Theory of Structures 2

University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

Topic Learning Outcome (TLO)

At the end of the topic, students can

1. Analyze statically indeterminate beams with yielding supports.
2. Analyze statically indeterminate frames with sidesway (joint movement).

Slope Deflection Equations

With yielding supports or with joint movement (side-sway)

FEMBA
wx
FEMBA

A B
L
FEMAB
FEMAB
+
MBA
=
MAB θA θA1 θB1
θB M’A M’A

M’B
+
M’B
θA2 θB2

+ FEM’B
X
A FEM’BA
∆ FEM’AB
B

RA
Yielding of support at B RB FEM’AB
Equivalent Beams Moment Diagrams

The Slope – Deflection Equations are: (without yielding of supports or without joint
movements)
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 )
𝐿
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐴 )
𝐿

1|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Consider the yielding of support.

A
FEM’BA
∆ FEM’AB
B
L
RA
RB
X FEM’B
A

FEM’AB

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0

′ ′
𝑅𝐴 𝐿 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴

′ ′
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴
𝑅𝐴 =
𝐿

∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0

′ ′
𝑅𝐵 𝐿 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴

′ ′
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴
𝑅𝐵 =
𝐿

Rotations at A and B are zero.

Theorem 1 (Area Moment Method)

“The change in slope between tangents drawn to the elastic curve at any two points A
and B is equal to the product of 1/EI and the area of the moment diagram between these
two points”.

𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎)𝐴𝐵 = 0

1 ′
1 ′
𝐸𝐼𝜃𝐵 = (𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 )(𝐿 − 𝑋) − (𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 )(𝑋) = 0
2 2
′ (𝐿) ′ (𝑋) ′ (𝑋)
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵

′ (𝐿)
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴
𝑋= ′ ′
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵

2|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

Write Moment Equation at any section for the span:

′
𝑀 = 𝑅𝐴 𝑋 − 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵

′ ′
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 ′
𝑀=( ) (𝑋) − 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 =0
𝐿

′ (𝐿)
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵
𝑋= ′ ′
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴

′ (𝐿) ′ (𝐿)
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵
𝑋= ′ ′
= ′ ′
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵

′ ′
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵

Then:

′ (𝐿)
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 𝐿
𝑋= ′ ′
=
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 2

Theorem 2 (Area Moment Method)

“The deviation of any point B relative to a tangent drawn to the elastic curve at any other
point A, in a direction perpendicular to the original position of the beam, is equal to the
product of 1/EI and the moment of the area about B of that part of the moment diagram
between points A and B”.
1 ′
𝐿 2 1 1 ′
𝐿 𝐿 2 𝐿
̄
𝐸𝐼𝑡𝐵/𝐴 = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎)𝐴𝐵 (𝑋𝐵 ) = (𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 ) ( ) ( ) − (𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 ) ( ) [ + ( )]
2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2
′ ′ ′ ′
𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 𝐿2 5𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 𝐿2 4(𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 )𝐿2 (𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 )𝐿2
𝐸𝐼𝛥 = − =− =−
24 24 24 6

6 EI 2 EI  3  2 EI
FEM AB = =  = (3R ) = FEM BA

L2 L  L  L

Slope – Deflection Equations with yielding of support

2𝐸𝐼 ′
2𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 ) + 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 ) + (3𝑅)
𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 + 3𝑅)
𝐿
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐴 + 3𝑅)
𝐿

Relative Slope – Deflection Equations:

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐾𝐴𝐵 (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 + 𝑅𝑟𝑒𝑙 )

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝐾𝐵𝐴 (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐵 + 𝑅𝑟𝑒𝑙 )

3|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Where:
∆
𝑅𝑟𝑒𝑙 =
𝐿

R is the angle measured from the original direction of member AB to the line joining the
displaced joints. R is positive when clockwise.

Shear conditions

∆ ∆
B B’ C C’ MBA MCD
a
P
P
H1 H2

D HDC
A HAB
MAB MDC

𝑃 = 𝐻𝐴𝐵 + 𝐻𝐷𝐶

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒:

𝑃(𝑎) + 𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝑀𝐵𝐴

𝐻𝐴𝐵 =
𝐻1

𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷
𝐻𝐷𝐶 =
𝐻2

𝛥
𝑅𝐴𝐵 = = 𝑅𝐵𝐴
𝐻1

𝛥
𝑅𝐷𝐶 = = 𝑅𝐶𝐷
𝐻2

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐾𝐴𝐵 (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 + 𝑅𝐴𝐵 )

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝐾𝐵𝐴 (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐵 + 𝑅𝐵𝐴 )

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝐾𝐷𝐶 (−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐶 + 𝑅𝐷𝐶 )

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝐾𝐶𝐷 (−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐷 + 𝑅𝐶𝐷 )

𝑒𝑡𝑐.

4|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Example (Yielding of Support on Beam)

Analyze the continuous beam shown below due to the effect of a 12.7 mm settlement at
support C by the slope-deflection method. Draw the shear and moment diagrams. Sketch
approximately the elastic curve. E is equal to 2.07 X 108 KPa and the moment of inertia,
I, is equal to 56250 cm4.

A 4I B 3I C 2I D
12.7 mm
C’

4m 3m 2m

Solution.

The slope-deflection equations

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 + 3𝑅)
𝐿
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐴 + 3𝑅)
𝐿

are to be used. Since there are no applied loads, fixed end moments (FEM) for all
members are all equal to zero except for the values of R for members BC and CD.
Determine FEM, R, and 2EI/L.

∆
𝑅= , 2𝐸𝐼
Member Length, m FEM ∆, m 𝐿 I, m4 𝐿
, KN.m
radians
AB, BA 4 0 0 0 0.00225 232875
BC, CB 3 0 0.0127 + 0.0042333 0.0016875 232875
CD, DC 2 0 0.0127 – 0.00635 0.001125 232875

Write the end moment equations.

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 + 3𝑅)
𝐿

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 0 + 232875[0 − 𝜃𝐵 + 0]

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −232875𝜃𝐵

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐴 + 3𝑅)
𝐿

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 0 + 232875(−2𝜃𝐵 − 0 + 0)

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = −465750𝜃𝐵

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐶 + (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐶 + 3𝑅)
𝐿

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0 + 232875[−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐶 + 3(0.0042333)]

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −465750𝜃𝐵 − 232875𝜃𝐶 + 2957.5125

5|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐶𝐵 + (−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐵 + 3𝑅)
𝐿

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 0 + 232875[−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐵 + 3(0.0042333)]

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = −465750𝜃𝐶 − 232875𝜃𝐵 + 2957.5125

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐶𝐷 + (−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐷 + 3𝑅)
𝐿

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0 + 232875[−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐷 + 3(−0.00635)]

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = −465750𝜃𝐶 − 232875𝜃𝐷 − 4436.26875

2𝐸𝐼
𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐷𝐶 + (−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐶 + 3𝑅)
𝐿

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 0 + 232875[−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐶 + 3(−0.00635)]

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = −465750𝜃𝐷 − 232875𝜃𝐶 − 4436.26875

Using Joints Conditions, Establish equations to determine the rotations.

MBC MCD
MBA B MCB C

Joint B Joint C

𝑴𝑩𝑨 + 𝑴𝑩𝑪 = 𝟎 𝑴𝑪𝑩 + 𝑴𝑪𝑫 = 𝟎

MDC
MA MAB D
A
Joint A Joint D
𝑴𝑨𝑩 = 𝑴𝑨 𝑴𝑫𝑪 = 𝟎

Joint B
𝑴𝑩𝑨 + 𝑴𝑩𝑪 = 𝟎

−465750𝜃𝐵 − 465750𝜃𝐵 − 232875𝜃𝐶 + 2957.5125 = 0

−1
(−931500𝜃𝐵 − 232875𝜃𝐶 + 2957.5125 = 0) ( )
232875

𝟒𝜽𝑩 + 𝜽𝑪 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟕 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏

Joint C
𝑴𝑪𝑩 + 𝑴𝑪𝑫 = 𝟎

−465750𝜃𝐶 − 232875𝜃𝐵 + 2957.5125 − 465750𝜃𝐶 − 232875𝜃𝐷 − 4436.26875 = 0

−1
(−232875𝜃𝐵 − 931500𝜃𝐶 − 232875𝜃𝐷 − 1478.75625 = 0) ( )
232875

𝜽𝑩 + 𝟒𝜽𝑪 + 𝜽𝑫 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟑𝟓 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐

6|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

Joint D
𝑴𝑫𝑪 = 𝟎

−1
(−232875𝜃𝐶 − 465750𝜃𝐷 − 4436.26875 = 0) ( )
232875

𝜽𝑪 + 𝟐𝜽𝑫 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟓 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟑

Determine the rotations.

Equation 1 minus equation 3

4𝜃𝐵 + 𝜃𝐶 − 0.0127 − (𝜃𝐶 + 2𝜃𝐷 + 0.01905) = 0

𝟒𝜽𝑩 − 𝟐𝜽𝑫 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟕𝟓 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟒

Equation 2 minus 4(equation 3)

𝜃𝐵 + 4𝜃𝐶 + 𝜃𝐷 + 0.00635 − 4(𝜃𝐶 + 2𝜃𝐷 + 0.01905) = 0

𝜽𝑩 − 𝟕𝜽𝑫 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟗𝟖𝟓 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟓

Equation 4 minus 4(equation 5)

4𝜃𝐵 − 2𝜃𝐷 − 0.03175 − 4(𝜃𝐵 − 7𝜃𝐷 − 0.06985) = 0

26𝜃𝐷 = −0.24765

−𝟎. 𝟐𝟒𝟕𝟔𝟓
𝜽𝑫 = = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟗𝟓𝟐𝟓 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏
𝟐𝟔

𝜽𝑩 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟗𝟖𝟓 + 𝟕𝜽𝑫 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟕𝟓 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏

𝜽𝑪 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟓 − 𝟐𝜽𝑫 = 𝟎

Determine the end moments.

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −232875𝜃𝐵 = −𝟕𝟑𝟗. 𝟑𝟕𝟖 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = −465750𝜃𝐵 = −𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟖. 𝟕𝟓𝟔 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −465750𝜃𝐵 − 232875𝜃𝐶 + 2957.5125 = 𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟖. 𝟕𝟓𝟔 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = −465750𝜃𝐶 − 232875𝜃𝐵 + 2957.5125 = 𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟖. 𝟏𝟑𝟒 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = −465750𝜃𝐶 − 232875𝜃𝐷 − 4436.26875 = −𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟖. 𝟏𝟑𝟒 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = −465750𝜃𝐷 − 232875𝜃𝐶 − 4436.26875 = 𝟎

7|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

Determine support reactions.

MA RA1 MAB
A A B B C
4m 3m
MAB MBC R
RA1 RB1 MBA
B2
RC1 MCB
RA
MEMBER AB MEMBER BC
JOINT A

MCD
C D
2m
RC2 RD
MEMBER CD

FREE BODY DIAGRAMS

Member AB
∑ 𝑴𝑩 = 𝟎

𝑹𝑨𝟏 (𝟒) − 𝑴𝑨𝑩 − 𝑴𝑩𝑨 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑹𝑨𝟏 = (𝟕𝟑𝟗. 𝟑𝟕𝟖 + 𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟖. 𝟕𝟓𝟔) = 𝟓𝟓𝟒. 𝟓𝟑𝟒 𝑲𝑵 ↓
𝟒
∑ 𝑴𝑨 = 𝟎

𝑹𝑩𝟏 (𝟒) − 𝑴𝑨𝑩 − 𝑴𝑩𝑨 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑹𝑩𝟏 = (𝟕𝟑𝟗. 𝟑𝟕𝟖 + 𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟖. 𝟕𝟓𝟔) = 𝟓𝟓𝟒. 𝟓𝟑𝟒 𝑲𝑵 ↑
𝟒

Member BC
∑ 𝑴𝑪 = 𝟎

𝑹𝑩𝟐 (𝟑) − 𝑴𝑩𝑪 − 𝑴𝑪𝑩 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑹𝑩𝟐 = (𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟖. 𝟕𝟓𝟔 + 𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟖. 𝟏𝟑𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟐. 𝟐𝟗𝟕 𝑲𝑵 ↑
𝟑
∑ 𝑴𝑩 = 𝟎

𝑹𝑪𝟏 (𝟑) − 𝑴𝑩𝑪 − 𝑴𝑪𝑩 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑹𝑪𝟏 = (𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟖. 𝟕𝟓𝟔 + 𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟖. 𝟏𝟑𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟐. 𝟐𝟗𝟕 𝑲𝑵 ↓
𝟑

Member CD
∑ 𝑴𝑫 = 𝟎

𝑹𝑪𝟐 (𝟐) − 𝑴𝑪𝑫 = 𝟎

8|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

𝟏
𝑹𝑪𝟐 = (𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟖. 𝟏𝟑𝟒) = 𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟗. 𝟎𝟔𝟕 𝑲𝑵 ↓
𝟐
∑ 𝑴𝑪 = 𝟎

𝑹𝑫 (𝟐) − 𝑴𝑪𝑫 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑹𝑫 = (𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟖. 𝟏𝟑𝟒) = 𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟗. 𝟎𝟔𝟕 𝑲𝑵 ↑
𝟐
At Joint A
∑ 𝑭𝑽 = 𝟎

𝑹𝑨 = 𝑹𝑨𝟏 = 𝟓𝟓𝟒. 𝟓𝟑𝟒 𝑲𝑵 ↓

∑ 𝑴𝑨 = 𝟎

𝑴𝑨 = 𝑴𝑨𝑩 = 𝟕𝟑𝟗. 𝟑𝟕𝟖 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

And

𝑹𝑩 = 𝑹𝑩𝟏 + 𝑹𝑩𝟐 = 𝟓𝟓𝟒. 𝟓𝟑𝟒 + 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟐. 𝟐𝟗𝟕 = 𝟏𝟕𝟖𝟔. 𝟖𝟑𝟏 𝑲𝑵 ↑

𝑹𝑪 = 𝑹𝑪𝟏 + 𝑹𝑪𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟐. 𝟐𝟗𝟕 + 𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟗. 𝟎𝟔𝟕 = 𝟐𝟑𝟒𝟏. 𝟑𝟔𝟒 𝑲𝑵 ↓

Summary

𝑹𝑨 = 𝟓𝟓𝟒. 𝟓𝟑𝟒 𝑲𝑵 ↓

𝑹𝑩 = 𝟏𝟕𝟖𝟔. 𝟖𝟑𝟏 𝑲𝑵 ↑

𝑹𝑪 = 𝟐𝟑𝟒𝟏. 𝟑𝟔𝟒 𝑲𝑵 ↓

𝑹𝑫 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟗. 𝟎𝟔𝟕 𝑲𝑵 ↑

𝑴𝑨 = 𝟕𝟑𝟗. 𝟑𝟕𝟖 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

9|28 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

Draw the Shear and Moment Diagrams

MA = 739.378 KN.m
A B C D
12.7 mm
C’
RA = 554.534 KN RB = 1786.831 KN
RD = 1109.067 KN
4m 3m 2m

RC = 2341.364 KN

1232.297 KN

V- Diagram

554.534 KN

1109.067 KN
2218.134 KN.m

739.378 KN.m

M- Diagram

-1478.756 KN.m

θA = 0 θB
B C D
A
θD
12.7 mm

C’
θC = 0

Exaggerated Elastic Curve

10 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Example (Frame with sidesway)

Analyze the rigid frame shown below by the slope deflection method. Draw the shear and
moment diagrams. Sketch the deformed frame.

100 KN B C
2I
3m

4m
1.5 I
A

5m

Solution

The applied external load is acting on a joint, thus the fixed end moments for all members
of the frame are all equal to zero. However, the 100 KN force is acting horizontally pushing
the frame towards the right creating a sidesway, ∆, to the right. The values of the
sidesway, ∆, and the moment of inertia are not given thus the relative stiffness, K, and R,
are to be used.

Determine the relative stiffness, K, and relative R.

∆ ∆

100 KN B C
2I
3m

I
4m

1.5 I

5m

𝐼
𝐾=
𝐿
𝐼𝐴𝐵 𝐼
𝑲𝑨𝑩 = 𝑲𝑩𝑨 = = (120) = 𝟒𝟎
𝐿𝐴𝐵 3

11 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

𝐼𝐵𝐶 2𝐼
𝑲𝑩𝑪 = 𝑲𝑪𝑩 = = (120) = 𝟒𝟖
𝐿𝐵𝐶 5

𝐼𝐶𝐷 1.5𝐼 3𝐼
𝑲𝑪𝑫 = 𝑲𝑫𝑪 = = = (120) = 𝟒𝟓
𝐿𝐶𝐷 4 8

∆
𝑅=
𝐿
∆ ∆
𝑹𝑨𝑩 = 𝑹𝑩𝑨 = = (12) = 𝟒𝑹
𝐿𝐴𝐵 3

0 0
𝑹𝑩𝑪 = 𝑹𝑪𝑩 = = (12) = 𝟎
𝐿𝐵𝐶 5

∆ ∆
𝑹𝑪𝑫 = 𝑹𝑫𝑪 = = (12) = 𝟑𝑹
𝐿𝐶𝐷 4

Write the End Moment Equations

Member FEM Rel. K Rel. R

AB, BA 0 40 4R
BC, CB 0 48 0
CD, DC 0 45 3R

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐾𝐴𝐵 (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 + 𝑅𝐴𝐵 )

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 0 + 40[−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 + 4𝑅]

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −80𝜃𝐴 − 40𝜃𝐵 + 160𝑅

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝐾𝐵𝐴 (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵𝐴 )

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 0 + 40(−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐴 + 4𝑅)

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = −80𝜃𝐵 − 40𝜃𝐴 + 160𝑅

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐶 + 𝐾𝐵𝐶 (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐶 + 𝑅𝐵𝐶 )

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0 + 48[−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐶 + 0]

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −96𝜃𝐵 − 48𝜃𝐶

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐶𝐵 + 𝐾𝐶𝐵 (−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐵 + 𝑅𝐶𝐵 )

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = 0 + 48[−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐵 + 0]

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = −96𝜃𝐶 − 48𝜃𝐵

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝐾𝐶𝐷 (−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐷 + 𝑅𝐶𝐷 )

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0 + 45[−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐷 + 3𝑅]

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = −90𝜃𝐶 − 45𝜃𝐷 + 135𝑅

12 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝐾𝐷𝐶 (−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐶 + 𝑅𝐷𝐶 )

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 0 + 45[−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐶 + 3𝑅]

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = −90𝜃𝐷 − 45𝜃𝐶 + 135𝑅

Using Joint Conditions, establish equations for the determination of rotations.

MCB
MAB B C MDC
MBC
A MCD D
MBA
JOINT A JOINT B JOINT C JOINT D
MAB = 0 MBA + MBC = 0 MCB + MCD = 0 MDC = 0

At Joint A
𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 0

−1
(−80𝜃𝐴 − 40𝜃𝐵 + 160𝑅 = 0 ) ( )
40

(𝟐𝜽𝑨 + 𝜽𝑩 − 𝟒𝑹 = 𝟎 ) 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏

At Joint B

𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = 0

−80𝜃𝐵 − 40𝜃𝐴 + 160𝑅 − 96𝜃𝐵 − 48𝜃𝐶 = 0

−1
(−40𝜃𝐴 − 176𝜃𝐵 − 48𝜃𝐶 + 160𝑅 = 0) ( )
8

(𝟓𝜽𝑨 + 𝟐𝟐𝜽𝑩 + 𝟔𝜽𝑪 − 𝟐𝟎𝑹 = 𝟎) 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐

At Joint C

𝑀𝐶𝐵 + 𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0

−1
(−96𝜃𝐶 − 48𝜃𝐵 − 90𝜃𝐶 − 45𝜃𝐷 + 135𝑅 = 0) ( )
3

𝟏𝟔𝜽𝑩 + 𝟔𝟐𝜽𝑪 + 𝟏𝟓𝜽𝑫 − 𝟒𝟓𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟑

At Joint D
𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 0

−1
(−90𝜃𝐷 − 45𝜃𝐶 + 135𝑅 = 0) ( )
45

(𝟐𝜽𝑫 + 𝜽𝑪 − 𝟑𝑹 = 𝟎) 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟒

There five unknown rotations, θA, θB, θC, θD, and R. To establish the fifth equation, the
shear condition will be used.

13 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Shear Condition

100 KN B C MBA MCD

B C
3m

4m
A HAB A HAB

MAB
HDC HDC
D D
Figure (b) MDC
5m
Figure (c)
Figure (a)

Figure (a)
∑ 𝑭𝑯 = 𝟎

𝑯𝑨𝑩 + 𝑯𝑫𝑪 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎

Figure (b)
∑ 𝑴𝑩 = 𝟎

𝑯𝑨𝑩 (𝟑) − 𝑴𝑨𝑩 − 𝑴𝑩𝑨 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑯𝑨𝑩 = (−80𝜃𝐴 − 40𝜃𝐵 + 160𝑅 − 80𝜃𝐵 − 40𝜃𝐴 + 160𝑅)
𝟑
𝟑𝟐𝟎
𝑯𝑨𝑩 = −𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑨 − 𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑩 + 𝑹
𝟑

Figure (c)
∑ 𝑴𝑪 = 𝟎

𝑯𝑫𝑪 (𝟒) − 𝑴𝑪𝑫 − 𝑴𝑫𝑪 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑯𝑫𝑪 = (−90𝜃𝐶 − 45𝜃𝐷 + 135𝑅 − 90𝜃𝐷 − 45𝜃𝐶 + 135𝑅)
𝟒
𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟐𝟕𝟎
𝑯𝑫𝑪 = − 𝜽𝑪 − 𝜽𝑫 + 𝑹
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
Substitute

𝑯𝑨𝑩 + 𝑯𝑫𝑪 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎

𝟑𝟐𝟎 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟐𝟕𝟎

−𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑨 − 𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑩 + 𝑹− 𝜽𝑪 − 𝜽𝑫 + 𝑹 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟑 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒

𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟒𝟓

−𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑨 − 𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑩 − 𝜽𝑪 − 𝜽𝑫 + 𝑹 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟓
𝟒 𝟒 𝟔

14 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Solve for the rotations.

𝟐𝜽𝑨 + 𝜽𝑩 − 𝟒𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏

𝟓𝜽𝑨 + 𝟐𝟐𝜽𝑩 + 𝟔𝜽𝑪 − 𝟐𝟎𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐

𝟏𝟔𝜽𝑩 + 𝟔𝟐𝜽𝑪 + 𝟏𝟓𝜽𝑫 − 𝟒𝟓𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟑

𝟐𝜽𝑫 + 𝜽𝑪 − 𝟑𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟒

𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟒𝟓

−𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑨 − 𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑩 − 𝜽𝑪 − 𝜽𝑫 + 𝑹 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟓
𝟒 𝟒 𝟔

Solve simultaneously the five equations.

𝜽𝑨 = 𝟓. 𝟗𝟐𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟕 𝒓𝒂𝒅

𝜽𝑩 = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟎𝟒𝟓𝟔𝟐 𝒓𝒂𝒅

𝜽𝑪 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓𝟒𝟗𝟏𝟖 𝒓𝒂𝒅

𝜽𝑫 = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟗𝟎𝟑𝟎𝟑 𝒓𝒂𝒅

𝑹 = 𝟑. 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟗 𝒓𝒂𝒅

CHECK using equation 5.

𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟒𝟓
−𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑨 − 𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑩 − 𝜽𝑪 − 𝜽𝑫 + 𝑹 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟒 𝟒 𝟔

𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟓
−𝟒𝟎(𝟓. 𝟗𝟐𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟕) − 𝟒𝟎(𝟏. 𝟒𝟎𝟒𝟓𝟔𝟐) − (𝟎. 𝟗𝟓𝟒𝟗𝟏𝟖) − (𝟒. 𝟒𝟗𝟎𝟑𝟎𝟑)
𝟒 𝟒
𝟏𝟎𝟒𝟓
+ (𝟑. 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟗) = 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟔

𝟗𝟗. 𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟑 ≈ 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝒐𝒌𝒂𝒚

Determine the End Moments

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −80𝜃𝐴 − 40𝜃𝐵 + 160𝑅

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −80(5.921417) − 40(1.404562) + 160(3.311849) = 0

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = −80𝜃𝐵 − 40𝜃𝐴 + 160𝑅

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = −80(1.404562) − 40(5.921417) + 160(3.311849) = 180.674 𝐾𝑁. 𝑚⃔

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −96𝜃𝐵 − 48𝜃𝐶

𝑀𝐵𝐶 = −96(1.404562) − 48(0.954918) = −180.674 𝐾𝑁. 𝑚⃔

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = −96𝜃𝐶 − 48𝜃𝐵

𝑀𝐶𝐵 = −96(0.954918) − 48(1.404562) = −159.091 𝐾𝑁. 𝑚⃔

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = −90𝜃𝐶 − 45𝜃𝐷 + 135𝑅

15 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
𝑀𝐶𝐷 = −90(0.954918) − 45(4.490303) + 135(3.311849) = 159.093 𝐾𝑁. 𝑚⃔

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = −90𝜃𝐷 − 45𝜃𝐶 + 135𝑅

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = −90(4.490303) − 45(0.954918) + 135(3.311849) = 0

Also, the horizontal components of the resultant reactions at the supports.

𝟑𝟐𝟎
𝑯𝑨𝑩 = −𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑨 − 𝟒𝟎𝜽𝑩 + 𝑹
𝟑
𝟑𝟐𝟎
𝑯𝑨𝑩 = −𝟒𝟎(𝟓. 𝟗𝟐𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟕) − 𝟒𝟎(𝟏. 𝟒𝟎𝟒𝟓𝟔𝟐) + (𝟑. 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟗) = 𝟔𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟔 𝑲𝑵
𝟑

𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟐𝟕𝟎

𝑯𝑫𝑪 = − 𝜽𝑪 − 𝜽𝑫 + 𝑹
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝟐𝟕𝟎
𝑯𝑫𝑪 = − (𝟎. 𝟗𝟓𝟒𝟗𝟏𝟖) − (𝟒. 𝟒𝟗𝟎𝟑𝟎𝟑) + (𝟑. 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟗) = 𝟑𝟗. 𝟕𝟕𝟒 𝑲𝑵
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒

Summary

𝑴𝑨𝑩 = 𝟎

𝑴𝑩𝑨 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎. 𝟔𝟕𝟒 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑴𝑩𝑪 = −𝟏𝟖𝟎. 𝟔𝟕𝟒 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑴𝑪𝑩 = −𝟏𝟓𝟗. 𝟎𝟗𝟏 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑴𝑪𝑫 = 𝟏𝟓𝟗. 𝟎𝟗𝟑 𝑲𝑵. 𝒎⃕

𝑴𝑫𝑪 = 𝟎

𝑯𝑨𝑩 = 𝟔𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟔 𝑲𝑵

𝑯𝑫𝑪 = 𝟑𝟗. 𝟕𝟕𝟒 𝑲𝑵

Determine the vertical Component of the resultant reactions at the Support.

100 KN B C
2I
3m

I
4m

1.5 I
A
HAB = 60.226 KN
D
VAB HDC = 39.774 KN

5m
VDC

16 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

∑ 𝑴𝑫 = 𝟎

𝑽𝑨𝑩 (𝟓) + 𝑯𝑨𝑩 (𝟏) − 𝟏𝟎𝟎(𝟒) = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑽𝑨𝑩 = (𝟒𝟎𝟎 − 𝟔𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟔) = 𝟔𝟕. 𝟗𝟓𝟓 𝑲𝑵 ↓
𝟓
∑ 𝑴𝑨 = 𝟎

𝑽𝑫𝑪 (𝟓) − 𝑯𝑫𝑪 (𝟏) − 𝟏𝟎𝟎(𝟑) = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑽𝑫𝑪 = (𝟑𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟗. 𝟕𝟕𝟒) = 𝟔𝟕. 𝟗𝟓𝟓 𝑲𝑵 ↑
𝟓
Member analysis

Member AB

BV
∆
60.226 KN 0 180.674 KN.m 0
MBA
B BH

3m θB
θA

A HAB
V - Diag M - Diag Elastic Curve
VAB

∑ 𝑭𝑯 = 𝟎

𝑩𝑯 = 𝑯𝑨𝑩 = 𝟔𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟔 𝑲𝑵

∑ 𝑭𝑽 = 𝟎

𝑩𝑽 = 𝑽𝑨𝑩 = 𝟔𝟕. 𝟗𝟓𝟓 𝑲𝑵

Member BC
∑ 𝑭𝑯 = 𝟎

𝑪𝑯 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 − 𝑩𝑯 = 𝟑𝟗. 𝟕𝟕𝟒 𝑲𝑵

∑ 𝑭𝑽 = 𝟎

𝑪𝑽 = 𝑩𝑽 = 𝟔𝟕. 𝟗𝟓𝟓 𝑲𝑵

17 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

MBC
(100 - BH) C CH
B 5m
MCB
BV CV

0 V - Diagram

67.955 KN
180.674 KN.m

0 M - Diagram

159.091 KN.m

θC
Elastic Curve
θB

Member CD

CV
∆
39.774 KN 0 159.091 KN.m 0
MCD
C CH

4m θC
θD

D HDC
V - Diag M - Diag Elastic Curve
VDC

18 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

180.674 KN.m

159.091 KN.m
180.674 KN.m
B C

159.091 KN.m

M - Diagram

∆ ∆

B B’ C’
C

A
Elastic Curve

19 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Example

Establish the equations for determining the rotations at joints of the rigid frame shown
below by the slope-deflection method.

B D F 150 KN
4I 3I

3m
I
4m

2I

5m
3I
E
A

5m 4m

Solution

There are four unknown rotations, θB, θC, θF, and R, since the rotations at the
supports are all equal to zero.

Determine the relative stiffness, K, and the relative R.

∆ ∆ ∆
150 KN
B 4I D 3I F
3m

I
4m

2I
5m

3I
E
A

5m 4m

𝐼
𝐾=
𝐿
𝐼𝐴𝐵 2𝐼
𝑲𝑨𝑩 = 𝑲𝑩𝑨 = = (60) = 𝟑𝟎
𝐿𝐴𝐵 4

𝐼𝐵𝐷 4𝐼
𝑲𝑩𝑫 = 𝑲𝑫𝑩 = = (60) = 𝟒𝟖
𝐿𝐵𝑑 5

𝐼𝐶𝐷 3𝐼
𝑲𝑪𝑫 = 𝑲𝑫𝑪 = = (60) = 𝟑𝟔
𝐿𝐶𝐷 5

20 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

𝐼𝐷𝐹 3𝐼
𝑲𝑫𝑭 = 𝑲𝑭𝑫 = = (60) = 𝟒𝟓
𝐿𝐷𝐹 4
𝐼𝐸𝐹 𝐼
𝑲𝑬𝑭 = 𝑲𝑭𝑬 = = (60) = 𝟐𝟎
𝐿𝐸𝐹 3

The rotation of the relative R is counterclockwise; thus, their signs are

negative.
∆
𝑅=
𝐿
∆ ∆
𝑹𝑨𝑩 = 𝑹𝑩𝑨 = = (60) = −𝟏𝟓𝑹
𝐿𝐴𝐵 4

0 0
𝑹𝑩𝑫 = 𝑹𝑫𝑩 = = (60) = 𝟎
𝐿𝐵𝐷 5

∆ ∆
𝑹𝑪𝑫 = 𝑹𝑫𝑪 = = (60) = −𝟏𝟐𝑹
𝐿𝐶𝐷 5

0 0
𝑹𝑫𝑭 = 𝑹𝑭𝑫 = = (60) = 𝟎
𝐿𝐷𝐹 4

∆ ∆
𝑹𝑬𝑭 = 𝑹𝑭𝑬 = = (60) = −𝟐𝟎𝑹
𝐿𝐸𝐹 3

Write the End Moment Equations

Member FEM Rel. K Rel. R

AB, BA 0 30 - 15R
BD, DB 0 48 0
CD, DC 0 36 - 12R
DF, FD 0 45 0
EF, FE 0 20 - 20R

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 + 𝐾𝐴𝐵 (−2𝜃𝐴 − 𝜃𝐵 + 𝑅𝐴𝐵 )

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = 0 + 30[0 − 𝜃𝐵 − 15𝑅]

𝑀𝐴𝐵 = −30𝜃𝐵 − 450𝑅

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐴 + 𝐾𝐵𝐴 (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵𝐴 )

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 0 + 30(−2𝜃𝐵 − 0 − 15𝑅)

𝑀𝐵𝐴 = −60𝜃𝐵 − 450𝑅

𝑀𝐵𝐷 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐵𝐷 + 𝐾𝐵𝐷 (−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐷 + 𝑅𝐵𝐷 )

𝑀𝐵𝐷 = 0 + 48[−2𝜃𝐵 − 𝜃𝐷 + 0]

𝑀𝐵𝐷 = −96𝜃𝐵 − 48𝜃𝐷

𝑀𝐷𝐵 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐷𝐵 + 𝐾𝐷𝐵 (−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐵 + 𝑅𝐷𝐵 )

21 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
𝑀𝐷𝐵 = 0 + 48[−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐵 + 0]

𝑀𝐷𝐵 = −96𝜃𝐷 − 48𝜃𝐵

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐶𝐷 + 𝐾𝐶𝐷 (−2𝜃𝐶 − 𝜃𝐷 + 𝑅𝐶𝐷 )

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = 0 + 36[0 − 𝜃𝐷 − 12𝑅]

𝑀𝐶𝐷 = −36𝜃𝐷 − 432𝑅

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 𝐾𝐷𝐶 (−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐶 + 𝑅𝐷𝐶 )

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = 0 + 36[−2𝜃𝐷 − 0 − 12𝑅]

𝑀𝐷𝐶 = −72𝜃𝐷 − 432𝑅

𝑀𝐷𝐹 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐷𝐹 + 𝐾𝐷𝐹 (−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐹 + 𝑅𝐷𝐹 )

𝑀𝐷𝐹 = 0 + 45[−2𝜃𝐷 − 𝜃𝐹 + 0]

𝑀𝐷𝐹 = −90𝜃𝐷 − 45𝜃𝐹

𝑀𝐹𝐷 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐹𝐷 + 𝐾𝐹𝐷 (−2𝜃𝐹 − 𝜃𝐷 + 𝑅𝐹𝐷 )

𝑀𝐹𝐷 = 0 + 45[−2𝜃𝐹 − 𝜃𝐷 + 0]

𝑀𝐹𝐷 = −90𝜃𝐹 − 45𝜃𝐷

𝑀𝐸𝐹 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐸𝐹 + 𝐾𝐸𝐹 (−2𝜃𝐸 − 𝜃𝐹 + 𝑅𝐸𝐹 )

𝑀𝐸𝐹 = 0 + 20[0 − 𝜃𝐹 − 20𝑅]

𝑀𝐸𝐹 = −20𝜃𝐹 − 400𝑅

𝑀𝐹𝐸 = 𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐹𝐸 + 𝐾𝐹𝐸 (−2𝜃𝐹 − 𝜃𝐸 + 𝑅𝐹𝐸 )

𝑀𝐹𝐸 = 0 + 20[−2𝜃𝐹 − 0 − 20𝑅]

𝑀𝐹𝐸 = −40𝜃𝐹 − 400𝑅

Joint Conditions

Joint B
𝑴𝑩𝑨 + 𝑴𝑩𝑫 = 𝟎

−60𝜃𝐵 − 450𝑅 − 96𝜃𝐵 − 48𝜃𝐷 = 0

−1
(−156𝜃𝐵 − 48𝜃𝐷 − 450𝑅 = 0) ( )
2

𝟕𝟖𝜽𝑩 + 𝟐𝟒𝜽𝑫 + 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏

22 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method

MDB MFD
B D F
MBD
MDF
MBA MDC MFE
JOINT B
JOINT D JOINT F
MBA + MBD = 0
MDB + MDF + MDC = 0 MFD + MFE = 0
MAB MCD MEF
A C E

MA MC ME
JOINT A JOINT C JOINT E
MAB = MA MCD = MC MEF = ME

Joint D
𝑴𝑫𝑩 + 𝑴𝑫𝑭 + 𝑴𝑫𝑪 = 𝟎

−96𝜃𝐷 − 48𝜃𝐵 − 90𝜃𝐷 − 45𝜃𝐹 − 72𝜃𝐷 − 432𝑅 = 0

−1
(−48𝜃𝐵 − 258𝜃𝐷 − 45𝜃𝐹 − 432𝑅 = 0) ( )
3

𝟏𝟔𝜽𝑩 + 𝟖𝟔𝜽𝑫 + 𝟏𝟓𝜽𝑭 + 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐

Joint F
𝑴𝑭𝑫 + 𝑴𝑭𝑬 = 𝟎

−90𝜃𝐹 − 45𝜃𝐷 − 40𝜃𝐹 − 400𝑅 = 0

−1
(−130𝜃𝐹 − 45𝜃𝐷 − 400𝑅 = 0) ( )
5

𝟐𝟔𝜽𝑭 + 𝟗𝜽𝑫 + 𝟖𝟎𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟑

23 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Shear Condition

B D F 150 KN
4I 3I

3m
I
4m

2I

5m
3I
E
A HEF
HAB
C
HCD
5m 4m
Figure (a)

MBA MDC MFE

B D F

3m
4m

5m

HEF E
MEF
HAB
A
MAB HCD Figure (d)
C
Figure (b) MCD
Figure (c)

Figure (a)
∑ 𝑭𝑯 = 𝟎

𝑯𝑨𝑩 + 𝑯𝑪𝑫 + 𝑯𝑬𝑭 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎

Figure (b)
∑ 𝑴𝑩 = 𝟎

𝑯𝑨𝑩 (𝟒) − 𝑴𝑨𝑩 − 𝑴𝑩𝑨 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑯𝑨𝑩 = (−30𝜃𝐵 − 450𝑅 − 60𝜃𝐵 − 450𝑅)
𝟒
𝟒𝟓
𝑯𝑨𝑩 = − 𝜽 − 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝑹
𝟐 𝑩

Figure (c)
∑ 𝑴𝑫 = 𝟎

𝑯𝑪𝑫 (𝟓) − 𝑴𝑪𝑫 − 𝑴𝑫𝑪 = 𝟎

24 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
𝟏
𝑯𝑪𝑫 = (−36𝜃𝐷 − 432𝑅 − 72𝜃𝐷 − 432𝑅)
𝟓
𝟏𝟎𝟖 𝟖𝟔𝟒
𝑯𝑪𝑫 = − 𝜽𝑫 − 𝑹
𝟓 𝟓

Figure (d)
∑ 𝑴𝑭 = 𝟎

𝑯𝑬𝑭 (𝟑) − 𝑴𝑬𝑭 − 𝑴𝑭𝑬 = 𝟎

𝟏
𝑯𝑬𝑭 = (−20𝜃𝐹 − 400𝑅 − 40𝜃𝐹 − 400𝑅)
𝟑
𝟖𝟎𝟎
𝑯𝑬𝑭 = −𝟐𝟎𝜽𝑭 − 𝑹
𝟑

Substitute

𝑯𝑨𝑩 + 𝑯𝑪𝑫 + 𝑯𝑬𝑭 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎

𝟒𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟖 𝟖𝟔𝟒 𝟖𝟎𝟎

− 𝜽𝑩 − 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝑹 − 𝜽𝑫 − 𝑹 − 𝟐𝟎𝜽𝑭 − 𝑹 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎
𝟐 𝟓 𝟓 𝟑
𝟒𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟖 𝟗𝟗𝟔𝟕
− 𝜽𝑩 − 𝜽𝑫 − 𝟐𝟎𝜽𝑭 − 𝑹 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟒
𝟐 𝟓 𝟏𝟓

Equations for the determination of the rotations

𝟕𝟖𝜽𝑩 + 𝟐𝟒𝜽𝑫 + 𝟐𝟐𝟓𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏

𝟏𝟔𝜽𝑩 + 𝟖𝟔𝜽𝑫 + 𝟏𝟓𝜽𝑭 + 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐

𝟐𝟔𝜽𝑭 + 𝟗𝜽𝑫 + 𝟖𝟎𝑹 = 𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟑

𝟒𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟖 𝟗𝟗𝟔𝟕
𝜽𝑩 + 𝜽𝑫 + 𝟐𝟎𝜽𝑭 + 𝑹 = −𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟒
𝟐 𝟓 𝟏𝟓

25 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Example
Determine the relative R for each member of the given rigid frame below.

∆1 ∆1
P1 D E

3m
∆2 ∆2

P2 C
F

3m
∆3 ∆3
P3 B
G

4m
A H

The rotation of the relative R is clockwise; thus, their signs are positive.
∆
𝑅=
𝐿
𝑭𝒊𝒓𝒔𝒕 𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒚 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎⃕𝒏𝒔

∆𝟑 ∆𝟑
𝑹𝑨𝑩 = 𝑹𝑩𝑨 = 𝑹𝑯𝑮 = 𝑹𝑮𝑯 = = = 𝑹𝟏
𝑳𝑨𝑩 𝟒

𝑺𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒅 𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒚 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎⃕𝒏𝒔

∆𝟐 − ∆𝟑 ∆𝟐 − ∆𝟑
𝑹𝑩𝑪 = 𝑹𝑪𝑩 = 𝑹𝑮𝑭 = 𝑹𝑭𝑮 = = = 𝑹𝟐
𝑳𝑩𝑪 𝟑

𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒓𝒅 𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒚 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎⃕𝒏𝒔

∆𝟏 − ∆𝟐 ∆𝟏 − ∆𝟐
𝑹𝑪𝑫 = 𝑹𝑫𝑪 = 𝑹𝑭𝑬 = 𝑹𝑬𝑭 = = = 𝑹𝟑
𝑳𝑪𝑫 𝟑

𝑺𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒅 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑩𝒆𝒂𝒎⃕

0
𝑹𝑩𝑮 = 𝑹𝑮𝑩 = =𝟎
𝐿𝐵𝐺

𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒓𝒅 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑩𝒆𝒂𝒎⃕

0
𝑹𝑪𝑭 = 𝑹𝑭𝑪 = =𝟎
𝐿𝐶𝐹

𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒇 𝑩𝒆𝒂𝒎⃕

0
𝑹𝑫𝑬 = 𝑹𝑬𝑫 = =𝟎
𝐿𝐷𝐸

26 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Solution

There are nine unknown rotations, six are the rotations at the joints except
the joints at support (support are fixed, thus rotation at supports are equal
to zero) and R1, R2, R3.

Six equations will be established using the joint conditions and the three
other equations will be established using the shear condition applying it on
each on the three story.

First Story Shear Condition

∆1 ∆1
P1 D E

3m
∆2 ∆2

P2 C
F
3m

∆3 ∆3
MBA MGH
P3 B
G
4m

A HAB H HHG HAB HHG

MAB MHG

𝑯𝑨𝑩 + 𝑯𝑯𝑮 = 𝑷𝟏 + 𝑷𝟐 + 𝑷𝟑 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏

𝟏
𝑯𝑨𝑩 = (𝑴𝑨𝑩 + 𝑴𝑩𝑨 )
𝟒
𝟏
𝑯𝑯𝑮 = (𝑴 + 𝑴𝑯𝑮 )
𝟒 𝑮𝑯

27 | 2 8 cblamsis
Theory of Structures 2
University of the Cordilleras Slope Deflection Method
Second Story Shear Condition

P1

MCB MFG
P2 C
F

3m

HBC HGF HBC HGF

B G

MBC MGF

𝑯𝑩𝑪 + 𝑯𝑮𝑭 = 𝑷𝟏 + 𝑷𝟐 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟐

𝟏
𝑯𝑩𝑪 = (𝑴𝑩𝑪 + 𝑴𝑪𝑩 )
𝟑
𝟏
𝑯𝑮𝑭 = (𝑴 + 𝑴𝑭𝑮 )
𝟑 𝑮𝑭

Third Story Shear Condition

P1 D E MDC MEF

3m

C HCD F HFE HCD HFE

MCD MFE

𝑯𝑪𝑫 + 𝑯𝑭𝑬 = 𝑷𝟏 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟑

𝟏
𝑯𝑪𝑫 = (𝑴𝑪𝑫 + 𝑴𝑫𝑪 )
𝟑
𝟏
𝑯𝑭𝑬 = (𝑴𝑭𝑬 + 𝑴𝑬𝑭 )
𝟑

Joint Conditions
- Six joints available – six equations to be established.
𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟒
𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟓
𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟔
𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟕
𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟖
𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟗

28 | 2 8 cblamsis