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Ial Maths p3 Ex2d
Ial Maths p3 Ex2d
1 a i y ℝ c i y ℝ
iv iv
d i y ℝ
b i y ℝ
ii Let y = f(x)
ii Let y = f(x) y = x3 − 7
x5 x 3 y 7
y
2 f−1(x) = 3
x7
x 2y 5
f−1(x) = 2x − 5 iii The domain of f−1(x) is x ℝ
The range of f−1(x) is y ℝ
iii The domain of f−1(x) is x ℝ
The range of f−1(x) is y ℝ iv
iv
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2 a Range of f is f ( x ) ℝ 3
Let y = f(x)
y = 10 − x
x = 10 − y
−1
f (x) = 10 − x, {x ∈ ℝ}
b Range of f is f ( x ) ℝ
Let y = g(x)
x
y
5
x 5y
−1
g (x) = 5x, {x ∈ ℝ}
g : x| → 4 − x, {x ∈ ℝ, x > 0}
c Range of f is f ( x ) 0 g has range {g(x) ∈ ℝ, g(x) < 4}
Let y = h(x)
3 The inverse function is g 1 ( x ) 4 x
y
x Now {Range g} {Domain g 1}
3
x and {Domain g} {Range g}
y
Hence, g−1(x) = 4 − x, {x ∈ ℝ, x < 4}
3
h−1(x) = , {x 0}
x Although g( x) and g 1 ( x) have identical
d Range of f is f ( x ) ℝ equations, their domains and hence ranges
Let y = k(x) are different, and so are not identical.
y=x−8
x=y+8 4 a i Maximum value of g when x 3
k−1(x) = y + 8, {x ∈ ℝ} 1
Hence {g(x) ∈ ℝ, 0 < g(x) ≤ }
3
1
ii g 1 ( x )
x
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4 a iv 4 c i g x as x 2
Hence {g(x) ∈ ℝ, g(x) > 0}
3 2y 3
ii Letting y x
x2 y
2x 3
Hence g 1 ( x )
x
b i Minimum value of g x 1 iv
when x 0
Hence {g(x) ∈ ℝ, g(x) ≥ −1}
y 1
ii Letting y 2 x 1 x
2
x 1
Hence g 1 ( x)
2
ii Letting y x 3 x y 2 3
Hence g 1 ( x ) x 2 3
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4 d iv 4 f iii Domain g–1 = Range g
Domain g−1 :{x ∈ ℝ, x ≥ 0}
e i 22 2 6
Hence {g(x) ∈ ℝ, g(x) > 6}
ii Letting y = x2 + 2
y − 2 = x2
x = y2
Hence g−1(x) = x2
5 t(x) = x2 − 6x + 5, {x ∈ ℝ, x ≥ 5}
iii Domain g–1 = Range g
Domain g−1 :{x ∈ ℝ, x > 6}
Range g–1 = Domain g Let y x 2 6 x 5
g 1 ( x) , y ( x 3)2 9 5 (completing the square)
1
Range g ( x) :
g 1 ( x) 2 y ( x 3)2 4
iv This has a minimum point at (3, 4)
ii Letting y x3 8 x 3 y 8
Hence g−1(x) = 3
x 8
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5 (continued) 6 c Domain of m−1(x): {x ∈ ℝ, x > 5}
2x 1
c Let y and find x as a
x2
function of y
y ( x 2) 2 x 1
yx 2 y 2 x 1
yx 2 x 2 y 1
x( y 2) 2 y 1
For m( x) to have an inverse it must 2 y 1
x
be one-to-one. Hence the least value y2
of a is 2 2x 1
So h 1 ( x) , x , x 2
x2
b Changing the subject of the formula:
y ( x 2) 2 5
y 5 ( x 2) 2
y 5 x 2
y 5 2 x
Hence m 1 ( x ) x 5 2
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7 d If an element b is mapped to itself, 3 x
then h(b ) b 9 st(x) = s
x
2b 1 3
b 3 x
b2 x 1
2b 1 b (b 2)
3
2b 1 b 2 2b 3 x x
x
x
0 b 2 4b 1
3
4 16 4 4 20 st(x) = t
b x 1
2 2
3 x31
42 5
2 5 3
x 1
2
3 x 3 3
x 1
The elements 2 5 and 2 5 get
3
x 1
mapped to themselves by the function. x
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10 b If f( a ) f 1 ( a) then a is negative 11 d Let y = g(x)
(see graph). y = ln(x − 4)
ey = x − 4
Solve f(a) a x = ey + 4
2a 2 3 a g−1(x) = ex + 4
2a 2 a 3 0 Range of g(x) is g(x) ∈ℝ,
so domain of g−1(x) is { x ℝ}
(2a 3)(a 1) 0
3 e g−1(x) = 11
a , 1 ex + 4 = 11
2
Therefore a 1 ex = 7
x = ln7
x = 1.95
3( x 2) 2
12 a f(x) =
x x 20 x 4
2
3( x 2) 2
=
( x 5)( x 4) x 4
3( x 2) 2( x 5)
=
( x 5)( x 4) ( x 5)( x 4)
3 x 6 2 x 10
=
( x 5)( x 4)
11 a Range of f(x) is f(x) > −5 x4
=
( x 5)( x 4)
b Let y = f(x) 1
y = ex − 5 = , x4
x5
ex = y + 5
x = ln(y + 5) b The range of f is
−1
f (x) = ln(x + 5) 1
Range of f(x) is f(x) > −5, {f(x) ∈ ℝ, f(x) < }
9
so domain of f−1(x) is {x ∈ ℝ, x > −5}
c Let y = f(x)
c
1
y=
x5
yx + 5y = 1
yx = 1 − 5y
1 5y
x=
y
1
x = 5
y
1
f−1(x) = 5
x
The domain of f−1(x) is
1
{x ∈ ℝ, x > and x ≠ 0}
9
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