WWC Work Area

August 2020

Introduction to 5G
Wireless Wireline
Convergence

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 5G WWC - Guiding Principles
Smooth Migration Path

Wireline
Access Full Support
Network
Transformation
5G
Introduction
Core Network

Loose Coupling and minimal impacts Maximize Addressable Market

between Access Network and Core Network

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Guiding Principles → key decisions

▪ FN-RG support
→ decouple CPE roll out from 5GC upgrade, support BYOD
→ Network “vouches” for legacy CPE, uses line-ID as subscription identification
→ Minimize core changes by “proxying” UE behavior
▪ Dual mode AGF
→ plug anything in, get 5G out
▪ Connect to existing access kit (PON, DSL)
→ AGF connects to existing TR-101/178 networks
→ Support L2 wholesale and gov’t regulated access
→ But draws a box around protocol choices
→ PPPoE for NAS and 5WE for PDU sessions

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 • Wireline Access
High level Converged Architecture • Fixed Wireless Access
• Multi Access
• 5G UE behind RG

gNodeB

RG
e/gNodeB Control
Plane
Data
Data
Data
Network
User Network
Network
RG wireline AN Plane
UE MF
RG wireline AN
Converged
Wireline/5G
Residential Gateways
Mediation Functions 5G Core Network
(Legacy, 5G) (3GPP R16)
(AGF, FMIF)
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 Convergence Scenarios
5G-RG
Radio
(FWA)
(TR-124)
Access
Network
(3GPP)

5G-RG 5G Core
(Hybrid Access) (Control
(TR-124)
5G Plane,
Wireline User Plane,
Home Device
5G-RG AGF Services) Data
Home Device (Wired) (WT-456) (3GPP TS 23.501
Network(s)
etc.)
Home Device (TR-124)
Wireline
Access 5G
FN-RG Network
(Wired - Legacy) (TR-101 family, TR-178)
FMIF
(WT-457)
(TR-124)

FN-RG
BNG
(Wired - Legacy) (TR-92, TR-101, TR-178)
(TR-124)

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Key Functions and Interfaces
From TR-470

5GC
RAN N2 AMF SMF

Ta

TNGF
UE 5G-RG

ES TNAP ATSSS
AGF Proxy
N3
UPF N6 DN ACS
ATSSS
UE FN-RG
ES Nwu
N3IWF

UE FN-RG U/ Y5 V/ Y5 BNG A10 FMIF Proxy

XX – specified by BBF
ES YY – specified by 3GPP

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Wholesale Scenarios (Phase 1)

3rd Party
5G Operator
Access Provider

Access 5G
RG AGF
Node Core
VLAN

Access L
N 5G
FN-RG Node
LAC L2TP
S AGF
Core

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5G RG: What’s New?
✓ Integration with 5G Core control plane based on NAS/ N1 interface
✓ Common channel for session lifecycle maintenance
✓ Multiple PDU sessions
✓ Multiplexed within a VLAN
✓ 5G Traffic policies (mapping to PDU sessions)
✓ 5G QoS
✓ Adds a level of abstraction
✓ Support for 5G Devices in the Home
✓ 5G version of TR-291
✓ TR-069/TR-181 updates to manage and operate 5G RG
✓ 5G Radio support (optional) → FWA or Hybrid Access
✓ Multi-Access support with traffic bonding and access steering

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Stacks 5G-RG wireline

5G devices use a common authenticated

and ciphered control channel for all
connectivity life cycle management

All 5G-RG traffic needs to get across

existing access networks

NAS
AS

Ethernet
- May be 3PP operated

IPv4

IPv6
- Not easily amenable to new protocols
Fragmentation
- Will block unrecognized ethertypes
LCP EAP VSNCP VSNP - May snoop into Ethernet frames for IP
PPP PPP PID QoS information
PPPoE v1 5WE
Ethernet
Net result
CP UP - Existing protocols repurposed
- Ethertypes are unchanged
- Key protocol fields are where existing
ANs can find them
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Session Model (5G-RG)

Example of PDU sessions:

• Data
• Voice
• Gaming
• IoT
• Community WiFi
RG maps home traffic to
specific PDU sessions based
on URSP (sent by PCF) or
ACS (interfaced with PCF)
In Phase 1, FN-RG does not
support multi-session

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Problems and Solutions

▪ Mapping 5G QoS onto wireline traffic contracts

• Addressed by the RG-LWAC information “blob”
- Per subscriber in user data repository
- Opaque to 5GC, variations exist for BBF and Cablelabs
- Contains traffic class descriptions and how 5QI map onto them

▪ Identifying FN-RG subscriptions without credentials

• GLI and different trust model → option 82 info++
▪ Reduce unnecessary “packet fondling”
• Co-located AGF/UPF for wireline

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BBF Documentation Style

▪ WT-470 → Rosetta Stone

• Non-normative descriptions of how this all
hangs together and where things are
specified
▪ TR-124i6 CPE Requirements
• 5G support defined as a series of
requirements modules for a-la-carte
adoption
▪ WT-456/457 AGF/FMIF requirements
• Hybrid of BBF “requirements” style and
3GPP call flows illustrating BBF specifics
and calling out 3GPP specs as needed
▪ WT-458 is a WIP
▪ TR-181 CPE management model
• Theory of operation with a machine
compilable model definition.
Example IPv4oE FN-RG procedure 12
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Convergence Standardization Documents
2018 2019/20 (R16)

TR-124 RG Specification2, 3 TR-181 Device Data Models2

WT-470 Architecture
WT-456 AGF Requirements 3

Overview
SD-407 Study on WWC WT-457 FMIF Requirements

SD-420 i1 SD-420 i2 WT-458 CUPS for AGF

23.716 Study on WWC TS 23.316 + 23.501 / 23.502 / 23.503 / 29.244

33.807 Study on WWC Security 33.501 Security for 5G System Architecture

23.793 Study on ATSSS1 23.501 / 23.502 / 23.503

1 Multi Access 2 Updated issues of existing TRs 3 Requires IETF 5G WWC UP Encaps
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Management Decisions
Phase 1 KISS → minimum viable product
→ High running FN-RG support cases
→ Single IP session PPPoE or IPoE
→ Single access 5G-RG, either wireline or FWA
→ CPE, CPE management, AGF and overall architecture

Phase 2 → unlock value, expand addressable market, refine specifications

→ Multi-access scenarios, ATSSS, resilience, bandwidth aggregation
→ Expand FN-RG support; multi session
→ FMIF requirements to pull BNGs into the over all architecture
→ CUPS to expand deployment options

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Phase 2
▪ See 16.2 Issue List

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Convergence Roadmap

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

WWC Study
SD-407
WWC 16.1
WT-456, WT-470, TR-124i6, TR-181
WWC 16.2
WT-456bis, WT-470bis,
TR-124i7, TR-181, WT-
457, WT-458
Joint IETF 5WE
BBF/3GPP
Workshop
Release 15 – 5G Phase 1 Functional
Freeze

Release 16 – 5G Phase 2
WWC Studies WWC Specs
Release 17

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Document References
BBF (Members only - Requires login/password. Sign up here https://organizer.broadband-forum.org/users/sign_up)
SD-407 Study on 5G WWC https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-20777
WT-456 AGF Requirements https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-21155
WT-457 FMIF Requirements https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-21169
WT-458 AGF CUPS https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-21163
WT-470 WWC Architectural Overview TBD
MD-427 Convergence White Paper https://www.broadband-forum.org/marketing/download/mktgdocs/MR-427.pdf (PUBLIC)
MD-464 5G Migration of Fixed Access White Paper https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/MD-464+Migrating+Fixed+Access+to+5G+core
RG related Wiki https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/5G+Working+Text+Workspace
Wiki for 5G project stream (includes minutes of meetings) https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/5G+Project+Stream
IETF 5G FMC UP Encapsulation https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-allan-5g-fmc-encapsulation-00

3GPP
23.501 System Architecture of 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3144#
23.502 Procedures for 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3145#
23.716 Study on WWC https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3249#
23.316 WWC access in 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3576#

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 Getting Involved at BBF

Quarterly Meetings WWC Biweekly Calls

• Q3 ‘20 – August 31 – September 3 • Every 2nd Thursday between f2f meetings
• Q4 ‘20 – December 8-11 • 10am to 12pm EST / NY Time
• Q1 ‘21 – March 22-25 • Zoom web meeting
• Q2 ‘21 – June 7-10
https://wiki.broadband-
forum.org/display/BBF/WWC+Calendar

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Thank You.

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 5G WWC Phases* * Current plan of intend – subject to changes
Phase 1 - “16.1” Phase 2 - “16.2” Evolution
Q2-2020 Q4-2020 2021+
Wireline Integration in 5G Core Wireline Integration Enhancements Candidate Use cases for 5G Project
• AGF and 5G-RG requirements • Wholesale Stream (WWC and Other):
• Migration based on FN-RG support on AGF (line-id based • Other models (e.g. retailers on N9 side - TBD) • Services for devices in the home
state machine) and co-existence with BNG (per VLAN) • Multi-session per FN-RG (AGF adaptive case) • Community Wi-Fi
• Wholesale • VLAN user plane delineation for 5G-RG • Business/ Enterprise 5G Convergence
• 3rd party access networks via Ethernet or L2TP • IPTV (multicast) • Non-public networks
• Co-located and external UPF Multi-Access (Hybrid Access): Wireline + 5G Radio or LTE • 5G LAN
• NAS and AS Transport – 5WE over 1:1 VLAN • Single-access PDUs with handover wireline ↔ wireless • Network slicing enhancements
• Multiple PDU session support • Multi-access PDU, ATSSS • Edge cloud (deployment of AGF at
• AAA, Security • 5G-RG requirements edge)
• Procedures / call flows for 5G-RG and FN-RG • Co-located UPF requirements • Network analytics
• SUPI for FN-RG based on Global Line ID • 5G broadcast/multicast
5G capable UEs behind RG (5G-RG, FN-RG)
• QoS (QFI/RQI) and provisioning (RG-LWAC for AGF/DL • Service Based Architecture for AGF
• TNAP support in RG, TNGF
and 5G-RG/UL), Slicing • TBD: Ta interface specification
• 5G-RG management and Policy coordination PCF/ ACS Maintenance for 2020 specifications
(URSP support) – Data model extensions FMIF: interworking function between BNG and 5GC
5G Fixed Wireless Access AGF CUPS
• RG requirements • Functional split AGF-C/ AGF-U 5G WWC Reference implementation
• IPv4/IPv6 Addressing • PFCP IEs for WWC (build on TR-459)
• IPTV (multicast on RG), QoS and Policies • Support of CUPS for co-located UPF
Maintenance for Phase 1
TR-470 - 5G WWC Architecture TR-470i2 - 5G WWC Architecture TBD
TR-456 - AGF Requirements TR-456i2 - AGF Requirements
TR-124i6 - Requirements for RG TR-124i7 - Requirements for RG
TR-181i2a14 – Device DM for TR-069 TR-181i2aX - Device DM for TR-069
TR-457 - FMIF Requirements
TR-458 - CUPS for WWC Functions
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 Combined AGF-UPF

N3 ❹
gNB
N2 N4 N4

N9
❹ ❶ UPF3
N6
❶ UPF1
❶ ❷ N6 N4
❷
RG

❸ AGF ❸

N3 UPF2 N6
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Data-Plane and QoS (Downstream)

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Data-Plane and QoS (Upstream)

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Hybrid Access

NG-RAN, E-UTRAN (EPC IWK)

▪ Single Access PDU Sessions w/ Handover

▪ Multi Access PDU Sessions (ATSSS)

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Global Line Identifier (GLI)
Role:
• User Location Information (ULI)
• Subscription identifier for FN-RG (SUPI/SUCI)

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RG-LWAC
• RG-Level Wireline Access Characteristics
• Applies to both 5G-RG and FN-RG use cases
• Sent by AMF to AGF during Registration to program wireline QoS
• Part of it is communicated to 5G-RG for upstream QoS (N/A for FN-RG)
• AGF enforces downstream QoS based of combination of RG-LWAC and
local QoS profile
• TLV based encoding defined by BBF – see WT-470

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Migration: Line Id based State Machine on AGF

A:
1 Unknown
4
2 3
6
C: 5G-RG B: FN-RG

Class of CPE

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Data plane for 5G-RG

Application

PDU Layer PDU Layer

Relay Relay
5WE 5WE GTP-U GTP-U GTP-U GTP-U

802.1Q 802.1Q UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP

L2 L2 L2 L2 L2 L2

L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1

5G-RG AGF UPF UPF

(PDU Session Anchor)

V N3 N9 N6

Assumes 1:1 VLAN

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Data plane for FN-RG

Application

Relay PDU Layer

IP Session IP Session PDU Layer
Relay
GTP-U GTP-U GTP-U GTP-U
Wireline UP Wireline UP
Protocol Layers protocol Layers UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP

L2 L2 L2 L2

L1 L1 L1 L1

FN-RG AGF UPF UPF

(PDU Session Anchor)

V N3 N9 N6

Supports DHCP and IPoE models

1:1 and N:1 VLANs are supported
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Control Plane for 5G-RG During Registration

NAS NAS

EAP-5G EAP-5G NG-AP NG-AP

PPP PPP SCTP SCTP

PPPoE PPPoE IP IP
802.1Q 802.1Q
L2 L2 L2
L2
L1 L1 L1 L1

5G-RG V AGF N2 AMF

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Control Plane for 5G-RG After Authentication

NAS NAS
VSNP VSNP
(NAS and/or AS (NAS and/or AS NG-AP NG-AP
TLV) TLV)

PPP PPP SCTP SCTP

PPPoE PPPoE IP IP
802.1Q 802.1Q
L2 L2 L2
L2
L1 L1 L1 L1

5G-RG V AGF N2 AMF

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Control Plane for FN-RG

NAS NAS

NG-AP NG-AP
Wireline
Wireline
CP SCTP SCTP
CP
Protocol
Protocol IP IP
Layers
Layers
L2 L2

L1 L1

FN-RG V AGF N2 AMF

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FN-RG Attachment (e.g. DHCPv4)

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FN-RG Registration Management

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FN-RG Service Request Procedure

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FN-RG PDU Session Initiation

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5G RG Registration

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5G-RG Service Request

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5G-RG PDU Session Establishment
5G-RG AN AGF-UP AGF-CP 5GC

VSNP Channel Open

1
N2 uplink NAS
VSNP NAS (PDU SessionEstablishment Request) (PDU Session
Est. Req)

Step 2a in 3GPP
2 TS 23.316
Section 7.3.1.1

N2 PDU Session
Resource 3
Setup Request

Determine UP
resources needed

VSNP AS Session parameters and

VSNP NAS (PDU Session Establishment Accept)

VSNP AS ACK 5

N2 PDU Session
6 Resource
Setup Resp

Step 7 in 3GPP
7 TS 23.316
Section 7.3.1.1

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Acronyms
AGF 5G Access Gateway Function
ATSSS Access Traffic Steering, Switching & Splitting
CUPS Control and User Plane Separation
FMIF Fixed Mobile Interworking Function
5G-RG 5G Residential Gateway
FN-RG Fixed Network Residential Gateway
NG RAN Next Generation / 5G Radio Access Network
NAS Non Access Stratum
PDU Protocol Data Unit
UE User Equipment
W-AN Wireline Access Network
WWC Wireline Wireless Convergence
5FE 5G FMC User Plane Encapsulation Protocol

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