CBLM Using Hand Tools

COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector : Electronic
Qualification : COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II
Title
Unit of : USE HAND TOOLS
competency
Module Title : USING HAND TOOLS
SEAMAN JOB STUDY CENTER INC.

Lutucan I, SariayaQuezon
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MODULE?
Welcome to the module “Using hand tools”. This module

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tools
contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Use Hand Tools” contains the

knowledge, skills and attitudes required for Computer Systems
Servicing course required to obtain the National Certificate (NC)
level II.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in

order to complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In
each learning outcome there are Information Sheets, Job Sheets,
Operation Sheets and Activity Sheets. Do these activities on your
own and answer the Self- Check at the end of each learning
activity?
If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask your teacher for

assistance.
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
You may already have some basic knowledge and skills covered
in this module. If you can demonstrate competence to your teacher
in a particular skill, talk to him/her so you do not have to undergo
the same training again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of
Competency from previous trainings, show it to him/her. If the
skills you acquired are consistent with and relevant to this module,
they become part of the evidence. You can present these for RPL. If
you are not sure about your competence skills, discuss this with
your teacher.
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After completing this module, ask your teacher to assess your
competence. Result of your assessment will be recorded in your
competency profile. All the learning activities are designed for you
to complete at your own pace.
In this module, you will find the activities for you to complete
and relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each
learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.
This module is prepared to help you achieve the required

competency in receiving and relaying information. This will be the
source of information that will enable you to acquire the knowledge
and skills in COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II
independently at your own pace with minimum supervision from
your teacher.
LIST OF COMPETENCY
No Unit of competency Module title Code
1. Apply quality standards Applying quality standards ELC315202
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2. Perform computer Performing computer ELC311203
operations operations
3. Perform mensuration and Performing mensuration and ELC311201
calculation calculation
4. Prepare and interpret Preparing and interpret ELC311202
technical drawing technical drawing
5. Use hand tools Using hand tools ELC724201
Terminate and connect Terminating and connect

electrical wiring and electrical wiring and
6 ELC724202
electronic circuits electronic circuits
7 Test electronic components Testing electronic ELC724205

components
MODULE CONTENT
Qualification: COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II

Unit of Competency: Use Hand Tools
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Module Title : Using Hand Tools
DESCRIPTION: This module covers the knowledge, skills and
attitudes on the safe use, handling and
maintenance of tools.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES
Upon completion of the module, you shall be able to:
LO1. Plan and prepare for tasks to be undertaken
LO2. Prepare hand tools

LO3. Use appropriate hand tools and test equipment
LO4. Maintain hand tools
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
1. Tasks to be undertaken are properly identified
2. Appropriate hand tools are identified and selected according to the task
requirements
3. Appropriate hand tools are checked for proper operation and safety
4. Unsafe or faulty tools are identified and marked for repair according to
standard company procedure
5. Tools are used according to tasks undertaken.
6. All safety procedures in using tools are observed at all times and
appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) are used.
7. Malfunctions, unplanned or unusual events are reported to the
supervisor
8. Tools are handled without damage according to procedures
9. Routine maintenance of tools is undertaken according to standard
operational procedures, principles and techniques
10. Tools are stored safely in appropriate locations in accordance with
manufacturer’s specifications or standard operating procedures
LEARNING OUTCOME 1
PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TASKS TO BE UNDERTAKEN
CONTENTS:
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 Identifying appropriate hand tools
 Identifying tasks
 Selecting appropriate hand tools
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Tasks to be undertaken properly identified.
2. Appropriate hand tools identify
3. Hand tools selected according to the task requirements.
CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Hand tools for adjusting, dismantling, assembling,
finishing, cutting, screwdrivers, pliers, punches
 Wrenches
 Files
METHODOLOGIES:
 Lecture-demonstration
 Self-paced instruction
 Group discussion
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Hands-on
 Direct observation
 Practical demonstration
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome1: Plan and prepare for tasks to be undertaken
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read the attached Information After reading this information sheet,
Sheet 5.1-1 Importance and you must be able to answer self-
types of tools and equipment. check 5.1-1
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INFORMATION SHEET 5.1-1
PLAN AND PREPARE FOR TASKS TO BE UNDERTAKEN
Introduction
Tools are defined as implements used to modify raw materials
for human use. Tools can be considered as extension of the human
hand thereby increasing its speed, power, and accuracy.
Learning objectives:
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After reading this information sheet the trainee must be able to:
1. Identify tools needed assembling and servicing electronic
products.
2. Determine the used and function of tools used in assembling
and servicing electronic products
Advantages of using the proper tools
1. Efficiency of the work
2. High quality of work is achieved
3. Speed of accomplishment is faster
4. Accuracy
Types of tools
There are three main types of tools/equipment in the shop.
One type is known as hand tools because your hand supplies the
energy to operate them. The other type is called machine or power
tools/equipment. Electricity, compressed air, or hydraulic pressure
operates these tools. This type is referred to as power tools.
Electronics has its own special tools and supplies. For starters,
you'll need a basic set of hand tools. Most electronic work is
relatively small, so you don't need huge heavy-duty tools.
Hand tools
They include screwdrivers, hammers, pliers, wrenches and pullers.

1. Screwdrivers are used to drive, or turn screws. The most
common type has a single flat blade for driving screws with
slotted heads.
2. Hammers are the ones you use most in the shop. They should
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be gripped on the end of the handle.
3. Pliers are specified types of adjustable wrenches. The two legs

move on a pivot so that items of various sizes can be gripped.
4. Wrenches are used to turn screws and nuts and bolts with
hexagonal heads. “Hexagonal” means six-sided. A variety of
wrenches is used in the shop.
5. Pullers are used to remove gears and hubs from shafts,

bushings from blind holes, and cylinders’ liners from the engine
blocks.
Tools can be also classified according to their uses. Tools used in

assembling, and servicing electronic products can be classified as:
1. Splicing tools 3. Soldering Tools
2. Driving Tools 4. Boring Tools and Cutting Tools
There are auxiliary tools which are also used in electronic product assembly
and servicing.
SPLICING TOOLS
Needle Nose pliers - Mainly used to hold small
wire and parts when your figures just can't do it.
Get a small set of needle-nose pliers
with thin jaws for working with small parts, and a
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larger set for bigger jobs. Most, electronic work
you’ll depend on needle - nose pliers, which are
especially adopt at
working with wires — bending and twisting
them, pushing them through holes, and so on.
Long nose pliers - is used for holding, bending,

and stretching the lead of electronic component
or splicing wires.
Diagonal Cutters - used to cut wires and

especially the wires sticking out from the bottom
of a circuit board after soldering a part in place
Duckbill pliers - resemble a “duck’s bill” in that

the jaws are thin, flat, and shaped like a duck’s
bill. They are used exclusively for twisting safety
wire.
STRIPPING TOOLS
Wire Strippers - are pairs of opposing blades
much like scissors or wire cutters. The
addition of a center notch makes it easier to
cut the insulation without cutting the wire.
DRIVING TOOLS
Screwdriver- is specially designed or insert and tighten, or to loosen and
remove screws. A screwdriver comprises a head or tip, which engage to the
screws, a mechanism to apply force by rotating the tip, and some way to position
and support the screwdriver, the tip of which is shaped in to fit a particular type
of screws. Screwdrivers are available in a wide variety shapes, sizes and
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materials. But they are all intended for one simple use: driving and withdrawing
threated fastener such as wood, screw, machine screws, and self-tapping screws.
Slotted Screwdriver is used to drive or fasten
negative slotted screws.
Phillips Screwdriver – used to drive or

fasten positive slotted screws. It is a
screwdriver that could take greater torque
and could provide tighter fastenings
Replaceable tip screwdrivers - commonly

referred to as “10 in 1” screwdrivers, allow for
the quick changing of a screwdriver tip, and
economical replacement of the tip when it
becomes worn. A wide variety of screwdriver
tips, including flat, cross point (Phillips and
Reed & Prince), Torx and square drive tips
are available for use with the handles.
Jeweller’s Screwdriver Set – is a set of
small screw drivers composed of slotted and
Phillips screwdrivers.
SOLDERING TOOLS
Solder Station-is used to heat up the metals
that are you going to join together using
solder.
Soldering Iron- is a tool Applying heat to

melt solder in attaching two metal parts
A soldering iron or soldering station is composed of a heated metal tip

and an insulated handle. For electrical work, wires are usually soldered
to printed circuit boards, bother wires, or small terminals. A low-power
iron (20-30 Watts) is suitable for this work.
Soldering gun - is a device for applying heat
to melt solder in attaching two metal parts. A
soldering gun is composed of a heated metal
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tip and an insulated handle.
Soldering Tool Stand – is a place where the
soldering iron is placed during usage. This
will keep the soldering iron away from
flammable materials. The stand often comes
with a sponge used in cleaning the tip of the
soldering iron.
Desoldering tool is used in removing

soldered wires and components on printed
circuit boards for troubleshooting and repair
purpose. At some stage, you will probably
need to desolder a joint to remove or
reposition a wire or component. The easiest
and most common way is the use of
desoldering pump
BORING TOOLS
Portable Electric Drill is used for boring

hole(s) in plastic or metal chassis with the
used of drill bits having sizes from 1/6” to
approximately 1/4”.
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Metal Files These are hand tools having a series
of sharp, parallel ridges or teeth. Most files have a
narrow, pointed tang at one end to which a handle
can be fitted.
Flat File is parallel in width and tapered in
thickness; they are used for flat surfaces and
edges.
Half Round File is tapered in width and
thickness, coming to a point, and is narrower
than a standard half round and
used for filing inside of rings.
Round File - is also called rat-tail file which is
gradually tapered and used for many tasks
that require a round tool, such as enlarging
round holes or cutting a scalloped edge.
CUTTING TOOLS
Utility Knife is a common tool used in cutting
various trades and crafts for a variety of
purposes.
Hacksaw is used for cutting metals. Some

have pistol grips which keep the hacksaw firm
and easy t o g r i p . The s m a l l h a n d -held
h a c k s a w s consist of a metal arch with a
handle that f i t s around a narrow rigid blade.
AUXILARY TOOLS
Magnifying Glass is a convex lens which is
used to produce a magnified image of an
object. The lens is usually mounted on a
frame with a handle. Roger Bacon is the
original inventor of the magnifying glass. A
magnifying glass works by creating a
magnified virtual image of an object behind
the lens. Some magnifying glasses are foldable
with built-in light
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Paint Brush – made of bristles set in handle,
use for cleaning dirty parts of a circuit or an
object.
Self _Check 5.3-1

Direction: Match the tool in column A with their classification with column
B. Write only the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.
Tools Classification
___1. Screw driver A. drilling equipment
___2. claw hammer B. Cutting tools
___3. pliers C. measuring tools
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___4. side cutter D. driving tools
___5. hand drill E. measuring and testing
ANSWER KEY TO SELF-CHECK 5.3-1
1. D
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. A
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LEARNING OUTCOME 2: PREPARE HAND TOOLS
CONTENTS:
 Prepare Hand tools (Check the Conditions of the Tools)
 Safety requirements of hand tools
 Making Reports for malfunction and unplanned
or unusual events
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1. Appropriate hand tools checked for proper operation and
safety
2. Unsafe or faulty tools identified
3. Marked all tools for repair according to
standard company procedures
CONDITION:
 Hand tools for adjusting, dismantling,
assembling, finishing, cutting, screwdrivers,
pliers, punches
 Wrenches
 Files
METHODOLOGIES:
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Hands-on
LEARNING OUTCOME 2: PREPARE HAND TOOLS

Read the attached Information After reading this information
Sheet 5.2-1 Importance and sheet, you must be able to answer
types of tools and equipment self-check 5.2-1

Sheet 5.2-2 sheet, you must be able to answer
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Identification of Non-Functional self-check 5.2-2
Tools and Equipment
Sheet 5.2-3 sheet, you must be able to answer
Personal protective equipment self-check 5.2-3
INFRORMATION SHEET 5.2-1

PREPARE HAND TOOLS
After reading this information sheet the trainee must be able to
find the advantages of using good condition tools
1. Efficiency of the work
2. High quality of work is achieved
3. Speed of accomplishment is faster
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4. Accuracy
However, these advantages depend upon the three factors, namely:
1. Availability and sufficiency of materials

2. Experience and skill of the workers in their respective fields
3. Tools and equipment of good quality
Types of tools and equipment

There are three main types of tools/equipment in the shop. One
type is known as hand tools because your hand supplies the energy to
operate them. The other type is called machine or power
tools/equipment. Electricity, compressed air, or hydraulic pressure
operates these tools. This type is referred to as power tools.
HAND TOOLS
They include screwdrivers, hammers, pliers, wrenches and pullers.
1. Screwdrivers are used to drive, or turn screws. The most

common type has a single flat blade for driving screws with
slotted heads.
2. Hammers are the ones you use most in the shop. They should be
gripped on the end of the handle.
3. Pliers are specified types of adjustable wrenches. The two legs

move on a pivot so that items of various sizes can be gripped.
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4. Wrenches are used to turn screws and nuts and bolts with
hexagonal heads. “Hexagonal” means six-sided. A variety of
wrenches is used in the shop.
5. Pullers are used to remove gears and hubs from shafts, bushings
from blind holes, and cylinders’ liners from the engine blocks.
Power tools / Equipment
A. Electric tools
1. Electric drill has an electric motor that drives a chuck. The

chuck has jaws that can be opened and then closed to grip a
drill kit.
2. Grinding wheels can be either bench-mounted or installed on a
pedestal. It may have a grinding wheel and a view wheel, or two
grinding wheels.
3. Vacuum cleaner is used for cleaning the floor and also for
cleaning car interiors after service.
B. Pneumatic tools
1. Air chisel uses reciprocating motion to drive a cutting

hammering tool. An air hammer drives a chisel to cut off a nut
that has frozen to a stud. It can be used with a variety of tools-
cutters, punches-to do many jobs.
2. Air impact wrenches use a pounding or impact force to loosen

or tighten nuts or bolts.
3. Air drill is lighter than a comparable electric drill. Repeatedly

stalling or overloading does not damage or overheat the air drill.
4. Air racket uses the sockets and attachments from a standard socket
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set.
5. Pneumatic floor jack uses compressed air to flow into the jack
cylinder and causes the ram to extend and raise the vehicle.
C. Hydraulic tools
1. Car lifts-single or double post are both have pads that must
be positioned under the designated lift points of the car
frame.
2. Hydraulic floor jack is used to raise the lifting saddle. A
lever on the handle releases the pressure so that the saddle
and load will settle back down.
3. Portable crane is used for such jobs as lifting the engine out
of the car. It is operated hydraulically by a hand pump.
4. Hydraulic press is used to apply force on bent parts to straighten
them. It can also do such jobs as press brushing in and out and
press out rivets.
Measuring tools
The different kinds of measuring tools that are being used in electrical
workshop otherwise known as “Rule” are:
1. The two foot four folding rule 4. Push pull tape rule
2. The extension rule 5. Slide caliper rule
3. The zigzag rule 6. Marking gauge
1. Zig-Zag rule is available in 4 feet and feet long commonly used

by carpenters for rough lay-out.
2. Push pull Tape is used to measure longer distances available
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from one meter to 50 meters long.
3. Slide Caliper Rule is a special tool used to measure outside
diameter of cylindrical objects.
4. Marking Gauge is a tool most appropriate in making lines
parallel with the edges of the wood.
Safety practices save lives
Electricity improves life. During power failures, much work and many
routine activities grind to a halt. However, electricity can cause serious
injury and even death if you fail to follow electrical safety practices,
particularly in the workplace.
Electricity is recognized widely as a serious workplace hazard that
exposes employees to electric shock, burns, fires, and explosions. According
to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), 289 employees were killed by
contact with electric current in 2002.
Others were killed or injured in fires and explosions caused by electricity.
Causes of Electrical Accident

Three possible factors as causing electrical accidents: work involving
unsafe equipment and installations; workplaces made unsafe by the
environment; and unsafe work performance (unsafe acts). The first two
factors sometimes are combined and referred to simply as unsafe
conditions. Thus, electrical accidents generally can be considered as being
caused by unsafe conditions, unsafe acts, or, in most cases, combinations of
the two. It should also be noted that inadequate maintenance can cause
equipment or installations originally considered to be safe to deteriorate and
create unsafe conditions.
Some unsafe electric equipment and installations can be identified by

faulty insulation, improper grounding, loose connections, defective parts,
ground faults, unguarded live parts, and underrated equipment. The
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environment can also contribute to electrical accidents. Environments
containing flammable vapors, liquids, or gases; areas having corrosive
atmospheres; and wet and damp locations are some unsafe environments
affecting electrical safety. Finally, unsafe acts include the failure to DE
energized electric equipment when it is being repaired or inspected, using
obviously defective and unsafe tools, and using tools or equipment too close
to energized parts.
Figure 1. Cord- and plug-connected equipment without a grounded

connector
Preparing the Soldering Iron or Soldering Station for Soldering
1. Place the soldering iron on the stand before plugging it.

2. Wait a few minute for the soldering iron to attain its operating
temperature of about 4000C.
3. Wipe the tip of the soldering iron on the wet damp sponge
4. Melt a little solder (soldering lead) on the tip of the iron.
5. Wipe again the tip of the soldering iron on the wet damp sponge.
Soldering technique
a. Hold the soldering iron like a pen, near the base of the handle.
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b. Touch the soldering iron onto the joint to be soldered.
c. Apply a small amount of solder onto the joint.
d. Remove the solder, then the soldering iron, while keeping the
joint in still position.
e. Inspect the joint closely. It should look shiny and with a volcano
shape.
Caution in Using Soldering Gun
1 Do not use this type of the soldering instrument with light

soldering work. It might damage the Electronic components and
PCB because of its very high temperature. If the soldering tip
fails to achieve its maximum temperature, tighten the two nuts
holding the tip of the soldering gun.
2 Do not use in mass production assembly. It might be overheated.
3 This type of soldering equipment is more convenient where only
few connections are to be made requiring much higher
temperature like direct chassis soldering.
Procedure in Using the Desoldering Tool
Heat t h e t e r m i n a l s to be r e s o l d e r e d before s u c k i n g the

melted soldering lead with the desoldering tool to avoid direct contact of
the desoldering tool’s tip with the tip of the soldering iron. Shown below is
the proper way of removing electronic components from the circuit using a
disordering tool.
Caution in Using a Portable Drill:

High torque requires a lot of force to keep the tool from twisting.
Before using a drill, be sure to tighten the chuck jaw and secure the drill bit
properly. The materials to be bored and the drill bit must be at 90 degrees
angle to achieve efficient boring operation.
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Caution in Using Files
1 When using a file, keep a firm grip on its handle at all times.
2 Do not blow filings as they may get into your eyes.
3 Always use a file card in cleaning a file.
Caution in Using a Utility Knife
1 Do not use dull blades because they require more force, thus are
more likely to slip. Replace the blade when it starts to “tear”
instead of cut.
2 Never leave a knife unattended with the blade exposed.
3 Don’t bend or apply side loads to blades by using them to open
cans or loosen tight cover of containers. Blades are brittle and
can snap easily.
Personal Protection Equipment
People have used personal protective equipment (PPE) for centuries to

protect themselves while they work.
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Personal protective equipment today, as in the past, makes working safer
and more productive
WORK PRACTICES
THE WRONG WAY THE RIGHT WAY
Repetitious hand work may cause Use hand tools or power tools
pain and result in permanent whenever possible. Keep tools close
injury, limiting your ability to use
your hands in any kind of work. to your body to reduce
Fatigue and increase productivity.
The force and awkward posture

 Avoid manual wire pulling and
required to pull wire by hands is
use a tagger or a hand tool
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hard and tiring.
whenever possible
 Communication between the
puller and feeder to coordinate
movements will make the job
easier and safer.
 Use lighter-weight tools.
SAFETY TIPS
LIGHTEN YOUR LOAD. Plan what you are going to

do. Carry only the tools or equipment you will need.
Wear a tool belt that fits and distribute the tools
and materials evenly.
PROTECT YOURSELF. Wear safety gear that fits.

Protect your knees from hard, sharp surfaces by
wearing knee pads. Wear appropriate eye protection
to protect your eyes from debris and flying
particles. Protect your hands from friction and
sharp edges by wearing gloves.
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SELECT THE RIGHT TOOL. Choose tools that fit
your hand comfortably and have soft grips. A good
handle grip prevents your hand from slipping while
using the tool. Consider using tools that reduce the
amount of force or movements you use. Keep tools
well maintained
PRACTICE GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. Pick up

debris and scrap material to prevent trips, slips,
and falls. Good housekeeping allows you and your
equipment to get closer to your work.
CHANGE BODY POSITIONS. Working

overhead, at floor level, or in cramped spaces forces
the body into awkward postures. To relieve muscle
tension and improve circulation, change body
positions, alternate tasks, and stretch throughout
the day.
Below Is an Example of a Situation Showing Unsafe Work Practices
ARC ignites sawdust in service panel

At a wood products manufacturing plant, a three-phase motor was
single-phasing. To find out why, an electrician was testing the incoming
voltage to the electrical components inside a 600-volt 600-amp main service
panel. A planer man was assisting by holding the multi meter, which was
rated at 600 volts and was not qualified personnel. There was a flashover
across the circuit board inside the multi meter. The arc ignited sawdust in
the service panel. A sudden fireball caused burns to both workers.
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Safe work practices
Use a good-quality multi meter with external fused leads when
measuring voltage on energized electrical equipment. Fuses and thermal
resistors inside older multi meters cannot react quickly enough to protect
against sudden spikes in voltage.
- Expect line voltages to be 20 percent higher than rated when

build-out capacitors are connected to the electric circuit. The
investigation found that build-out capacitors may have caused
higher than rated voltages at the motor input terminals
- Use a multi meter rated at least 25 percent higher than the
expected voltage when testing energized electrical equipment.
This allows for spikes in voltage.
- Use electrical testing equipment that is CSA-certified or that

meets other specific safety requirements.
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SELF – CHECK 5.2-1
Directions: Write only the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet
of paper.
1. When using a grinding wheel:

a. always wear safety goggles
b. never adjust the tool rest when the grinder is running
c. never touch the wheel when it is rotating
d. used apron
2. Technician A says it is all right to perform activity without
permission from the teacher because he knows the procedure.
Technician B says you should seek permission from the teacher
before performing any activity. Who is right?
a. Electrician A
b. Electrician B
c. neither A or B
d. both A and B
3. The two basic types of tools used in the shop are:
a. power tools and machine tools
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b. hand tools and power tools
c. screwdrivers and wrenches
d. hand tools and cutting tools
4. To tighten wood screw accurately, use:
a. tension wrench
b. screw driver
c. hammer
d. mallet
5. The simplest wrench used is the:

a. open-end wrench
b. box wrench
c. socket
d. adjustable wrench
6 The hammer used most often in the electrical shop is the:
a.claw hammer
b. plastic-tipped hammer
c. brass hammer
d. rawhide hammer
7 American Wire Gauge:
a. measure thickness of wire,

b. has a pair of blades.
c.is marked in inches and fractions of an inch
d has a blade of two thickness
8. A thickness-gauge which is often called:
a. wire stripper
b. double-thickness gauge
c. go-no-go gauge
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d. micrometer gauge
9.It is used to measure longer distances available from one meter to

50 meters long.
a. zig-zag rule
b. push pull tape rule
c. marking gauge
d. slide caliper rule
ANSWER KEY TO SELF – CHECK 5.2-1
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
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Identification of Non-Functional Tools and Equipment
After reading this information sheet the trainee is able to identify
non- functional tools and equipment.
I. Method of identifying non-functional tools and equipment
1. Visual inspection – it refers to the visual observation of an

expert on the appearance.
2. Functionality – vibration or extra noise from the operation
means problems on parts and accessories started to develop.
3. Performance- something wrong with the performance whether
hand tools or equipment, needs an immediate repair or
maintenance.
4. Power supply (for electrically operated only) – failure to meet
the required power supply, will cause malfunction in the part
of hand tools or equipment.
5. Person’s involved – it refers to the technical person who has the
knowledge and skills about the technology.
II. Segregation of tools and equipment according to uses:
1. Measuring tools
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2. Holding tools
3. Cutting tools
4. Driving tools
5. Boring tools
6. Electrical equipment
7. Miscellaneous tools/instrument/equipment
III. Perform the segregation of non- functional or

defective hand tool and equipment, following the
given method previously.
IV. Safety Practices:

1. Always check the tools / instrument and equipment before
using.
2. Use the appropriate materials, tools, instrument and equipment

as per job or task requirement.
3. Wait for the final instruction before doing

the job or task
4. Report to the person on authority

whatever untoward incident may
happen.
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Self -check 5.2-2
Enumerate at least five (5) methods of identifying non-functional tools and

equipment.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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ANSWER KEY OF SELF CHECK 5.2-2
Enumerate at least five (5) methods of identifying non-functional tools and

equipment.
1. visual inspection
2. functionality
3. performance
4. power supply
5. person’s involved
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Information Sheet 5.2-3
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
After reading this information sheet the trainee is able to
identify PPE and its proper use.
GOGGLES -use to protect eyes.

HARD HAT -use to protect head from falling objects.
GLOVES -use to protect hands from scratches.
EAR MUFFS -use to protect ears from loud noise.
OVER ALL -a suit use to protect body.
SAFETY SHOES -it is use to protect feet and it serves as insulator.
RESPIRATOR -mask use to protect nose from odorless chemicals.
1. Always wear personal protective equipment like gloves, goggles,

hard hat etc., at all times.
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SELF CHECK 5.2-3
Enumerate at least five (5) personal protective equipment (PPE)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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ANSWER KEY OF SELF CHECK 5.2-3
Enumerate at least five (5) personal protective equipment (PPE)

1. safety shoes
2. goggles
3. gloves
4. overalls
5. hard hat
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USED APPROPRIATE HAND TOOLS
SELECT THE RIGHT TOOL.

Choose tools that fit your hand comfortably and have soft grips. A
good handle grip prevents your hand from slipping while using the tool.
Consider using tools that reduce the amount of force or movements you
use.
PROPER USE OF PLIERS
Pliers of various types are used by practically every tool user,

both amateur and professional. There are many types and sizes;
each designed for specific uses, although their versatility makes
some pliers adaptable for many jobs. Choose the right pliers for the
job.
Basic Safety Rules Which Apply to the Use of Pliers.

 Pliers should not be used for cutting hardened wire unless
specifically manufactured for this purpose.
 Never expose pliers to excessive heat. This may draw the
temper and ruin the tool.
 Always cut at the right angles. Never rock from side to side
or bend the wire back and forth against the cutting edges.
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 Don't bend stiff wire with light pliers. Needle nose pliers can be
damaged by using the tips to bend too large a wire. Use a sturdier
tool.
 Never use pliers as a hammer nor hammer on the handles. They may
crack or break, or edges may be nicked by such abuse.
Pliers are not made for hammering
 Never extend the length of handles to secure greater leverage.

Use a larger pair of pliers or a bolt cutter.
 Pliers should not be used on nuts or bolts. A wrench will do
the job better and with less risk of damage to the fastener.
 Oil pliers occasionally. A drop of oil at the hinge will lengthen
tool life and assure easy operation.
 Safety glasses or goggles should be worn when cutting wire,
etc. to protect eyes.
WARNING. The cushion grips on handles are provided primarily for comfort.
Unless specifically specified as Insulated handles
LINEMEN'S SIDE CUTTING PLIERS
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Description. Two head patterns are available: Standard, also known as
bevel nose, and New England, also known as round nose, which is
more streamlined. Handles may be plain, slip-on molded plastic, plastic
dipped or high dielectric. High leverage patterns are also available, as
are pliers incorporating sleeve twisters and threaded bolt-holding
openings. Sizes range from 61/4 to 91/4 inches in length.
Proper Uses. These are heavy-duty tools designed for the professional
engaged in electrical, communications and construction work.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose pliers to excessive heat. Don't rock pliers

from side to side when cutting wire. Always cut at right angles. Never
use pliers as a hammer, or drop on hard or paved surfaces
Don't drop pliers on hard or paved surfaces.
IRONWORKER'S PLIERS
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Description. These pliers are very similar to Linemen's pliers except
that they have a hook bend on one handle and may have a coil spring
to hold the jaws open. Sizes range from 7 to 9 inches in length.
Available in standard and high leverage patterns.
Proper Uses. These wire cutting pliers are designed for tying concrete
reinforcing bars and form work involving puling, twisting and cutting
wire.
use pliers as a hammer or drop on hard or paved surfaces.
LONG NOSE PLIERS
Description. This type of pliers embraces three nose configurations;

needle, round and chain. They are available with and without side
cutters and with cutters notched for stripping insulated wire. Small and
miniature sizes are designed for electronic work. Handles may be plain,
slip-on plastic, or dipped. Certain patterns are made in both straight
and curved nose design. Sizes range from 4 to 8 inches in length.
Proper Uses. Most Long Nose Pliers are designed for electrical,
telephone and electronic work involving smaller wire gauges. They will
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reach into usefulness, however, is not limited to wire work.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose these pliers to excessive heat. Don't

bend stiff wire with the plier tip. Never rock side to side when
cutting. Cut at right angle to the wire. Never pry with the plier nose.
Don't bend stiff wire with the plier’s tip.
When to Repair or Replace. Attempts to repair Linemen's side cutting,

Long Nose and Ironworker's pliers are not recommended. Discard any
plier which is cracked, broken, sprung, or has nicked cutting edges.
Dull cutting edges may be touched up with a small, medium grade
honing stone. Serrations inside of nose may be cleared of foreign
materials by brushing with a file card or stiff wire brush.
DIAGONAL CUTTING PLIERS
Description.
Diagonal Cutters are made in several patterns ranging from the high
leverage, heavy-duty pattern down to the midget pattern for electrical work.
They are available with and without a top bevel on the cutting edges for
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flush cutting. Some have wire skinning holes-some have coil springs to open
the jaws. Handles may be plastic dipped, slip-on molded plastic, or plain.
Sizes range from 4 to 8 inches in length.
Proper Uses.
Diagonal Cutting pliers are designed for electrical, electronic, telephone,
general and automotive work. Flush cutting edge pliers should be used only
for cutting small soft wires used in electronic wire. It is recommended that
the standard cutting edge pliers be used for all general cutting requirements
except hard wire
Heavy diagonals are fine for cutting the

spread ends of cotter pins.

use pliers as a hammer, or drop on hard or paved surfaces.
When to Repair or Replace. Attempts to repair these pliers are not

recommended. Discard any plier which is cracked, broken, sprung, or
has nicked cutting edges. Dull cutting edges may be touched up with a
small, medium grade honing stone.
FLAT NOSE PLIERS
Description.
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Often referred to as "Duck Bill," these pliers have a flat nose in various
widths. Available with plain or plastic dipped handles in sizes from
41/2 to 8 inches in length.
Proper Uses. Flat Nose pliers have diverse uses in the electrical, telephone,
electronic and other fields. They are extensively used in typewriter repair
and assembly work and in textile weaving and knitting operations.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose these pliers to excessive heat. Do not use

as a hammer or as a pry.
Don't use flat nose pliers to pry or twist.
When to Repair or to repair these pliers are not recommended. Discard

any pliers that is cracked, broken or sprung
END CUTTING PLIERS
Description. End cutting pliers or nippers range in size from the

heavy-duty, high leverage pattern down to the traverse end cutter
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designed for precision electronic work. Many are available with
plain or plastic dipped handles. Sizes range from 4-1/2 to 8 inches
in length.
Proper Uses. End Cutting pliers are designed for cutting soft wire,
nails, rivets, etc. close to work.
End cutters are ideal for

cutting tie wires close to
the concrete wall.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose these pliers to excessive heat. Never use

as a hammer.

recommended. Discard any plier which is cracked, broken, sprung, or
has nicked cutting edges. Dull cutting edges may be touched up with a
small, medium honing stone.
SLIP JOINT PLIERS
Description. These widely used pliers are available in several patterns;

standard, thin nose, bent nose and heavy-duty. Their slip joint
capability increases the capacity range. Available with or without wire
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cutters in sizes from 5 to 10 inches in length. Also available with
plastic dipped grips or slip- on plastic grips.
Proper Uses. These versatile tools are designed for a wide range of service
involving gripping, turning and bending.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose these pliers to excessive heat. Never use as a

hammer. Never place a piece of pipe on plier to achieve more strength.

recommended. Discard any plier that is cracked, broken or sprung.
TONGUE AND GROOVE PLIERS
Description. These wide-range capacity pliers are made with a tongue and
groove adjustment design. Jaw capacities up to 4-1/4 inches are available.
Date Developed:
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Jaws may be smooth, straight, or curved toothed. Sizes range from 4-
1/2 to 16 inches in length.
Proper Uses. These pliers are widely used by plumbers, electricians,

auto mechanics and professionals in the construction and industrial
fields. They will grip round, square, flat and hexagonal objects and are
capable of applying limited torque without damage to the work.
Plumbers, technicians and

maintenance workers have many jobs where
tongue and groove pliers are invaluable.
Abuse/Misuse. Never expose these pliers to excessive heat. Never use

as a hammer.

recommended. Discard any plier that is cracked, broken or sprung.
LOCKING PLIER-WRENCHES AND CLAMPS
Description. Locking plier-wrenches are available in a variety of sizes

with straight or curved jaws. Compound leverage systems lock jaws and
hold various shapes and size or work.
Date Developed:
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Proper Uses. These wrenches are combination tools which function as
pliers, wrenches, portable vises or clamps. They are not intended to
replace open-end or box wrenches because of possible damage to the
fitting or fastener.
Abuse/Misuse. Do not hammer to tighten jaws or to cut wire or bolts.

Do not expose wrenches or clamps to heat from welding torches or to
contact with welding electrodes. When subjected to severe vibration
such as encountered during riveting, locking wrenches or clamps
holding the work pieces should be wired or taped closed to prevent
accidental opening. Do not use pipe, other extensions, or hammering to
increase torque applied to these tools. They should never be used as
steps or ladders to support personnel.
When to Repair or Replace. Avoid excessive wear on working parts by

frequent lubrication. Attempts to repair these tools are not
recommended. Discard any damaged tool.
DO'S AND DON'T'S IN USING PLIERS

1. Wear protective gloves and safety goggles when using pliers.
2. Wear safety shoes.
3. Keep cutting tools in good repair; lubricate moving parts only.
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4. Don't attempt to use a cutting tool until its proper and safe
uses are fully understood.
5. Remember that metal flies when cut. The harder the metal, the
farther it will fly. One way to prevent injury from flying metal is
to wrap a burlap bag, wiping cloth or rag around the cutting
jaws so metal pieces cannot fly.
6. Don't cut diagonally.
7. Remember that the hardness of the stock being cut is as
important as its size.
8. Use all tools as recommended:
9. Do not exceed rated capacity of tool as shown on jaws.
10. Do not pry or twist with tool when cutting. Keep material
being cut at right angles to the cutting edges of jaws.
11. Improper cutting may contribute to personal injury or damage

to tool
SCREWDRIVERS
INTRODUCTION
The screwdriver is probably the most abused tool. Screwdrivers
are available in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and materials. But,
they are all intended for one simple use: driving and withdrawing
threaded fasteners such as wood screws, machine screws, and self-
tapping screws. Unfortunately, the screwdriver is misused for
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prying, chiseling, scraping, scoring – and only sometimes for its
intended use of driving screws!
However, the most common abuse is using a screwdriver that

doesn't match or fit the screw. Use the right screwdriver and you
won't chew up the screw head, damage the screwdriver or bark
your knuckles. The abuse of a screwdriver – and the screw – is
most often due to the fact that the electrician simply does not have
a proper assortment of screwdrivers on hand.
A screwdriver should never be used as a pry bar. If it is over-
stressed in this manner, the blade might break and send a particle
of steel into the operator's arm or perhaps even into his eye.
Bear these points in mind when using a screwdriver; always match
the size of the screwdriver to the job and always match the type of
screwdriver to the head of the screw.
Typical Screwdrivers
 Stubby screwdriver for working in close quarters

 Screwdriver with a square shank to which a wrench can be
applied to remove stubborn screws.
 Screwdriver for Phillips screws.
 Cabinet screwdriver has a thin shank to reach and drive
screws in deep, counter bored holes.
After all, you wouldn't want to drive a large No. 12 screw with a
small 3/32-or 3/16-inch screwdriver and neither would you drive a
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Phillips screw or other recessed screw with a conventional
screwdriver.
Be careful not to confuse a Phillips screwdriver with other "cross
point" screwdrivers. They are not interchangeable.
BASIC SAFETY RULES THAT APPLY TO THE USE OF A SCREWDRIVER
 Make sure that the tip fits the slot of the screw; not too loose
and not too tight. (See figure 2)
 Do not use a screwdriver as a cold chisel or punch.
 Do not use a screwdriver near live wires (or any other tool, for
that matter).
 Do not expose a screwdriver to excessive heat.
 Redress a worn tip with a file in order to regain a good
straight edge.
 Discard a screwdriver that has a worn or broken handle.
 A screwdriver should never be used as a pry bar. If it is over-
stressed in this manner, the blade might break and send a
particle of steel into the operator's arm or perhaps even into
his eye.
1 This tip is too narrow for the screw slot; it will bend or
break under pressure.
2 A rounded or worn tip. Such a tip will ride out of the slot
as pressure is applied.
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3 This tip is too thick. It will only serve to chew up the slot of
the screw.
4 A chisel ground tip will also ride out of the screw slot. Best
to discard it.
5 This tip fits, but it is too wide and will tear the wood as the
screw is driven home.
6 The right tip. This tip is a snug fit in the slot and does not
project beyond the screw head.
DRIVING THE SCREW
Always make a pilot hole before driving a screw. This is
especially important when driving a screw into hardwood or when the
screw is near the edge of a board. Pilot holes can be made in softwood,
and in some hardwoods, with an awl – if the screws to be used are
small. However, if you are driving No. 6 and larger screws it is best to
drill a pilot hole or use a threaded screw hole starter. Pilot holes
should always be made if the screws are to be driven into dense
hardwoods. If the screw is a flathead, the pilot hole should also be
countersunk so the head of the screw will be flush with the work
when it is driven home.
THE RIGHT WAY TO DRIVE A SCREW
o Insert the tip of the screw in the pilot hole. Insert the
screwdriver tip in the slot of the screw. Hold the tip steady
with one hand and make sure the shank of the screwdriver is
perpendicular to the head of the screw and in line with the
shank of the screw.
o Use the left hand (if you are right-handed) to keep the blade
steady as you turn the handle of the screwdriver.
o After the screw is almost in, it is safe to use both hands as
shown for extra turning power to seat the screw. Note the
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position of the left hand (if you are right-handed). This will
allow additional downward pressure to be applied, thus
making certain that the driver tip is firmly seated in the screw
slot. If the screw is a flathead, make sure that the pilot hole
has a countersunk recess at top and screwdriver tip is narrow
enough to avoid touchy
Fig 4 The right way to drive the screw
The job of driving the screw can be eased considerably if the

threads are given an application of wax – this is preferable to soap,
as soap has a tendency to rust the screw threads making possible
future withdrawal difficult.
Unless you have drilled or made some sort of a pilot hole, a

screw will tend to follow the grain of the wood. So, having drilled or
made a pilot hole, hold the screw as indicated in Fig. 4 with the
screwdriver tip firmly engaged in the slot. Turn the screwdriver
gently to engage the first one or two threads of the screw and make
sure that the screw is being driven straight.
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After the screw has been started, and you know it will be
driven straight, remove your fingers from the screw and apply your
talents and attention to the screwdriver. The screw should now be
absolutely perpendicular to the surface of the work (unless the
screw is to be driven at an angle) with the screwdriver held in line
with the screw.
It is much easier to drive a screw straight if the handle of the

screwdriver is large enough to maintain the necessary torque for
the size of the screw to be used.
A good quality blade, properly hardened, is a must especially

when driving large diameter screws into tough woods.
CLEARANCE HOLES
Sometimes a clearance hole, in addition to a pilot hole should

be drilled in order to do a workmanlike job. For example, when
fastening a metal bracket to wood or when screwing two pieces of
wood together, a clearance hole equal to the diameter of the screw
body or shank is necessary.
Without the clearance hole, the body or the threads of the
screw will hang up on the metal, or the leading piece of wood,
preventing them from being drawn together tightly.
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Screws are available in many lengths. However, the number
by which a screw is designated, such as No. 10, always refers to its
shank diameter. This drawing shows actual size screws and their
corresponding number. See Fig 5
Figure 5.
A clearance hole is necessary when screwing two pieces of
wood together. See figure 6
Figure 6.
SCREWDRIVERS FOR SLOTTED STYLE SCREWS
Now that we have learned a little bit of how to use a

screwdriver, let's consider the various kinds of screwdrivers that
are available and the right and wrong way to use – and abuse –
these screwdrivers.
The so-called standard or conventional screwdriver is used
for screws with slotted heads.
COMMON SLOTTED HEAD SCREWS
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These screwdrivers are usually classified according to tip width and blade
length. Generally, the longer the length, the wider the tip – but not always
as some rather long screwdrivers may have a narrow tip.
Cabinet style screwdrivers, which have long shanks and narrow tips, are
useful for driving screws into recessed and counter bored openings in fine
furniture and, obviously, cabinets. On the other hand, there are short,
stubby screwdrivers with rather wide tips for driving screws in confined
quarters
Don't use a screwdriver whose tip extends beyond the length of the slot
in the screw. Too wide a tip will chew up the wood as the screw is being
driven home. See FIG. 8.
FIGURE 8.
The great assortment of screwdrivers available today means

that you can buy a screwdriver in practically any length and in any
tip size desired.
Most screwdriver tips are tapered. The tip thickness

determines the size of the screw that the screwdriver will drive
without damaging the screw slot. The taper permits the screwdriver
to drive more than one size of screw.
Drill plot and clearance holes when driving screws that are near
the edge of a board. A little wax on the threads will ease the job.
See FIG. 9.
FIGURE 9.
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Heavy duty screwdrivers are available with square shanks so
that a wrench can be used on the shank for extra turning power.
Never use pliers on a screwdriver shank when the going gets tough.
You will only wind up by chewing up the shank. What to do in such
a case? Use the largest possible screwdriver that will fit the slot of
the screw.
As a rule, the bigger the screwdriver, the larger the diameter

of the handle, and the larger the diameter of the handle, the greater
the torque, or turning power. If absolutely necessary, use a wrench
on the shank to apply the extra power (torque) needed. But, use a
wrench only on a screwdriver with a square shank especially
designed for that purpose.
Always split the wood if you drive a screw too close to the end of
the work without first drilling a pilot and clearance hole. See
FIG. 10.
RATCHET SCREWDRIVERS
One type of rapid-action screwdriver is the spiral ratchet

screwdriver. This screwdriver has a spring loaded mechanism in the
Date Developed:
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handle. Pushing down on the handle causes the bit of the
screwdriver to turn rapidly, thus driving the screw in a shorter
time than could be accomplished with the use of a conventional
screwdriver. Letting up on the handle allows the operator to
continue the action.
These screwdrivers come in several styles. Some have the

mechanism as part of the handle; others have it as part of the
shank. In either case a small lever is set so that even though the
operator moves the handle back and forth – or up and down – the
bit of the screwdriver moves in only one direction, to drive the
screw. The lever can also be set so that the ratchet action removes
the screw. And it also can be set so that the screwdriver can be
used as a conventional screwdriver, with no ratchet action.
FIG. 2. Two types of ratchet screwdrivers. The one at the top
has the ratchet mechanism in the handle. The lower screwdriver
has the ratchet in the handle and operates with a spiral action.
Fig 2
When using any spiral ratchet screwdriver, it is best to push

down firmly and slowly – until the screw is properly started –
otherwise you may find that the bit has slipped out of the slot.
These screwdrivers should be stored only in the extended position
to prevent the possibility of a sudden, unexpected release by
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someone unfamiliar with the tool.
Large screws in tough wood can be easily driven by using special

bits that fit into a carpenter's brace. Because tremendous turning
power is generated by the brace, make sure you have a proper pilot
hole, as it is quite easy to shear off the head or even twist the screw
in half if too much pressure is applied to a balky screw.
Needless to say, it is always best to drill a pilot hole when driving

large screws with a carpenter's brace. FIG. 12. shows Special
screwdriver bit that can be chucked into carpenter's brace.
Figure 12
Don’t use pliers on the shank of a screwdriver in order to remove a stubborn

screw. See FIG. 13, it is hazardous
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Figure 13.
Never, never ever use a screwdriver as a cold chisel. Just look

what Hazardous has done to the tip of a perfectly good screwdriver.
In addition, he is not even wearing safety goggles. FIG.14.
Figure 14.
SCREWDRIVERS FOR SCREWS WITH RECESSED OPENINGS

The most common screw with a recessed "slot" is the Phillips screw. These screws
have what appear to be two slots at right angles to each other. But, a conventional
screwdriver should never be used to drive a Phillips screw – or any other type of
screw with a specialized opening. Fig.4. shows the screwdrivers especially designed
to drive for different fasteners.
RECESSED SCREWS AND SCREWDRIVERS
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SPECIALTY SCREWDRIVERS
In addition to the types of screws and screwdrivers described so far,

there are many screwdrivers whose use is quite specialized. Let us
look at some.
Jeweler's Screwdrivers. These are distinguished by a rotating

head which is held by the forefinger to steady the screwdriver while
the thumb and middle finger turn the screwdriver to remove or
install the small screws used by the jewelers, model railroad fans,
and persons who work with tiny parts and screws. FIG. 17. Shows
the Jeweler's screwdriver.
Figure 17
Offset Screwdrivers. These screwdrivers are designed for removing

and inserting screws in place where it is impossible to use a
straight shank screwdriver. They are available in many
combinations; narrow tip on one side and a wide tip on the other
side; Phillips tip on one side and a conventional tip on the other
side; with two Phillips tips (one large and one small); with same size
Date Developed:
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tips at each end, but one tip is at right angles to the handle while
the other tip is parallel to the handle (this arrangement makes the
screwdriver extremely
handy when turning area is limited). FIG. 19. shows Offset

screwdrivers. FIG 7. Shows a ratchet-type offset screwdriver for working
in tight spots; it is reversible.
Screw-holding screwdriver is a must for working in close quarters
as shown. The type shown at the left uses clips to hold the screw.
The one at the right has a sliding collar that spreads the split blade
of the screwdriver to hold the screw. After the screw has been firmly
started, further driving can be done with a conventional
screwdriver. Fig 8 show two types of screw holding
Figure 8
Interchangeable Magnetic Tip Screwdrivers. These screwdrivers

have a magnet in the shaft so that they not only hold the bit but
can also hold the screw. In addition, the variety of bits for this type
of screwdriver is limitless and the unused bits can be stored in the
handy compartmented handle.
Interchangeable Blade Screwdrivers. The hollow handle of this
type of screwdriver will accept a number of different type blades.
Sometimes the blades are double-ended with a narrow tip on one
end and a wider tip on the other end. Combinations of Phillips,
conventional, Clutch Head, Scurlock, and hex head are available.
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Two types of screwdrivers that use interchangeable bits are shown
in FIG. 23. The one at the top has a hollow handle that will accept
any one of the four bits shown. The screwdriver at the bottom has
two double-ended bits held in each end of a tube. The tube is
reversible in the handle and the bits are reversible in the tube
Insulated Screwdrivers. These are used by electricians and

maintenance workers. As their name implies, the shank as well as
the handle are completely insulated with a dielectric material
intended only as a secondary protection. Never depend on an
insulated screwdriver handle, shank cover, or blade to insulate you
from electricity. Insulated blades are intended only as a protective
measure against shorting out components.
Handle and shank are covered with an insulated material
that is intended only for secondary protection. Turn off current
when doing this kind of work. See FIG. 22.
Figure 22 Figure 24
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Non-sparking Screwdriver. Found chiefly on yachts and boats,
these screwdrivers are made out of an alloy – usually beryllium
copper – that will not emit a spark if accidentally struck against
metal. They minimize the risk of explosion when used under
hazardous conditions, such as when working in the hold of a ship
that may be filled with gasoline fumes.
The Awl. A handy accessory to a screwdriver set is an awl. With it,

you can make a starting hole in soft wood for a screw. Force the awl
into the wood with a twisting motion. The hole need not be as deep
as the length of the screw. With large screws – and especially when
working with hard wood – it is always advisable to first drill a pilot
hole before attempting to drive the screw
The Awl. A handy accessory to a screwdriver set is an awl. With it,

you can make a starting hole in soft wood for a screw. Force the awl
into the wood with a twisting motion. The hole need not be as deep
as the length of the screw. With large screws – and especially when
working with hard wood – it is always advisable to first drill a pilot
hole before attempting to drive the screw.
FIGURE 25.
An awl can be used to make a starting hole for small screws in soft wood
Date Developed:
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FIGURE 26.
This device drills a pilot hole, a clearance hole, and countersunk recess
for flathead screws all in one operation.
DO'S AND DON'T WHEN USING SCREWDRIVERS

Don't hold the work in one hand while using the screwdriver with the other.
If the screwdriver slips out of the slot (we told you to use the right size
screwdriver!) you will be most likely to receive a gash on your hand.
Don't use a screwdriver with rounded edges or tips; it will slip and
cause damage to the work or yourself.
A rounded tip should be redressed with a file; make sure the edges are
straight.
Don't use a screwdriver near a live wire or for electrical testing.
Don't use a screwdriver to check a storage battery or to determine if
an electrical circuit is live.
 Don't use a screwdriver for prying, punching, chiseling,
scoring, or scraping.
 Use a screw-holding screwdriver to get screws started in
awkward, hard-to-reach areas.
 Use an offset screwdriver in close quarters where a
conventional screwdriver cannot be used.
 Use a ratchet-type screwdriver for speed and comfort when
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a great number of screws are to be driven.
 Don't use pliers on the handle of a screwdriver to get extra
turning power. A wrench should only be used on the square
shank or bolster of a screwdriver that is especially designed for
that purpose.
 Don't expose a screwdriver blade to excessive heat as it
may reduce the hardness of the blade.
 Don't use a screwdriver for stirring paint.
 Don't use a screwdriver with a split or broken handle.
 Screwdrivers used in the shop are best stored in a rack.
This way, the proper selection of the right screwdriver can be
quickly made.
 Keep the screwdriver handle clean; a greasy handle is apt
to cause an accident.
 A screwdriver should never be used as a pry bar. If it is over-
stressed in this manner, the blade might break and send a
particle of steel into the operator's arm or perhaps even
towards his eye.
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SELF – CHECK 5.2-1 A
A. Match the statement at the right with the closest answers at the left. Write only
the letter of your answer.
Column A Column B
1. Pliers are designed for A. Long nose
electrical, telephone and electronic work B. Tongue and groove
involving smaller wire gauges. They will C. Screwdriver
reach into awkward places and perform work D. Awl
difficult with any other tool. E. Flat
2. are ideal for cutting tie wires F. Worn
close to the concrete wall. G. Lineman’ plier
3. pliers are widely used by plumbers, H. Plier
electricians, auto mechanics and professionals I. Offset
in the construction and industrial fields. They J. Cold chisel
will grip round, square, flat and hexagonal K. End cutters
objects and are capable of applying limited
torque without damage to the work.
4. are intended for one simple use:
driving and withdrawing threaded fasteners
such as wood screws, machine screws, and self-
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tapping screws.
5. By using an , you can make a
starting hole in soft wood for a screw.
6. Use an screwdriver in close
quarters where a conventional screwdriver
cannot be used.
SELF-CHECK 5.3-1 B
I. Directions:
Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is wrong.
1. All tools can be used as hammer.
. Chisel is an example of boring tools.

3. Light tools and equipment should be placed at the lowest
part of the cabinet shelf.
4. Tooth cutting tools should be sharpened as often as necessary.
5. Tools and equipment must be stored according to their kind.
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ANSWER KEY TO SELF – CHECK 5.2-1 A
Column A Column B
A 1. Pliers are designed for A. Long nose
electrical, telephone and electronic work involving B. Tongue and
smaller wire gauges. They will reach into awkward groove
places and perform work difficult with any other C. Screwdriver
D. Awl
tool E. Flat
L 2. _________are ideal for cutting tie wires close to F. Worn
G. Lineman plier
the concrete wall H. Plier
I. Oil
N 3. ______pliers are widely used by plumbers, J. Offset
electricians, auto mechanics and professionals in K. Cold chisel
L. End cutters
the construction and industrial fields. They will
grip round, square, flat and hexagonal objects and
are capable and are capable of applying limited
torque without damage to the work
C 4. ____are intended for one simple use: driving
and withdrawing threaded fastener such as wood
screw, machine screw, and self-tapping screws.
D 5. By using an ___you can make a starting hole
in soft wood for a screw.
J 6. Use an ___ screwdriver in close quarter where
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a conventional screwdriver cannot be used
Answer key of Self- check 5.3-1B

1. F
2. T
3. F
4. T
5. F
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ASSESSMENT PLAN
Qualification: Computer Systems Servicing NC II

Unit of Competency: Use Hand Tools
Module Title: Using Hand Tools
Assessment Methods
Written Test*
Work Sample
Observation
Questioning*Oral
Demonstration
Assessment Criteria
LO 1. Check condition of tools and equipment

1. Materials, tools and equipment are identified
√
according to classification and job
requirements.
2. Non-functional toolsand equipment are
√ √
segregated and labeled according to
classification.
3. Safety of tools and equipment are observed in
√ √ √
accordance with manufacturer instructions.
LO 2. Perform basic preventive and
corrective maintenance
1 Appropriate lubricant are identified according
√ √ √
to type of equipment
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2 Tools and equipment are lubricated according to
√ √
preventive maintenance schedule or
manufacturer’s specification.
3 Measuring instruments are calibrated in √ √
accordance with manufacturer’s instruction.

4 Tools are cleaned and lubricated according to
√ √
standard procedures.
5 Defective instrument, equipment and
accessories are inspected and replaced √ √ √
according to manufacturer’s specification.
6 Tools are inspected, repaired and replaced after
√ √
use.
7 Work place is cleaned and kept in safe state in
√ √
line with OHS regulation.
LO 3. Store tools and equipment
1. Inventory of tools, instrument and
equipment are conducted and recorded as per √
shop practices.
2. Tools and equipment are stored in safe and
appropriate location in accordance with
√
manufacturer’s specifications or company
procedures.
3. Workplace is cleaned and kept in safe
√
state in line with OHS regulations.
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Student name:
Teacher name:
Name of School
Module Title Use hand tools
Unit of competency: Using Hand tools
Instructions for the teacher:
1. Observe the student [insert description of activity being observed].
2. Describe the assessment activity and the date on which it was
undertaken
3. Place a tick in the box to show that the student completed each aspect of
the activity to the standard expected in the enterprise.
4. Complete the feedback sections of the form.
Date of observation
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment activity
The student…. If yes, tick the
box
 Can classify tools from functional to non-functional.
 Can fill-up periodic maintenance form.
 Can perform preventive maintenance to electrical
tools and equipment.
 Can perform inventory of tools and equipment.
 Can perform safe keeping and storage of tools.
Did the student’s overall performance meet the Yes No
standard?
Feedback to student:
Teacher signature: Date:
Student’s Signature: Date:
Demonstration Checklist
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Observation and Questioning Checklist
Student name:
Teacher name:
Name of School
Module Title Maintain Tools and Equipment
Unit of Maintaining Tools Equipment
competency:
undertaken.
8. Place a tick in the box to show that the student completed each aspect of
the activity to the standard expected in the enterprise.
9. Ask the student a selection of the questions from the attached list to
confirm his/her underpinning knowledge
10. Place a tick in the box to show that the student answered the
questions correctly.
Date of observation
Description of assessment activity
Location of assessment activity
The student…. If yes, tick the box
• What is the importance of checking the?
conditions of tools periodically?
• How can you apply tool maintenance?
• What is the purpose of inventory?
 How can you apply Five S in storing your tools?
• What are the different lubricating materials and?
give their unique purposes?
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standard?
Teacher’s Signature: Date:
Student’s Signature: Date:
LEARNING OUTCOME 4
MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS

CONTENTS:
 Maintenance of hand tools
 Storage of hand tools
 Standard Operating procedures, principles, and
techniques in maintaining hand tools
1. Tools used according to tasks undertaken
2. Routine maintenance of tools undertaken according to
standard operational procedures, principles and
techniques
3. Tools stored safely in appropriate locations in accordance
with manufacturers specifications or standard operating
procedures
CONDITION:
 Hand tools for adjusting, dismantling, assembling,
finishing, cutting, screwdrivers, pliers, punches
 Wrenches
 Files
METHODOLOGIES:
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Hands-on
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Learning Outcome 4: Maintain hand tools
Read the attached Information Sheet After reading this information sheet,
5.4-1 you must be able to answer self-
Maintaining Hand Tools check 5.4-1 and refer your answer to
the answer sheet.
5.4-2 you must be able to Perform Job
Inventory of Tools and Equipment sheet 5-4-2 and refer your
performance to the performance
checklist.
5.4-3 you must be able to answer self-
Proper tool storage check 5.4-3 and refer your answer to
the answer sheet.
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MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS
Soldering iron care

1. Always clean the tip before and after using.
2. Do not wash the tip just to speed up its cooling process after
using it. It might damage the heating element and corrode the
tip.
3. Clean and tin the tip of the soldering iron before use.
Caring of Pliers
1. Always keep pliers in good condition by cleaning and regular
application of oil.
2. Never use pliers as substitute for a wrench or hammer.
3. Never hammer the pliers when cutting wires. Oil the metal
parts of a tool to prevent rust.
Caring Screwdrivers
A. Select screwdriver that’s fit the screw head slot perfectly.
B. Keep the screwdriver’s handle dry, and clean to prevent
slippages.
C. Never use a screwdriver as chisel. Never hammer a screwdriver’s
handle.
Caring of Desoldering tool
Clean and oil the inside sucking spring and the tip of the
desoldering tool regularly so that the melted soldering lead will not
stick permanently inside the desoldering tool.
BASIC LUBRICATION
The function of a lubricant is simple - reduce friction between

moving metal surfaces. A lubricant coats surfaces and resists being
displaced by pressure, keeping the metal parts separated.
Lubricants also prevent corrosion, block contaminants and can
serve as a coolant. A good lubricant flows easily under pressure and
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remains in contact with moving surfaces. It does not leak out from
gravitational or centrifugal forces, nor does it stiffen in cold
temperatures.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After reading this information sheet the trainee is able to
identify several types of lubrication.
There are several types of lubricants:
 Oils cover a broad class of fluid lubricants,

each of which has particular physical
properties and characteristics. Petroleum oils
(mineral oils) are made from naphthenic or
paraffinic oils. Naphthenic oils contain little
wax and their low pour point makes them good
lubricants for most applications. Paraffinic
oils, on the other hand, are very waxy, which
makes them useful for hydraulic equipment
and other machinery.
 Ideal for lubricating bearings, gaskets, seals and other moving

parts, greases consist of an oil or synthetic fluid (~80%), a
thickening agent (~10%) and additives (~10%). The consistency
of greases is usually ranked by their relative hardness on a scale
set by the National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI). The
softest greases are rated at 000 (which is a flowing liquid) with
higher numbers indicating harder grease. Most grease falls in
the range between 1 and 4
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 Solid lubricants are usually fine powders, such as Molybdenum
Disulfide (Moly), graphite and Teflon® (PTFE). They can be used
alone, or as additives in grease or dispersions, or as dry film
bonded lubricants. Lubricating solids can last longer than
unfortified oils and greases because of their ability to form
burnished films on surfaces.
 Rust remover A rust remover is used mainly to dissolve rust,
but it is also makes an excellent cleaner. For example, to
remove a rusted bolt,
spray remover directly on the bolt, wait for approximately five
minutes and unscrew. For a bicycle chain, apply the rust
remover to clean the chain, and then apply a thick lubricant (oil
or PL-100). Another useful trick, try it to remove stuck-on store
labels! It works perfectly and won't harm glass or plastic. WD-40
and Release All are two of the many brands of rust removers on
the market.
 Dry lubricant is a product that, although greasy when

applied, dries in a few minutes and leaves a protective
film. Since it dries rapidly, it doesn't attract dust, so
there is no mess. This is why it is recommended for use
on rubber, car door gaskets, handsaws, mitre saw, saw
sliders, window sashes, etc. It can also be used on
balky wooden drawers, but cabinetmakers usually
prefer floor wax because it is more durable. JIG-A-LOO
is a brand of dry lubricant.
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Locksmiths also use a dry lubricant, graphite, to free stuck
door locks. This product, commonly found in stores, should be
applied sparingly into the keyhole, as it is very messy. Graphite
lubricant is composed of a fine black powder that no cleaner can
remove, so it is wise to protect the door when graphite is applied.
Penetrating lubricant. You can find on the market a penetrating

lubricant, the PL-100 which is thick and very efficient. Its lubricating
properties persist even after having removed residues, as it
penetrates into metal. It is ideal for door hinges, even the fridge,
hard to open pliers, ski bindings, etc., as it does not hold dirt and
dust.
Synthetic lubricants cover a broad category of oils, greases, and
pastes of varied properties. Synthetic lubricants are more inert,
generate less waste, are capable of a wider range of temperatures and
have a longer life than petroleum materials. Certain classifications are
friendlier to elastomers, seals and O-rings that might come in contact
with the lubricant.
Synthetic oils are used to lubricate instrument bearings, hydraulics, air
compressors, gas and steam turbines and other applications. They
generally have excellent viscosity-temperature characteristics, good
resistance to oxidation and an extremely wide operating temperature
range.
Synthetic greases can last a lifetime, making them very cost-effective.

They are chemically inert, and their high thermal stability makes them
useful for aerospace, electrical, automotive and other high-tech or
industrial applications. Some of these lubricants keep their viscosity in
temperatures ranging as high as 550° F and are nonflammable up to
1,200° F.
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Silicones are very stable and very inert lubricants, which provide a
wider range of operating temperatures than non-silicone synthetic
lubricants. Other advantages include water repulsion and electrical
insulation. Flour silicones have a higher resistance to harsh
environments and the ability to carry bearing loads. Lubricant
manufacturers can provide technical data sheets on their products to
advise you on the best applications of each type of lubricant
Kinds, Uses and Properties of Cleaning Solvents Kinds of

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Cleaning Solvents
Solutions are homogeneous mixture of two or more components; these

can be gaseous, liquid or solid. When we speak of a solution, we
usually think of a solid dissolved in water. While water is the most
common solvent, other liquids are frequently employed as solvents for
certain substances – for example wax maybe dissolved in gasoline. The
dissolved material in a solution is termed as solute (e.g. wax) while the
dissolving medium is called solvent (e.g. gasoline). However, the term
can be interchanged depending on which substance is of greater
amount.
Solvent is a component of a solution that dissolves solute and is
usually present in large proportion or amount. It can be classified as
polar or nonpolar. Polar solvents are solvents which dissolve/are
soluble in water; while nonpolar solvents are solvents which do not
dissolve/are insoluble in water. Solvents usually used for cleaning in
automotive shops are: water, gasoline, kerosene, thinner and detergent
soap.
The table below shows the kinds of cleaning solvent based on their solubility
in water.
a. water soluble x
b. gasoline insoluble X
c. kerosene insoluble
d. thinner insoluble X
e. detergent soap soluble x x
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Properties of Cleaning Solvents
A useful generalization much quoted is that “Like dissolves

like”. More specifically, high solubility occurs when the molecules of
the solute are similar in structure and electrical properties to the
molecules of the solvent.
When there is a similarity of electrical properties; e.g. high
dipole element between solute and solvent, the solute-solvent
attractions are particularly strong. When there is dissimilarity,
solute-solvent attractions are weak. For this reason, a polar
substance such as H2O usually is a good solvent for a polar
substance such as detergent soap but a poor solvent for a nonpolar
substance such as gasoline.
Uses of Cleaning Solvents
Cleaning Solvents Uses
1. Gasoline - It is used to wash oil/greasy tools/ equipment.
2. Diesoline - It is used to wash oil engine, transmission and

other parts of the vehicle.
3. Kerosene - It is used to remove dust, grease oil, paint, etc.
4. Thinner - It is used to remove spilled paint on the floor,

walls and tools.
5. Soap and water - It is used to wash/clean upholstered furniture
such as seats, tables, cabinets, etc.
SELF – CHECK 5.4-1

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Test – I. Identification
Direction: Identify the following information by writing the required
type of lubricant. “RUST REMOVER”, “DRY LUBRICANT”, “OIL”,
“GREASE”, AND PENETRATING LUBRICANT” before each number. Use
separate sheet of paper for your answer.
1 is used to remove rust on bolt, hand tools, bicycle chain and
equipment parts.
2 is used in maintenance for common hand
tools,
equipment and other hardware.
3 is recommended for use on rubber, car door
gaskets and window sashes.
4 is used for maintenance of stock-up parts like
bearing, bushing and heavy bolts and nuts.
ANSWER KEY TO SELF-CHECK 5.4-1
1. RUST REMOVER is used to remove rust on bolt, hand tools,
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bicycle chain and equipment parts.
2. PENETRATING LUBRICANT is used in maintenance for

common hand tools, equipment and other hardware.
3. OIL is recommended for use on rubber, car door gaskets and
window sashes.
4. GREASE is used for maintenance of stock-up parts like
bearing, bushing and heavy bolts and nuts.
Occupational Health and Safety Practices in Handling Cleaning

Solvents
A great percentage of eye injury and cuts results from a
disregard for the simplest of rules in handling cleaning solvents.
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You should never use compressed air to clean your clothes, hands
or body. The pressure could cause the cleaning solvents and dirt
particles to penetrate your skin, resulting in infection and /or blood
poisoning.
Do not use compressed air to clean an object immediately
after it has been removed from a hot cleaning tank. First, rinse the
cleaning solvents away with water. Do not use carbon tetrachloride
as a cleaning solution. The fumes, when inhaled can cause serious
internal injury and possibly result in death. During steam-cleaning,
place the object to be cleaned on a pallet and wear a face shield and
rubber gloves for protection against loose debris.
If a job or cleaning task requires the use of gloves, use the
appropriate gloves. If you have cut, nicked, or burned yourself, or
something has got into your eyes, report immediately to the first-
aid person.
Keep all inflammable cleaning solvents in closed tin
containers and whenever possible, store them in a separate area.
Preventive Maintenance of Electrical Tools and Equipment
There have been a large number of workplace incidents where

workers have been electrocuted or suffered electrical shock or
burns while using electrical tools and equipment. Most often, the
lack of proper maintenance is the cause of these incidents.
Preventive maintenance is a schedule planned maintenance
actions aimed at the prevention of breakdowns and failures. The
primary goal of
preventive maintenance is to
prevent the failure of
equipment before it actually
occurs. It is designed to
preserve and enhance
equipment reliability
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by replacing worn components before they actually fail. Preventive
maintenance activities include
equipment checks, partial or complete overhauls at specified periods, oil
changes, lubrication and so on. In addition, workers can record equipment
deterioration so they know to replace or repair worn parts before they cause
system failure. Recent technological advances in tools for inspection and
diagnosis have enabled even more accurate and effective equipment
maintenance the ideal preventive maintenance program would prevent all
equipment failure before it occurs.
There are multiple misconceptions about preventive maintenance.

One such misconception is that Preventive Maintenance is unduly
costly. This logic dictates that it would cost more for regularly
scheduled downtime and maintenance than it would normally cost to
operate equipment until repair is absolutely necessary. This may be
true for some components; however, one should compare not only the
costs but the long term benefits and savings associated with preventive
maintenance. Without preventive maintenance, for example, costs for
lost production time from unscheduled equipment breakdown will be
incurred. Also preventive maintenance will result in savings due to an
increase of effective system service life.
Long term benefits of preventive maintenance include:
o Improved system reliability

o Decreased cost of replacement
o Decreased system downtime
o Better spares inventory management
The following safety precautions should be adopted to prevent

possible electrocution.
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ALWAYS:
o Test and tag electrical leads, tools and equipment regularly.

o Visually inspect electrical leads, tools and equipment for
damage before each use
o Use safety switches when using electrical tools and equipment.
o Use flameproof electrical tools and
equipment in areas where there is the
potential for flammable and explosive
atmospheres.
o Use competent people to repair damaged
electrical leads, tools and equipment.
NEVER:
o Use damaged electrical leads, tools and equipment.

o Use electrical leads, tools and equipment in damp or wet
conditions unless they are specially designed for use in those
conditions.
o Place electrical leads in areas where they may be damaged
(on the ground, through doorways and over sharp edges).
Proper Handling and Maintenance of Hand Tools
1. Wipe or clean tools after every use with a clean and soft cloth
to remove dirt.
2. Keep all tools in the tool room and tool rack.
3. Tools should be applied/wiped with an appropriate oil to
prevent them from rusting.
4. Drill tools should be sharpened properly.
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5. Tooth cutting tools should be sharpened as often as necessary.
6. Never drop tools especially precision instrument or testing tools.
7. Except for hammers, never use tools as hammer.
8. Never use screwdrivers as wood chisel or cold chisel.
9. Never file the soldering tip of the soldering copper. If
necessary, wipe the tip with a clean soft cloth to remove dirt.
10. Do not over heat the electric soldering copper.
11. Never use drill tools, it will cause harm to your work or yourself.
12. Always issue or lend tools with receipt.
13. Tools borrowed should be returned in good condition;
otherwise it should be replaced with new and same kind.
5S (METHODOLOGY)
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
After reading this information
sheet the trainee should be able to
apply 5S methodology.
5S is a reference to a list of
five Japanese words which,
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translated into English, start with
the letter S and are the name of a
methodology. This list is a
mnemonic for a methodology that is
often incorrectly
characterized as "standardized cleanup", however it is much more
than cleanup. 5S is a philosophy and a way of organizing and
managing the workspace and work flow with the intent to improve
efficiency by eliminating waste, improving flow and reducing
process unreasonableness.
5S is a method for organizing a workplace,

especially a shared workplace (like a shop floor or
an office space, even in school), and keeping it
organized. It is sometimes referred to as a
housekeeping methodology, however this
characterization can be misleading because
organizing a workplace goes beyond housekeeping.
The key targets of 5S are workplace morale and efficiency. The

assertion of 5S is, by assigning everything a location, time is not
wasted by looking for things. Additionally, it is quickly obvious
when something is missing from its designated location. 5S
advocates believe the benefits of this methodology come from
deciding what should be kept, where it should be kept, and how it
should be stored. This decision making process usually comes
from a dialog about standardization which builds a clear
understanding, between employees, of how work should be done.
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In addition, another key distinction between 5S and
"standardized cleanup" is Seiton. Seiton is often misunderstood,
perhaps due to efforts to translate into an English word beginning
with "S" (such as "sort" or "straighten"). The key concept here is to
order items or activities in a manner to promote work flow. For
example, tools should be kept at the point of use, workers should
not have to repetitively bend to access materials, flow paths can be
altered to improve efficiency, etc.
The 5S's are:
SEIRI: SORT (CLEAN UP)
"Sorting" means to sort through everything in each work area.

Keep only what is necessary. Materials, tools, equipment and
supplies that are not frequently used should be moved to a
separate, common storage area. Items that are not used should be
discarded.
Do not keep things around just because they might be used someday.
Sorting is the first step in making a work area tidy. It makes

easier to find the things you need and frees up additional space.
As a result of the sorting process you will eliminate (or repair)

broken equipment and tools. Obsolete fixtures, molds, jigs, scrap
material, waste and other unused items and materials are disposed
of.
SEITON: SET IN ORDER (ORGANIZE)
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Set in order means to organize, arrange
and identify everything in a work area for
the most efficient and effective retrieval
and return to its proper place.
Commonly used tools should be readily

available. Storage areas, cabinets and
shelves
should be properly labeled. Clean and paint floors to make it easier

to spot dirt, waste materials and dropped parts and tools. Outline
areas on the floor to identify work areas, movement lanes, storage
areas, finished product areas, etc. Put shadows on tool boards,
making it easy to quickly see where each tool belongs.
In an office/school, provide bookshelves for frequently used

manuals, books and catalogs. Label the shelves and books so that
they are easy to identify and return to their proper place.
The objective in this step is: A place for everything and

everything in its place, with everything properly identified and
labelled
This means there are two important parts to systematic

organization - putting everything in its proper place and setting up
a system so that it is easy to return each item to its proper place.
The second part is where good labeling and identification practices
are important. Both the equipment/tools and materials you use, as
well as their proper storage locations, need to be clearly identified
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and labeled.
SEISŌ: SWEEP (REGULAR CLEANING)
Once you have everything from each individual work area up to your
entire facility, sorted (cleaned up) and organized, you need to keep it
that way. This requires regular cleaning, or to go along with our
third S, "shining" things up. Regular, usually daily, cleaning is
needed or everything will return to the way it was. This could also be
thought of as inspecting. While cleaning it's easy to also inspect the
machines, tools, equipment and supplies you work with.
Regular cleaning and inspection makes it easy to spot lubricant

leaks, equipment misalignment, breakage, missing tools and low
levels of supplies. Problems can be identified and fixed when they
are small. If these minor problems are not addressed while small,
they could lead to equipment failure, unplanned outages or long -
unproductive - waits while new supplies are delivered.
When done on a regular, frequent basis, cleaning and inspecting

generally will not take a lot of time, and in the long run will most
likely save time.
SEIKETSU: STANDARDIZE (SIMPLIFY)

To ensure that the first three steps in your Five S program continue
to be effective, the fourth step is to simplify and standardize.
The good practices developed in steps 1 through 3 should be

standardized and made easy to accomplish. Develop a work
structure that will support the new practices and make them into
habits. As you learn more, update and modify the standards to
make the process simpler and easier.
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One of the hardest steps is avoiding old work habits. It is easy to
slip back into what you have been doing for years. That is what
everyone is familiar with. It feels comfortable.
Use standards to help people work into new habits that are a part
of your Five S program.
Any easy way to make people aware of, and remind them about
the standards is to use labels, signs, posters and banners.
SHITSUKE: SUSTAIN
Step Five: The final step is to continue training and maintaining
the standards.
Have a formal system for monitoring the results of your Five S
program.
Do not expect that you can clean up, get things organized and
labeled, and
ask people to clean and inspect their areas every day -- and then have
everything continue to happen without any follow-up.
Continue to educate people about maintaining standards. When
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there are changes - such as new equipment, new products, new
work rules - that will affect your Five S program, and adjustments
to accommodate those changes. Make any needed changes in the
standards and provide training that addresses those changes.
Practice Good Housekeeping
Good housekeeping is one of the surest ways to identify a

safe workplace. You can tell how workers feel about safety just by
looking at their housekeeping practices. Good housekeeping is not
the result of cleaning up once a week or even once a day. It is the
result of keeping cleaned-up all the time. It is an essential factor in
a good safety program, promoting safety, health, production, and
morale.
Whose responsibility is housekeeping? It is everyone's. Clean

work areas and aisles help eliminate tripping hazards. Respecting
"wet floor" signs and immediately cleaning up spills prevents
slipping injuries. Keeping storage areas uncluttered reduces the
chances of disease and fire as well as slips, trips, and falls.
Accumulated debris can cause fires, and clutter slows movement of
personnel and equipment during fires.
Other housekeeping practices include keeping tools and

equipment clean and in good shape or keeping hoses and cables or
wires bundled when not in use. Broken glass should be picked up
immediately with a broom and dustpan, never with bare hands. Be
aware of open cabinet drawers, electric wires, sharp corners or
protruding nails. Either correct the unsafe condition if you are able
and it is safe to do so, or notify the person responsible for overall
maintenance that something should be done.
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How a workplace looks makes an impression on employees
and visitors alike. A visitor's first impression of a business is
important because that image affects the amount of business it
does. Good housekeeping goes hand-in-hand with good public
relations. It projects order, care, and pride.
Besides preventing accidents and injuries, good

housekeeping saves space, time, and materials. When a workplace
is clean, orderly, and free of obstruction; work can get done safely
and properly. Workers feel better, think better, do better work, and
increase the quantity and quality of their work.
SELF- CHECK 5.4-2
MATCHING TYPE
Match column A to Column B.
Column A Column B
1. Seiri a. standardize
2. Seiso b. set in order
3. Seiketsu c. sort
4. Shitsuke d. sweep
5. Seiton e. sustain
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f. striping
ANSWER KEY 5.4-2
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. E
5. B
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JOB SHEET 5.4-1
Title: Cleaning Tools and Work Area
Performance Objective: In this Job Sheet, you will be able to follow

the procedure in cleaning the basic hand tools and work area
Materials Tools/Equipment
Cleaning solvent
Rags
Brooms Washing
Pans Safety
apparel
Vacuum cleaner
Equipment: Vacuum cleaner

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Procedure:
1. Wear protective clothing and goggles
2. Gather the tools to be cleaned in the designated area for cleaning.
3. Segregate the tools according to the kind of dirt they have
4. Measure and pour enough amount of cleaning solvent to the washing
pan.
5. Submerge and wash the tools in the washing pan.
6. Wipe them with rags until dry. Apply little oil to every moving parts of
hand tools.
7. Clean the work area using mops, brooms, rags
Performance Criteria Checklist
During the demonstration of skills did the trainee… YES NO
1. Wear protective clothing and goggles

2. Gather the tools to be cleaned in the designated area for
cleaning.
3. Segregate the tools according to the kind of dirt they
have
4. Measure and pour enough amount of cleaning solvent to
the washing pan.
5. Submerge and wash the tools in the washing pan.
6. Wipe them with rags until dry. Apply little oil to every
moving parts of hand tools.
7. Clean the work area using mops, brooms, rags
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Name of Trainee

INVENTORY OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Why Maintain Inventory of Tools and Equipment

The most important advice you can be given at the beginning of
your career is to purchase top-grade tools. These are made from high-
quality steel and manufactured to precision. Special consideration is
given to balance so that the tool/equipment will be properly maintained
and prevent loses. Since the technician must work with his tools daily,
regular inventory of tools/equipment is very important.
The initial cost of even a minimum number of tools is high but the
accompanying warranty guarantees satisfaction and many years of
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service. It is better, in the long run, to start with a few carefully selected
tools that will take care of your most common needs and then gradually
build-up to a complete set. It is sometimes hard to identify and
memorize the huge number of tools and equipment in the workshop,
maintaining the inventory record is of great value.
JOB SHEET 5.4-2

Title: INVENTORY OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Performance Objective: In this Job Sheet, you will be able to follow the
procedure in the inventory of tools and equipment
Materials Tools/Equipment
Inventory forms
Equipment:
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Procedure:
1. Prepare inventory forms/memorandum receipt of tools and equipment.
2. Study the parts of the Inventory Form.
3. Check whether the list of tools and equipment in the memorandum
receipt tallies with the existing tools and equipment found in the
workshop including their specifications and condition.
4. List down any losses and damages you find while conducting the
inventory.
5. Fill out the remarks column of the inventory forms for any losses/
damages.
6. Recommend for replacement of lost tools and equipment and repair of
damaged tools and equipment if reparable.
Performance Criteria Checklist
During the demonstration of skills did the trainee… YES NO

1. Prepare inventory forms/memorandum receipt of tools
and equipment.
2. Study the parts of the Inventory Form.
3. Check whether the list of tools and equipment in the
memorandum receipt tallies with the existing tools and equipment
found in the workshop including them
specifications and condition
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4. List down any losses and damages you find while
conducting the inventory.
5. Fill out the remarks column of the inventory forms for
any losses/ damages.
6. Recommend for replacement of lost tools and equipment
and repair of damaged tools and equipment if reparable.
Name of Trainee
Information Sheet 5.4-3

PROPER TOOL STORAGE
Tool Storage
Proper storage of tools ensures their durability and efficiency.
They must be stored in dry location. Correct labeling of cabinets
and tool racks in accessible location for laboratory activity in the
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shop will serve the purpose. It is also important to classify the tools
according to their function or uses so that they will be stored
according to their kind. Tools are classified as follows:
Cutting tools
Tools under this classification are the pliers, saw and chisel.
Pliers are available with both insulated and un-insulated handle
primarily intended for cutting, twisting and skinning wires or
electrical conductors. Saw is generally intended for cutting wood.
Hack saw is used to cut metals. Chisel is an edge cutting tool, it
can also be considered as boring tool. It bore hole for the purpose of
making passage for electrical conduit or raceway.
Driving tools
The hammer and the screw driver are the tools under this
classification. Hammers are manufactured either soft faced or hard
faced. Mallet is an example of soft faced hammer commonly used to
fix the winding of electric motor. The claw and the ball hammer are
used to drive and pull out nails and strike metals. The screwdrivers
are composed of two types: the standard and the Phillips type. It is
intended to drive and pull out nail.
Drilling Equipment
Drilling equipment is needed to make holes in building
structure for the passage component terminals in the PCB. The
common examples are the power drill and hand drill.
Soldering equipment
In doing electrical wiring, splices and taps connections are made to
wire. It should be soldered, unless connection does not need solders.
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Some examples of this equipment are soldering iron or gun, blow torch
or propane torch.
Measuring tools
The extension rule, metric rule, wire gauge and caliper are the
common tools under this classification. It is intended to measure length
opening size of conduit, wires and other items.
Measuring and testing tools

The tools under this kind are the multi tester, insulation
tester and clamp meter.
Procedure in maintaining and storing of hand tools
1. Provide a safety cabinet for all the hand tools and assign a
specific area for each tool.
2. It should be cleaned before returning it to the tool rack.
3. Damage hand tools should be repaired.
4. Apply oil on all moving parts if possible.
5. Cover the sharp parts of the tools with a cork when not in use.
Basic tips in storing electronic tools and equipment’s

1 Commonly used tools and equipment should be placed along
the center shelves of the cabinet.
2 Heavy tools and equipment like power grinder should be
placed at the lowest shelf.
3 Light tools should be placed on the upper shelf.
4 Tools and equipment must be stored according to their kind.
5 Defective tools shall be kept in section intended for them for
inventory purposes.
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SELF CHECK 5.4-3
1 the tools should be place in location.
a. wet
b. damp
c. dry
2 heavy tools and equipment should be place at shelf.
a. upper
b. lowest
c. center
3 light tools should be placed at shelf.
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a. upper
b. lowest
c. center
4 chisel can also be considered as tools.
a. boring
b. driving
c. cutting
5 push-pull rule, wire gauge, multi-tester and
extension rule is an example of .
a. cutting tool
b. drilling tool
c. measuring tool
Test – II. Identification
Direction: Identify the following information by writing “ALWAYS” and

“NEVER” before each number. Use separate sheet for your answers.
______1. Perform regular check or the condition of tools, instrument and
equipment.
2. Place electrical leads in areas where they maybe damage.
3. Use competent people to repair damaged electrical leads, tools and
equipment.
4. Decrease cost of replacement.
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5. Test and tag electrical tools and equipment regularly.
6. Use damaged electrical leads, tools and equipment.
7. Use safety switches when using electrical tools and equipment.
8. Improved system reliability.
9. Apply preventive maintenance on tools and equipment to prevent
electrocution.
10. Use electrical leads, tools and equipment in damp a wet
condition.
Test III
Directions: Read the instructions in each letter carefully. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
C. Classify the following cleaning solvents whether they are Polar or Nonpolar.
Write P for polar and NP for nonpolar.
water
gasoline
kerosene
diesoline
thinner
detergent soap
dust
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mud
oil
grease oil
D. Write only the letter of your answer on the answer sheet provided.
1. Which of the following injuries will be caused by compressed
air if used to clean clothes, hands or body soiled with a
flammable cleaning solvent?
a. a. pimples b. burn c. blood poisoning
2. Which of the following solvents should not be used as a
cleaning solution for it poses hazards to health?
a. a. gasoline b. kerosene c. carbon tetrachloride
3. As a safety precaution, which of the following safety devices
should be worn in electrical wiring?
a. a. face shield b. rubber gloves c. Apron
4. Which of the following should we use to keep a flammable
cleaning solvent?
a. closed tin container b. plastic pail c. aluminum basin
ANSWER KEY TO SELF – CHECK 5.4-3

Test 1: Multiple Choice
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. C
Test – II. Identification
Direction: Identify the following information by writing “ALWAYS” and

“NEVER” before each number. Use separate sheet for your answers.
ALWAYS 1. Perform regular check or the condition of tools, instrument and

equipment.
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NEVER 2. Place electrical leads in areas where they maybe damage.
ALWAYS 3. Use competent people to repair damaged electrical leads, tools
and equipment.
NEVER 4. Decrease cost of replacement.
ALWAYS 5. Test and tag electrical tools and equipment regularly.
ALWAYS 6. Use damaged electrical leads, tools and equipment.
NEVER 7. Use safety switches when using electrical tools and
equipment.
ALWAYS 8. Improved system reliability.
ALWAYS 9. Apply preventive maintenance on tools and equipment to
prevent electrocution.
NEVER 10. Use electrical leads, tools and equipment in damp a wet condition.
Test III
Directions: Read the instructions in each letter carefully.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
A. Classify the following cleaning solvents whether they are Polar

or Nonpolar. Write P for polar and NP for nonpolar.
1. Water -P
2. Gasoline - NP
3. Kerosene - NP
4. Diesoline - NP
5. Thinner - P
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6. detergent soap - P
7. dust - P
8. mud - P
9. oil - NP
10. grease oil – NP
B. Write only the letter of your answer on the answer sheet

provided.
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. A
ASSESSMENT PLAN
Qualification: Computer Systems Servicing NC II

Unit of Competency: Maintain Hand Tools
Module Title: Maintaining Hand Tools
Assessment Methods
*Oral
Observation
Work Sample
Written Test*
Demonstration
Assessment Criteria
LO 1. Check condition of tools and

equipment
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4. Materials, tools and equipment are identified
according to classification and job √
requirements.
5. Non-functional tools and equipment are
segregated and labeled according to √ √
classification.
6. Safety of tools and equipment are observed in
accordance with manufacturer √ √ √
instructions.
LO 2. Perform basic preventive and
corrective maintenance
8 Appropriate lubricants are identified √ √ √
according to type of equipment
9 Tools and equipment are lubricated
according to preventive maintenance √ √
schedule or manufacturer’s specification.
10 Measuring instruments are calibrated in √ √
accordance with manufacturer’s instruction.
11 Tools are cleaned and lubricated according √ √
to standard procedures.
12 Defective instrument, equipment and
accessories are inspected and replaced √ √ √
according to manufacturer’s specification.
13 Tools are inspected, repaired and replaced √ √
after use.
14 Work place is cleaned and kept in safe state √ √
in line with OHS regulation.
LO 3. Store tools and equipment
4. Inventory of tools, instrument and
equipment are conducted and recorded as √
per shop practices.
5. Tools and equipment are stored in safe
and appropriate location in accordance with
√
manufacturer’s specifications or company
procedures.
6. Workplace is cleaned and kept in safe
√
state in line with OHS regulations.
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Demonstration Checklist
Student name:
Teacher name:
Name of School Academia de Technologic in Mindanao
Module Title Maintain tools and equipment
Unit of Maintaining tools and equipment

competency:
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undertaken.
7. Place a tick in the box to show that the student completed each aspect
of the activity to the standard expected in the enterprise.
Date of observation
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment
activity
• can classify tools from functional to non-functional.

 Can fill-up periodic maintenance form.
 Can perform preventive maintenance to electrical
tools and equipment.
 Can perform inventory of tools and equipment.
 Can perform safe keeping and storage of tools.

standard?
Feedback to student:
Teacher signature: Date:
Student’s Signature : Date:
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Observation and Questioning Checklist
Student name:
Teacher name:
Name of School
Module Title Maintain Hand Tools and Equipment
Unit of competency: Maintaining Hand Tools Equipment
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undertaken.
14. Place a tick in the box to show that the student completed each
aspect of the activity to the standard expected in the enterprise.
15. Ask the student a selection of the questions from the attached list
to confirm his/her underpinning knowledge
16. Place a tick in the box to show that the student answered the
questions correctly.
Date of observation
Description of
assessment
activity
Location of assessment
activity
 What is the importance of

checking the conditions?
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of tools periodically?
 How can you apply tool
maintenance?
 What is the purpose of
inventory?
 How can you apply Five S in
storing your tools?
 What are the different
lubricating materials and give
their unique purposes?
Did the student’s overall Yes No
performance meet the
standard?
Feedback to trainees
Teacher’s Signature: Date:
Student’s Signature : Date:
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CBLM Using Hand Tools

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CBLM Using Hand Tools

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COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

SEAMAN JOB STUDY CENTER INC.

HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MODULE?

Welcome to the module “Using hand tools”. This module

The unit of competency “Use Hand Tools” contains the

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in

If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask your teacher for

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required

Terminate and connect Terminating and connect

7 Test electronic components Testing electronic ELC724205

Qualification: COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II

Upon completion of the module, you shall be able to:

LO1. Plan and prepare for tasks to be undertaken

LO2. Prepare hand tools

They include screwdrivers, hammers, pliers, wrenches and pullers.

3. Pliers are specified types of adjustable wrenches. The two legs

5. Pullers are used to remove gears and hubs from shafts,

Tools can be also classified according to their uses. Tools used in

Long nose pliers - is used for holding, bending,

Diagonal Cutters - used to cut wires and

Duckbill pliers - resemble a “duck’s bill” in that

Phillips Screwdriver – used to drive or

Replaceable tip screwdrivers - commonly

Soldering Iron- is a tool Applying heat to

A soldering iron or soldering station is composed of a heated metal tip

Desoldering tool is used in removing

Portable Electric Drill is used for boring

Hacksaw is used for cutting metals. Some

Self _Check 5.3-1

ANSWER KEY TO SELF-CHECK 5.3-1

LEARNING OUTCOME 2: PREPARE HAND TOOLS

Learning Activities Special Instructions

types of tools and equipment self-check 5.2-1

Read the attached Information After reading this information

INFRORMATION SHEET 5.2-1

However, these advantages depend upon the three factors, namely:

1. Availability and sufficiency of materials

Types of tools and equipment

They include screwdrivers, hammers, pliers, wrenches and pullers.

1. Screwdrivers are used to drive, or turn screws. The most

3. Pliers are specified types of adjustable wrenches. The two legs

Power tools / Equipment

1. Electric drill has an electric motor that drives a chuck. The

1. Air chisel uses reciprocating motion to drive a cutting

2. Air impact wrenches use a pounding or impact force to loosen

3. Air drill is lighter than a comparable electric drill. Repeatedly

1. Zig-Zag rule is available in 4 feet and feet long commonly used

Safety practices save lives

Causes of Electrical Accident

Some unsafe electric equipment and installations can be identified by

Figure 1. Cord- and plug-connected equipment without a grounded

Preparing the Soldering Iron or Soldering Station for Soldering

1. Place the soldering iron on the stand before plugging it.

Caution in Using Soldering Gun

1 Do not use this type of the soldering instrument with light

Procedure in Using the Desoldering Tool

Heat t h e t e r m i n a l s to be r e s o l d e r e d before s u c k i n g the

Caution in Using a Portable Drill:

Caution in Using a Utility Knife

Personal Protection Equipment

People have used personal protective equipment (PPE) for centuries to

The force and awkward posture