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GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION REPORT

(IS: 1892 – 1997)

CLIENT
MRS. SANJU DEVI
W/o MR. YOGENDRA KUMAR SINGH

LOCATION
KALIBARI, KHAGARIA.
(Khata- 179, Khesra- 1518, Mouja- Mathura Pur)

NAME OF WORK
GEO-TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR EVALUATION OF BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL FOR

CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW PROJECT AT KALIBARI, KHAGARIA.

SOIL TEST AND FOUNDATION DESIGN

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified Company)

Sahara Godown Road, Gulzarbagh

P.S. -Agamkuan, Dist. -Patna (800007)

Ph.: 7033049157

E-mail: info@stfd.in/ stfdindia@gmail.com

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Disclaimer: This work belongs to STFD and no part of this work may be reproduced or used without the prior written permission of STFD.
 Page 2 of 28

BRIEF DETAIL OF PROJECT SITE

CLIENT MRS. SANJU DEVI W/o MR. YOGENDRA KUMAR SINGH.

Letter No. Nil

CONSULTANT Nil
Geo-technical investigation for evaluation of bearing capacity of soil for
NAME OF WORK Construction of a New Project at Kalibari, Khagaria.

JOB S No. STFD/YKS/0107021 Report Date 07/07/2021

Report No. 0107021/Civ/0707021 SAMPLE No.: See Summary Sheet

REF. CODE IS : 2720, IS : 1892 – 1997, IS-2911-2010

LOCATION Kalibari, Khagaria. BORE HOLE DEPTH: Up-to 15.0 meter

BOREHOLE ID BH-1/BH-2/BH-3 BORE HOLE IN: Natural Ground

BOREHOLE DIA 150 mm WATER TABLE: 9.0 m/9.5 m/9.3 m.

TYPE OF BORING Rotary Boring WITH SPT BENTONITE: Nil

FIELD WORK
29-06-2021 TYPE OF CASING: Guide Casing
STARTING DATE
FIELD WORK
30-06-2021 DIA OF CASING: 150 mm
COMPLETION DATE

No. OF BORE HOLE 3 DEPTH OF CASING: 3.0 m

 Page 3 of 28

CONTENT

SR. NO. PARTICULARS PAGES

1. Brief Detail Of Project Site 2-2

2. Preface 4-4

3. Location and General Geology 5-6

4. Introduction 7-7

5. Sub Surface Exploration And Field Test 8-9

6. Discussion on Laboratory Test 10-13

7. Soil Profile And Bore-log (Depth Vs. SPT Graph) 14-20

8. Summary of Test Result 21-24

9. Discussion of Recommendation 25-25

10. Sample Calculation 26-27

11. Site Image 28-28

 Page 4 of 28

2.0 Preface
In the following pages we have presented the report with analysis, prepared from the thorough study of geotechnical
investigation results.

The detail scope of work was decided by the client/consultant. The test location detail is shown in the report.

A complete geotechnical investigation work was undertaken to obtain the required subsurface information to study
and define the nature and behavior of soil, under application of loads of proposed structures. Such information’s were
obtained through following steps:

 By making test bores and collecting disturbed and undisturbed soil samples
 By estimating ground water table in boreholes
 By performing required in-situ tests
 By testing the soil in laboratory to classify it and to determine the engineering properties of soil.

An analysis was made and conclusions are made regarding the nature, behavior and characteristics of soil.

Recommendations are also given after thorough and careful study of present soil conditions regarding the suitability
of type of foundation, and regarding the precautions and protective measures to be taken , if found necessary.
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3.0 Regional Geology

Under the phase III of National Aquifer Mapping programme (NAQUIM), a total of 17 blocks falling in Begusarai,
Bhagalpur, Khagaria, Lakhisarai and Munger districts have been taken up for detailed hydrogeological survey and
preparation of Aquifer Management plan. In the study, hydrogeological survey, geophysical investigations and
groundwater quality studies have been undertaken and the data generated have been used in conjunction with the
existing data available for the area in preparation of the aquifer maps and formulation of the aquifer management
plan. Area falling on the north of the River Ganga covering Begusarai and Khagaria districts, falls under the Agro-
climatic zone I and II and is characterised by sandy loam, loam and clay loam soils with pH range of 6.5-8.4. The areas
on the south bank of River Ganga covering Lakhisarai, Munger and Bhagalpur district falls under the agroclimatic zone
IIIA and is characterised by sandy loam, clay loam, loam and clayey soil with pH range of 6.8 - 8. The soils under the
influence of Burhi Gandak River are mostly calcareous having different amount of lime content in them. The soils in
general, except those of the diara lands and Tal lands, are moderately well drained to somewhat poorly drain.

3.1 Ground water Table& Water quality

In an agrarian district like Khagaria, with the majority of Population directly or indirectly depend upon agriculture, the
development of ground water for irrigation would help in enhancing the agriculture productivity. As the district is
underlain by potential aquifers and the stage of ground water development is low (43.5%), there is an ample scope of
ground water development. In the district ground water is developed by dugwells, filter point wells for domestic
purposes and by shallow tubewells, bamboo boring as well as by deep tube wells for irrigation purposes. Presently,
ground water for irrigation purpose is developed by 266659 shallow tube wells. Adequate power supply for
energisation of pump sets will be a key factor for ground water development. In the arsenic affected area, it is
advisable to tap the deeper aquifer for drinking water supply. Bamboo borings are generally 15-20 m deep and give
reasonable discharge.Shallow tubewells of 100mm dia. The aquifer system in the district is favourable for installation
of deep tube wells of 250mm dia., lowered to a depth of 80-100m and tapping 20- 30 m of granular zone.

3.2 Seismicity
Bihar region has prolonged seismic history and available records indicate the occurrence of earliest recorded
(historically) seismic event. The 1934 Bihar earthquake or 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake was one of the worst
earthquakes in India’s history. The seismic hazard map of India was updated in 2000 (4) by the Bureau of Indian
Standards (BIS). There are no major changes in the zones in Bihar. Districts such as Araria, Darbhanga, Madhubani,
Sitamarhi and Supaul lie in Zone V. The south-western districts of Aurangabad, Bhojpur, Buxar, Gaya, Jahanabad,
Kaimur, Nawada and Rohtas lie in Zone III. The remaining districts of Bihar, including the capital city of Patna lie in
Zone IV.Since the earthquake database in India is still incomplete, especially with regards to earthquakes prior to the
historical period (before 1800 A.D.), these zones offer a rough guide of the earthquake hazard in any particular region.

References:

 Geological Survey of India website.

 Annual Report, 2010-11- Central Ground Water Board (Ministry of Water Resources- Govt. of India).
 IS 2911 (Part 1/Sec 2) :
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4.0 Introduction
Mrs. Sanju Devi w/oMr. Yogendra Kumar Singh.Entrusted the work of Geo-technical investigation work for
Construction of a NewProject atKalibari, Khagaria.

The objective of the investigation was to determine sub-soil characteristic at site and evaluate soil parameter for
design and construction of foundation. The number and depth of borehole was decided by the client/consultant.
Three bore-holes was executed up to the depth of around 15.0 meter below the Natural Ground Level in order to
know the subsurface stratification, conducting necessary field tests and to collect disturbed and undisturbed soil
samples for laboratory testing.

The report has been prepared after careful study of all field and laboratory test data, and it deals with the geo-
technical properties of sub-soil. The remaining part of this report covers the field work, laboratory tests and discussion
and recommendation of foundation and other details such as Bore hole Log Sheet, Laboratory test results, Sub-soil
stratification and Graphical representation.

The actual field investigation work was started on29/06/2021 and completed on 30/06/2021.
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5.0 SUB SURFACE EXPLORATION

5.1 DRILLING:
Three boreholes of 150mm diameter were drilled up to the depth of 15.0 meter, 10.5 meter, 10.5 meter or if rock
were encountered up to that depth. Where caving of the borehole occurred, casing and betonies was used to keep the
borehole stable. The work was in general accordance with IS: 1892 – 1997.

5.1.1 DISTURBED SAMPLES:

Disturbed representative samples were collected, logged, labeled and placed in polythene bags.

5.1.2 UNDISTURBED SAMPLES:

Undisturbed soil samples were collected in 36 mm diameter thin walled sampler from the borehole. The sampler used
for the sampling had smooth surface and appropriate area ratio and cutting edge angle thereby minimizing the
disturbance of the soil sample during sampling. Samples were sealed, logged and labeled properly before transferring
it to the laboratory for further testing.

5.1.3 WATER TABLE:

Water table was encountered at the depth of 9.0 m, 9.5 m&9.3 m from the natural ground level as on 01/07/2021.
Seeing the water table and considering the hydro-geological data of the Central Ground Water Board the water table
is expected to lie below the base of the foundation. So, for all practical purpose of the calculation water table will be
considered at below ground level keeping all the seasonal variations in mind.

5.1.4 METHOD OF SAMPLING:

Sampler is coupled together with a sampler head to form a sampling assembly. The sampler head provide an on-
flexible connection between the sampling tube and the drill rods. Vent holes are provided in the sampler head to allow
escape of water from the top of sampler tube during penetration. The sampling tubes are made free from dust and
rust. Coating of oil is applied on both sides to obtain the undisturbed samples in best possible manner.

The sampler is then lowered inside the borehole on a string of rods and driven to a pre-determined level. On
completion of driving the sampler is first rotated within the borehole to shear the soil sample at bottom and then
pulled out. Upon removal of the sampling tubes, the length of sample in the tube is recorded. The disturbed material
in the upper end of the tube, if any, is completely removed before sealing.

The soil at the lower end of the tube is trimmed to a distance of about 10 to 20 mm. After cleaning and inserting an
impervious disc at each end, both ends are sealed. The empty space in the sampler, if any, is filled with the moist soil,
and the ends covered with tight wrapper. The identification mark is then made on each sample.
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5.2 STANDARD PENETRATION TEST:

The standard penetration tests are conducted in each bore as per IS: 2131:1981 (Reaffirmed 2002). The split spoon
sampler resting on the bottom of bore hole is allowed to sink under its own weight, and then the split spoon sampler
is seated 15 cm with the blows of hammer falling through 750 mm. The driving assembly consists of a driving head and
a 63.5 kg weight.
It is ensured that the energy of the falling weight is not reduced by friction between the drive weight and the guides or
between ropes. The rods to which the sampler is attached for driving are straight, tightly coupled and straight in
alignment. There after the split spoon sample is further driven by 30 cm. The number of blows required to drive each
15 cm penetration is recorded. The first 15 cm of drive considered as seating drive. The total blows required for the
second and third15cm penetration is termed as a penetration resistance- N value. The N-values for each borehole are
given in bore-logs.
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6.0 LABORATORY TEST

A. Laboratory Test for Soil

Water Sample
Disturbed Soil

Undisturbed
Soil Sample
Sample
SI.
Particulars or Properties Ref. IS Code
No.

Natural Moisture Content Test/Bulk/Dry

1. IS: 2720, 1992 Part 2 √
Density
2. Grain Size Analysis/Hydrometer IS: 2720, 1992 Part 4 √ √
3. Specific Gravity Test IS: 2720, Part 3 1992 √ √
4. Atterberg’s Limits Test IS: 2720, Part 5 1992 √
5. Shrinkage Limit IS: 2720, Part 6 1992
6. Direct Shear Test (for non-cohesive soils) IS: 2720, Part 13, 1992 √
7. Unconfined Compressive Strength Test IS: 2720, Part 10, 1991
8. Unconsolidated Un-drained Tri-axial Test IS: 2720, Part 11, 1992 √
Consolidated Un-drained / Consolidated
9. IS: 2720, Part 12, 1992
Drained Test (for cohesive samples)
Free Swell Value Test/ Swell Pressure Test (if IS: 2720, Part 40 1977 /
√
10. swelling is critical) IS: 2720, Part 41, 1977
One Dimensional Consolidation
11. IS: 2720 Part 15, 1992
Test(Cohesive soil below water table)
12. Chemical Analysis on Soil Samples IS: 2720 Part 26 & 27
Chemical Analysis on water samples
13. IS: 3025 Part 11, 24, & 32
collected from boreholes

Note: All field work, field tests, collection of samples and laboratory tests were carried out as per relevant IS specifications.
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6. A.1 Natural Moisture Content Test (IS: 2720, 1992 Part 2)

Test procedure conforms to IS: 2720-Part 2. A moisture cup is loosely filled with soil sample and weighed with lid. It is
then kept in oven with lid removed and maintained at temperature of oven at 110°C for 24hours. The lid of the
container is then replaced and the dry weight found out. The percentage of water content is calculated using the
formula.
W = ((W2 – W3) / (W3 – W1)) x 100
Where,
W1 = weight of container with lid, in g.
W2 = weight of container with wet soil, in g.
W3 = weight of container with dry soil, in g.
W = moisture content (%)
6. A.2 Grain Size Analysis (IS: 2720, 1992 Part 4)
Testing procedure generally conforms to IS: 2720 Part 4. Both sieve and hydrometer analysis has been carried out.
Sieve Analysis: Sieve analysis is done by wet sieving method. Oven dried soil is washed through 75m IS sieve. Fraction
retained was oven dried and particle size analysis carried out using sieve shaker by passing through the following IS
sieve: 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.70mm, 1.40mm, 1.00mm, 600µ, 425µ, 100µ, and 75µ respectively.
Hydrometer Analysis: 50g of soil 75m passing IS sieve was mixed with 3.3g passing sodium hexa-meta-phosphate and
0.7g sodium carbonate and soil suspension prepared. Suspension was made up to 1000ml distilled water and then
shaken thoroughly. Hydrometer is immersed to a depth slightly below its floating position and then allowed to float
freely. Hydrometer readings are taken at 10, 20, 30 and 45 sec, subsequently at 1, 2, 4, 8, 15 and 30 minutes and
finally at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hour interval. Diameter of the particle in suspension at any sampling time‘t’ is calculated
using “Stokes” formula and the percentage finer was calculated. In the semi log graph, silt and clay fractions are
indicated along with coarser fractions.
6. A.3Specific Gravity Test (IS: 2720, Part 3 1992)
The specific gravity of soil solids is determined by a 50 ml density bottle. The weight (W1) of the empty dry bottle is
taken first. A sample of oven-dried soil about 10-20 g cooled in a desiccators, is put in the bottle, and weight (W2) of
the bottle and the soil taken. The bottle is then filled with distilled water gradually removing the entrapped air either
by applying (W3) of the bottle, soil and water (full up to the top) is then taken. Finally the bottle is emptied completely
and thoroughly washed and clean water is filled to the top and the weight (W4) is taken.
G = (W2 – W1) / [(W4 – W1) – (W3 – W2)]

6. A.4Atterberg’s Limits Test (IS: 2720, Part 5 1992)

Liquid limit and plastic limit test on cohesive and semi cohesive samples has been done as per procedure in IS 2720
(Part 5).
Liquid Limit: Liquid limit and plastic limit test on cohesive has been done as per procedure in IS 2720 (Part5) using the
more “reliable cone penetrometer”, method where errors of grove cutting involved in Casagrande’s device are
minimized. In cone penetrometer test about 200 g of passing 425µ sieve is taken mixed with requisite water, placed in
cup and compacted lightly in 3layers. The tip of penetrometer is adjusted such that it just touches soil surface. The
needle is allowed to plunge slowly under its own weight for 5 seconds and penetration in mm is recorded. The water
content is adjusted such that penetration is between 20-30 mm. The following relationship is used to evaluate liquid
limit.
 Page 11 of 28

Plastic Limit: About 15g of oven dried soil passing through 425µ sieve is mixed with sufficient quantity of water to
become plastic enough to be easily shaped into a ball. A portion of this ball is rolled on a glass plate with the palm into
a thread of uniform diameter of 3mm. The corresponding water content represents the plastic limit of the soil.
Plastic Index: PI = Liquid limit – Plastic limit.

6.A.5 Shrinkage Limit (IS: 2720, Part 6, 1992):It is the maximum water content expressed as percentage of oven-dry
weight at which any further reduction in water content will not cause a decrease in volume of the soil mass is
calculated as follows:
SL = W – ((V – V0) / W0) x 100
Where,
SL = Shrinkage limit in %.
W = Moisture content of wet soil pat in %.
V = Volume of wet soil pat in ml.
V0 = Volume of dry soil pat in ml.
W0 = Weight of oven-dried soil pat in gm.

6. A.6 Direct Shear Test (IS: 2720, Part 13, 1992)

Direct shear test is carried out using shear box with the specimens (60mmx60mm). Specimen with plain grid plate at
the bottom of the specimen and plain grid plate at the top of the specimen is fitted in to position in the shear box
housing and assembly placed on the load frame. The serrations of the grid plates are kept at right angle to the
direction of shear. The loading pad is kept on the top grid plate. The required normal stress is applied and the rate of
longitudinal displacement shear stress application so adjusted that no drainage can occur in the sample during test
(1.25mm/min.). The upper part of the shear box is raised such that a gap of about 1mm is left between the two parts
of the box .The test is conducted by applying horizontal shear load to failure or to 20 percent longitudinal
displacement whichever occurs first. The test is repeated on identical specimens.

6. A.7Unconfined Compressive Strength Test (IS: 2720, Part 10, 1991)

For the determination of shearing strength a specimen may or may not be subjected to a lateral pressure during the
test. When it is not, the test is known as unconfined compression test. The purpose of this test is to obtain a
quantitative value of compressive and shearing strength of soils in an undrained state. After placing the specimen
under the plate, force shall be applied so as to produce axialstrain at a rate of 0.5 to 2 percent per minute causing
failure with 5 to 10. The force reading shall be taken at suitable intervals of the deformation dial reading.
The specimen shall be compressed until failure surfaces have definitely developed, or the stress-strain curve is well
past its peak, or until an axial strain of 20 percent is reached. The failure pattern shall be sketched carefully and shown
on the data sheet or on the sheet presenting the stress-strain plot. The angle between the failure surface and the
horizontal may be measured, if possible, and reported.
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6. A.8 Triaxial Shear Test (UU) (IS: 2720 Part 11, 1992)
The extracted specimen is then placed in triaxial cell pedestal. The cell is assembled and placed on loading machine. A
cell pressure through an operating fluid (oil) was applied. The plunger was made to have proper contact with
specimen. A compressive force at a constant strain rate of 1.25mm / min is applied, till the failure occurred within a
period of 5 - 15 minutes or till the failure of 20 % strain was removed, cell chamber cleaned and test continued on a
new specimen.
The test was repeated on three different specimens at three different cell pressures as per standard practice. Mohr-
Coulomb envelopes were drawn for three stress values recorded and total stress parameters interpreted from the
Mohr-Coulomb graph.

6. A.9 Free Swell Value Test (IS: 2720, Part 40 1977)

Free Swell Index Test was conformed as per IS: 2720 – Part – 40 - 1977. In this test 10 gm of soil passing IS sieve 42µ is
taken. Two graduated cylinders of 25 ml capacity are taken. One cylinder is filled with Kerosene oil and the other with
distilled water and soil. Remove entrapped air by shaking well and stirring using a glass rod. Allow the soil in both the
jars to settle for a sufficient time (not less than 24 hours) for the soil sample to attain equilibrium state of volume
without any further changes. Free swell index is calculated as follows:
F.S.I (%) = [(Vd – Vk) / Vk] x 100
Where,
Vd = The volume of soil sample read from the graduated cylinder containing distilled water.
Vk = The volume of soil sample read from the graduated cylinder containing Kerosene.

6. A.10Swell Pressure Test (IS: 2720, Part 41, 1977)

The swell pressure tests are carried out at field dry density with zero percent moisture content and by constant and
volume method. An oven dry soil specimen is compacted into the specimen ring with the specimen kept in between
two porous stone saturated in boiling water providing a filter paper between the soil specimen and the porous stones.
The loading block is then positioned centrally on the top of the porous stone. The assembly is then placed on the
platen of loading unit. The load measuring proving ring is attached to the load frame and placed in contact with the
consolidation cell without any eccentricity. A direct strain measuring dial gauge is fitted to the cell. The specimen is
then inundated with distilled water and allowed to swell. The initial reading of the proving rings noted. The swelling of
the specimen with increasing volume is obtained in the strain measuring load gauge. The specimen is kept at constant
volume by adjusting the strain dial gauge always at original reading. This adjustment is done at every 0.1mm of swell
or earlier. The swell pressure is then calculated from the difference between the final and initial dial readings of the
proving ring. Swell pressure (Kg / cm2) is calculated as follows: SP = ((Final Dial Gauge reading – Initial Dial Gauge
reading) / Area of specimen) x Calibration factor of the proving ring.

6. A.11 One Dimensional Consolidation Test (IS: 2720 Part 15, 1992)
Consolidation test was done to evaluate compressibility behavior of stiff / hard clayey silt. Procedure is described
below. The empty consolidation ring W1 is weighed. Representative sample for testing is extruded and cut off, care
being taken to ensure that the two plane faces of the resulting soil is care parallel to each other. The soil sample thus
obtained is trimmed flush with the top and bottom edges of the ring. A sample of soil similar to that in the ring taken
from the trimmings is used for determining moisture content. The thickness of the specimen (Ho) is measured and it is
 Page 13 of 28

weighed immediately (W2) .The bottom porous stone is centered on the base of the consolidation cell. The ring and
specimen is placed centrally on the bottom porous stone and then the loading cap is placed on top. The
consolidometer is placed in position in the loading device and suitably adjusted. The dial gauge is then clamped into
position for recording the relative movement between the base of the consolidation cell and the loading cap. A seating
pressure of 0.0625 kg / cm2 is applied to the specimen. The consolidation cell is filled with distilled water. The
specimen is then allowed to reach equilibrium for 24hrs.The test is continued using a loading sequence, which would
successively apply stress of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 kg / cm2 etc on the soil specimen For each loading increment
,after application of load, readings of the dial gauge are taken using a time sequence such as 0, 0.25, 4, 6.25, 9, 12.25,
16, 2; 25.25, 36 , 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225 min etc. up to 24 hr 1.1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60 min, 2, 4,
8 and 24hr. These time sequences facilitate plotting of thickness or change of thickness of specimen against square
root of time or against log time. The loading increment is left until readings become more or less constant .On
completion of the final loading stage the specimen is unloaded by suitable pressure decrements. Dial gauge readings
are taken as necessary during each stage of unloading. On completion of the decrement, the water is siphoned out of
the cell and the consolidometer is rapidly dismantled after release of the final load. The specimen, preferably with in
the ring, is wiped free of water, weighed (W3) and thereafter placed in the oven for drying. Following drying, the
specimen plus ring is reweighed (W4). E-log P curve is drawn and consolidation parameters deduced.
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GENERAL PROFILE FOR LOCATION:

General profile is

Bore-hole-1

 Stratum I Poorly graded sand silt mixtures from 0.0 m to 15.0 m.

Bore-hole-2

 Stratum I Poorly graded sand silt mixtures from0.0 m to 10.5 m.

Bore-hole-3

 Stratum IPoorly graded sand silt mixtures from0.0 m to 10.5 m.

Thickness of each layer encountered along with SPT (Standard Penetration Test- N-Value) range as case may be at
locations is in Bore-log section for the project.
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BORE LOG Report No. 0107021/Civ/0707021

(As per IS:1892:1979, IS:4453:1980 & IS:4464:1967) Period of Testing 01/07/21 To 07/07/21
Geo-Technical Investigation for evaluation of bearing capacity of soil
Project Borehole BH-1
for Construction of a New Project at Kalibari, Khagaria.
Depth of
Client Mrs. Sanju Devi w/o Mr. Yogendra Kumar Singh. Up to 15.0 m
Borehole
Location Khagaria. Depth of Casing 3.0 m
Dia of Borehole 150 mm Date of Starting 29/06/2021
Depth of GWT 9.0 m Date of Completion 30/06/2021

SPT v/s
Depth Thickness Sample Depth (m) SPT ‘N’ Value
Log Description Type Depth
M M No. From To 15 cm 15 cm 15 cm N Graph
0.0 ---- ---- 0.0
1.5 01 DS 5 6 8 14
2.5 02 DS Graph
3.0 03 DS 7 8 9 17 attached
4.0 04 DS
4.5 05 DS 9 11 13 24
5.5 06 DS
6.0 07 DS 9 12 14 26
7.0 08 DS
7.5 Poorly graded sand 09 DS 10 13 15 28
15.0 silt mixtures
8.0 10 DS
SM
9.0 11 DS 11 15 15 30
10.0 12 DS
10.5 13 DS 14 15 16 31
11.0 14 DS
12.0 15 DS 13 15 17 32
13.0 16 DS
13.5 17 DS 14 18 19 37
14.0 18 DS
15.0 19 DS 15.0 15 17 21 38

UDS: Undisturbed Sample CR: Core Recovery GWT:Ground Water Table

DS: Disturb Sample Value RQD: Rock Quality Designation SPT:Standard Penetration Test
N: Penetration Resistance Value PR: Rate of Penetration in Rock WS: Wash Sample
N’: Corrected Penetration Resistance
 Page 16 of 28

Geo-Technical Investigation for evaluation of bearing capacity of soil for Construction

Project: of a New Project at Kalibari,Khagaria.
Bore Hole No.: BH-1

Depth Vs SPT Value

Standard Penetration Test Values (N)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
0

14
2

17

4
24

6 26
Depth in mtr.

28
8

30

10
31

12 32

37
14

38

16
 Page 17 of 28

BORE LOG Report No. 0107021/Civ/0707021

(As per IS:1892:1979, IS:4453:1980 & IS:4464:1967) Period of Testing 01/07/21 To 07/07/21
Geo-Technical Investigation for evaluation of bearing capacity of soil
Project Borehole BH-2
for Construction of a New Project at Kalibari, Khagaria.
Depth of
Client Mrs. Sanju Devi w/o Mr. Yogendra Kumar Singh. Up to 10.5 m
Borehole
Location Khagaria. Depth of Casing 3.0 m
Dia of Borehole 150 mm Date of Starting 30/06/2021
Depth of GWT 9.5 m Date of Completion 30/06/2021

SPT v/s
Depth Thickness Sample Depth (m) SPT ‘N’ Value
Log Description Type Depth
M M No. From To 15 cm 15 cm 15 cm N Graph
0.0 ---- ---- 0.0
1.5 01 DS 5 7 6 13
2.5 02 DS Graph
3.0 03 DS 7 8 9 17 attached
4.0 04 DS
4.5 05 DS 8 10 11 21
Poorly graded sand
5.5 10.5 silt mixtures 06 DS
6.0 SM 07 DS 10 12 13 25
7.0 08 DS
7.5 09 DS 10 12 15 27
8.0 10 DS
9.0 11 DS 11 13 17 30
10.0 12 DS
10.5 13 DS 12 15 18 33

UDS: Undisturbed Sample CR: Core Recovery GWT:Ground Water Table

DS: Disturb Sample Value RQD: Rock Quality Designation SPT:Standard Penetration Test
N: Penetration Resistance Value PR: Rate of Penetration in Rock WS: Wash Sample
N’: Corrected Penetration Resistance
 Page 18 of 28

Geo-Technical Investigation for evaluation of bearing capacity of soil for Construction of a New
Project: Project at Kalibari,Khagaria.
Bore Hole No.: BH-2

Depth Vs SPT Value

Standard Penetration Test Values (N)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
0

13
2

17

4
21
Depth in mtr.

6 25

27
8

30

10
33

12
 Page 19 of 28

BORE LOG Report No. 0107021/Civ/0707021

(As per IS:1892:1979, IS:4453:1980 & IS:4464:1967) Period of Testing 01/07/21 To 07/07/21
Geo-Technical Investigation for evaluation of bearing capacity of soil
Project Borehole BH-3
for Construction of a New Project at Kalibari, Khagaria.
Depth of
Client Mrs. Sanju Devi W/O Mr. Yogendra Kumar Singh. Up to 10.5 m
Borehole
Location Khagaria. Depth of Casing 3.0 m
Dia of Borehole 150 mm Date of Starting 30/07/2021
Depth of GWT 9.3 m Date of Completion 30/07/2021

SPT v/s
Depth Thickness Sample Depth (m) SPT ‘N’ Value
Log Description Type Depth
M M No. From To 15 cm 15 cm 15 cm N Graph
0.0 ---- ----- 0.0
1.5 01 DS 5 7 8 15
2.5 02 DS Graph
3.0 03 DS 7 9 9 18 attached
4.0 04 DS
4.5
Poorly graded sand 05 DS 9 11 11 22
5.5 silt mixtures 06 DS
10.5
6.0 SM 07 DS 10 12 13 25
7.0 08 DS
7.5 09 DS 11 13 13 26
8.0 10 DS
9.0 11 DS 14 16 17 33
10.0 12 DS
10.5 13 DS 10.5 14 17 19 36

UDS: Undisturbed Sample CR: Core Recovery GWT:Ground Water Table

DS: Disturb Sample Value RQD: Rock Quality Designation SPT:Standard Penetration Test
N: Penetration Resistance Value PR: Rate of Penetration in Rock WS: Wash Sample
N’: Corrected Penetration Resistance
 Page 20 of 28

Geo-Technical Investigation for evaluation of bearing capacity of soil for

Project:
Construction of a New Project at Kalibari, Khagaria.
Bore Hole No.: BH-3

Depth Vs SPT Value

Standard Penetration Test Values (N)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
0

15
2

18

4
22
Depth in mtr.

6 25

26
8

33

10
36

12
 Page 21 of 28

GENERAL SUMMARY OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION OF SOIL FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW BUILDING AT KALIBARI, KHAGARIA. BH-1

Grain Size Analysis(Sieve Size, mm), % of Passing

Shear parameter
Sieve Analysis Hydrometer Analysis % of particle size

Compression Index
Atterberg’s Limit

Field Dry Density

Specific Gravity
I.S Classification of Soil

Swell Index

NMC
Sample No.

0.425

0.212

0.075

0.045

0.002

0.001
4.75

2.36

0.15
Depth, m

0.6

0.3
10
N Value
G S M&C
Type

LL PL PI
c φ

Kg/cm²

Degree
% % % mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm % % %
% - g/cc %

Cc
BH-1/1.5/1 DS 1.5 14 - - NA 100 99.0 92.4 76.9 67.1 54.8 47.9 32.5 16.7 - - - 1.0 82.3 16.7 - - - - -
BH-1/2.0/2 DS 2.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 28.5 - - 2.62 1.820 26.9
BH-1/3.0/3 DS 3.0 17 - - NA 100 99.0 91.8 75.4 64.2 52.1 42.9 31.4 15.8 - - - 1.0 83.2 15.8 - - - - - - -
BH-1/4.0/4 DS 4.0 0.0 28.9 2.62 1.821 27.4
BH-1/4.5/5 DS 4.5 24 - - NA 100 100 91.0 81.3 65.8 50.1 40.7 28.9 14.2 - - - 0.0 85.8 14.2 - - - - -
BH-1/5.0/6 DS 5.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 29.1 - - 2.62 1.821 28.1
SM

BH-1/6.0/7 DS 6.0 26 - - NA 100 100 90.4 82.5 64.2 48.7 42.1 27.4 15.0 - - - 0.0 85.0 15.0 - - - - - -

-
BH-1/7.0/8 DS 7.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 30.4 - 2.63 1.822 29.4

-
BH-1/7.5/9 DS 7.5 28 - - NA 100 100 90.1 81.7 62.9 45.1 40.8 24.1 13.9 - - - 0.0 86.1 13.9 - - - - - -

-
BH-1/8.0/10 DS 8.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 31.0 - 2.63 1.830 30.2

-
BH-1/9.0/11 DS 9.0 30 - - NA 100 100 89.7 76.4 61.9 42.8 29.6 23.4 14.0 - - - 0.0 86.0 14.0 - - - - - -

-
BH-
DS 10.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 31.5 - 2.64 1.831 30.7

-
1/10.0/12
BH-
DS 10.5 31 - - NA 100 100 84.3 74.8 60.8 41.0 25.4 22.7 12.8 - - - 0.0 87.2 12.8 - - - - - -

-
1/10.5/13

Abbreviation :
LL - Liquid Limit (%) G - Gravel C – Cohesion (kg/cm²)
PL – Plastic Limit (%) S - Sand Φ – Angle of Internal Friction
PI – Plasticity Index (%) M - Silt
NA – Not Applicable C - Clay
NP – Non Plastic

Tested by: Abikesh Kr Checked By : Technical Manager

 Page 22 of 28

GENERAL SUMMARY OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION OF SOIL FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW BUILDING AT KALIBARI, KHAGARIA. BH-1

Grain Size Analysis(Sieve Size, mm), % of Passing

Shear parameter
Sieve Analysis Hydrometer Analysis % of particle size

Compression Index
Atterberg’s Limit

Field Dry Density

Specific Gravity
I.S Classification of Soil

Swell Index

NMC
Sample No.

Depth, m

0.425

0.212

0.075

0.045

0.002

0.001
N Value

4.75

2.36

0.15
0.6

0.3
10
G S M&C
Type

LL PL PI
c φ

Kg/cm²

Degree
% % % mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm % % %
% - g/cc %

Cc
BH-
1/12.0/14
DS 1.5 32 - - NA 100 100 93.4 89.1 76.8 64.9 59.8 42.1 13.1 - - - 0.0 86.9 13.1 - - - - -
BH-
1/13.0/15
DS 2.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 32.1 - - 2.64 1.832 31.8
BH-
SM

1/13.5/16
DS 3.0 37 - - NA 100 100 92.8 87.4 75.3 63.1 53.1 39.8 12.9 - - - 0.0 87.1 12.9 - - - - - - -
BH-
1/14.0/17
DS 4.0 0.0 33.4 2.64 1.832 32.9
BH-
1/15.0/18
DS 4.5 38 - - NA 100 100 91.1 83.6 72.8 62.0 52.2 37.1 12.2 - - - 0.0 87.8 12.2 - - - - -
Abbreviation :
LL - Liquid Limit (%) G - Gravel C – Cohesion (kg/cm²)
PL – Plastic Limit (%) S - Sand Φ – Angle of Internal Friction
PI – Plasticity Index (%) M - Silt
NA – Not Applicable C - Clay
NP – Non Plastic

Tested by: Abikesh Kr Checked By : Technical Manager

 Page 23 of 28

GENERAL SUMMARY OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION OF SOIL FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ANEW BUILDING AT KALIBARI, KHAGARIA. BH-2

Grain Size Analysis(Sieve Size, mm), % of Passing

Sieve Analysis Hydrometer Analysis % of particle size
Atterberg’s Limit

Shear parameter

Compression Index

Field Dry Density

Specific Gravity
I.S Classification of Soil

Swell Index

NMC
0.425

0.212

0.075

0.045

0.002

0.001
Sample No.

4.75

2.36

0.15
0.6

0.3
10
Depth, m

G S M&C
N Value
Type

LL PL PI
c φ

Kg/cm²

Degree
% % % mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm % % %
% - g/cc %

Cc
BH-2/1.5/1 DS 1.5 13 - - NA 100 99.0 94.3 88.4 72.1 65.3 58.1 38.4 17.1 - - - 1.0 81.9 17.1 - - - - -
BH-2/2.0/2 DS 2.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 27.4 - - 2.62 1.820 28.1
BH-2/3.0/3 DS 3.0 17 - - NA 100 100 93.5 87.4 71.0 64.1 54.7 32.3 16.4 - - - 0.0 83.6 16.4 - - - - - - -
BH-2/4.0/4 DS 4.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 28.5 - - 262 1.821 29.4
BH-2/4.5/5 DS 4.5 21 - - NA 100 100 92.1 84.0 68.4 58.9 42.1 30.8 15.8 - - - 0.0 84.2 15.8 - - - - -
BH-2/5.0/6 DS 5.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 29.1 - - 2.63 1.822 30.0
SM

BH-2/6.0/7 DS 6.0 25 - - NA 100 100 90.7 82.6 65.1 53.1 40.9 28.5 13.2 - - - 0.0 86.8 13.2 - - - - -

-
BH-2/7.0/8 DS 7.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 30.7 - 2.63 1.830 31.5

-
BH-2/7.5/9 DS 7.5 27 - - NA 100 100 91.4 81.1 70.2 62.9 48.5 27.0 12.9 - - - 0.0 87.1 12.9 - - - - - -

-
BH-2/8.0/10 DS 8.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 31.0 - 2.64 1.832 32.3

-
BH-2/9.0/11 DS 9.0 30 - - NA 100 100 90.2 80.2 67.2 58.2 41.1 23.8 13.7 - - - 0.0 86.3 13.7 - - - - - -

-
BH-
DS 10.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 31.5 - 2.64 1.832 33.0

-
2/10.0/12
BH-
DS 10.5 33 - - NA 100 100 90.0 79.4 63.2 54.1 40.8 21.0 13.0 - - - 0.0 87.0 13.0 - - - - - -

-
2/10.5/13

Abbreviation :
LL - Liquid Limit (%) G - Gravel C – Cohesion (kg/cm²)
PL – Plastic Limit (%) S - Sand Φ – Angle of Internal Friction
PI – Plasticity Index (%) M - Silt
NA – Not Applicable C - Clay
NP – Non Plastic

Tested by: Abikesh Kr Checked By : Technical Manager

 Page 24 of 28

GENERAL SUMMARY OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION OF SOIL FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW BUILDING AT KALIBARI, KHAGARIA. BH-3
Grain Size Analysis(Sieve Size, mm), % of Passing
Atterberg’s Sieve Analysis Hydrometer Analysis % of particle size

Shear parameter

Compression Index
Limit
I.S Classification of Soil

Field Dry Density

Specific Gravity
Swell Index
Sample No.

NMC
Depth, m

0.425

0.212

0.075

0.045

0.002

0.001
4.75

2.36

0.15
N Value

0.6

0.3
10
G S M&C
Type

LL PL PI
c φ

Kg/cm²

Degree
% % % mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm % % %
% - g/cc %

Cc
BH-
3/1.5/1
DS 1.5 15 - - NA 100 100 98.5 84.3 79.6 64.2 53.3 32.9 15.0 - - - 0.0 85.0 15.0 - - - - -
BH-
3/2.0/2
DS 2.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 29.1 - - 2.62 1.821 28.7
BH-
3/3.0/3
DS 3.0 18 - - NA 100 100 96.1 83.5 77.7 63.4 52.2 31.1 14.2 - - - 0.0 85.8 14.2 - - - - - - -
BH-
3/4.0/4
DS 4.0 0.0 29.9 2.62 1.821 29.2
BH-
3/4.5/5
DS 4.5 22 - - NA 100 100 96.4 82.7 75.7 62.8 51.1 30.7 13.8 - - - 0.0 86.2 13.8 - - - - -
BH-
3/5.0/6
DS 5.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 30.7 - - 2.63 1.822 30.1
BH-
SM

3/6.0/7
DS 6.0 25 - - NA 100 100 95.1 81.4 74.3 61.9 50.8 28.5 13.1 - - - 0.0 86.9 13.1 - - - - -
BH-
3/7.0/8
DS 7.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 31.2 - 2.63 1.831 31.0
BH-
3/7.5/9
DS 7.5 26 - - NA 100 100 94.3 80.7 73.1 60.5 48.1 26.8 14.2 - - - 0.0 85.8 14.2 - - - - - -
BH-
3/8.0/10
DS 8.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 32.3 - 2.63 1.832 32.8
BH-
3/9.0/11
DS 9.0 33 - - NA 100 100 93.4 81.1 72.8 59.6 43.2 25.0 14.8 - - - 0.0 85.2 14.8 - - - - - -
BH-
3/10.0/1
DS 10.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 33.7 - 2.64 1.832 33.5
2
BH-
3/10.5/1
DS 10.5 36 - - NA 100 100 93.0 80.8 70.2 53.3 42.1 24.1 12.1 - - - 0.0 87.9 12.1 - - - - - -
3
Abbreviation :
LL - Liquid Limit (%) G - Gravel C – Cohesion (kg/cm²)
PL – Plastic Limit (%) S - Sand Φ – Angle of Internal Friction
PI – Plasticity Index (%) M - Silt
NA – Not Applicable C - Clay
NP – Non Plastic

Tested by: Abikesh Kr Checked By : Technical Manager

 Page 25 of 28

Recommendation
The proposed structure may be provided with either shallow foundations [strip,
square or raft].

The net allowable bearing pressure of a footing of any size and depth may be
calculated by standard methods using the relevant BIS Code and soil properties reported
herein.

By way of example, the values of safe capacities of (1) shallow foundations of

certain sizes and different depths have been calculated (vide Samples of Calculations in
Appendix F) and are tabulated below.

Table 1: Allowable Net Bearing Pressures [qna] and Settlements Expected [s]

Depth Net allowable bearing pressure (t/m2)

(m)
Width Maximum expected
below
(m) Strip footing Square footing Raft footing settlement (mm)
Ground
Level

2 11.8 11.0 -- 50

1.5 3 13.8 12.1 -- 50

10 -- -- 10.7 50

2 14.4 14.1 - 50

2.0 3 *15.0 *15.0 -- 50

10 -- -- 11.1 50

2 *15.0 *15.0 -- 50

2.5 3 *15.0 *15.0 -- 50

10 -- -- 11.6 50

(*) marked as recommended SBC, Calculated SBC is greater than recommended.

Notes:

1. If a subsoil condition much different from those reported herein is met with during

Foundation trenching, suitable steps should be taken.

2. The foundation trenches may have to be properly braced in the sandy subsoil.
 Page 26 of 28

SAMPLE CALCULATION OF BEARING CAPACITY OF SHALLOW FOUNDATION

The determination of the net safe bearing capacity, qns, is done first on the basis of the shear failure criterion
after dividing the value of the net ultimate bearing capacity qnf, calculated as described below, by a suitable factor
of safety. The net soil pressure, q s, for a given permissible settlement is then calculated as explained in the next
section. The lower of the two values, qns and q s, thus determined is taken as the allowable bearing capacity of the
soil.

1. Shear Failure Criterion. The net ultimate bearing capacity qnf (t/m2) of a shallow foundation of breadth B (m)
and depth D (m) is given as per IS: 6403-1981 (Sec.5.1.2) by the following equation:

qnf = c Nc sc dc Ic + q (Nq - 1) sq dq Iq + 0.5  B N s d I w

where c = cohesion (t/m2 )

q = effective surcharge (t/m 2 )

 = unit weight of subsoil (t/m 3 )

Nc,N,Nq= bearing capacity factors, which are functions of  the angle of internal friction of the soil
sc ,sq ,s = shape factors

dc ,dq ,d  = depth factors related to cohesion, surcharge and density of subsoil respectively

Ic ,Iq, I = inclination factors

w = water table factor (= 0.5 to 1.0) depending on the depth, Dw of water table- vide Table below.

The bearing capacity factors (N’s) are functions of the angle of internal friction of the soil. Their values are
found for general shear failure by referring to standard tables. If subsoil conditions are such as to lead to local shear
failure, the values of these factors are found for a reduced value of angle of internal friction ( ’) given by the
equation : tan ’ = 0.67 tan  The value of cohesion is also reduced to c’ = 0.67 c.

The values of the other factors for usual conditions are as tabulated below:

sc = 1.3 1+0.2B/L 1 dc = 1+ 0.2 (Nf )0.5 D/ B Dw at G.L. Fou'dn.Level

sq = 1.2 1+0.2B/L 1 dq =d 1 for f<10o w= 0.5 1

sg = 0.8//0.6 1-0.4B/L 1
0.5
dq =d 1+ 0.1(Nf ) D/ B f>10o Interpolation between

FOR sq.// O Rect. STRIP Ic ,Iq, I = 1 for vertical load these values is linear.

In the present case, the representative values of cohesion © and angle of internal friction (of the soil may
be obtained from the soil data given earlier.

One example of calculation for a certain depth and width of a strip or square footing is given in the Table A
on the next page. Full submergence of the soil has been assumed. The safe bearing capacity, qns has been obtained
by dividing qnf by a safety factor, 3.0. The net safe bearing capacity for a footing of the selected size and depth of
footing is to be seen in its last column. Calculations of safe bearing capacities for other depths and widths of
footings are done similarly.
 Page 27 of 28

2 Calculation of allowable bearing capacity based on settlement criterion

The net soil pressure, qs ( t/m2 ) for a permissible settlement of 25 mm is given by Teng’s formula:

qs = 3.5 [N’’ – 3] [ (B + 0.3)/ 2 B ]2 w’ Fd t/m2

where N’’ = corrected value of N from SPT

Fd = [1 + D/B] < or = 2

D, B and w’ are as defined before.

For a permissible settlement of S mm, the allowable bearing capacity

q’s = Sqs /25

The corrected SPT N” values used in the calculations based on the above formula for different depths below
G.L. may be found from the recorded data.

The N” value used in any case is to be for the influence zone below the footing, which depends on its width.
A sample of calculation of the allowable soil pressure for the chosen size and depth of footing and for the
permissible settlement is given in Table B in the next section.

The net allowable bearing pressure will be the lower of the values of bearing pressures found in the
two Tables A and B.

Table A

Calculation of Net Safe Bearing Pressure [based on shear failure criterion]

Shape of F.S.= , t/m3 c= = Nc = Nq = N

Foundation: STRIP 3 1.82 0 27.4 24.66 13.78 15.33

dq = I II III
D [m] B [m] dc dg c q Term Term Term qnf qnf /F
1.5 2 1.25 1.123 0 1.365 0.00 19.61 15.65 35.26 11.75

Table B

Calculation of Net Allowable Bearing Pressure [based on settlement criterion]

The adjoining Table and the

D B Fd = N" w' qs =25 S qs = S comments
m m t/m2 mm t/m2 below it are for a footing of depth, D =
1.5 2.0 1.75 13 0.5 10.125 50 20.2511.5 m, and width, B [m] = 2.0
The value of allowable bearing pressure from the above Table for s = 50 mm is = 20.3 t/m2
The value of safe bearing capacity from shear criterion as found from Table A = 11.8 t/m2
Hence the allowable bearing pressure for settlement, s= or < 50 mm will be = 11.8 t/m2

The calculations for other depths and widths of footing are similar.
 Page 28 of 28

***END OF REPORT***