Community Engagement

Solidarity and Citizenship 12

Quarter 1
Module 1
1. Definitions (Community,
Community Dynamics,
Community Action &
Applied Social Sciences)

2. Community Dynamics
Community Engagement Solidarity and Citizenship
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Definitions (Community, Community Dynamics, Community
Action and Applied Social Sciences. / Community Dynamics

First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency
or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment
of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Arnold L. Espinas / Contributor – Segundino L. Maraño
Editor: Danim R. Majerano
Reviewers: Cerina V. Galoy (Technical)
Illustrator: Arnold L. Espinas
Layout Artist: Clifchard D. Valente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City

Community Engagement
Solidarity and Citizenship 12
Quarter 1
Module1
1. Definitions (Community, Community
Dynamics, Community Action &
Applied Social Sciences)

2. Community Dynamics
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Community Engagement Solidarity and Citizenship 12 Self-

Learning Module on Definitions (Community, Community Dynamics, Community Action
& Applied Social Sciences) / Community Dynamics!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-in-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin, in partnership with
the City Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The
writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential
Learning Competencies (MELC) in developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do
the tasks included in the module.
 For the learner:

Welcome to the Community Engagement Solidarity and Citizenship 12 Self-

Learning Module on Definitions (Community, Community Dynamics, Community Action
& Applied Social Sciences) / Community Dynamics!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process
the contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills that you
will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson at

hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts and

skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and application of

the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Examine the various realities in one’s community in relation to the concepts being
discussed.

2. Be able to show mastery of the concepts on community and community dynamics.

PRETEST

Try how much you know about lesson 1 as of this moment. Read carefully each item
and answer true if you think the statement is correct or false if you think otherwise. Kindly
request the assistance of anyone in your household to help in evaluating your performance
in this activity.

1. It is easy for the people in an urban community to develop a common behavioral pattern
or culture. __________

2. Migration is an example of a community of identity. ___________

3. Political system is an essential structure of a community. __________

4. Urban centers are multi-cultural because the people are usually migrants from
different places who desire for better opportunities. __________

5. Journalism is one of the profession that fall within the category of applied social
sciences. __________

RECAP

In this subject you are expected to reflect, recall and utilized the various concepts
you learned from your previous specialized subjects as a HUMSS student. This includes
Understanding Culture Society and Politics, Discipline and Ideas in the Social Sciences,
Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences and the Philippine Politics and
Governance. This is now the application stage of those learnings and hopefully it will guide
you into becoming a community oriented person or a person for others.
 LESSON

LET’S GET GOING: Start-up activity

Take a look at the following pictures and try to relate them to you community. I do
hope the idea that you will generate from this activity will help you in the ensuing lessons.

Photo credits to abs-

Photo credits to phistar.com cbn.news.com Photo credits to dreamstime.com

The images above show different realities in many communities in the urban areas
like Pasig City. Are they common in your community too? What are the reasons behind
the differences in the activities each individual play in the community? Every community
presents multi-faceted and very complicated social realities but each community is unique.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:

1. Community. A dynamic social grouping whose members settle in a specific

geographical space, submit to a common political institution, engage in socio-economic
activities and share common cultural views.

People selling fish in a community comprise of An example of a modern community in an

Sama Badjau and Tausug (source: urban area.
UNHCR/Roger Arnold 26 Sep 2019). (Photo source: DMCI Homes).
 In general view there are three types of communities namely:

a. Geographical community – as stated earlier it is basically a group of people

occupying a definite physical space within which the people do their social activities
and functions.

b. Community of identity – representing various kinds of differentiations such as

gender, ethnicity or physical abilities.

c. Community of interests – composed of people sharing common interests like artists,

pet lovers, sports enthusiasts, musicians among others.

However, in this module we will be focusing more on the geographic community

since it play hosts to the other communities.

2. Community Dynamics – consist of the structures that function and interact with each
other creating a process that bring changes to the community as manifested in the ways
of life of the people. The interactions may also cause changes in the structures themselves.

Education which fall under the Illustration 1: Showing how the

cultural structure is an effective agent interactions of the different community
of change in any communities (source: structure affect the people of the
economist.com) community (photo credit to
manilachannel.com)

3. Community Action – includes various activities aimed at empowering people towards

becoming active contributors to the community building process. Community actions may
come in different modalities.
 Illustration 2: Different community action modalities contributing to the
community development process.

POWER UP YOUR MIND. READ!!!

The Philippines has undergone rapid urbanization which continues to this day.
From 2000- 2010 the urban population increased at an annual average of 3.3%, making
it one of the fastest urbanizing countries in the Asia-Pacific. In the last 50 years the urban
population has increased by over 50 million, and in 2050 102 million people (over 65%
of the total population) will reside in cities (World Bank 2017a). In 2010, 41.9 million of
the Philippines’ population of 92.3 million lived in urban areas (Philippines Statistics
Authority 2013)1 , cities accounted for over 70% of GDP, and the seven largest urban
areas hosted 54% of formal jobs (World Bank 2017a).

Source: An Overview of Internal Migration in the Philippines (bangkok.unesco.org)

4. Applied Social Sciences – are disciplines or occupations that utilize perspectives and
theories developed by experts in various fields of social sciences for application to different
situations in the daily lives of an individual or a community. Considered under this
category are professions in social work, counseling, journalism, economics, political
science and psychology.

Social workers determine who are

qualified to receive cash assistance
from the government, based on the
information collected from the people
(source: Philippine News Agency)
Let’s talk about COMMUNITY DYNAMICS

Community is a group of people who, since they share common physical space, are
bound to establish patterns of interactions, beliefs and practices which lead to the
formation of socio-cultural, political and economic structures that influenced the everyday
life of the people.

There are communities in which the absence of common social characteristics is

very evident in the way of life of the residents and they are often located in urban areas.
Economic opportunities in urban communities encouraged migration of people from
different provinces, although there are also others who came from nearby localities or
barangays. These people bring with them different norms that further complicate the
already diverse social environment. Migrations make it difficult for a community to
progress into one cohesive social organization.

Migration – refers to the movement of a person from one

geographical location to another. It can be internal in which
change of residence happen within the country or external in
which a person migrates to another country.

Every community manifests a need to have one institution that will establish and
maintain order within all forms of social interactions and relations. Conflicting views about
almost everything, which is just normal in a community of human beings, could cause
problems to the inhabitants if there are no set of standards for behavior. There is no
guarantee that everyone will perfectly abide by those standards which is why communities
tend to complement their rules with corresponding sanctions for defiant behaviors.

Interactions within the community take different forms. These interactions are
relative to socio-economic status, gender, age, blood relationships, political and religious
views among others. And they are responsible to the many changes that occur in the
community.

Different kinds of interactions are taking place in the picture. Can you cite
some of them? (Photo source: restreets.org)
 ACTIVITY

Direction: Review all important words discussed or mentioned in Lesson 1 and take on
the challenge with this crossword puzzle.

WRAP-UP

That’s a very productive start up to this subject. Before you proceed to the next
module give yourself a little time to assess how much you’ve gone in the first module. What
makes your community different from the community of identity and community of
interest? How did the different social interactions contribute to the development of you
community?
 VALUING

After completing this module I hope you can find time to reflect on how much you
know about your community. Being a member makes you responsible to the community
development process. More so with your situation as a senior high school student and
already positioning yourself for a college degree or an employment. How do you see yourself
after 10 years? Are you still in your present community? Or are you an active contributor
to the community building process? I hope you can share your answers to your parents
or any members of your household.

POSTTEST

I. True or False: Read each item carefully. You just have to identify which statement is
correct by answering true or if otherwise you just write false on the space provided.

1. Migration is an example of a community of identity. ___________

2. Journalism is one of the professions that fall within the category of applied social
sciences. __________

3. Political system is an essential structure of a community. __________

4. It is easy for the people in an urban community to develop a common behavioral pattern
or cultural practices. __________

5. Urban centers are multi-cultural because the people are usually migrants from
different places who desire for better opportunities. __________
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5. True 4. False 3. True 1. False 2. True

Posttest: True or False

6. Urban 4. Migration 2. Education

5. Rural 3. Community 1. Journalism
Crossword Puzzle

5. True 4. True 3. True 1. False 2. False

Pretest: True or False
ANSWER:

References
Journal:

UNESCO, UNDP, IOM and UN-Habitat. Overview of Internal Migration in the Philippines.
Accessed on May 25, 2020
https://bangkok.unesco.org/sites/default/files/assets/article/Social%20and
%20Human%20Sciences/publications/philippines.pdf

Books:

Baleña, Ederlina D. Lucero, Dolores M. & Peralta, Arnel M. 2016. Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics. Quezon City: Educational Resources Corporation.

Zulueta, Francisco M. 2002. General Sociology (Revised Edition). Mandaluyong City:

Academic Publishing Corporation.

Photos and Illustrations:

ABS-CBN News - Vico Sotto says Pasig to follow gov't ban on tricycles, March 19 2020,
accessed May 21, 2020 news.abs-cbn.com https://news.abs-
cbn.com/news/vico-sotto-says-pasig-to-follow-govt-ban-on-tricycles

Arnold Roger - UNHCR helps community at risk of statelessness, September 26 2019,

accessed May 21, 2020 UNHCR Philippines https://www.unhcr.org/ph/16600-
ensuring-the-rights-of-nomadic-seafarers.html/philippines-unhcr-helps-
community-at-risk-of-statelessness

Bookwidgets - Crossword Puzzle, May 28 2020 accessed June 2 2020

https://www.bookwidgets.com/a/widgets/6186590601740288

DMCI Homes - Riverfront Residences, accessed May 21 2020, dmcihomes.com

https://www.dmcihomes.com/riverfront-residences

DSWD - DSWD urges public not to harass SAP personnel, April 22 2020, accessed May
25 2020, Philippine News Agency https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1100666
Manila Channel - Gallup poll claims PH as third-happiest country, January 3 2018,
accessed June 2, 2020 https://www.manilachannel.com/general-news/gallup-
poll-claims-ph-as-third-happiest-country/

Pinzon Jun - A food vendor cooks fish balls, sausages and quail eggs which he sells on a
food cart, June 21 2016 accessed May 21, 2020 dreamstime.com
https://www.dreamstime.com/photos-images/street-cart-fish-man.html

Press Association - The Philippine president’s zany ideas have not hurt the economy,
August 19 2017, accessed May 21 2020, economist.com
https://www.economist.com/asia/2017/08/19/the-philippine-presidents-
zany-ideas-have-not-hurt-the-economy

Santos Boy - Kids with disabilities most vulnerable to disasters, July 23 2018, accessed
May 21 2020, philstar.com https://www.philstar.com/headlines/kids-
disabilities-most-vulnerable-disasters

Social Gathering, accessed May 21, 2020 restreets.org https://www.restreets.org/social-

gathering