COURSE TOPIC 1.

A: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

FUNDAMENTALS

Learning Objectives:
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to answer board-exam-
like questions related to electricity/magnetism fundamentals and electrical circuits.

Course Outline:

The following are the list of topics to be reviewed in this lesson:

 Atomic Structure
 Fundamentals of electricity
 Fundamentals of electronics
 Fundamental electrical quantities
 Magnetism
 Electromagnetism

Course Material:

For review of the above topics, we read and summarize the following materials IN ORDER:
ü Chapter 1 of Teach Yourself Electricity and Electronics 4th ed. by Stan Gibilisco
ü Chapter 2 of Teach Yourself Electricity and Electronics 4th ed. by Stan Gibilisco
ü Chapter 1 of Grob’s Basic Electronics 11th ed. by Mitchel E. Schultz
ü Chapter 2 of Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology 5th ed. by John Bird
ü Chapter 8 of Teach Yourself Electricity and Electronics 4th ed. by Stan Gibilisco
ü Chapter 13 of Grob’s Basic Electronics 11th ed. by Mitchel E. Schultz
ü Chapter 14 of Grob’s Basic Electronics 11th ed. by Mitchel E. Schultz
ü Chapter 7 of Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology 5th ed. by John Bird
ü Chapter 8 of Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology 5th ed. by John Bird
ü Chapter 9 of Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology 5th ed. by John Bird
ü Chapter 11 of Grob’s Basic Electronics 11th ed. by Mitchel E. Schultz

1
Assessment:

 Answer Exercise 1.A (Attached in this Instructional Material)

2
 EXERCISE 1.A

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM FUNDAMENTALS

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for
each item.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Protons are about _________ heavier than electrons.

A. 1,800 times B. less than thrice
C. less D. twice

2. There is a force of attraction between two current-carrying conductors when the current in them is:
A. in opposite directions B. in the same direction
C. of different magnitude D. of the same magnitude

3. The magnetic field due to a current-carrying conductor takes the form of:
A. rectangles B. concentric circles
C. wavy lines D. straight lines radiating outwards

4. Which material has the least number of valence electrons?

A. conductor B. semiconductor
C. insulator D. plastic

5. An ion:
A. Is electrically neutral.
B. Has positive electric charge.
C. Has negative electric charge.
D. Might have either a positive or negative charge.

6. In an atomic structure, what particle that has no charge and therefore has no effect on its atomic charge
A. electrons B. protons
C. neutrons D. nucleons

7. The specified voltage output from an electrical device is 0.55 volts. Technician A says this is equivalent
to 5.5 millivolts. Technician B says it is equivalent to 550 millivolts. Who is correct
A. Technician A.
B. Technician B.
C. Both Technicians A & B.
D. Neither Technicians A nor B.

3
8. The atomic number of an element is determined by:
A. The number of neutrons.
B. The number of protons.
C. The number of neutrons plus the number of protons.
D. The number of electrons.

9. A positive electric pole:

A. Has a deficiency of electrons.
B. Has fewer electrons than the negative pole.
C. Has an excess of electrons.
D. Has more electrons than the negative pole

10. When the north poles of two bar magnets are brought close together, there will be
A. no force B. a downward force
C. a force of attraction D. a force of repulsion

11. Find the magnetic field strength applied to a magnetic circuit of mean length 50 cm when a coil of 400
turns is applied to it carrying a current of 1.2 A
A. 960 At/m B. 820 At/m
C. 667 At/m D. 244 At/m

12. What is the difference between magnetic flux and magnetic flux density?
A. Magnetic flux density is the group of lines of force that make up a magnetic field; magnetic flux is the
flux per area.
B. Magnetic flux is the group of lines of force that make up a magnetic field; magnetic flux density is the
flux per area.
C. Both refer to group of lines of force that make up a magnetic field.
D. Both refer to flux per area.

13. The current needed for a coil of 200 turns to provide a 400 ampere turn magnetizing force is
A. 2 A B. 4 A
C. 6 A D. 8 A

14. A current of 5 A is passed through a 1000-turn coil wound on a circular magnetic circuit of radius 120
mm. Calculate the magnetic field strength.
A. 2030 At/m B. 4024 At/m
C. 6631 At/m D. 8045 At/m

15. Which of the following statements is true regarding hysteresis loss?

P: The energy loss associated with hysteresis is proportional to the area of the hysteresis loop.
Q: Hysteresis loss is greater for hard magnetic materials than soft magnetic materials.
A. P only B. Q only

4
 C. Both P and Q D. Neither P nor Q

16. This refers to the occurrence of a small voltage (a few µV) that is generated on opposite sides of a thin
current-carrying conductor or semiconductor that is in a magnetic field.
A. Hall Effect B. Piexoelectric Effect
C. Faradays Effect D. Lenz Effect

17. An air-gap between two pole pieces is 20 mm in length and the area of the flux path across the gap is
5 cm^2. If the flux required in the air-gap is 0.75 mWb find the m.m.f. necessary.
A. 23870 At B. 2387.0 At
C. 238.70 At D. 23.870 At

18. What refers to the ratio of magnetic flux density to magnetizing force of a material?
A. retentivity B. coercivity
C. permeability D. conductivity

19. A magnetic field strength of 5000 A/m is applied to a circular magnetic circuit of mean diameter 250
mm. If the coil has 500 turns find the current in the coil.
A. 2.45 A B. 4.82 A
C. 7.85 A D. 8.82 A

20. In a compound:
A. There can be just a single atom of an element.
B. There must always be two or more elements.
C. The atoms are mixed in with each other but not joined.
D. There is always a shortage of electrons.

21. A stroke of lightning:

A. Is caused by a movement of holes in an insulator.
B. Has a very low current.
C. Is a discharge of static electricity
D. Builds up between clouds.

22. A 60 W light bulb has a current of 0.5 A flowing through it. Calculate the number of electrons passing
through the cross-section in one hour.
A. 2.2x10^16 electrons
B. 3.1x10^18 electrons
C. 1.1x10^22 electrons
D. 4.0x10^24 electrons

23. What is the flux density in a magnetic field of cross-sectional area 20 sq.cm.having a flux of 3 mWb?
A. 1.5 T B. 3.0 T C. 4.5 T D. 6.0 T

5
24. A backwards-working electric motor is best described as:
A. An inefficient, energy-wasting device.
B. A motor with the voltage connected the wrong way.
C. An electric generator.
D. A magnetic-field generator.

25. In some batteries, chemical energy can be replenished by:

A. Connecting it to a light bulb.
B. Charging it.
C. Discharging it.
D. No means known; when a battery is dead, you have to throw it away.

26. The geomagnetic field:

A. Makes the earth like a huge horseshoe magnet.
B. Runs exactly through the geographic poles.
C. Is what makes a compass work.
D. Is what makes an electromagnet work.

27. The volt is the standard unit of:

A. Current. B. Charge.
C. Electromotive force. D. Resistance.

28. If a wire coil has 100 turns and carries 1.30 A of current, what is the magnetomotive force in gilberts?
A. 130 B. 76.9
C. 164 D. 61.0

29. A conductor carries a current of 10 A at right-angles to a magnetic field having a flux density of 500 mT.
If the length of the conductor in the field is 20 cm, the force on the conductor is:
A. 100 kN B. 1 kN C. 100N D. 1N

30. A steel ring of mean diameter 120 mm is uniformly wound with 1500 turns of wire. When a current of
0.30 A is passed through the coil a flux density of 1.5 T is set up in the steel. Find the relative
permeability of the steel under these conditions.
A. 100 B. 500 C. 1000 D. 500