Microprocessors and Microsystems 81 (2021) 103671

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Microprocessors and Microsystems

journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/micpro

Research paper

Animal tumor medical image analysis based on image processing

techniques and embedded system
Tengfei Wu a, Zhiguang Yang b, *
a
Department of Laboratory Animal Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
b
Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T

Keywords: In terms of image segmentation and classification has been a lot of effort. To this end, various techniques have
Image segmentation been employed. Image segmentation has great value, especially in the field of bio-medicine for disease diagnosis.
Techniques Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and embedded systems play a very important role in medical imaging
Bio-medicine
tumors in animal studies neuroscience research. Embodiment’s variety of techniques can improve the accuracy of
Grayscale images
the results of the composition. In this context, efforts to increase the diagnosis’s accuracy made lists of previous
FPGA and embedded systems
studies and researchers in various targets. This study aims to propose a model for the FPGA and embedded
systems to assess grayscale images’ impact. Such a combination may provide better results and contribute to a
more effective disease diagnosis in the shortest possible time. By introducing a more accurate and more efficient
diagnosis of cancer models, the study contributed to image processing. According to this model, the present
research includes other tasks: Classification and overview of a combination with other methods described.
Recommendations for using segmentation techniques gradation FPGA and embedded system model. Improve
diagnosis of animal tumor medical tumor for timely and effective treatment.

1. Introduction
By animal tumor cells in vivo, noninvasive detection can be
enhanced assessment of potential anti-tumor therapy. Since the light can
penetrate mammalian tissue, and therefore may be used to monitor
bioluminescent transplanted into immunodeficient mice grow labeled
human cervical cancer (of HeLa) cells and regression. In vitro effector
cells using the T cell proliferation of human origin to evaluate chemo­
therapy and immunotherapy’s effectiveness.
Untreated, the signal strength of the animal gradually increased over
time. Animals treated with cisplatin showed a significant reduction of
the tumor signal: 5′ -fluorouracil invalid, cyclophosphamide invalid.
Immunotherapy significantly reduced at the high signal ratio of effector
target cells, significantly reduced rate at a low signal. The model system
of tumor cells can increase kinetics sensitive, quantitative, real-time
analysis of space-time, thereby facilitating rapid and effective treat­
ment optimization.
Early prediction simplified and Positron Emission Tomography
(PET) / Computed Tomography (CT) and X-ray treatment model / CT
apparatus. Higher image resolution requests require a microarray with a
fine shape and a complex signal analysis software photon and electron/
hardware system. These systems require a large amount of image data to
provide high precision and ultra-high-speed processing. Besides, each
device needs to be cheaper, longer service life to reduce patient costs.
This requires a more flexible system and maintaining the functions and
algorithms throughout the equipment lifecycle.
Flexible algorithm deployment and integration necessitates modern
electronic programmable system components, such as high-performance
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). Effective development of
flexible medical imaging equipment needs to consider several factors.
Image algorithm development requires advanced visual modeling tools
to improve Digital Signal Processing (DSP) continuously.
Near real-time analysis of the required performance need software-
hardware platforms. These processing platforms to meet the different
needs of price performance and the ability to bridge the integration of
multiple imaging modes. System architects and design engineers need to
use the latest tools, and Intellectual Property (IP) library quickly split
and debug algorithms on these platforms to accelerate deployment and
increase profitability.
Taking into account these factors, Altera offers modular Video and

* Corresponding author.
E-mail address: Tfwu1981@126.com (Z. Yang).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103671
Received 19 November 2020; Received in revised form 8 December 2020; Accepted 13 December 2020
Available online 17 December 2020
0141-9331/© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
T. Wu and Z. Yang
Image Processing (VIP). This is an important building block IP module
and may accelerate imaging algorithms’ development in senior Field
Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) embodiment. VIP Suite includes
extensive collection module functions, as well as other Altera® and
partner IP modules and reference designs (IQ modems, JPEG2000
compression, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) / Inverse Fast Fourier
Transform (IFFT), edge detection, etc.).) Provided. Concessions. Tools
can be used to design devices and exemplary OEM kit using Altera’s
acceleration computationally intensive tasks of the Field Programmable
Gate Arrays (FPGA) to realize the benefits of IP FPGA and image algo­
rithm and in today’s systems. It is emphasized.
3D- the computing company has developed innovative medical
technology based on Altera’s FPGA is called a screening of 3D body (3D-
CBS). 3D-CBS is expected to be safe enough for the regular preventive
patient the test to transform the use of its Positron Emission Tomography
(PET) technology. Altera 3D is possible to perform an accurate inspec­
tion than this technique the patient’s body, using only four scans prior%
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) of radiation received, to calculate
the appliance to the processing speed of the algorithm.
Recommend using the current Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
technology for systemic screening of healthy people and take precau­
tionary measures, leading to overexposure to radiation. The current
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) technology is also very slow and
expensive so that the face of rising health costs cannot use every day.
The system used in multiple ways 3DCBS Altera Field Programmable
Gate Arrays (FPGA). The most important is the FPGA matrix, which
performs the required rapid processing. The higher the photons’ per­
centage, the more accurately and efficiently capture is emitted from the
patient. As a result, reducing the patient’s level of radiation exposure
and image quality is improved.
2. Literature survey
Color is an important visual function of the image. The human eye is
sensitive to light. It includes color, saturation, and value. You are to
describe the color, and you need to complete at least three numbers.
Color space is a subset of the 3-dimensional color space of visible light.
Normally, the image has been obtained in the RGB color space, the
image search application, suitable for the HSV-space model’s human
vision. Accordingly, in the image processing, and converts the RGB to
generally HSV. To convert the direct color space medicated food image,
use MATLAB software features [1].
Medical technology is developing every day to provide better service
to more and more patients. To provide better service and better identify
the disease, ultrasound, computed tomography and X-rays, and other
medical images need to be doubled. However, some of the image in­
tensity and contrast are low, making it difficult for the doctor to di­
agnose the disease. Image blur observed [2]. During the surgery,
pinpointing the problem is very important. Therefore, in the medical
field, increasing the intensity of the image and detects the edge of the
object of interest is a matter of concern. Diagnostic and research appli­
cations need to image feature extraction [3].
With the continued development of medical imaging and computer
technology, there are many ways to offer various advanced clinical
diagnostic imaging equipment. Different medical images provide in­
formation about different organs. These images reflect a variety of in­
formation about human organs and pathological changes. For example,
the following Computed Tomography (CT) image has a strong spatial
resolution and shape. The bone image is very clear, and good criteria for
locating lesions provide relatively low soft-tissue contrast. I can. MR
images reflect anatomical structures such as soft tissues, organs, and
blood vessels. Images can be used to determine the extent of lesions, but
images are not sensitive to bone or calcified tissue. MR images cannot
reflect the effects on human tissue information and may be subject to
distorted magnetic interference geometry [4].
In the digital imaging technology, the new model can be used in the
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Microprocessors and Microsystems 81 (2021) 103671
field of medical research. These models are not related to the diagnosis
based on the previous image. An example of this color visible image for
many potential applications in dermatology and the use of the thermal
infrared image is increasing. In this environment, a fusion image has
been acquired through simultaneous analysis in several ways that are
becoming increasingly important. [5].
Most advanced medical imaging techniques, such as a Computer
Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging, to provide
detailed and accurate anatomic and functional information of the in­
ternal structure and organs. Information can be, it will be used for a wide
diagnosis and treatment plan. It has become a tool to be used. As a result,
the medical image database continues to grow; valuable patient data is
accumulated. This is not only not based on the case. A new method is
necessary to extract the whole patient group, clinically relevant infor­
mation [6].
It can be the potential benefits of medical images directly from the
imaging study of the cardiac cycle. Previous studies have used the car­
diac cycle multimodal structure to assist in the segmentation of the left
ventricle. For Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) patient selec­
tion, knowledge of heart health movement has aroused more interest,
and machinery acquired from imaging data synchronization is not a
better predictor of outcome in some patient’s display [7].
Image processing, to expand the knowledge of applications in
various fields, is considered one of the areas with the rapid growth of
information technology. Consider the image of the core area of robotics
and computer vision, care, and potential applications to improve the
image processing’s automatic image understanding—computer science
and engineering [8].
This can be shortened to simplify debugging and verification
maximum about time-to-market and reconfigurable hardware to its
complex algorithm rapid prototyping and image processing algorithms.
Many image processing applications to detect the object of medical
image processing applications were obtained per second single-layer
operation. You need to do some operations for each pixel of the image
[9].
The latest telemedicine models, including diagnostic imaging, diag­
nosis, diagnosis and treatment, and advances in technology support.
Patients from different countries/regions need a secure way to share
medical records to obtain expert advice. In this case, the medical image
at the forefront of security, the role of encryption shocking. The attack
by opening channels of data transmission of medical information secu­
rity relies on enhanced confidentiality, authentication and availability.
As a result, the reconstruction method has become commonplace with a
combination of specific processing tasks [10, 11].
Intima - media interface is using a threshold segmentation technol­
ogy. A pretreatment step for removing carotid ultrasound speckle
appearing in the image, through Aphelion Dev, morphological tech­
niques may be used in the segmentation algorithm software. Generated
image implemented in Vertex and provide minimal hardware resources
and low power consumption, making it suitable for medical applications
and real-time analysis [12].
Thus, compared to software solutions, the need to accelerate the use
of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) platform. Use it effectively,
share processing results, and are very useful functions and intelligent
networks through the clients. For part of the need to accelerate algo­
rithms, FPGA use is very important. For our algorithm, which is part of
the area calculation. After determining the code analysis and practical
embodiment in the medical environment [13].
The purpose of this is to devise a method of embedding, which will be
described local features of an image is mapped to the image retrieval
problems useful for higher-dimensional representation. First, propose a
new approximation method by linear high-dimensional space nonlinear
function approximation using the latest features and image retrieval
inspired shows the relationship. Then, the function approximation
process of embedding vectors generated aggregated to form a single
representation for image retrieval [14].
T. Wu and Z. Yang
Fig. 1.. Medical Image Analysis implementation.
Image and video processing and analysis tasks occur in the devel­
opment of data processing and vehicle control system, particularly those
systems for automatic detection and tracking of objects. As the number
of vehicles on the road urgent problems, these tasks also appear in the
transport analysis. Image and video analysis algorithms allow accessing
information, including the number of objects moving along the interest
direction. Density object flow; determining object parameters and the
occurrence of emergencies [15].
Based on most of the research and development of these years, the
lack of data does not consider the problems caused by human behavior.
When several interesting technologies emerge, they will have a lot of
information every day. Therefore, data organization and data retrieved
from the database-specific assets have become numerous. It is an
advanced data mining technology in the last century and has played an
important role in the extraction and the extended data. This is seen as a
method of obtaining continuous data users need accurate and valid data
[16].
The attributes of metadata are highly dependent on the configuration
and functions of a technique for capturing a digital image and its further
processing, application-specific function, and range of the described
resources. Semantic metadata includes a description of the structure and
format. Typically, generating an image evaluation can be extracted and
analyzed the following metadata: file type. Vertical dimension; hori­
zontal dimension; compression level; camera model; direction; coded
frame; last modified date; Last execution program shooting date and
time [17].
Image classification has become the latest method in recent years:
image processing techniques, a method using several scientific classifi­
cation similar images having similar colors and textures. A machine-
independent embedded system may be implemented using previous
work by the same method performed in MATLAB [18]. The card runs
embedded Linux data stored in external memory. Linux-based image
processing library building classification algorithm. The rest of this
article will show the image of scientific methods and literature review
classification. Then, introduce the detailed algorithm information and
some of the results with the system performance and accuracy of
3
Microprocessors and Microsystems 81 (2021) 103671
computer-based free card embedded algorithm related [19].
Transmitting the image through the channel is a complex physical
system embedded network step (medium-Earth and remote sensing,
robotic vision, etc.). It is connected to several data transmission break­
point aeronautical communications channel transmission capacity [20].
Please note that the scattering in the latter case has a significant
impact on the US image because the organization usually models a
collection of small dots stuttering. Finally, the first envelope is processed
before the scattered signal in this deep tissue’s real-time display to
visualize the anatomical structure. Recently, the emergence of a new
classification of sound cards, bypassing some of the limitations associ­
ated with conventional tissue characterization methods [21,22].
3. Materials and methods
The image analysis system provides an efficient way to analyze
medical images and detect anomalies in these images. Classification
division for advanced technology applications gray Field Programmable
Gate Arrays (FPGA) using this analysis system can reveal more possible
aspects of the image. This experiment provides the best combination for
the image analysis system. The following is the proposed work graphical
representation.
Fig. 1 shown as the proposed work is divided into two parts. The first
pretreatment, after the second treatment. Tumor Image data sets as
input. The implementation uses ten tumor images, including tumors and
tumor effects from the image. The download image format is .gif, but
need to convert it to a .pang format for easy use in the Mat lab
environment.
3.1. Preprocessing
In the first part, the MR image input is selected from the database.
The filter applied to the image (using the Mat lab commands) to mini­
mize image noise. Please check the image quality. If the image quality is
not good, please reject the image, and select other images from the
database. If so, further processing starts and the next section.
T. Wu and Z. Yang Microprocessors and Microsystems 81 (2021) 103671

Fig. 2.. Image Processing and Analysis.

Fig. 3.. Animal Tumor Medical Image Analysis.

3.2. Post-processing
After step process output as an input portion. The filtered gray image
segmentation using Mat lab commands. The image adjustment process
of the 200 × 200 image matrix. Moving image classification. The depth
image into a neural network technique tumor and non-tumor regions.
3.3. Image processing and analysis methods
Using various image processing methods and techniques to enhance
the image more clearly, perform an accurate diagnosis. Various methods
have been employed for this purpose, but it is limited to a critical step,
such as filtering, segmentation, and feature extraction and classification
selection. The key technology can accurately diagnose the MR image of
the animal tumor medical tumor.
Fig. 2 shows as Image filtering, noise removal, image processing is
the first process. The image uses a specific technique for noise reduction
processing to eliminate the possibility of creep in the collection, trans­
mission, or induced noise during compression—this process improve­
ment and improved image quality, resulting in better, more accurate
results. The image classification process is a type of information
extracted from the multiband raster image. Image segmentation is based
on the dissimilarity of art image into a plurality of portions, and all the
portions (pixels) having similar characteristics. There are three classi­
fication types: a pixel-based classification and a classification based on
the sub-pixels based on the object’s classification. The main focus of this
study is the pixel-based image classification. It can be further divided
into three categories. Unsupervised Classification (User Guide) and un­
supervised classification of the most common methods (calculated by
the software) are, but object-based image analysis is a very rare modern
technology. As described in the first two, this technique uses a high-
resolution image as input.

Fig. 4.. Circuit diagram of Animal Tumor Medical Image Analysis Based On FPGA.

4
T. Wu and Z. Yang
Fig. 5.. Analysis of Animal Tumor Medical Image Analysis.
Table 1.
For analysis of animal tumor medical image analysis.
Comparison methods Accuracy (%) Percentage (%)
SVM 80% 3%
DNN 92% 4%
FPGA 95.60% 5%
4. Result
Medical image analysis, particularly sensitivity bioluminescence,
stably expressing luciferase tumor cells can be transplanted to any
orthotropic sites mice. It has great potential for subsequent tumor gen­
esis, development and metastasis. Can quickly and time-sensitive
manner to conduct surveillance. .. In addition to the luciferase expres­
sion can be transplanted cell lines, more and more based on luciferase
transgenic animal models of spontaneous cancer development is
generated.
Fig. 3 shows an Emitting prostate tumor. Expression of firefly lucif­
erase and SV40 is subject to tissue-specific antigen promoter regulation
of these promoters. The expression of the transgene is limited to the
prostate epithelial cells. The expression of SV40 T antigen induces
prostate tumors in these mice, and from and normal prostate epithelial
cells bioluminescence. With the development of tumors, are increasing
the number of luciferases expressing cells. Thus, bioluminescence shows
that the growth of tumors with increasing time.
Fig. 4 shows the image is applied to the neural network. The neural
network can be fed in principle the above-described simple front.
However, all nodes connected to all the nodes in one layer to the next
layer is very effective. According to domain knowledge or image
structure, a carefully trimmed connection can significantly improve
performance. The artificial neural networks aimed to preserve the
spatial relationships between data, with little connection between the
layers. FPGA input arranged to mesh structure and is provided by
maintaining the relationship between these layers. Each working oper­
ations within a small area in the upper hierarchy. FPGA can represent
the input data very efficiently.
Fig. 5 shows In addition to the proposed Field Programmable Gate
Arrays (FPGA)-based classification, it does not feature extraction.
Characteristic value is obtained from the FPGA itself. Results from ani­
mal tumor medical image classification.
Table 1 for it is suitable for image-oriented tasks. FPGA convolution
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Microprocessors and Microsystems 81 (2021) 103671
Table 2.
Analysis of animal tumor.
Group Surviving Tumor Volume Maximum minimum volume
Animals (cm) (cm)
P 21 1 1
Q 21 35 11.274
R 17 31 32.908
and having a multi-layer active layer, typically dispersed in a layer in the
pool, and using back propagation gradient descent training, similar to
the standard artificial neural network. Additionally, FPGA typically at
the end of a layer fully connected and calculates a final output.
Table 2 shown as therefore, it has low complexity, low precision, and
computation time—the accuracy of the animals’ medical image output
tumors. Finally, based on the probability score values result, the prob­
ability of normal veterinary tumor image of the lowest scores will be
classified as tumor veterinary medical images. Compared with the
normal animal oncologist and image, the animal oncologist image has
the highest probability score value.
5. Conclusion
High precision, high performance, low complexity and efficient
design for medical images classified animal tumors. In animal tumors,
the use of the Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) is medical im­
aging, segmentation-based embedded systems, texture and shape fea­
tures and classification based extraction and performed. Low
complexity. However, a long calculation time and low precision. The
classification has been introduced into the FPGA-based scheme to
improve accuracy further and reduce computation time. Besides, the
results show that the classification of medical images for the animal.
FPGA is a learning method wherein the layer comprises a series of feed-
forward. It is also used to implement the Python language. Network
database for image classification. This is one model pre-trained.
Therefore, the last layer trained. Also, the extraction depth, width and
height from the original pixel values and wherein the Field Program­
mable Gate Arrays (FPGA). Finally, based on the gradient, a decent loss
function is applied to achieve high accuracy. Training calculation ac­
curacy, verification and validation of the loss of accuracy. The training
accuracy rate is 95.60%. Similarly, high precision verification, valida­
tion loss is very low.
T. Wu and Z. Yang Microprocessors and Microsystems 81 (2021) 103671

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operative image analysis based on metadata and methods of searching for
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