COLLECTION OF FORMULAE

(Square Root and Cube Root)

12 = 1 22 = 4 32 = 9
42 = 16 52 = 25 62 = 36
72 = 49 82 = 64 92 = 81
1 1 2  1  41421.....
102 = 100 112 = 121 122 = 144
3  1  73205..... 42 132 = 169 142 = 196 152 = 225
5  2  23606..... 6  2  44948..... 162 = 256 172 = 289 182 = 324
192 = 361 202 = 400 212 = 441
7  2  64575..... 8  2  82842..... 222 = 484 232 = 529 242 = 576
9 3 10  3  16227.... 252 = 625 262 = 676
A
272 = 729
282 = 784
312 = 961
292 = 841
322 = 1024
.J H
302 = 900
332 = 1089

.K
342 = 1156 352 = 1225 362 = 1296
1 =1 4 =2 9 =3
372 = 1369 382 = 1444 392 = 1521
16 =4 25 =5 36 =6 402 = 1600
432 = 1849
412 = 1681
442 = 1936M 422 = 1764
452 = 2025
Y
49 =7 64 =8 81 =9
462 = 2116 472 = 2209 482 = 2304
100 = 10 121 = 11 144 = 12 492 = 2401
B 502 = 2500
169 = 13 196 = 14 225 = 15
S
13 = 1 23 = 8 33 = 27

TH
256 = 16 289 = 17 324 = 18 43 = 64 53 = 125 63 = 216
= 19 = 20 = 21 73 = 343 83 = 512 93 = 729
361
= 22
400
= 23
441
= 24 A 103 = 1000 113 = 1331 123 = 1728
484
= 25
529
= 26
576
= 27 M 133 = 2197 143 = 2744 153 = 3375

n
625 676 729

784 = 28
= 31
841 = 29
1024 = 32
t io 900

1089 = 33
= 30
(H.C.F. & L.C.M.)

ca
961

1156 = 34 1225 = 35 1296 = 36

du
(L.C.M.)
1369 = 37 1444 = 38 1521 = 39

1600 = 40
E1681 = 41 1764 = 42

e r
1849 = 43 1936 = 44 2025 = 45
(H.C.F.)

re 
=
=




C a
31  1 38  2 3 27  3 =
= 




3 64  4 3 125  5 3 216  6 =  
3 343  7 3 512  8 3 729  9
(Average )
3 1000  10 3 1331  11 3 1728  12
(a) n
3 2197  13 3 2744  14 3 3375  15 n 1
=
2
(b) n
1
 n( n  1)  m n
 a m
2
n
m

= +1 n
2
n  (n  1) a
m n k
2
= +1
2
 mn  (a  n)k
n n
a A
H
(a) n

J
m n

(n  1)(2n  1) k
.
.K
6  m  n  (a  n)k
(b) n
a y

n(n  1)(2n  1)
M
(a) n
6

a
x

BY  ( y  ax )
y

n(n  1) 2
S
TH
6
x
(b) n
 y  ax
n( n 1)
2

A a m n
6
M t
m n
(n  1)
o n  ( m  n)  a  t
 m
2
t i a m n

ca
t
a, b, c, d, e, ..........., m

du
 ( m  n)  a  t
am a m b

E 2 n

er
a, b, c, d, p
e, .........., m

re am  b( n  p ) 

C a a

2
m n x
 m 

( x  1)
a 


 mn m ( x  1) n
a m
n   ( x  1)(m  n)
 mn n x m
a m n y m
z
2
m  m( y  z )  nx  m ( p  2k ) 
A  k
( m  1) nx m( y z )  mn 
x km/h y km/h
 n( p  2 k ) 
B  k
 mn 
2 xy
 A B
x y
m n
x y   ( p  2k )
m1 m2 m n
A B m:n


y (m1 m2 )
k p
A
x
x m2 A  p
m
m
n
.J H
m y n
B  p
m .K
n
n

A B
M
 xn  p
m
BY mn
n
(Age Problem ) S A B p

TH
k m:n

A B k  m( p  2 k ) 
 k
m:n
A A
 (m  n) 

A 
mk
M  n( p  2k ) 
 k
mn

o n B
 (m  n) 
B 
nk
mn
t i A B

ca
(m  n)( p  2k )
A B 
( m  n)

du
m n
 k A, B C p k
m n
A B
E m:n
m:n:v

er
k  m( p  3k ) 
A  k
 (m  n  v) 
A
re 
m
mk
n

C
B
a 
m
nk
n
B
 n( p  3k ) 
 k
 (m  n  v) 
 v( p  3k ) 
A B C  k
(m  n)k  (m  n  v) 
 A, B C p
m n
k m:n:v
A B p k
m:n

3
  m( p  3k )  A:B: C= P : q
A  k
 (m  n  v)  r : s
 n( p  3k )  pr : qr : qs
B  k
 (m  n  v)  A: B= p: q B :C = r: s C:D=
u:v
 v( p  3k ) 
C  k
 (m  n  v)  A:B: C: D= P : q
K A B m:n
r : s
(i) m1 : n1 A
m  k m1

n  k n1
pru : qru :
.J
u
H
qsu
:
:
v
qsv

.K
A: B= p: q B :C = r: s C:D=
(ii) p m1 : n1 u:v

m  k  p m1
A :B pr u : q sv
M p, q, r

n  k  p n1 s
BY
p:q::r:s
p:q::r:s
ps = qr

S
k
m qr
p

TH
n s
k (m  1) p s

mn
n
A q
r


k ( m  1) M r
ps
mn
o n q
K1
K2
A
A
B
B
t i m
n s
qr

ca
p

du
p, q r p q q
 K (n  1)  K1 ( m  1) 
B  2  r p:q::q:
 mn 
E
r

A
e r  m( K1  K 2 )(n  1)

 mn

 K1 

p
q2
r
,

re q pr

C a
(Ratio and Proportion ) r
q2
p
A:B= p:q B:C= m:n p, q, r s
A : C = pm : qn
A:B= p:q B:C= r:s

4
 qr  ps p q
 A B  k
( p  s)  (q  r ) ( p  q  r)
A B K p:q
q r
B C  k

p
k ( p  q  r)
A
pq
r p
C A  k

q
k ( p  q  r)
B
pq p:q
A B k
A

p q
( p  q)
k
p:r


.J H
pk

.K
A B p:q r q
k qk

p
k M 
r q

Y
A
p q p:q


q
k
m:n
B k
B
p q
S
TH
p  k  ( n  m)
A B 
pn  qm
pq

p q
k
A 
q  k  ( n  m)
A B p:q
M pn  qm
A k

o n u:v:w
p, q r
k
B 
q
p
k
t i
ca
u
p  k
p q pu  qv  rw
A B

d u p
k

v
k
E q
pu  qv  rw

er
p q
A B k w
p r  k
A, B
re C K p:q:r
pu  qv  rw

C a p
k
(Alligation)
A
( p q r)
x A Y
q B
B  k
( p  q  r) Z
A:B=
r
C  k
( p  q  r)

5
 x y x y m:n y
m1 : n1
x>y Z y>x Z x (mn1 m1n)
y
( m n) m1
z - y) x - z) (y - z) (z - x)
x A kg a1 : b1, a2 : b2
y B kg a3 : b3
z

 a1 a2 a3 
  
A
A B :
 x>y  ( a1 b1 ) (a2  b2 ) (a3  b3 ) 
z y xz
A

B
y>x
 b1
 
b2

b3 
 .J H
.K
yz zx  (a1 b1 ) ( a2  b2 ) (a3  b3 ) 
a%
x%
= 100 : x M
x
n%
m% c%
BY b%


x ( n  m)
S ac

TH

(100  n) (c  b )  ( a  c )
x m%
A
m p:q
n% n


x ( m  n)
M 
pm
(100  n)

o n qm  n( p  q )
x

t i y p q
k

ca
n

du
n =k q
 y
 x 1   p k
 x
x E a p:q u:v

e r
re b c

C a  a  b  c 
 x1  1  1  
 x  x  x 
 p
  
u   q
 :  
v 
 pq uv  pq uv


x (Partnership)
m:n y
m1 : n1
A, B C
x  ( m1n  mn1 )
y
( m  n)  n1 A B C =A
x B C

6
 A B n
 t 
 R 1  
A B =A B  100 
A B t% n
n
A B =A  A  t 
 R 1  
B  B  100 
A, B C t% n
A, m x B, n y
R
C, p z  n
 t 
A
A B C
1  
 m x : n y : p z  100 
A, B C t
.J H n

.K
n
A B C  t 
 R 1  
A A B B  1000 
C C t M n
(Percentage)
BY 
 R 1 
t 
 1000 

n

1 2 1 1 9 p S q x% q p

TH
4%  16 %  50%  90% 
25 3 6 2 10

A
1 1 11 19 x
5%  20 %  55%  95%    100
20 5 20 20 (100  x)
1 1 1 9 3 M A B x% B
6 %
4 16
22 % 
2 40
60%  100%  1
5
o n A

1
8 %
1
25% 
1 1 5
62 %  120% 
6
t i 
x
(100  x)
 100

ca
3 12 4 2 8 5
x%

du
1 1 3 2 2 5 y%
9 % 30%  66 % 125% 
11 11 10 3 3 4
 xy 
10% 
1 1
E1
33 %  70%
7
140% 
7 x y

%
100 

er
10 3 3 10 5 x%
1
11 %
re 1 1
37 % 
3
75% 
3
150% 
3 y%

C
9
1 a
12 % 
1
9

40% 
2
2 8 4

80% 
4
175% 
2
7

  x  y 

xy 
%
100 
2 8 5 5 4 x%
3 9 1 7 y%
15%  45%  87 %  200%  2
20 20 2 8  xy 
  x  y  %
R  100 
t% n NOTE :

x%
7
 x% x%

y%
 x2 
  % m
 100  m  (100  y )
(a) p 
(100  x)
t1% t2%
x%
t3%
y%
 t   t   t 
 p  1  1   1  2   1  3 
 100   100   100  m  (100  y ) A
(b)
t1%
p
t2%

(100  x)
.J H
.K
x%
t3%

 t   t   t 
 p  1  1    1  2   1  3 
 2x 
x2
M
Y
100
 100   100   100 
x
B x%
y
S x2

TH
 2x 
 yx  100
   100 %
A
x% y%
 y  z% m

y
x
M
o n 
100
100  ( x  y  z )
m
 x y
 

 100 %
t i x%

ca
 y  y% z%

y m
x%

d u m

E 
100

100

100
m

er

yx (100  x) (100  y ) (100  z )
100  m

re yx
1

a  x
(100  x)  m
C y
x%
m
a
y
1
z
m

xy x y z
    m
100  m ( x  1) ( y  a ) ( z  1)
x%
xy
 m
(100  x)  m
8
 y% n x%
y% m
100
  (m  n)
( y  x) m  100

x y
x% m x
y%
m%
m m  50 x ( y  m)
  100  
x% (100  x)% x  50
A m

y
x%
m t
x y%

.J H
 ( y  m) 
100 
x y
.K
x%
x
y%
xt
x M
z% m%
y
BY n%

m
S 
y  100  x(100  n)

TH
m 100 mn
( x y z) y  100  x(100  n)
m%
A 
mn
k
50  m
M x%

50  m
o n
t i  100  x 
3

ca
A B m% n%  100   
 100 

E du 
A m  B  n
100
(Profit & Loss and Discount)

e r 
A m  B  n
A B (P) = (SP) - (CP)

re x% y% (L) = (CP) - (SP)

C a  100  x 
(CP)
(CP)
=
=
(SP) -
(SP) +
(P)
(L)
    100 100
 100  y  
x
y% t 100


 x y  = -
 %
 x t  = +

9
 100

x2

100
100

x% y%
x y
100( x  y )  2 xy
 x y  
  100  % 200  x  y
x y
 y  Note
 yx  A
 
 y
100  %

yx
x%
.J H x%

.K
x y
x2
 2x 
100
 y
 
 x y

 100 %  (100  x) 2  M
x y
 
 100
BY
 100%

x%
S x%

TH
 y 
   100 % x y
 x y   x y

A
100
x y y x
 (100  x)(100  y ) 
 x2  y2  M 
 100
 100%

 
 y
2

o n
100 %

Note (+)
t i x

ca
1000  x
( )   100
x

du
x y m x% y%
m
n
E m

er
 nx  my    100
  100 % x y
 my 
Note
re (+)
x% y%

C a ( )
m


m
100
A x% B 'B', y% x y
C 'C', z% D m x% y%
m
A
m
100 100 100   100
   m x y
(100  x) (100  y ) (100  z )
x

x% x% 10
 y m
mx  y

x y m 1

2 x
m x% y m
y%
 x  my 
 
 100  x   m 1 
 m   
 100  y  x%, y% z%
( ) ()
A

 (100  x)  (100  y )  (100  z ) 
x
 100 

k%
100  100
m%
.J H %


x
10 x 25 50
mk .K

100  k
 100
M
 10 25  x  50
x% y%
BY
k% m%

 x y
x y
S 
 100  m 
 

TH
100  100  k 
m x% k% x%
y%
A y%

(100  x) (100  y ) M  (100  x )(100  y )



 100%
 m
100

100
o n  (100  k ) 
m x%
t i m%
k%

ca
y%
k m
 100  y    100%
 m

d u 
 100  x 
(100  k )
m
E
m x%
x% y%

r
n%

e e  100  y 
 m 

a r m
 100  x 
x%

(100  y )m
200  x  y
C y%
 100  y 
 m

(100  x)m
200  x  y

 100  x 
m
x% y%
x% x%

x y
11
 m(100  y ) mn
 
200  x  y nm
A B m n
m(100  x)
 A, k
200  x  y
x% (m  k )n
m B 
m
y%
A B m n
m  100 k

x y
(i) B A A
y%
z%
x%
m
 J H
mn  k (m  n)
.
.K
n
(ii) A B

m
(100  y ) (100  z ) 100  x
 
 M
mn  k (m  n)

100 100
x%
100 (iii) B
BY m

(n  k )m
y%
S 
n

TH
m z%
(iii) A


m
(100  y ) (100  z ) (100  x) A 
(m  k )n
m
100

100

100 M A B m
k
o n n

i
k A
x% y%
t
ca
m% n%
(m  k )n


du
x y  mn x y m n mn
A m

E k1

e r(Time & Work) B

(i) A
k2
B
A
reB

m  k2
m

C a n
(ii) B
m  k1  k 2

m n
 m k2
mn
m k1
A B m
A B n A A B
m
B A B
n

12
A B mn p

 mn mn  np  pm
A B m:n A, B C m
A k A B n
B
m C
 k
n mn

Note B k A nm
n A, B C m n
 k
m p
A
A B
k
m:n
(i) A k
.J H
.K
A np  k 
 1  
k (m  n) n p m

m (ii) B k
M
B


k (m  n)
BY 
mp  k 
1  
m p n

A B
n
m:n S
(iii) C k

TH
A B k
mn  k 
 1  
A
A m  n  p


n
k M (iv) A
k2
k1 B

B
m n

o n k1 k2
m
t i p 1
m n

ca
 k
m n (v) B k1 C
A
n
B

d u m k2
 k k 
k
E A B  m1  1  2 
 n p

er
1 1
: n:m (vi) C k1 A
m n

re A, B C
k2

C a m, n p
k
 k k 
 n1  1  2 
 p m
1 1 1 A, B C m n
: : p
m n p
np : mp : mn
(i) A k
A, B C
m, n p
mnp  k
  1  
mn  np  pm  m 
13
(ii) B k
mn  k1 k 2 
  1   
m  n  p m
mnp  k
  1   m
mn  np  pn  n 
(iii) C k n p

mnp  k
  1   
mnp
mn  np  pm  p
np  mn  mp
(iv) A k1 B (A + B) m (B + C)
k2 n (C + A)
A
mnp  k k 
P
(A + B + C)
.J H
.K
  1  1  2  2mnp
mn  np  pm  m n  
mn  np  pm
(v) B
k2
k1 C
 A M
mnp  k k 
 Y
2mnp
B
mn  np  pm
  1  1  2 
mn  np  pm  n p 
S B

TH
(vi) C k1 A 2mnp

k2  mn  np  pm
A  C


mnp  k k 
 1  1  2  M 
2mnp
mn  np  pm  p m

o n mn  np  pm
A, B C m n

t i p A
n
m
B

(i) A
u
k1 ca B

d
k2
A(m  n)

E ( A  B)

er
np  k1 k 2 
 1    A B C
n p m n 
e
n
(ii) B

a r k2
k1 C K

C 
pm  k1 k 2 
 1   
A
 (n  1).K
p  m  n p P
m
(iii) C k1 A n
k2 K

14
 Pm  K

mn 
xyz
A B x y xy  yz  zx
A, x
B A y
z

xyz
yz zx xy
A
=  .J H
.K
(Time, Distance & Train)

t v M d
(Pipe and Cistern)

x y (v) 
BY (d)
(t)
S
(d)  (v )  (t )


xy
x y
A TH(t) 
(d)
(v)
x
M x y

n
y


xy
t io 
2 xy

ca
yx x y
x y

du
A B
x A z
y
E B

er
3 xyz

xy 

re yx xy  yz  zx

C a x y Note

l
LCM x, y
x, y
z
z
LCM
z

y( x  z) 3 l
 
l l l
x  
A, B C x y z
x y z LCM = 120

15
 3  120 3 120 x
   24km  t
120 120 120 15 yx
 
20 30 24
x
t x
y
y
t

x y
t
x y
x
 t
2 x y x y
x y
t
A
k
x
x
y
.J H t

y
xt .K

yx M

k
x y
BY x
t1
x
S y

TH
t1 t2
y x  y  (t1 t2 )

t2
xy A x y

( y  x)
 (t1  t2 )
M x

x
o n t1
t1 y
t i t2 y
t2

ca 
x  y (t1  t 2 )

du
x y x t 2  y  t1
  (t1 t2 )
x y )
E
D1 D2
x x y

er
t1 t2

re 
( D1  D2 )  x  y
D1  y  D2  x
a
t
 x 1

C
t2

x
t1
y
t2
t
2  t1  t 2

t1  t 2

16
 v
t1 uv
t2 
2
u v
2  t1  t 2 
 2
t1 t2
u v
A B x k
y A,
k
P Q B, Q P 
uv
t1 t2 P Q u
A v

x t 
k
k

.J H
.K
 2 u v
y t1
u v

x y
P k
M
S1 S2 
BY k

k 2ku
 2 2
u v u v u v

S u

TH
v
P  S1
 t
x
S 2  S1
y
A uv
D1 D2
M 
uv
t

n
x y u v

t io x:y

ca
A B
uv x
D 
 2
u
x y
d
uv y
u

E v

er
t
(Problem Based on Boat and Stream)

re 
t (u 2  v 2 )
2u

C a
Note

u (Simple Interest)
v
(i) (P) (t) (r)
(I) =
 ( x  y ) km/h
(ii) (I)
(P) = (t) (r)
 ( x  y ) km/h
u

17
 (I)
(r) =
(P) (t) m
(A) = (P) + (I)  100
n
(P) = (A)  (I)
P
(I) t A1
(t) =
(P) (r) r%
 Pr t 
P r% t ( A2 )   A1  
 100 
 r t 
( A)  P  1   P
 100  t A1
A
r% t A r%
P r t
.J H
.K
100  A ( A2 ) A1
( P)  100
100  r  t
M
t r%
t n r2% m

(r ) 
100( n  1)
( P)  BY m 100
t
S r1 r2 t

TH
r% n
r%
t1 t2
(t ) 
100(n  1)
r A m

t1 A1 M ( P) 
t1
m  100
t2 r
t2 A2

o n t1 r1%
A t  A2t1
( P)  1 2
t 2  t1
t i t2 r2% t3

ca
r3% I
100( A2  A1 ) I  100
(r ) 
t 2 A1  t1  A2
d u ( P) 
r1t1  r2t 2  r3t3
t
E n1 n2 t1 r1%

e r n2  1 (t1+t2)
t2
r3%
r2%

re 
n1  1
t t3 I

C a n1
r%
n2 ( P) 
I  100
t1r1  t 2 r2  t3  (t1  t 2 )r3

 n 1 
  2  r % r1% t1
 n1  1  r2% t2
m
n  r2  t 2 : r1  t1
r1% r2%
18
 2
r
r% P
100
r1% r2%
P
k
 r2 r : r1 r
k
 100
m r% t p
r%
100  m K

rt (t  1)
100  t 
2
 100 
( P)  k   
2

A
p1 r1%
p2
t1
r2% t2 P
 r 
r%
.J H
p1  r1  t1  p2  r2  t 2  r 
2
 r  .K
m r1
 P 
 100 
  3
 100  M
t1
r2 t2 r2%
P
BY r3%
r1%,

I1 : I2
S  r  r  r 
( A)  P1  1 1  2 1  3 

TH
 r2  t 2  I1 : r1  t1  I 2
 100  100  100 
r1%
P r1% t1
r2%
A r2% t2 r3% t3

M
r
 2
r1

n
t1 t2 t3
 r   r   r 
( A)  P1  1  1  2  1  3 
(Compound Interest)
t io  100   100   100 

ca
t1 A1
(I) = (A)  (P) t2 A2

du
 1

 
 A t1 t 2

E   2   1 100
(t )
 (r) 
(A) = (P)     A1  

e r  100  
t1

n1

re =

(P)  



 1 t2 n2

C a P r%
 100  


  

 n2 t1 
t 2
1

 1  100
t1   n1  
t  
t2
P, t A
t
 r   r t   1

( A)  P1   1   1   A  t 
 100   00 t 2      1 100
P r%  P  

19
 t A1
2t A2 (Mensuration (Area))
( A1 ) 2

A2
=
I1 I2 =
=
I1
2
2( I 2  I1 ) 100 =
 
4( I 2  I 1 ) I1 =
=
r%
I1 =
A
 I r 
  I1  1 
.J H
.K
 200  = 
r% =
I1
 ( M
)2  ( )2
 Ir 
Y
2
Ir 
  1  1  I1  = +
 30,000 100 
B
t n
S = 

TH
k
n
= 
=t  k
=
K
r%
A = 


K M 1
 r   r 
  
2

o n 
2
 
 50   100 
t i =  abc

ca
r%
 s( s  a)(s  b)(s  c)
K

du
abc
K  (100) 3 s
( P) 
E
2
r[ r 2  300r  30,000]

er
P r% 3
 ( )2
4

re P  3

C a 
 100   100 
  
2


1
 
 (100  r )   (100  r )  2
=
P r%
1
  
2
P
 2 3
= 
 100   100   100 
     1
 100  r   100  r   100  r    
2
20
 =  x%
1
 
2 x
  100
 (100  x)
  r2 x%
 2r  rd
r d
x
d   100
r  (100  x)
2
r 2 A x%

360 0

.J H
.K
  x%
Note
r 2

2 M x%

 r (  2) AB 
r
180 0 BY x%

S 
x2
%

TH
100
x% y%

 x y
x y
A x%

M
100 y%

x% y%
o n 
(100  x)(100  y )

t i
x y
(100) 2

ca
 x y
100 x%

x%
d u y%
y%

E (100  x)(100  y )

er

x y (100) 2
 x y

re 100

C a
x%
x 2
n
 ( n  1)  100
 2x 
100
n
x%  (n 2  1) 100
x2 l b
 2x  x
100
 2 x (l  b  2 x )

21
 a

 (l  2 x)(b  2 x )
a/2
l b 11 2
 a
x 14
 2 x (l  b  2 x )

 (l  2 x )(b  2 x ) r

l b = 2r2

A
x

r
J

r
 x (l  b  x )
.

r
.K

r
 (l  x )(l  b)

x
r
M
8 2
r

B
r
Y 7

 x (2r  x )
r
S
A TH

2r
r
r
x
M
o n  ( 2r ) 2

t i r

ca
 x (2r  x ) a

d u
E a

e r x
 4 x(a  x)

re
a

a
a

C ax
 4 x(a  x)
a



a 2 7 3  11 
28
 a 2  0  04
Note

22
a 2  0  04
 (56) 2  0  04  125  44 {Mensuration (Volume)}

r
=
=
=
=
=

A
r
a, b c
 abc
.J H
.K K

M
3
 K
  

 
Y
1 2
 6 
 2 3 
2
r B a, b c

S
TH
 3 a 3  b3  c3
x% y%

r A z%

M
o n  x yz
xy  yz  zx

xyz

t i 100 (100) 2

ca
a%

du
6 2
 r 3a 2 a3
7  3a  
E C1 C2
100 (100) 2

e r a%

re a
2

a
r2
 2a   
 10 
C a n

7
r2  r1  (C2  C1 ) a
3
44  
r1 r2 n

  (r1  r2 )
2 2
l, b h
x
23
 r2
 lbh  [(l  2 x )(b  2 x )(h  x )]  2r 
100
; fn fd l h ' ka ¡ kbZh%
d qd h mQ
p
l, b h
x
= h%
r1 : r2
 lbh  [(l  2 x )(b  2 x )(h  2 x )] h1 : h2
m
r1 r2
(r1 ) 2  h1

(l )  m 2  (r 2 r1 ) 2 (r2 ) 2  h2
A
  (r1 r2 )l
m
r%

.J H
.K
2 2
 (r1  r2  r1r2 )
3 3a 2 a3
 3a  
r% 100 10000
h% r% M
 2r  h 
r 2  2rh

r 2h
BY  2r 
r2
100 10000
S 100

TH
r% r1 , r2 r3

 2r 
r2
A 3
 3 r1  r2  r3
3 3

100
M r1 : r2

h%
o n  ( r1 ) 2 : ( r2 ) 2
= h%
t i r1 r2

ca
r1 : r2
h1 : h2 4r
3

du
 12
(r1 ) 2  h1 3r


E (r2 ) 2  h2 r n

r1 : r2

e er  r3 n
A

a r h1
h2
(r2 ) 2
(r1 ) 2

A

A

C
r% h% h
6 
r

r 2  2rh r 2h r3
 2r  h    2
100 10000 h
r%
r r2
24
  3
A
600
 4 3 c b
 r  c a=b=c
=
3  600 600
B a C
(r 2 )
A1 : A 2

3
 A  : A  3 3  
 1 2 4
A
r2 r3 r4
r1,

b
4 J H
4a 2  b 2
.
.K
 2a  b
r3  3 (r4 ) 3  (r1  r2 )
3 3
A
(Rectangle)

4a 2  b 2 M
=
=

BY 2
A

S
TH
 ( )2  ( )2
a a

=  [ A B
D
C

M
b
 ]
=
A a

o
B
n =a+b+c

i
c c
90
0
90 0

t  s(s  a)(s  b)(s  c)

C b
900 E 900 b

ca
0
D a C abc
s

d u 2
A
= 
E [

er
 ] c b
h abc

re B a C

a
= 
1

C x
x
2
2
 

x = = abc

(Triangle)
 ( )2  ( )2  c 2  a 2

3 2
 
4
25
 A A  B  C  D  900
b
c
0
=  2
90
B a C AB = II CD, AD = II BC
= X AC = BD

 ( )2  ( )2  b2  a2 = 

 ( )2  ( )2  b 2  c 2
= 


( )2
A
x
= 
.J H
.K
x 2
x
x y x
xy
Mx2
(Cube)

B
=
Y
S = 3
A B

TH
E F
= 3 

A 
D C
G

M = 
H

n
(Square)

=
t io x3
x
x2


u ca
A a

E d B
(Cone)
A

er
 rl
a a
 r (r  l ) l

re 1 2
h

C a D a C 
3
r h
B
O
r C

 l  r 2  h2

=  h  l2  r2
= 
r  l2  h2
AB = BC = CD = DA
= 2 2 x x
2

26
 A B
x x

AB = II CD,D AD = II BC. C
x y
A  B  C  D =3600
2
x y 1
(RHOMBUS)  
(Cylinder) h 2

 r 2 h O r
= 
 2rh

A
1
  
 2r(r  h) 2

 2 r 2

.J H
.K
 h(r 2  r 2 ) A B
1 2

 2h ( r  r )
1 2
AB = II CD, AD =DII BC.
A  B  C  D =3600 AC
C
M BD =

 2h ( r  r )  2 ( r 2  r 2 )
BY 2 2
S
1 2 1 1
   
x     

TH
x    
x 1
)2  ( )2
x
A 
2
(

M
x y

x2 y
xy
o n 2  
2

i
  

t  
(Quadrilateral)

(TRAPEZIUM)

u ca k
k
d
1
 
2
E
e r A B

re (Circle & Semicircle)

C a D
AB  CD, AD II CDE
C
Q R = PQR
AE  CD P = PR
P B
(PARALLELOGRAM) O
R O = (AB)
=  A = (O)
= (OC)
Q
=  C = (ACBRQP)

 r 2 r=
 2r

27
 =    1 
  r 2  r 2 sin  
 360 0 2 
(  2)d
 (  2) r 
2
  
1  2  2r sin 
 r  d 22
 360
0
2
8
(Cuboid)A B
  ( R  r )( R  r ) E F
D C


H G
A

=
.J H
.K
2
k
k k2 =  M 

(Sector & Segment)

BY

r 2
S
TH
360
  1 
 r2  sin  0 
(Sector)  360 0 2 
A
M
O O
r r

A B A

o n B

t i =   

ca
  

du
r =   
l
180 0
E =  

r
l

e e 
1
   

a r 
2

 2 r 
C l =
360 0 = 
 = 
  2 r  2 r  l  2 r
360 0
= 
= 
o
r =
o
r
= 
28
 = 
=  3
6

= 
4
=    (R3  r 3 )
= 3
 4r 2
=
k
4
k2
A
k3

.J H
.K
k
k2
(Polygon) A k3 M
3 E
F B

C
(Semisphere)

BY
 6
4

D S
TH
=   2r 2
n n 
A =

= n M  2r 2   r 2  3r 2
= n

o n 2
 r 3

i
3
n(n  3)
t 

ca
2
(Prism)
n n

d u

360 0
E = 
=
r
n
n

e e
( n  2)
= 

a r n
1800
(Piramid)

C
(Sphere)
1
4 2
 r 3  d 3 
3 6

3 =
3
4
29
 1   03. tan   cot  =1; tan  
1
, cot  
1
3
cot  tan 
(Trionometry)
04. sin2  + cos2  =1;sin2  =1- cos2  , cos2  =1- sin2 
(A + B) = 900 sin2 A + sin2B = 1
05. sec2  - tan2  =1; sec2  = 1 + tan2  ,
Ex.- sin 60 + sin 300 = 1
2 0 2
tan2  = sec2  - 1,
sin2 00 + sin2 900 = 1
06. cosec  - cot  = 1; cosec2  = 1 + cot2  ,
2 2
sin2 450 + cos2 450 = 1
cot2  = cosec2  - 1
(A + B) = 900 tan A. tan B = 1
Ex.- tan 600 . tan 300 = 1 sin  cos 
07. tan  =  , 8. cot   ,
tan 200 . tan 700 = 1 cos  sin 
III
A
tan 430 . tan 470 = 1
01. sin( A  B)  sin A  cos B  cos A  sin B
   02.
J H
sin( A  B )  sin A  cos B  cos A  sin B
.
cos( A  B)  cos A  cos B  sin A  sin B

.K
d 03.
 d
cot   cot  04. cos( A  B )  cos A  cos B  sin A  sin B

05. tan(A  B)  M
tan A  tanB

   
tan(A  B)  BY
1 tan A tanB
tan A  tan B

S
d 06.
 1  tan A  tan B
cot   cot 

TH
cot A cot B 1
I 07. cot(A  B) 
cot B  cot A
=
= 1800 =  A cot A  cot B 1

22 M08. cot(A  B) 
cot B  cot A
7

o n 09. tan( A  B  C )
D

G

2C
,
t i
ca
90 100  tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A  tan B  tan C

1  tan A  tan B  tan B  tan C  tan C  tan A

du
D. G. C
10.sin(A  B)  sin(A  B)  sin2 A  sin2 B  cos2 B  cos2 A

l
r E 11. cos(A B)  cos(A B)  cos2 Asin2 B  cos2 B  sin2 A

e r n2 IV

re 
n
 180
01. sinC  sin D  2sin
CD
 cos
CD

C a n
2  1.414, 3  1.732. 5  2.236 02. sinC  sin D  2 cos
CD
2
2

 sin
CD
2
2

II
CD CD
1 1 03. cosC  cosD  2cos  cos
01. sin   cosec  = 1; sin  = , cosec   2 2
cosec  sin
CD D C
1 1 04. cosC  cosD  2 sin  sin
02. cos   sec  =1; cos   , sec   2 2
sec cos 

30
 V A
01. 2 sin A  cos B  sin(A  B)  sin( A  B) 04. 1  cos A  2 sin 2
2
2 cos A  sin B  sin( A  B)  sin( A  B) A
02. 05. 1  cos A  2 cos2
03. 2 cos A  cos B  cos(A  B)  cos(A  B)
2
04. 2 sin A  sin B  cos(A  B)  cos(A  B)
5 1
VI 06. sin 180 
4
2 tan A
sin 2 A  2 sin A  cos A  5 1
01.
1  tan2 A 07. cos 360
4
02. cos 2 A  cos 2 A  sin 2 A  1  2 sin 2 A
A
 2 cos 2 A  1 
1  tan 2 A
1  tan 2 A 08. cos 18 0 
10  2 5
4 .J H
03. tan 2 A 
2 tan A
1  tan2 A 09. sin360 
10 2 5 .K
2 sin2 A  1  cos2 A VIII
4
M
04.
 ABC
BY
2 cos2 A  1 cos2 A a b c
05. 01.
S  
sin A sin B sin C
 2R

06. sin3A  3sin A  4sin3 A

02.
A TH 2 2 2
(i) cos A  b  c  a
2bc
cos3A  4 cos3 A  3cos A
07.
M 2 2 2
(ii) cos B  c  a  b

n
2ca
3 tan A  tan3 A
08. tan 3 A 
1  3 tan2 A
t io (iii) cos C 
a 2  b2  c 2

ca
VII 2ab
03. (i) a  b cos C  c cos B ;
A A
1. sin A  2 sin 2  cos 2 
uA
2 tan
d 2  3sin A  4 sin3 A
(ii) b  c cos A  a cos C ;
(iii) c  a cos B  b cos A;
E
A 3 3
1 tan2
2
( s  b)(s  c)
r
A
04. sin 
2. cos A  cos
e e
2 A  sin2 A  1  2 sin2 A  2 cos2 A 1 2 bc

r
2 2 2 2
A s(s  a)


C a
1 tan2 A
2  4 cos3 A  3cos A
A 3 3
05. cos
2

bc

1 tan2 A (s  a)(s  c)  (s  b)(s  c)

2 06. tan   
2 s(s  a) s ( s  a ) 
A A A
2 tan 3 tan  tan3 1 1 1 abc
tan A  2  3 3 07.   bc sin A  ca sin B  ab sin C 
03. A A 2 2 2 4R
1  tan2 1  3 tan2
2 3
1 a 2 sin B  sin c
 
2 sin A
31
 1 sin C  sin A 1 2 sin A  sin B 0
 b2  C 0
2 sin B 2 sin C
(x , y ) (x , y )
08.   s(s  a)(s  b)(s  c) 2S  a  b  c 1 1 2 2

IX  x1  x 2 y1  y2 
 , 
 2 2 
sin   sin    1800    
cos   cos    3600  
( x , y ), ( x , y ) (x , y )
tan   tan    180 0   1 1 2 2 3 3

 x1  x 2  x3 y1  y2  y3 
 ,  A
H
(Co-ordinate geometry)  3 3 
 
Y .J
.K
A ( x , y ), B ( x , y ) C(x , y )
1 1 2 2 3 3

(-, +) 0 (+, +)

M
X' X
 ax1  bx 2 cx3 ay1  by2  cy3 
 
Y
,
(-, -)
Y'
(+, -)  abc abc 
 
BC = a, CA = b, AB = c. B
x y
S
TH
y x
( x , y ), ( x , y ) (x , y )
1 1 2 2 3 3

(x , y )
1 1
(x , y )
2 2
A 
1
2
x1  y2  y3   x2  y3  y1   x3  y1  y2 
( x1  x2 )  ( y1  y 2 )
2 2
M ( x , y ), ( x , y ) (x , y )

n
1 1 2 2 3 3

o
( x, y )

 x2  y2
t i x ( y  y ) x ( y  y )  x ( y  y )  0

ca
1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2

(x , y ) (x , y )

m:n
1 1

d
2

u 2

 
E

 mn
e r
 mx 2  nx1 my 2  ny1 

mn 



re 
 

C a
 mx 2  nx1 my 2  ny1 
  
(Regular Tertahedron)
 mn mn  O
 
(x , y ) (x , y ) D
1 1 2 2 B C
 :1
  x2  x1  y 2  y1 
 , 
  1  1 
  A

32
 2 a 3  b3
  16. ab 
12 a 2  ab  b 2
2
  a 3  b3
3 17. a b 
a 2  ab  b 2
3 3 3
a  b  c  3abc
3 18. abc 
 3  2 2 2
a  b  c  ab  bc  ca
4
3 3 3

A
19. a  b  c  0 , a  b  c  3abc

H
3
 4  a  b 2  a 2  b 2
Note:-
4 20. ab 
2 2
.J
a m  a n  a mn
.K
21.
22. a m  a n  a mn
(Algebra)
23. a  m n
 a mn M
01. a  b 2  a 2  2ab  b 2 24. ab n  a n  b n
BY
02. ( a  b )  a  b   4ab
2 2
S
a
n
an

TH
25.   
b bn
03. a  b 2  a 2  2ab  b 2
04. a  b 2  a  b 2  4 ab 26. A an
 a nn  a 0  1

M
n
a
a  b  a  b   2 ab
2 2 27. a n  a  a  a.....n
n
05. 2

06. a  b  a  b   2 ab
2 2 2

t io 28. a n 
1
an
a  b  a  b  a  b 
ca  
07. 2 2 1/ n
29. am/ n  am  n am

du
a  b 3  a 3  3a 2b  3ab 2  b3
08. 30. a1 / n  n a
09.
E
a  b 3  a 3  b 3  3aba  b  31. n A  B   n  A   n B   n A  B 

er
32. n A  B  C   n A  nB   nC   n A  B 
10. a  b 3  a 3  3a 2b  3ab  b 3
 re
 n ( B  C )  n ( A  C )  n( A  B  C )
 a  b  3aba  b 
3 3 3

a
11. ab

12.
C  
a  b  a  b  a 2  ab  b 2
3 3

(Angle) :
a  b a  b  3aba  b 
13. 3 3 3
(Right Angle)
14. 
a 3  b 3  (a  b) a 2  ab  b 2  90
(Acute Angle)
a  b  a  b   3aba  b 
15. 3 3 3
(Obtuse Angle)

33
 (Reflex Angle)

(Straight Angle)

(Complementary)

(Supplelementry Angle)
A
A
F E

.J H
.K
G

B
D

M
C
n
ABC

n
360 0
BY
BD = DC, CD = EA, AF = FB;

n
S
G., ABC

A TH
S-A-S
(Congruence)
M
o n
t i
ca
(Centriod)
(Side-angle-side) S-A-S

A-S-A
d u (Circumcentre)

E (Incentre)

er
(angle- (Orthocentre)

S-S-S
re
side-side) A-S-A

C a
(Side-side-side) S-S-S
R-H-S
L Q

(right angle-hypotensuse
-side) R-H-S
M

A P B

34
 P AB P
PQ (Stock & Share)
 BPQ  PLQ (Share) :
 APQ  PMQ

C
D
(Stock) :
P
A
A
B

.J H
.K
PA  PB = PC  PD
(Dividend):

M
B
(Tax):

BY
S
C

TH
(Market Value):
P

A
A (Fixed Value):

PA  PB = PC  PD
D

M (At Par):

o n (At Par)
A
t i
ca
B
(Below Par):
C
d u D
P

E (Below Par)

r
AP  PB = CP  PD

e
re (Above Price or Premium

a
C
Par):

C A B
P

AP  PB = CP  CP
(Proceed)
(AT)

35
  n 1 Pr
n p q
= r

= n!

( p!)(q!)(r!)
= n r

=
A

.J H
n!
( p!)(q!)(r!)

.K
= 

=
M
= 

BY
a, b, c
Permutations and Combinations
S ab, ac, bc


n
n
Pr
r
n  A TH ab ba

r n r
M n r
[ ; k d ksçr hd nCr
n
n! l EHko l a
p ; ks
ad h l a
n
Pr 
(n  r )!

t io n
Cr 
n!
r!(n  r )!

ca
n r

du
i 0! 1
i p
ii n
P r  n( n 1Pr 1 )
iii n
P0  1 E p


e r ii p
 n  p Cr  p

re n r
p

C a  r ( n 1) P( r 1)  ( n 1) Pr 

 n  p Cr

(n + 1) r n
n r r n
(r - 1)

r r n
Cr  n Cr 1  n 1 Cr
(n - 1) r r 
n
36
 2n  1  n( n  1)(n  2)...( n  r  1), n  N r W
(p + q + r +.....) p n = n!
q r n
P0  1, n P1  n n
Pn 1  n!
{(p + 1) (q + 1) (r + 1) ... - 1} n
Pr  n n 1Pr 1
n 1
Pr  (n  r ) n 1Pr 1
(p + q + r + t)
p q r n
Pr  r.n 1Pr 1  n 1Pr
t = (p + 1) (ii) n p q
(q + 1) (r + 1) 2t - 1 r
(p + q + r) p, q, r n
A
( p  q  r )!
p!q!r!

n!

.J
p!q!r!
H
.K
 (iii) n r
n n!
(factorial) n = nr
M
Y
(iv) n r
n! n(n  1)(n  2)...3.2.1
B r n 1Pr 1
5! 5  4  3  2 1  120
S r p

TH 
4! 4  3! 4  3  2!
 4  3  2 1  24  p! r  ( p  1)n  p Pr  p

(v) A n r
(i) 0! 1
(ii) (Factorial) M
o n  n 1Pr
n!
 n(n  1)(n  2)...(r  1)
t i (vi) n m

ca
(iii)
r!
 m!( n  m  1)!

du
n! (vii) n m
(iv)  n(n  1)(n  2)...(n  r  1)
( n  r )!

E  n! m!(n  m  1)!

er

(arrangements)

re
C a
ca, cb, ac, ba
(a, b, c)
(arrangements) ab, bc,
•

 (n  1)!
•

(i) n r
n
Pr
1
n!  ( n  1)!
n
Pr  , 0  r  n 2
(n  r )!

37
 (iii) n r p
n p
 Cr
a, b, c
(iv) n
ab, bc, ca
 nC1  nC2  nC3  .... nC n  2 n  1
(v) n r (r < n)
=1
 (vi) n r(r = 0, 1, 2, 3, ....... n)
(i) n r =n+1
(vii) (p + q + r - t) p q
n
 
=C C (n . r)
r
r
A t


n!

n(n  1)...(n  r  1)
r!( n  r )! r (r  1)(r  2)...2.1
,  ( p  q )(q  1)(r  1)2  1 t

.J H
.K
Probability
n  N r W 0r n Sample Space

M
n
Cr
n
Cr
•
• n
r > n,
C0  C n  1, C1  n
n
n

n
Cr = 0

B
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}Y
• n
C r  nCn r S
TH
S
• n
Cr  Cr 1  Cr
n n 1 Event

• n
C x  nC y  x  y x y n
A A B
A = (HH, TT) B= (HT, TH)

• n. n y
Cr 1  (n  r  1) Cr 1 n
M Probability n
• n n
Cr

o n m E

i P (E)
n n/2
= C
t
ca
n
• n Cr m
P( E ) 
 C n 1n / 2
n n
C r 1 n

du
2 2
0mn
•
n n
Cr  .n 1 Cr 1
E 0  P( E )  1

r
r

e e n
Cr

n  r 1 E P( E )

r
• n
Cr 1 r

C
• a n
C0  nC1  nC2  ... nC r  2 n P( E ) 
nm
n
• n
C 0  nC 2  nC 4  ... nC1  nC 3  n C 5  ...  2 n 1
 1  P( E )
2 n 1
• C0  2 n 1C1  2 n 1C2  ... 2 n 1C n  2 2 n
S EÍ S
n 1 n 2 n 3
• n
Cn  Cm  C n  C1 
n
C m  ...
n( E )
E P( E ) 
 2 n 1Cn  2 nCn 1 n( S )
(ii) n r p
P E =1 E Certain Event
 n  pCr  p
38
 P (E)=0 E (Impossible
event) P(E) = P( E
E Event n, n
=
E m: n E n: m m +n

m n
* E1 E2 \ P ( E )  P( E )  
mn mn
P( E1  E2 )  P( E1 )  P( E2 )  P( E1  E2 )
mn
 1
* E1 E2 mn
P( E1  E2 )  P( E1 )  P( E2 )
A
P( E )  1  P( E )

E1 E2 .J H
S P( E1VE2 )  P( E1 )  P( E2 ) .K
E P(E)
M
P (E) = E
S
BY
n( E ) SDiamond 13 Cards
Heart 13 Cards

TH

n( S ) Spade 13 Cards Club 13 Cards
J
Q A K
E E E'
n M
n
E m
=m+n

t io
ca
m
\ P( E ) 
mn

d u
E
e r
re
C a

39
  900   900   180 0   1800   2700   2700   3600   3600   n  3600   n 3600 

sin  sin  cos   cos   sin   sin   cos   cos   sin  sin   sin  sin 

cos  cos  sin   sin   cos   cos   sin   sin   cos  cos   cos  cos 

A
tan  tan  cot   cot   tan   tan   cot   cot   tan  tan 
J H
 tan 

.
tan 

cot  cot  tan   tan   cot   cot   tan   tan   cot  cot  .K
 cot  cot 

M
sec  sec  cos ec   cos ec   sec   sec   cos ec   cos ec  Y
 sec 
B
sec   sec  sec 

S
TH
cosec  cos ec  sec   sec   cos ec   cos ec   sec   sec   cos ec  cos ec   cos ec  cos ec 

A
M
0 0
30 0
45 0
60 0
90 0

o n120 135 1500 1800 2100 2250 240 0 270 0 3000 3150 330 0 360 0
0 0

t i
ca
1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3  1 1
sin 0 1 0    1   0
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
u
2 2 2 2

cos 1
2
3 1
2 E
1
2
d 0 
1
2

1
2

2
3
1 
2
3  1
2

1
2
0 
1
2

1
2

2
3
1

e r
e
1 1 1 1
tan 0  3 1  0  1  3  3 1  0
r
1 3
3 3 3 3

C
cot
a 3 1
1
0 
1
1  3  3 1 
1
0 
1
1  3
3 3 3 3

2 2 2 2
sec 1 2 2 2  2  1   2 2 2  2  1
3 3 3 3

2 2 2 2
cosec 2 2 1 2 2 2  2  1   2 2
3 3 3 3

40