REGULATION OF VARIABLE DC VOLTAGE IN SOLAR

CHARGING STATION
MANOJ MADDELA
(Email id:my248649@gmail.com)
1
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, MLR Institute of technology, Dundigal, Telangana
M.PAVAN KUMAR
(Email id:pavankm1099@gmail.com)
2
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, MLR Institute of technology, Dundigal, Telangana
MOHD ADIL RAFEQUE
(Email id: aadilrafeque079@gmail.com)
3
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, MLR Institute of technology, Dundigal, Telangana
T. BHARGAVA RAMU
(Email id:Bhargava.ramu1978@gmail.com)
4
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, MLR Institute of technology, Dundigal, Telangana
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ABSTRACT
Electric vehicles are a replacement and upcoming technology within the transportation and power sector that
have many benefits in terms of economic and environmental. Electric vehicles have become a significant trend
in the development of the automobile industry. Green energy saving is an essential feature of their product. At
an equivalent time, the related charging facilities construction is additionally critical. If we improve the
charging measures to adapt to its green energy-saving features, it will primarily promote its further
development. This study presents a comprehensive review and evaluation of varied sorts of electric vehicles and
their associated equipment, particularly battery chargers and charging stations. studies are made in comparing
a prototype with simulated electrical vehicles considering the factors as charging time charging speed and
vehicle efficiency and range. The various types of charging stations and standards used for charging electric
vehicles have been outlined, and the impact of electric vehicle charging on utility distribution system is
discussed. This project will propose a highly efficient green energy-saving charging station designed for
electric vehicles. In the following setup, we have installed three solar panels in series, which give 60V at 4A,
and provides a total power of 200W; however, this output is observed at peak sun hours. The vehicle battery
can be directly connected to the solar panel output and charged. Still, when the work is low, it can join the solar
panel to a trusted controller to obtain a controlled constant production.
KEYWORD: - Solar charging station, DC Voltage regulation, Chopper
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. INTRODUCTION
In, the face of the environmental problem caused by the traditional fuel vehicle exhaust emissions caused by air
pollution and its oil resources to massive consumption, electric vehicles, because of their excellent energy-
saving and environmental protection, quickly became today's vehicle development and the trend. Electric cars
are different from conventional cars. The most prominent feature is to rely on power-driven, electric power can
fill in time or not, directly related to the electric car can continue to use before the electric vehicle type, whether
pure electric vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles are inevitably required to allow the support of the power
station. Before most the electric vehicle enables power plants too are using conventional electricity as a source
of electrical power, which requires the strong support of the urban distribution network, so there is a restricted
area is enormous. Solar energy as renewable energy protects the earth's ecological environment for human
survival clean energy source. Everywhere has the characteristics of using solar power as the power source of the
electric vehicle allows power station to become a green and environmental protection for power. For the
utilization of photovoltaic power generation and storage system, together with conventional grid electricity and
network force method, to determine a secure and reliable, no noise, no Pollution of solar grid storage type
electric vehicle status of the power system, to achieve stability for the electric vehicle charging and achieve
energy-saving emission reduction. With the introduction of a replacement energy electric vehicle subsidy policy,
the development of an automatic charging station has become a big obstacle to the rapid development of China's
new energy vehicles. In this paper, a replacement sort of solar charging station is meant consistent with the need
for the photovoltaic charging characteristic. The output power of solar array as the solar radiation intensity,
temperature and load changes makes solar array work in the most power output state is a solar array and DC bus
interface's primary function. The DC bus and solar battery interface through the very best power control method
to understand the utmost power's tracking and solar control array. The solar photovoltaic power generation is
applied to the electrical bicycle load through the DC bus. the voltage regulators with the dc busbar have shown
great regulation with considerable effects.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

sustainable transportation is often achieved by the appliance of a solar charging station for electrical
vehicle charging. In India, several solar charging stations have been financed and installed by the government
authority to a certain extent. However, the economic performance of the prevailing solar charging station isn't
satisfactory. Moreover, the illegal use of electricity charging also hinders solar energy adoption in transportation
on a rapid scale. it is known that charging stations performance is judged by some of the factors such as its
design structure and the amount of sunlight it gets on an average in a day. To complete the case study, this paper
investigates the solar potential, charging tariff, and associated costs to seek out more technological and
economic potential. Based on this situation and yearlong data analysis, this paper recommends some suggestions
which can cause more financial stability and increase adoption. Electric vehicles are the sunshine bearers for
sustainable transportation. But can achieve sustainability if ca can harness the required electricity from a
renewable source such as solar energy. a majority portion of used power is derived from fossil fuels. That is
why reduction of carbon emission will have a more indirect effect, and for this reason, the solar charging station
is well accepted at in policy level. The Renewable Energy Policy envisions that 10% of total energy production
will need to be achieved by 2020. India successfully runs the Solar Home System (SHS) in rural electrification
in off-grid areas. Should utilize solar energy in urban areas too. In town areas, a large number of vehicle
moment leads to heavy traffic. When these can be mainly converted to electric cars, there's a vast scope of
utilising solar energy and controlling environmental degradation in urban areas. An efficient solar charging
station may be a must for the successful execution of such a motive.
 III. BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig:1 Schematic Diagram

Fig: 2 Block Diagram

 Fig: 3 Simulated Stepdown choppers

IV. WORKING
The energy can be derived from the sun using solar panels by the actions of photons which when sticking at the
junction of PV cell generates a whole electron pair and these tend to move in such a way the solar panel output
terminals has a voltage and when connected to a load supplies power. From the fig1it is assumed that whenever
sunrise strike on the panel through connecting wires the output of the solar panel is fed to the step-down
chopper as input. The sole purpose of the chopper is to step down the variable 60V to 48V which is the required
voltage to charge our battery. The output of step-down chopper is given to charge controller which ensures and
prevents over current flow and over-voltage to the battery to the output of this charge controller is fed to the
battery and this battery is portable a can be fixed to an electric vehicle which is already built to such specific
rating.
The step-down chopper has a timer connected to a switch such that when a switch is on per amount of
time set to the timer there is no output voltage and when the switch is off there is an output voltage across the
battery by proper time settings of a timer an average of 48V can be derived using a circuit

IV. SIMULATION AND RESULTS

 Fig:4 Simulated stepdown chopper and the ratting of each component

Fig:5 Input and output Voltage level

III. CONCLUSION
The prime motive of this project is to provide efficient charging to an electric bike with the help of solar energy.
Solar radiation from sun is converted to electric energy through solar array and then output is fed to voltage
regulator which regulates voltage from 60V to 48V.The Former 60V is generated using Three solar panels each
rated 20V 3AMP and output of voltage regulator is fed to charge controller which ensures proper and safe
charging of battery which is utilized in electric vehicle. The output of whole setup gives an average of 200W
output power.

IV. REFERENCES
 EDTA. Electric Drive Sales Dashboard. Available online:http://electricdrive.org/index.php?
ht=d/sp/i/20952/pid/20952 (accessed on 11 October 2017).

 FuelEconomy.gov. All-Electric Vehicles. Available

online:http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/evtech.shtml#endnotes (accessed on 11 October 2017).

 FuelEconomy.gov. Federal Tax Credits for All-Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles. Available
online:https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/taxevb.shtml (accessed on 11 October 2017).

 Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Electric Vehicles: Tax Credits and Other
Incentives.Available online: https://energy.gov/eere/electricvehicles/electric-vehicles-tax-credits-and-
other-incentives(accessed on 11 October 2017).
V. Hartman, K.; Dowd, E. State Efforts to Promote Hybrid and Electric Vehicles. Available online:
http://www.ncsl.org/research/energy/state-electric-vehicle-incentives-state-chart.aspx (accessed on 11
October 2017).

VI. U.S. Energy Information Administration. Use of Energy in the United States Explained: Energy Use for
Transportation. Available online:https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/?page=us_energy_transportation
accessed on 11 October 2017).

VII. Francfort, J. Electric Vehicle Charging Levels and Requirements Overview. Available online:
https://avt.inl.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/presentations/CleanCitiesWedinarCharging12-15-10.pdf (accessed
on