concrete ¿ M 30

SOLUTION:
Assume 10 mmdiameter bars for main reinforcement.
Assume clear cover as 25 mm (Cl . 4.1 ( c ) SP 34−1987)

10
So, Effective depth of the beam, ( d )= 230−25−6−( )
2
mm=194 mm

Let us assume that the beam is simply supported.

Let us assume a factored uniformly distributed load of 34 kN /m.

w l2
Then, Maximum bending moment ¿ =17 kNm
8

For under-reinforced section,

M u < M u ,bal

17 ×106 < M u , bal

17 ×106 < 0.36 f ck x u ,bal b ( d−0.42 x u ,bal )

x u ,bal
Since =0.48 for Fe 415 steel , x u ,bal =0.48 d
d

17 ×106 < 0.36 f ck × 0.48 d × b ( d−0.42 ×0.48 d )

17 ×106 < 0.36 ×30 ×0.48 d ×120 ( d−0.42 × 0.48 d )

Solving we get d >185 mm
Hence , d=194 mm is okay

Calculation of area of steel,

0.87 f y A st =0.36 f ck x u b

0.87 × 415 × A st =0.36 × 30× xu ×120

x u=0.2785 A st

M u=0.87 f y A st ( d−0.42 x u ) ………………………………….Eq(i)

But , x u=0.2785 A st

So, M u=0.87 f y A st ( d−0.42× 0.2785 A st )

17 ×106 =0.87 × 415 × A st ( 194−0.42 ×0.2785 A st )

A st =295.27 mm2 , 1363 mm 2

Take A st =295.27 mm2

(If we take A st =1363 m m2, section becomes over-reinforced, hence not applicable here)

Similarly, putting x u=88.8 mm in Eq(i) we get,

A st ,bal =318.85 mm2

Let us provide 4 nos . of 10 mm diameter bars for tensile reinforcement ∈two layers .

So , A st , provided=314 m m 2
Since, A st , provided < A st , bal , we have an under −reinforced section .

Check for minimum tensile reinforcement (Cl . 8.2 .2.1 SP 34−1987)

0.85 A st , min
=
fy bd

A st ,min =47.68 mm 2

Since, A st , provided > A st , min (Hence OK )

Check for maximum tensile reinforcement(Cl . 8.2 .2.2 SP 34−1987)

A st ,max =4 % of gross cross sectional area=0.04 ×120 × 230=1104 mm 2

Since, A st ,max > A st , provided (Hence OK )

Checking for Deflection

314
Percentage of Steel= ×100=1.14 %
120 ×230
Area of steel required 295.27
f s=0.58 f y × =0.58 × 415 ×
Area of steel provided 314

f s=226.34 N /mm2

From Fig.4 of IS-456:2000

Modification factor, k =1
¿(Cl .23.2 .1 IS 456−2000)

( dl )
max
=20 × k=20 ×1=20

( dl ) provided
=
span
=
2000
eff . depth 194
=10.31

Since, ( dl ) >( dl )
max provided

Hence , thebeam is safe against deflection .

DESIGN OF BEAM FOR SHEAR

We had factored uniformly distributed load of 34 kN /m

wl
Maximum Shear Force, V u= =34 kN
2
V u 34 ×103 2
τ v= = =1.46 N /mm
bd 120 ×194

τ v < τ v , max <2.8 N /mm2

τ c =0.67 N /mm2 for 1.14 % of steel

τ c, max > τ v >τ c

Now, V us =V u −τ c bd
So ,V us =34000−0.67 × 120× 194=18402.4 kN

Providing 6 mm dia 2−legged vertical stirrups

2 π × 36
A sv= =56.52 mm 2
4
Now,
A sv 0.4
>
b S v 0.87 f y
A sv × 0.87 f y
Sv < <255.08 mm
0.4 b
Again
 0.87 f y A sv d
Sv = =120.04 mm
V us

116.44 mm
So , maximum spacing∈the stirrup ≤
{255.08 mm
300 mm
0.75 d( ¿150 mm)

Hence , provide 6 mm 2L strirrups@ 100 mm c /c

DETAILING OF A BEAM

2-#8
#6 @ 100 c/c
A

1960

100
100

2000

2-#10
2-#10

200 A All the dimensions are in mm 200

Figure. Detailing of beam

Figure. Detailing of Section A-A
 #6 @ 100 c/c

2-#8

194 230

15
4-#10

BAR BENDING SCHEDULE

25
Bar Bar Shape Dia Length Total Weigh Total
Sl. Mark Type
120 of of No. (m) Length t kg/m Weigh Remarks
No bar bar (m) t (kg)
All the dimensions are in mm
25 (mm
50 )
1 B1 Main
bars 10 4 2.16 8.64 0.617 5.327
(Straight
bars)

2 B2 Hanger 8 2 1.96 3.92 0.395 1.548

bars

3 S1 Stirrups 6 17 0.536 9.11 0.222 2.022

Total weigh
Add 5% Wastage
Gross weig
 S1

Calculations for the bar bending schedule

 Length of B̄1=Clear distance between the walls+¿
2(width of walls−cover
¯ +bend length)
¿ 2 m−2 ( 0.020 m ) +2 ( 0.100 m )=2.16 m
[Bend length = 6 x Bar diameter = 6 x 10 mm]

 Length of B̄ 2=Clear distance between thewalls+ ¿

2(width of walls−cover)
¯
¿ 2 m−2 ( 0.020 m ) =1.96 m
Clear span 1600
 Number of stirrups= + 1= +1=17
spacing 100
¿
So , clear span=2 m−0.2 ×2=1.6 m¿
Length , a=230−2 ×25−6 ×2=168 mm=0.168m
Length , b=120−2 ×25−6 ×2=58 mm=0.058 m
Length of one stirrup S 1=2× ( a+b )+ hook length−bend length
¿ 2 ( 168+ 58 ) +2× 10 ×6−3× 2× 6=536 mm=0.536 m
¿