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7/15/2021 Class 11 History Notes Chapter 1 From the Beginning of Time - Learn CBSE

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Class 11 History Notes Chapter 1 From the


Beginning of Time

July 22, 2019 by Bhagya

Class 11 History Notes Chapter 1 From the Beginning


of Time
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The origin of human beings can be divided into many stages.
Subgroup of a larger group of mammals is known as Primates. Rational Numbers
About 36-24 mya, Primates existed in Asia and Africa.
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The existence of Hominoids can be traced by about 24 mya.
Apes came under Hominoids and had comparatively smaller brain. TOP Universities in India
Hominoids had four legs. Although they moved on their four paws but were unable to walk erect.
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Hominids which
evolved from Hominoids originated in Africa in 5.6 mya.CBSE ENGLISH IMPORTANT NCERT 30% CUT -TOP
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The Hominids belonged to Hominidae family. Coding for Kids


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Hominids
subdivided
are further RD SHARMA
CLASSknown
into branches 12
asCLASS
genus.11
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Math Riddles for Kids with Answers
Homo is originally a Latin word which means ‘man’. Homo came into existence approximately in 2.5
mya. Their fossils General Knowledge for Kids
date back to 2.2 mya to 1.8 mya.
General Knowledge
Homo habilis were more intelligent in comparison to Australopithecus.
Homo erectus were familiar with the art of walking. Scholarships for Students
In many parts of Asia and Africa, fossils of Homo erectus have been found.
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Homo sapiens were the modern men. They were intelligent and wise.
Homo sapiens came into existence between 0.19 to 0.16 mya. Class 12 Maths NCERT Solutions
Fossils of Homo habilis have been found at Omo in Ethiopia and at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. The
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fossils of Homo
erectus have been found in Africa and Asia. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths
Homo sapiens were quite intelligent. They used sophisticated tools and languages.
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Homo neanderthalensis were also called Neanderthal men. Because their fossils have been found in
Neander valley in Germany. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths
Terra Amata in Southern France gives the most important evidence. The hut was made of thatch.
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The life of early men underwent a sea change due to the discovery of fire.
Chesowanja in Kenya and Swartkrans in South Africa are the places where the traces of the use of fire NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths
have been found.
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The tools of early men were made of stones. The tools constituted hand axes, choppers and flake
tools. NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science
The earliest evidence of stone tools were found in Ethiopia and Kenya.
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About 21,000 years ago, sewing needle was invented.
The art of speech helped the man to develop culturally. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science
The early human beings painted the pictures of flora and fauna, sun, moon, rivers and their daily
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activities.
Paintings were done on the walls and roofs of the caves. Altamira, Lascaux and Chauvet are NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics
considered to be the earliest famous cave paintings.
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The early humans also made small sized sculptures.
The Hadza were also fond of hunting and lived around the salty lake, Lake Eyasi. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics
Altamira is a cave site in Spain.
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Marcelino Sanz deSautula and his daughter Maria brought into notice the cave paintings.
Mary and Louis Leakey identified Otduvai. CBSE ENGLISH IMPORTANT NCERT 30% CUT - NEW MCQ NUMBERS
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Some historians think that ethnographic data cannot be used without understanding of the past
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society.
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Ethnography stands for the analytical study of contemporary ethnic society.
The early humans were completely dependent on nature.
They gathered food by fishing and hunting.
Hooks and harpoons were used to gather small and large fishes.
Early men lived on trees, in caves and later on in huts.
Early men began to live in caves around 400,000 years ago.
Cave Lazaret is the earliest example of cave dwelling. It is in Southern France.

Important terms:

Fossils: The remains of ancient plants, animals and humans which have become hard and turned into NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1
rock.
Species: A group of organisms that can be bred to produce healthy and fertile offspring which are NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2
divided smaller than Genus. Metals and Nonmetals Class 10
Primates: They are subgroup of a larger group of mammals, and have a long gestation period
followed by birth, mammary glands, different types of teeth, and ability to maintain a constant body carbon and its compounds class 10
temperature.
Periodic Classification of Elements Class 10
Artefacts: Objects made by human beings such as tools, painting, sculpture, engravings, etc.
Anthropology: A branch of science which deals with human culture and evolutionary aspects of Life Process Class 10
human biology. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7
Ethnography: The study of contemporary ethnic group. It studies the modes of livelihood, gender,
political institutions, social customs, etc. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8
Australopithecus: Southern apes. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9
Homo: A Latin word which means man.
Homo erectus: Human who could walk erect on their legs. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10
Homo sapiens: Wiseman, also known as modern humans. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 11

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Timeline 1 (mya)
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36-24 mya Primates; Monkeys in Asia and Africa
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24 mya (Superfamily) CBSE ENGLISH IMPORTANT NCERTapes30% CUT -NCERT


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CLS 6 7 8 9 10 Hominoids;
11 12 Gibbons,
NOTES Asian orang-utan
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Class 10 Science Chapter 15

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6.4 mya Branching out of hominoids and hominids

5.6 mya Australopithecus

2.6-2.5 Earliest stone tools

Cooling and drying of Africa, resulting in decrease in woodlands and


2.5-2.0
increase in grasslands

2.5-2.0 mya Homo

2.2 mya Homo habilis

1.8 mya Homo erectus

1.3 mya Extinction of Australopithecus

0.8 mya ‘Archaic’ sapiens, Homo heidelbergensis

0.19-0.16 mya Homo sapiens (modern humans)

Timeline 2 (years ago)

Earliest evidence of burials 300,000

Extinction of Homo erectus 200,000

Development of voice box 200,000

Archaic Homo sapiens skull 7in the8 Narmada CBSE ENGLISH IMPORTANT NCERT 30% CUT - NEW MCQ NUMBERS
CLS 6 9 10valley,
11 India
12 NOTES GRAMMAR 200,000-130,000
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Emergence of modern humans 195,000-160,000


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Emergence of Neanderthals 130,000

Earliest evidence of hearths 125,000

Extinction of Neanderthals 35,000

Earliest evidence of figurines made of fired clay 27,000

Invention of sewing needles 21,000

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Class 11 History Notes


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