INDIAN MARITIME UNIVERSITY

(A Central University, Government of India)

December 2016 End Semester Examinations

B.Tech. (Marine Engineering) Third Semester

Electrical Machines - I (UG11T1306/ UG11T2306)

Date : 27.12.2016 Maximum Marks: 100

Time: 3 Hrs Pass Marks : 50
PART- A ( 3 ×10 =
30 Marks)
(Compulsory Questions)

1. a) Explain why leakage flux in a transformer is dependent on load current?

b) What is hysteresis loss?
c) What is understood by magnetizing current in a transformer?
d) Why is an open circuit test performed at rated voltage on low voltage side of the
transformer?
e) Explain why core flux in a transformer is almost constant at rated voltage?
f) Explain Flemming’s Right Hand Rule for emf in a DC machine.
g) Explain Flemming’s Left Hand Rule for force in a DC machine.
h) What is full-pitch coil?
i) Why brush is placed in quadrature axis in a DC machine?
j) Show pole flux direction for a field current?

PART- B ( 5 ×14 =70 Marks)

(Answer Any Five of the following Questions)
2. a) Explain how the primary current increase as the current on the secondary side of the
transformer is increased. (7)
b) A 1000VA, 230/115V transformer has been tested to determine its equivalent circuit. The
results of the tests are shown below.
Open-circuit test: V OC = 230 V, I OC = 0.45 A, P OC = 30 W.
Short-circuit test: V SC = 19.1 V, I SC = 8.7 A, P SC = 42.3 W.
All test-data given were taken from the high voltage side of the transformer. Find the
equivalent circuit of this transformer referred to the low-voltage side of the transformer. (7)
3. Draw the phasor-diagram of a single-phase transformer under leading power-factor load.(4)
a) A 20kVA, 8000/480V transformer has the following circuit shown in Fig.1 referred to the
high-voltage side, calculate (i) the per-unit equivalent circuit of this transformer and (ii)
If the transformer is supplying rated load at 480 V and 0.8 PF lagging, what is its voltage
regulation as well as efficiency? S
(10)
P 32 45 13.9 16.7
I
I Ω j Ω Ω j Ω a
+ +

250k 30k
VP Ω j Ω aVS

_ _

Fig. 1
4. a) Describe the conditions and tests necessary for paralleling of single-phase transformers. (7)
b) A 200kVA, 1000V/250V, 50Hz, single phase transformer has an iron loss of 1300W and
full-load copper loss 2400W. Calculate the all-day efficiency, if the transformer is loaded as
follows during a day. (7)
8 hours – full load at 0.8 pf.
10 hours – half load at unity pf.
6 hours – at no-load.
5. a) Derive an expression for the e.m.f. generated in a DC machine. (6)
b) A 6 pole DC machine has 300 armature conductors where each conductor carrying 80 A.
The magnetic flux per pole is 0.015 Wb and machine is driven at 1800 r.p.m. Compute
average e.m.f generated, power developed and electromagnetic torque if the armature
conductor are: (i) WAVE connected & (ii) LAP connected. (8)

6. a) Why a starter is required in dc motor? Also describe a starter. 6

b) A 15-hp 230-V 1800 r/min shunt dc motor has a full-load armature current of 60 A when
operating at rated conditions. The armature resistance of the motor is R A = 0.15 Ω, and the
field resistance R F is 80 Ω. The adjustable resistance in the field circuit R adj may be varied
over the range from 0 to 200 Ω and is currently set to 90 Ω. Armature reaction may be
ignored in this machine. The magnetization field current of 1.35A would produce an
armature emf E AO of 221 V at no load, at a speed of n o = 1800 r/min. for this motor:

1. What is the speed of this motor when it is running at the rated conditions specified
above?
2. What are the copper losses and rotational losses in the motor at full load (ignore
stray losses)?
3. What is the efficiency of the motor at full load? (8)

7. a) Describe Armature Reaction for a DC motor then Problems with Commutation. (7)
b) Why DC series motor is suitable for goods vehicles? (7)
8. a) Explain 3-wire DC system of distribution of electrical power. (4)
b) A 2-wire DC ring distributor is 300 m long and is fed at 240 V at point A. At point B, 150
m from point A, a load of 120 amps is taken and at point C, 100 m in the opposite direction,
a load of 80 amps is taken. If the resistance per 100 m of single conductor is 0.03 Ω , find :

i) Current in each section of distributor.

ii) Voltage at points B and C. (10)

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