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How Has Life in Britain Changed Since 1948?: Key Stage 2 History
How Has Life in Britain Changed Since 1948?: Key Stage 2 History
13 Key Stage 2 History
How has life in
Britain changed
since 1948?
1
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Lesson support material for Primary teachers
13 Key Stage 2 History
Contents
Page
Introduction .................................................................................... 1
!"#$%&'())*"+&,%&-.$&/(*0#12*-#,3'&*34&5(""#2(0()&6(-.,"#-+&
7/568&9+00*:(' ................................................................................ 2
Decade summaries to use as the basis for your timeline. ...................... 4
& ())*"#$'&,%&2.*3;$'&*2",''&-.$&1<$&)*#3&*"$*'&,%&2.*3;$=&
9
Working life, Home life, Popular culture, Population and Technology .......12
&9(;;$'-#,3'&%,"&),"$&4$-*#0$4&>($'-#,3'&-,ŀ(4$&-.$&$3>(#"+ .........17
Transcripts of the two Voices from history, together
with suggested discussion topics.......................................................19
?$:&>($'-&-#)$&4$-$2-#<$&*2-#<#-+&$@A0,"#3;&.,B&-.$&B,"04
of popular culture has changed since 1948 .........................................21
9(AA,"-&'.$$-&%,"&*3&,04$"&A$"',3&B.,&+,(<#-$&-,&-*0C&
to your class about changes in life since 1948. ...................................24
DEFG&H&IJJG&3$B'&$<$3-'&-#)$0#3$&'())*"+ ......................................27
2
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Lesson support material for Primary teachers – Introduction
13 Key Stage 2 History
How has life in Britain changed
since 1948?
This material has been developed by Connected Earth to support teaching of
Unit 13 of the History curriculum for Year 5/6 – How has life in Britain changed
since 1948?
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the material in this learning package is of a much more general nature, only referring to
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%,(34*-#,3&B.#2.&7*8&)$$-'&-.$&3$$4'&,%&-.$&'+00*:('&*34&7:8&A",<#4$'&-.$&C$+&%*2-'&*34&"$',("2$'&
for planning lessons.
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)*+&B#'.&-,&'(AA,"-&+,("&-$*2.#3;=
1
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit !"#$%&'())*"+&,%&-.$&/56&9+00*:('
13 Key Stage 2 History
How has life in Britain changed
since 1948?
?.*-&-.$&'+00*:('&"$>(#"$'
Investigation indepth of one aspect of change e.g.
Vocabulary
Words associated with settlement e.g.
Words associated with aspects of society e.g.
Diet
Words associated with change e.g.
Reasons Result
Resources
R& Timeline showing decades since 1948.
R& Visitor old enough to talk about life since 1948.
R& &S$',("2$'&*:,(-&A,A(0*-#,3&),<$)$3-L&#))#;"*-#,3L&$)#;"*-#,3&*34&
2,3'$>($3-&2.*3;$'&-,&0#%$&!"#-*#3M
2
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit !"#$%&'())*"+&,%&-.$&/56&9+00*:('
13 Key Stage 2 History
T,''#:0$&-$*2.#3;&*2-#<#-#$'
R& &Change in population structure R& More cars R& Increased consumerism
Timeline
Divided into:
U.$&K3>(#"+
What are the changes in work, home life, popular culture, population and
technology in Britain since 1948? When did these changes happen?
Five stage enquiry:
(Divide into groups, allocate topics from 5 above)
1. What are most important changes in your topic area since 1948?
When did they happen?
2.& S$V$2-&,3&A",;"$''M
3.& N3-",4(2$&'A$2#12&>($'-#,3'&%,"&$*2.&-,A#2M
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5.& 6""*3;$&*&<#'#-&:+&',)$,3$&,04&$3,(;.&-,&-*0C&*:,(-&0#%$&'#32$&DEFGM
Identify links and connections
e.g. What changes in work led to changes in the population?
How did changes in technology lead to changes in food?
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BBBM'-*34*"4'M42'%M;,<M(CY'2.$)$'IY.#'-,"+Y.#'DZ
3
Connected Earth Founded by BT
News events
Unit Decade summaries 1940s
1948 5 July National Health
13 Key Stage 2 History 9$"<#2$&:$;*3
DEFG& DI&6(;('-& &a0+)A#2&b*)$'&
1940s
held in Britain
How working life has changed
1948 9#@&)#00#,3&B,)$3&*-&B,"C&7DFM\&)#00#,3&)$38
How home life has changed
T$,A0$&,%-$3&0#<$4&-.$&'*)$&-,B3&*00&-.$#"&0#<$'L&3$*"&-.$#"&%*)#0#$'M&
U.$"$&B$"$&<$"+&%$B&4#<,"2$'&[&#-&B*'&4#%12(0-&*34&'$$3&*'&',)$-.#3;&-,&:$&*'.*)$4&,%M&
Most people shopped from local shops in town centres and suburbs.
9-#00&%,,4&"*-#,3#3;&[&A$,A0$&*-$&.,"'$)$*-&*34&B.*0$&)$*-M
Eggs cost
Many couples had more than three children.
12.5p per
U.$"$&B$"$&,30+&DFL\JJ&-$0$<#'#,3&'$-'&-.$&B.,0$&2,(3-"+M dozen
U.$&W*#0+&]*#0&2,'-&,3$&,04&A$33+&70$''&-.*3&.*0%&*&A$33+8M (2s/648
6&0,-&,%&3$B&-,B3'&B$"$&4$'#;3*-$4&*%-$"&-.$&'$2,34&B,"04&B*"&
$M;M&!*'#04,3L&^$)$0&^$)A'-$*4L&9-$<$3*;$&*34&5"*B0$+M
How popular culture has changed
1948 S*4#,&c(@$):,(";&B*'&-.$&,30+&',("2$&%,"&A,A(0*"&)('#2&[&-.#'&+$*"&#-&0*(32.$4&#-'&.#-&A*"*4$
1948 a3$&-.#"4&,%&-.$&!"#-#'.&A,A(0*-#,3&B$3-&-,&-.$&2#3$)*&*-&0$*'-&,32$&*&B$$C
1948 Cinema attendances reached their peak
The radio was the main entertainment centre in the home.
Many homes had an electric gramophone which only played 78rpm records.
How the population has changed
!"#-*#3&3$$4$4&),"$&B,"C$"'&*%-$"&-.$&'$2,34&B,"04&B*"M&6""#<*0&,%&-.$&'.#A&K)A#"$&
Windrush in 1948 bringing people from the Caribbean was the beginning of large scale
immigration to Britain.
U.$"$&B$"$&0$''&-.*3&*&)#00#,3&A$,A0$&%",)&,-.$"&2(0-("$'&0#<#3;&!"#-*#3M
Population of Britain was about 47 million.
Lots of children were born after the second world war called the ‘baby boom’.
How technology has changed 1940s radio
1948 6&>(*"-$" of British homes had no electricity
6&",,)H'#_$4&2,)A(-$"&*-&`3#<$"'#-+&,%&T$33'+0<*3#*&2,(04&2,)A0$-$&
\LJJJ&*44#-#,3'&*&'$2,34M&T,B$"&2,3'()A-#,3&B*'&',&;"$*-&-.*-&$<$"+&
time it was switched on, the lights in the nearby town failed.
4
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Decade summaries 1950s News events
13
DE\Z& I&d(3$& &/($$3&K0#_*:$-.&
Key Stage 2 History II crowned at
Westminster
1950s
1954 6 May Roger Bannister
"*3&-.$&1"'-&F&
minute mile
DE\E& G&h,<$):$"&&]D&),-,"B*+&
opened (Britain’s
How working life has changed 1"'-&),-,"B*+8
1950 690,000 coal miners working
1950 U.$&*<$"*;$&B$$C0+&B*;$&B*'&efMIG&7*:,(-&efY\'Yg48
1951 12% of the work force were professional or managerial Eggs
1958 9#0#2,3&2.#A<$3-$4L&)*C#3;&2,)A(-$"'&')*00$" 2,'-&IZA&
per dozen
How home life has changed (about
4s/748
1951 6<$"*;$&.,('$.,04&'#_$&B*'&ZMI
1954 ]$*-&"*-#,3#3;&$<$3-(*00+&$34$4&3#3$&+$*"'&*%-$"&-.$&'$2,34&B,"04&B*"
People spent most of their leisure time at home – reading, listening to the radio, watching
-$0$<#'#,3&,"&A("'(#3;&.,::#$'M&U.$&),'-&A,A(0*"&.,::#$'&B$"$&C3#--#3;&*34&3$$40$HB,"C&%,"&
women, and gardening for men.
Car ownership became more popular. In 1959 the Mini went of sale for £496 –
about the amount of money someone earned in a whole year.
Children spent a lot of their time playing together out of doors.
How popular culture has changed
R Teenagers stopped dressing like parents
1951 X$'-#<*0&,%&!"#-*#3
They had their own music and their own money
1952 U.$&6"2.$"'&'-*"-$4&,3&"*4#,
1955 5,))$"2#*0&-$0$<#'#,3&'-*"-$4 R& U$44+&!,+'&B$"$&,3$&,%&-.$&1"'-&-"$34'
1958 Blue Peter started R& &5.#04"$3&B$3-&-,&9*-("4*+&),"3#3;&A#2-("$'&*-&-.$&2#3$)*
How the population has changed
1952 Population of Britain = 50 million
Racism was a way of life in Britain 1958 Race riots in Notting Hill.
Large numbers of settlers from Commonwealth countries – particularly
d*)*#2*&*34&-.$&5*"#::$*3L&N34#*&7b(Q*"*-&"$;#,38&*34&T*C#'-*3M
DE\fL&9A(-3#C&-.$&1"'-&
How technology has changed satellite
1954 X#"'-&-"*3'#'-,"&"*4#,&B$3-&,3&'*0$&6)$"#2*
1956 X#"'-&-"*3'*-0*3-#2&-$0$A.,3$&2*:0$&7U6UD8&0*#4&:$-B$$3&-.$&`i&*34&
6)$"#2*
1957 9,<#$-&`3#,3&0*(32.$4&-.$&1"'-&'*-$00#-$
1958 First microchip was produced
],'-&$0$2-"#2#-+&B*'&)*4$&:+&:("3#3;&2,*0&H&:(-&-.$&1"'-&3(20$*"&
power station was opened at Calder Hall in 1956.
60-.,(;.&-$0$A.,3$'&A$,A0$O'&.,)$'&:$;*3&-,&:$2,)$&),"$&A,A(0*"&
still only 10% of the population had one.
5
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Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Decade summaries 1960s News events
DEgZ&&F&h,<$):$"& &!$*-0$)*3#*&'-*"-$4&
13 Key Stage 2 History B.$3&j9.$&c,<$'&k,(O&
sells a million
DEgg& ZJ&d(0+& &K3;0*34&B,3&-.$&?,"04&
1960s 5(A&*-&?$):0$+&7EZLGJJ&
A$,A0$&2",B48
DEgE& E&6A"#0& &U$'-&V#;.-&%,"&!"#-#'.&
Concorde
How working life has changed
1960 U.$&*<$"*;$&B$$C0+&B*;$&B*'&eDFMDJ&7*:,(-&eDFYI'8 1961
1965 95% of cars sold in Britain were made in Britain K;;'&2,'-&Z\A&
1965 X,"&-.$&1"'-&-#)$&),"$&-.*3&.*0%&-.$&B,"C%,"2$&B*'&$)A0,+$4& per dozen
#3&'$"<#2$"('-"#$'L&"*-.$"&-.*3&)*3(%*2-("#3; 7f&'.#00#3;'8
1968
1966 6&>(*"-$"&,%&*&)#00#,3&A$,A0$&B$"$&(3$)A0,+$4 The Daily Mail
cost about
How home life has changed IA&7\48
1968
1960 There were 10.5 million TV sets in the country 6&]*"'&:*"&
1960 a30+&D&IJ&2.#04"$3O'&A*"$3-'&B$"$3O-&)*""#$4 cost 2.5p
7g48
1961 75% of families had a TV
U.$&1"'-&'(A$")*"C$-'&,A$3$4&[&)*#30+&-,B3&2$3-"$'M 1967, BBC colour test card
Lots of new housing was built following the shortages after the
second world war – housing estates and highrise tower blocks.
X,"&-.$&1"'-&-#)$L&<#"-(*00+&*00&.,('$'&.*4&$0$2-"#2#-+M
U.$&*<$"*;$&3():$"&,%&2.#04"$3&*&%*)#0+&B*'&IM
How popular culture has changed
1960 5,",3*-#,3&9-"$$-&'-*"-$4
1963 W"&?.,&1"'-&'-*"-$4 R Early 60s – Mods and Rockers
1964 ZFZ&)#00#,3&2#3$)*&-#2C$-'&',04 R Mid 60s – Hippies
1965 Thunderbirds started R& &c*-$&gJ'&[&9C#3.$*4'
1969 First landing on the moon R Reggae music
1968 9$'*)$&9-"$$-&'-*"-$4 R Beatles
]*"+&/(*3-&*22$A-'&*3&a!K&DEgg&%",)&-.$&/($$3&%,"&'$"<#2$'&-,&-.$&%*'.#,3"('-"+&B$*"#3;&*&
mini skirt, the fashion that she made popular.
How the population has changed
1961 T,A(0*-#,3&,%&!"#-*#3&l&\Z&)#00#,3
1961 6",(34&DIm&,%&A,A(0*-#,3&B$"$&*;$4&g\&*34&,<$"L&Fm&B$"$&f\&*34&,<$"
1965 S*2$&S$0*-#,3'&62-&*--$)A-$4&-,&,(-0*B&"*2#*0&4#'2"#)#3*-#,3&A(:0#2&A0*2$'
W("#3;&DEgG&DLJJJ&6'#*3'&*&),3-.&2*)$&-,&!"#-*#3&%",)&i$3+*&*%-$"&-.$-",4(2-#,3&,%&0*B'&
)$*3#3;&,30+&i$3+*&3*-#,3*0'&2,(04&.*<$&Q,:'&-.$&%,")$"&!"#-#'.&A",-$2-,"*-$M
How technology has changed
1962 First communications satellite Telstar is launched
1965 IJLJJJ&2,)A(-$"'&B,"04B#4$M&6&4$'C-,A&2,)A(-$"&2,'-&*:,(-&egfLJJJ&-,4*+O'&),3$+
1967 5,0,("&-$0$<#'#,3&'-*"-$4&!"#-*#3
1967 U.$&1"'-&.*34H.$04&2*02(0*-,"&4$<$0,A$4
1969 6ST6hKUL&-.$&%,"$"(33$"&,%&-.$&N3-$"3$-L&2,33$2-$4&F&2,)A(-$"'&-.$&`96
6
Connected Earth Founded by BT
News events
Unit Decade summaries 1970s
1972 February Miners went on strike
13 Key Stage 2 History
DEfZ& Df&W$2$):$"& U
& ."$$&4*+&B$$C&*33,(32$4&%,"&
h$B&k$*"
DEff& f&d(3$& &/($$3&2$0$:"*-$4&.$"&9#0<$"&
How working life has changed
1970 K>(*0&T*+&62-M&?,)$3&;,-&-.$&'*)$&"#;.-&-,&A*+&*'&)$3
1975 h,"-.&9$*&,#0&'-*"-$4&-,&:$&A()A$4&*'.,"$
1975 I\&,(-&,%&$<$"+&DJJ&A$,A0$&B.,&B$3-&,(-&-,&B,"C&B$"$&B,)$3
1979 fMZm&,%&A$,A0$&B$"$&'$0%&$)A0,+$4
1979 a3$&)#00#,3&A$,A0$&B$"$&(3$)A0,+$4&7B#3-$"&,%&4#'2,3-$3-8
b,,4'&A",4(2$4&:+&!"#-#'.&%*2-,"#$'&2,'-&),"$&-.*3&%,"$#;3&,3$'M&],"$&*34&),"$&;,,4'&B$"$&
imported from other countries. British factories closed down and a lot of people were out of work.
Lots of those who had jobs said they weren’t paid enough, and some went on strike.
How home life has changed
1970 64% of homes had a washing machine
1971 Decimal coinage came in. Before this there was 12d in a shilling, and 20 shillings in a pound
1971 U.$&W*#0+&]*#0&2,'-&IA&A$"&4*+M&N-&2,'-&ZA&-,&'$34&*&1"'-&20*''&0$--$"
1974 X#"'-&4,)$'-#2&)#2",B*<$&2,,C$"&B*'&',04
1978 n^9&<#4$,&"$2,"4$"&B$3-&,3&'*0$
1975
1979 9,3+&:$;*3&'$00#3;&-.$&?*0C)*3&A$"',3*0&'-$"$, Eggs cost
40p per
How popular culture has changed
dozen
1971 176 million cinema tickets sold
1971
R Punk 6&]*"'&:*"&
1971 91% of families had TV
R&b0*)&S,2C cost 6p
1972 Newsround started
R Disco
1975 X*B0-+&U,B$"'&1"'-&'.,B3
1978 b"*3;$&^#00&'-*"-$4
DEfGL&$*"0+&<#4$,&"$2,"4$"
How the population has changed
1971 Population of Britain = 54 million
1972 6&'$2,34&B*<$&,%&!"#-#'.&6'#*3'&*""#<$4&%",)&`;*34*&
*%-$"&*&)#0#-*"+&2,(A&%,"2$4&-.$)&-,&0$*<$M&6'&2#-#_$3'&
of a former British protectorate 27,000 came to Britain
1977 5,))#''#,3&%,"&S*2#*0&K>(*0#-+&'$-&(A
U.,('*34'&,%&%*)#0#$'&$)#;"*-$4&-,&6('-"*0#*L&h$B&o$*0*34&*34&9,(-.&6%"#2*M
How technology has changed
1970 The computer mouse was patented
1970 !,$#3;&fFf&d():,&d$-&$3-$"$4&2,))$"2#*0&'$"<#2$
1971 X#"'-&V,AA+&4#'2&.$04&DJJC&,%&)$),"+
1974 X#"'-&<#4$,;*)$&2,3',0$&%",)&6-*"#&*00,B$4&A0*+&,%&,3$&;*)$&[&T,3;
1975 !#00&b*-$'&*34&T*(0&600$3&'-*"-$4&]#2",',%-
7
Connected Earth Founded by BT
News events
Unit Decade summaries 1980s
1981 29 July Prince of Wales married Lady
13 Key Stage 2 History
DEGI& F&]*+&
W#*3*&9A$32$"
&^]9&9.$%1$04&'*3C&4("#3;&
the Falklands War
1980s DEGg&&Ig&6A"#0&&&Reactor at Chernobyl nuclear
A,B$"&'-*-#,3&$@A0,4$4
How working life has changed
1980 a30+&FZm&,%&2*"'&',04&!"#-*#3&B$"$&)*4$&-.#'&2,(3-"+
1980 6<$"*;$&B$$C0+&B*;$&%,"&)$3&B*'&eDIfMfJM&X,"&B,)$3&#-&B*'&ef\MfJ
1984 Three million people were unemployed
1986 ZEm&,%&$)A0,+$$'&B$"$&B,"C#3;&B#-.&2,)A(-$"#'$4&,"&*(-,)*-$4&$>(#A)$3-
How home life has changed
1982 a<$"&\Jm&,%&.,('$.,04'&3,B&.*4&*&-$0$A.,3$
9(A$")*"C$-'&),<$4&%",)&-,B3&2$3-"$'&-,&,(-H,%H-,B3&0,2*-#,3'M&
W,)$'-#2&)#2",B*<$&,<$3'&:$2*)$&A,A(0*"&*%-$"&-.$#"-",4(2-#,3&DEfFM
How popular culture has changed
1981 Postman Pat started
R Early 80s – new romantics
1983 Breakfast TV started
R& &^,('$&)('#2&[&"*<$'&
1984 \Z&)#00#,3&2#3$)*&-#2C$-'&',04
1985 EastEnders started
1985 c#<$&6#4&%(34&2,32$"-&"*#'#3;&%(34'&%,"&6%"#2*
How the population has changed
1981 T,A(0*-#,3&,%&!"#-*#3&l&7Q('-&,<$"8&\g&)#00#,3
How technology has changed
1980 More than a million personal computers had been sold
around the world
1981 IBM PC was launched
1983 First CDs on sale
1984 6AA0$&]*2#3-,'.&0*(32.$4&*-&eFLJJJ&-,4*+O'&),3$+
1985 h#3-$34,&K3-$"-*#3)$3-&9+'-$)&0*(32.$4L&%$*-("#3;&9(A$"&
Mario Brothers
1985 X#"'-&<$"'#,3&,%&]#2",',%-&?#34,B'&B*'&0*(32.$4 1987, Early mobile telephone
1988 50,000 computers connected to the Internet
1989 ^*34H.$04&h#3-$34,&b*)$&!,+&0*(32.$4
],:#0$&A.,3$'-",4(2$4&7-.$+&B$"$&$@A$3'#<$&*34&0*";$8M
X*@&)*2.#3$'&*34&*3'B$"#3;&)*2.#3$'&B$"$&<$"+&A,A(0*"&-.$&
mid1980s due to a standard transmission rate being adopted.
8
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Decade summaries 1990s News events
13 Key Stage 2 History
DEEJ&&ZD&]*"2.& & ,00&U*@&"#,-'&
T
London
1994 6 May Channel Tunnel
1990s
opened
DEEF& DE&h,<$):$"& h
& *-#,3*0&c,--$"+&
started
U$2.3,0,;+&)$*3-&-.*-&A$,A0$&2,(04&B,"C&B.$"$<$"&-.$+&B*3-$4&H&',)$&Q,:'&
#3&-.$&'$"<#2$&'$2-,"&:$;*3&-,&;,&*:",*4&7$M;M&2*00&2$3-"$'8M
How home life has changed
1990 Three out of four children’s parents were married
1991 Virtually 100% of homes had a washing machine
6:,(-&,3$&)*""#*;$&-."$$&B*'&$34#3;&4#<,"2$M
How popular culture has changed
R& !"#-&A,A&7!0("&Y&a*'#'8
1992 W"&?.,&13#'.$4&7%,"&-.$&1"'-&-#)$8&*%-$"&gfE&$A#',4$'
R Bhangra (The New Pardesi Music
1998 Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales
]*2.#3$&Y&!*00+&9*;,,8
1999 ]#00$33#()&W,)$&,A$3$4&,3&ZD&W$2$):$"
R& &^#A&^,A&7S(3&W]5&Y&b"*34)*'-$"&
X0*'.8
How the population has changed R& &N34#$&79-,3$&S,'$'&Y&^*AA+&
1990 Population of Britain = 58 million ],34*+'8&
1990 6%-$"&4$2*4$'&,%&#))#;"*-#,3L&*0),'-&DJm&,%&-.$&!"#-#'.&
A,A(0*-#,3&B*'&3,3HB.#-$&,"&,%&)#@$4&"*2$
1997 Dgm&,%&A,A(0*-#,3&B$"$&*;$4&g\&*34&,<$"L&fm&B$"$&f\&
*34&,<$"&7)$4#2*0&#)A",<$)$3-'&)*#30+&"$'A,3'#:0$8
How technology has changed
1991 Three million computers connected to the Internet
1991 ?,"04&?#4$&?$:&1"'-&*<*#0*:0$&-,&-.$&A(:0#2 1995, National telephone
1994 9,3+&T0*+'-*-#,3&0*(32.$4 code change day
1996 Ten million computers connected to the Internet
1998 DZJ&)#00#,3&B$:&('$"'&-.$&B,"04
9
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Decade summaries 2000s News events
13 Key Stage 2 History
2000 25 July Concorde crashed in
Paris
IJJD& DD&9$A-& &U$"","#'-'&*--*2C$4&
2000s 6)$"#2*L&4$'-",+#3;&
the World Trade
Center
IJJI& ZJ&]*"2.& &/($$3&],-.$"&4#$4
How working life has changed IJJZ& IJ&]*"2.& &!"#-#'.&',04#$"'&
:$;*3&1;.-#3;&
2004 h$*"0+&.*0%&7Fgm8&,%&0,3$&A*"$3-'&B$"$&3,-& N"*>
employment 2005 6 July London chosen to
.,'-&IJDI&a0+)A#2'
2005 G\JLJJJ&A$,A0$&20*#)#3;&d,:'$$C$"O'&600,B*32$
2005 7 July Terrorists attacked
2005 88% of workingage people with a degree or trains and a bus in
$>(#<*0$3-&-.$&`i&B$"$&$)A0,+)$3-L&2,)A*"$4& London
B#-.&,30+&FGm&,%&-.,'$&B#-.&3,&>(*0#12*-#,3' 2006 11 July Many die in
2008 h():$"&,%&A$,A0$&20*#)#3;&d,:'$$C$"O'&600,B*32$ terrorist attacks on
trains in Mumbai
hit 1.07 million
IJJf& If&d(3$& b,"4,3&!",B3&
became Prime
How home life has changed Minister
IJJG& F&h,<$):$"& !*"*2C&a:*)*&B,3&
2004 FIm&,%&B,)$3&;#<#3;&:#"-.&B$"$&(3)*""#$4 & & `9&T"$'#4$3-#*0&
2005 h$*"0+&D&F&2.#04"$3&0#<$&,3$HA*"$3-&%*)#0#$' Election
2005 gfm&,%&`i&.,)$'&.*4&*&WnW&A0*+$"
2008 ZJm&,%&.,('$.,04'&*"$&)*4$&(A&,%&Q('-&,3$&A$"',3
How popular culture has changed
2000 !"#-#'.&",B$"&9-$<$&S$4;"*<$&B,3&.#'&1%-.&2,3'$2(-#<$&;,04&
)$4*0&*-&-.$&a0+)A#2&b*)$'&9+43$+
2000 !#;&!",-.$"&:",*42*'-&%,"&-.$&1"'-&-#)$
2003 England won the Rugby World Cup
2005 c#<$&G&2,32$"-&^+4$&T*"CL&c,34,3 2004
6&]*"'&:*"&
2005 N3&2"#2C$-&K3;0*34&:$*-&6('-"*0#*&U.$&6'.$'L&-.$&1"'-&-#)$& 2,'-&Z\A
since 1987
2006 9C+&'#;3$4&4$*0&-,&'.,B&T"$)#$"'.#A&%,,-:*00&;*)$'
2007 d*4$&b,,4+&-,,C&A*"-&!#;&!",-.$"&f
2008 ?*-2.#3;&Un&B*'&-.$&),'-&A,A(0*"&0$#'("$&*2-#<#-+&%,"&),"$
than eight in ten adults
2008 U.$&IE-.&9())$"&a0+)A#2&b*)$'&-,,C&A0*2$&!$#Q#3;L&5.#3*
How the population has changed
2004 DIm&,%&-.$&`i&A,A(0*-#,3&B*'&*;$4&G\&,"&,<$" 2008
Population of
2004 UB,H-.#"4'&,%&-.$&`iO'&A,A(0*-#,3&;",B-.&B*'&:$2*('$&,%&#))#;"*-#,3 Britain was
2007 U.$"$&B$"$&),"$&A$3'#,3$"'&-.*3&-.$"$&B$"$&-$$3*;$"'&-.$&`i almost 61
million
10
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Decade summaries 2000s
13 Key Stage 2 History
2000s 72,3-#3($48
How technology has changed
2000 200 million computers connected to the Internet
2001 6AA0$O'&#HT,4&0*(32.$4
2003 6",(34&Fm&,%&$0$2-"#2#-+&A",4(2$4&-.$&`i&2*)$&%",)&"$3$B*:0$&',("2$'
2005 a<$"&\Jm&,%&`i&.,)$'&.*4&N3-$"3$-&*22$''
2005 DLJDG&)#00#,3&7,<$"&D&:#00#,38&B$:&('$"'&-.$&B,"04
2005 U.$"$&B$"$&),"$&),:#0$&A.,3$'&-.$&`i&-.*3&-.$"$&B$"$&A$,A0$
2006 ZE\&)#00#,3&2,)A(-$"'&2,33$2-$4&-,&-.$&N3-$"3$-
IJJgL&EEMfm&,%&`i&
2006 !",*4:*34&*<*#0*:0$&-,&EEMfm&,%&`i&.,)$'&*34&:('#3$''
2*3&.*<$&:",*4:*34
2007 9*0$'&,%&5W'&-.$&`i&B$"$&4,B3&DDm&'#32$&IJJg
2008 DL\Eg&)#00#,3&7,<$"&DM\&:#00#,38&B$:&('$"'&-.$&B,"04
2008 Gfm&,%&`i&.,)$'&.*4&*&4#;#-*0&Un
2008 \fm&,%&`i&.,)$'&.*4&*&:",*4:*34-$"3$-&2,33$2-#,3
11
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9())*"+&,%&?,"C#3;&c#%$
13 Key Stage 2 History
How working life has changed
since 1948
During the period between 1948 and today, the world of work in Britain has changed a great deal.
T$,A0$O'&Q,:'&.*<$&2.*3;$4&%",)&:$#3;&)*#30+&-.,'$&B.$"$&-.$+&)*4$&-.#3;'&7#3&%*2-,"#$'&%,"&
$@*)A0$8&-,&:$#3;&)*#30+&-.,'$&B.$"$&-.$+&.$0A&-,&A",<#4$&'$"<#2$'&-,&,-.$"&A$,A0$M&N-&.*'&)$*3-&
-.*-&A$,A0$O'&'C#00'&.*<$&.*4&-,&2.*3;$M&N3&DEFGL&;$--#3;&,3&B$00&*-&B,"C&,%-$3&)$*3-&:$#3;&;,,4&
B#-.&+,("&.*34'M&N3&)*3+"('-"#$'&#-&*0',&)$*3-&:$#3;&A.+'#2*00+&'-",3;M&6&0,-&,%&B,"C&B*'&j)*3O'&
work’ in traditional industries like coal mining, ship building and steelwork. With today’s focus on
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other people.
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1990s they were in the majority.
In the 1970s it was clear that goods made in British factories cost more than the same things
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abroad. People wanted to pay the least they could for the things they bought so more products
were imported. This meant that a lot of British factories had to close down so many people became
unemployed.
Many coal mines closed because the need for coal in Britain was no longer as great as it had once
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some cases by the use of nuclear energy. Whereas in 1948 most homes were heated by open coal
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The reduced need for coal came at the same time that the workers in the coal mining industry were
disagreeing with their bosses. In 1972 the coal miners went on strike, leading to huge problems
in British working life, including the temporary introduction of a threeday working week so that
electricity could be ‘rationed’.
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',)$&'$"<#2$"('-"+&Q,:'&*"$&'-*"-#3;&-,&:$&0,'-&-,&,-.$"&2,(3-"#$'M&9,)$&!"#-#'.&2,)A*3#$'&
employ people in countries such as India to work in their telephone call centres.
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employed, compared with one in eight in 1998.
12
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9())*"+&,%&^,)$&c#%$
13 Key Stage 2 History
How home life has changed since
1948
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.,)$'M&k,(&B,(04&2$"-*#30+&134&%*"&%$B$"&A#$2$'&,%&$0$2-"#2*0&$>(#A)$3-M
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.,)$'&.*<$&),"$&-.*3&,3$L&B.#2.&B,(04&.*<$&:$$3&(3-.#3C*:0$&DEFGM
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A"$<#,('0+&.*<$&:$$3&4,3$&:+&)$3&B.,&.*4&;,3$&,%%&-,&1;.-M&?.$3&-.$&)$3&"$-("3$4&*%-$"&-.$&
war, they went back into their old jobs meaning that there were less opportunities for women to
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the home itself.
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0#:$"*-#,3&),<$)$3-M&X,"&)*3+L&;,#3;&,(-&-,&B,"C&4#4&3,-&)$*3&:$#3;&*:0$&-,&$'2*A$&4,)$'-#2&
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and their domestic work too. The increased demands on women’s time has lead to the introduction
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Cooking in 1948 was nearly always done ‘from scratch’ starting with raw ingredients which would
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%",)&-.#'&2,(3-"+M&U,4*+O'&'.,A'&*"$&%(00&,%&A",4(2-'&%",)&*00&,<$"&-.$&B,"04M&N3&DEFG&+,(&2,(04&,30+&
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for instance.
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<#'#-&'$A*"*-$&'.,A'&%,"&+,("&:"$*4&7:*C$"'8L&)$*-&7:(-2.$"'8L&<$;$-*:0$'&7;"$$3;",2$"'8L&1'.&
71'.),3;$"'8&$-2M&N3&-.$&DEgJ'&-.$&1"'-&'(A$")*"C$-'&B$"$&:(#0-L&('(*00+&-,B3&2$3-"$'M&h,B&+,(&
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of which had to close down.
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-.$#"&%"#$34'&H&,%-$3&,(-4,,"'&H&-.*3&-.$+&B,(04&:$&-,4*+M&N3&-.$&DEgJ'L&2.#04"$3&*'&+,(3;&*'&'$<$3&
B$"$&*:0$&-,&-*0C&-,&'2.,,0&B#-.,(-&*3&*4(0-M&n$"+&%$B&2.#04"$3"$$4&B$3-&-,&'2.,,0&:+&2*"M&6&0,-&,%&
older ones went by bicycle.
In the 1960s, tower blocks were considered a solution to the housing shortage caused by second
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,<$"&-.$&;*"4$3&%$32$M
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13 council tenants the opportunity to buy their homes at a discounted price and had the impact of
-"*3'%,")#3;&-.$&0#<$'&,%&',)$&,%&-.$&0$*'-&B$00H,%%&',2#$-+M
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9())*"+&,%&T,A(0*"&5(0-("$
13 Key Stage 2 History
How popular culture has changed
since 1948
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60-.,(;.&-.$"$&B*'&3,&-$0$<#'#,3&*'&'(2.L&-.$"$&B$"$&'-#00&A0$3-+&,%&10)'&:$#3;&)*4$&*34&A$,A0$&
went to the cinema much more often then they do today.
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their own money they began dressing how they wanted to, rather than copying the look of their
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('(*00+<,0<$4&%*'.#,3&7*&A*"-#2(0*"&'-+0$&,%&4"$''#3;8&*34&)('#2M
],'-&A$,A0$&.*4&-.$#"&1"'-&$@A$"#$32$&,%&B*-2.#3;&-$0$<#'#,3&,3&-.$&!!5&DE\Z&B.$3&/($$3&
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Football has been popular in Britain throughout the decades since 1948 but was particularly so
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?$):0$+&9-*4#()M
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could be the person you wanted to be, and this lead to enormous changes in the way that artists
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Popular culture has changed a lot as the population of Britain has changed. Immigrants from the
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music.
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3$B&B*+'M&9,2#*0&3$-B,"C#3;&B$:'#-$'&'(2.&*'&]+9A*2$L&X*2$:,,C&*34&!$:,&)$*3-&A$,A0$&2,(04&
keep up with friends they already had, as well as making new ones. Many of the most popular
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shows starring ordinary members of the public.
14
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9())*"+&,%&T,A(0*-#,3
13 Key Stage 2 History
How the population has changed
since 1948
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0,-&,%&A$,A0$&),<$4&-,&!"#-*#3&7#))#;"*-$48&4("#3;&-.#'&-#)$L&#-&#'&*0',&-"($&-.*-&)*3+&),<$4&%",)&
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^,B$<$"L&-.$&:#;;$'-&'#3;0$&"$*',3&%,"&-.$ "$*'#3;&A,A(0*-#,3&#'&-.*-&A$,A0$&0#<$&0,3;$"&-,4*+&
-.*3&-.$+&4#4&-.$&DEFJ'L&)*#30+&:$2*('$&,%&*4<*32$'&)$4#2*0&2*"$M&N3&DEg\&Q('-&Fm&,%&-.$&
A,A(0*-#,3&B$"$&*;$4&f\&,"&,<$"M&!+&DEEf&-.#'&.*4&3$*"0+&4,(:0$4&-,&fm&,%&-.$&A,A(0*-#,3M
X,00,B#3;&-.$&'$2,34&B,"04&B*"&7DEZEHDEF\8&!"#-*#3&3$$4$4&),"$&B,"C$"'&',&*&2*)A*#;3&B*'&'$-&
(A&-,&$32,("*;$&A$,A0$&%",)&!"#-#'.&5,)),3B$*0-.&2,(3-"#$'&-,&),<$&-,&-.#'&2,(3-"+M&]*3+&A$,A0$&
%",)&-.$&?$'-&N34#$'&*34&N34#*L&B.,&B$"$&0$;*00+&$3-#-0$4&-,&0#<$&!"#-*#3L&),<$4&.$"$&A*"-#2(0*"0+&
-,&B,"C&*'&:('&4"#<$"'&*34&2,34(2-,"'L&,"&-.$&.,-$0"('-"+M
By the 1950s racism was widespread in Britain. Those who had been born in this country were
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that nobody else wished to do.
Beginning in the 1960s, race relations laws were brought in to being to make it illegal to
discriminate against people because of their nationality.
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.*4&:$$3&%,"2$4&-,&0$*<$&-.$&6%"#2*3&2,(3-"#$'&,%&i$3+*&*34&`;*34*M
Emigration from Britain was at its height in the 1970s and 1980s when thousands of families left to
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were born a period known as the ‘baby boom’.
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large number of babies were born. Then in the 1980s, the baby boomers’ children were old enough
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was counterbalanced by a larger number of people who immigrated here. In 1948 there were less
-.$3&*&)#00#,3&A$,A0$&%",)&,-.$"&2,(3-"#$'&0#<#3;&!"#-*#3M&!+&DEEJ&3$*"0+&'#@&)#00#,3&A$,A0$&
!"#-*#3&B$"$&,%&3,3HB.#-$&,"&)#@$4&"*2$M
15
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9())*"+&,%&U$2.3,0,;+
13 Key Stage 2 History
How technology has changed
since 1948
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:$;#33#3;&,%&-.#'&A$"#,4L&*&>(*"-$"&,%&*00&!"#-#'.&.,)$'&.*4&3,&)*#3'&$0$2-"#2#-+&*34&-.$"$&B$"$&,30+&
*&<$"+&%$B&2,)A(-$"'&-.$&B,"04L&$*2.&.(;$0+&$@A$3'#<$&*34&-.$&'#_$&,%&*&B.,0$&",,)M
U,4*+L&<#"-(*00+&$<$"+&.,)$&!"#-*#3&.*'&$0$2-"#2#-+&*34&%$B&*"$&B#-.,(-&*&2,)A(-$"M&U,4*+O'&T5'&
2,'-&'2*"2$0+&*3+-.#3;&2,)A*"$4&-,&-.$&A"#2$&,%&*&DE\J'&2,)A(-$"L&+$-&$*2.&#'&<$"+&)(2.&),"$&
powerful than its historic ancestor.
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DEFG&)*3+&.,)$'&B$"$&B#-.,(-&*&-$0$A.,3$L&',&(";$3-&)$''*;$'&B$"$&,%-$3&4$0#<$"$4&:+&.*34&
in the form of telegrams or calls could be made using a payphone. In the 1960s, although more
families had phones it wasn’t possible to dial a number in another country yourself. Instead, an
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B.#2.&)$*3-&-.*-&%$B$"&A$,A0$&('$4&A(:0#2&A*+A.,3$'M&U.$&1"'-&),:#0$'&B$"$&-.$&'#_$&,%&:"#2C'L&
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that decade a small number of them were connected to the Internet.
The 1990s saw further great changes. Mobile phones became smaller, cheaper and more popular.
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people’s daily life.
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3$B&,AA,"-(3#-#$'&-,&)*3+&A$,A0$&B.,&.*4&A"$<#,('0+&3,-&.*4&*22$''&-,&2,))(3#2*-#,3'&*34&
information.
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:$--$"L&',&),"$&A$,A0$&*4,A-&-.*-&A*"-#2(0*"<$3-#,3M&?$&>(#2C0+&-*C$&-$2.3,0,;+&%,"&;"*3-$4&*34&
%,";$-&-.*-&-.#3;'&B$"$&<$"+&4#%%$"$3-&3,-&',&0,3;&*;,M
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-.$&DEfJ'&,#0&*34&;*'&%",)&-.$&h,"-.&9$*&:$;*3&-,&"$A0*2$&2,*0&*'&*&%($0L&:(-&3(20$*"&A,B$"&
stations were also introduced. In the 1990s people got more worried about the effects of pollution
and the possibility of accidents arising from the use of nuclear energy so greater focus was placed
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6-&-.$&'-*"-&,%&-.$&ID'-&2$3-("+L&:",*4:*34-$"3$-&2,33$2-#,3'&)*4$&#-&A,''#:0$&-,&B*-2.&<#4$,&
,30#3$M&9#-$'&'(2.&*'&k,(U(:$&*34&-.$&!!5&#T0*+$"&:$2*)$&A,A(0*"L&*34&A$,A0$&B$"$&*0',&),"$&
*34&),"$&0#C$0+&-,&:(+&)('#2&,30#3$&-.*3&-.$+&B$"$&-,&<#'#-&*&"$2,"4&'-,"$M&?#H1&A$,A0$O'&.,)$'&
meant they could connect to the internet wirelessly.
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16
done so.
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9(;;$'-#,3'&%,"&),"$&4$-*#0$4&>($'-#,3'
13 Key Stage 2 History
9(AA,"-&%,"&-.$&$3>(#"+
T,''#:0$&>($'-#,3'
Working life
R& ^,B&.*<$&-.$&0#<$'&,%&B,)$3&:$$3&2.*3;$4&:+&B,"Cq
R Why is there much less manufacturing in Britain today than there was in 1948?
R Why were there strikes in the 1970s?
R How has technology changed the world of work?
R What sort of work has replaced manufacturing?
R& ?.*-&-+A$'&,%&B,"C&!"#-*#3&.*<$&:$$3&0,'-&-,&,-.$"&2,(3-"#$'q
R What was life like for a woman who stayed at home as a housewife in the 1960s rather than
going out to work?
Home life
R How has the way that people eat changed?
R& ?.*-&.*'&2.*3;$4&-.$&B*+'&-.*-&A$,A0$&$3-$"-*#3&-.$)'$0<$'&*-&.,)$q
R In what ways has shopping changed since 1948?
R& ?.+&4#4&A$,A0$&),<$-,&-,B$"&:0,2C'&-.$&DEgJ'q
R& ?.*-&$%%$2-&.*'&-.$-",4(2-#,3&,%&$0$2-"#2*0&$>(#A)$3-&.*4&A$,A0$O'&.,)$'q
R Why do you think children in the past played in different ways than they do today?
R& &5*3&+,(&134&',)$,3$&B.,&2*3&-$00&+,(&B.*-&#-&B*'&0#C$&'.,AA#3;&:$%,"$&-.$"$&B$"$&
supermarkets?
Popular culture
R Why do you think so many less people go to the cinema today than they did in 1948?
R& ^,B&.*'&-.$&*""#<*0&,%&#))#;"*3-'&%",)&,-.$"&2,(3-"#$'&2.*3;$4&A,A(0*"&2(0-("$&!"#-*#3q
R& ?.+&.*<$&4#%%$"$3-&-+A$'&,%&)('#2&*34&%*'.#,3&;,3$&*34&,(-&,%&A,A(0*"#-+q
R& ^,B&.*'&-$0$<#'#,3&2.*3;$4&0#%$&!"#-*#3q
R& ?.*-&B,(04&0#%$&.*<$&:$$3&0#C$&:$%,"$&-.$"$&B*'&Unq
R What was it like in Britain when England won the World Cup in 1966?
17
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9(;;$'-#,3'&%,"&),"$&4$-*#0$4&>($'-#,3'
13 Key Stage 2 History
9(AA,"-&%,"&-.$&$3>(#"+
Population
R What was Windrush? When did it happen?
R& ?.+&B$"$&A$,A0$&%",)&-.$&6%"#2*3&5*"#::$*3<#-$4&-,&!"#-*#3q
R& ?.*-&2,3-"#:(-#,3'&.*<$&-.$+L&*34&,-.$"&;",(A'L&)*4$&-,&0#%$&!"#-*#3q
R Why is the population of Britain growing?
R& ?.+&B$"$&A$,A0$&0$*<#3;&!"#-*#3&*-&-.$&'*)$&-#)$q
R Where did they go?
R& 5*3&+,(&134&,(-&*:,(-&.,B&,3$&A$"',3&,"&%*)#0+&%$0-&*:,(-&),<#3;q
Technology
R& ?.*-&B$"$&-.$&1"'-&2,)A(-$"'&0#C$q&^,B&)*3+&B$"$&-.$"$q
R& ?.+&4,&+,(&-.#3C&2,)A(-$"'&B$"$&',&$@A$3'#<$&B.$3&-.$+&B$"$&1"'--",4(2$4q
R& ?.*-&B*'&#-&0#C$&*&.,)$&-.*-&.*4&3,&$0$2-"#2#-+q&5*3&+,(&134&',)$,3$&B.,&"$)$):$"'q
R& ?.*-&4#%%$"$3-&-+A$'&,%&-$2.3,0,;+&%,"&0#'-$3#3;&-,&"$2,"4$4&)('#2&.*<$&-.$"$&:$$3&'#32$&DEFGq
R How was life different before the Internet?
R Why has the need for public payphones reduced so much?
R What types of message were sent by telegram?
R& N3&B.*-&B*+'&B*'&*&-$0$;"*)&'#)#0*"&-,&*&-$@-&)$''*;$q&N3&B.*-&B*+'&B*'&#-&4#%%$"$3-q
Links and connections
R What changes in work led to changes in the population?
R& ^,B&.*'&-.$&2.*3;#3;&A,A(0*-#,3&:$$3V($32$4&:+&2.*3;$'&-$2.3,0,;+q
R How did changes in technology lead to changes in food?
R& ?.*-&2.*3;$'&.,)$&0#%$&.*<$&:$$3&2*('$4&:+&2.*3;$'&.,)$&$3-$"-*#3)$3-q
R What changes in popular culture led to changes in types of work people do?
18
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Transcripts and discussion topics
13 Key Stage 2 History
Voices from history 1
Patrick
Hello. My name is Patrick and I’m calling you from the year 1968. I was born in Notting Hill in
London in 1958 which makes me ten years old. My mum and dad weren’t born in this country
though they came here from Jamaica in the West Indies a few years before they had me. My dad
#'&*&:('&4"#<$"&%,"&c,34,3&U"*3'A,"-M&]+&)()&4,$'3O-&"$*00+&B,"CM&9.$&'*+'&-.*-&B.$3&-.$+&B$"$&
my age in Jamaica, they were taught at school that Britain was their ‘mother country’ and the
/($$3&B*'&-.$#"&/($$3M&U.$+&0$*"3$4&*:,(-&!"#-#'.&.#'-,"+L&',&-.$+&B$"$&$@2#-$4&-,&2,)$&.$"$&-,&
0#<$M&9,)$-#)$'L&-.,(;.L&-.$+&*"$3O-&',&.*AA+M&9,)$-#)$'&N&-.#3C&-.$&K3;0#'.&A$,A0$&4,3O-&"$*00+&
0#C$&('&:$2*('$&B$O"$&:0*2CM&9,)$&A$,A0$&'*+&B$O"$&0*_+&*34&4,3O-&B,"C&:(-&-.*-O'&3,-&-"($M&]+&4*4&
works really hard on the buses, and my mum works just as hard looking after me and my sisters,
and keeping our house looking nice. My best friend John at school, though, he’s different. I like
him. He says that underneath we’re all the same. It really doesn’t matter what colour your skin is.
?.$3&N&;",B&(A&N&B*3-&-,&:$&*3&*'-",3*(-M&h$@-&+$*"&-.$&6)$"#2*3'&.,A$&-,&0*34&)$3&,3&-.$&),,3&
*34&-.*-O'&B.$"$&N&B*3-&-,&;,&B.$3&NO)&,04$"M&]+&%*<,("#-$&-,+&#'&-.$&9A*2$.,AA$"M&N-O'&,"*3;$&B#-.&
ears that you hold on to, and you sit on it and bounce around. It’s great fun! Well, it’s been nice
talking to you. Bye for now!
Questions to follow up with
R& &?.*-&B,(04&#-&.*<$&:$$3&0#C$&#%&+,("&)()&*34&4*4&.*4&:$$3&:,"3&*3,-.$"&2,(3-"+q&?.,&4,&
you know today who is in the same situation?
R& &^,B&B,(04&+,(&.*<$&%$0-&*:,(-&!"#-*#3&#%&+,(O4&:$$3&-,04&#-&B*'&*&B,34$"%(0&2,(3-"+&:(-&+,(O4&
3$<$"&<#'#-$4&#-q
R& ?.*-&B,(04&#-&.*<$&%$0-&0#C$&%,"&T*-"#2CL&-,&-.#3C&-.*-&A$,A0$&4#43O-&0#C$&.#)q
R Why do you think Patrick wanted to be an astronaut? Would that be a popular ambition for
children today?
R& ?,(04&)*3+&2.#04"$3&-,4*+&'*+&-.*-&*&-,+&0#C$&*&9A*2$.,AA$"&B*'&-.$#"&%*<,("#-$q&?.+&3,-q
19
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Transcripts and discussion topics
13 Key Stage 2 History
Voices from history – 2
Penny
Hello,&)+&3*)$&#'&T$33+&*34&NO)&2*00#3;&+,(&%",)&)+&h*3O'&A.,3$&-.$&+$*"&DE\ZM&?$&4,3O-&
.*<$&*&-$0$A.,3$&,%&,("&,B3&:(-&h*3&'*#4&N&2*3&('$&.$"'&',&0,3;&*'&N&4,3O-&-*0C&%,"&-,,&0,3;M&NO)&
,3&.,0#4*+&%",)&'2.,,0&*-&-.$&),)$3-M&?$&0#<$&*&A0*2$&2*00$4&9,(-.$34H,3H9$*&K''$@L&*34&
-.#'&+$*"&.*'&:$$3&-.$&),'-&$@2#-#3;&+$*"&,%&)+&0#%$&'#32$&N&B*'&:,"3&-$3&+$*"'&*;,M&N&B*'&:,"3&
4("#3;&-.$&B*"&:(-&N&4,3O-&"$*00+&"$)$):$"&<$"+&)(2.&*:,(-&-.*-M&U.$&-.#3;&N&B*'&),'-&$@2#-$4&
about though was last month when the new Queen was crowned. Best of all, my family watched
#-&,3&)+&h*3O'&3$B&-$0$<#'#,3&'$-M&9.$&#'&-.$&,30+&A$"',3&.$"&'-"$$-&-,&.*<$&*&'$-M&N-O'&*&E .&
]*"2,3#L&B#-.&>(#-$&*&')*00&A#2-("$&B.#2.&0,,C$4&*&:#-&:",B3L&:(-&#-&B*'&'-#00&)*;#2*0&-,&'$$&-.$&
/($$3&2",B3$4M&9.$O'&I\L&+,(3;$"&-.*3&)+&)()r&c,-'&,%&A$,A0$&B$"$&*-&)+&h*3O'&-,&B*-2.&#-&
*34&B$&.*4&'*34B#2.$'&*34&0$),3*4$M&6&B$$C&0*-$"&B$&*00&B$3-&-,&-.$&a4$,3&2#3$)*&-.$&^#;.&
9-"$$-&*34&*34&B*-2.$4&#-&*;*#3L&,30+&-.#'&-#)$&#-&B*'&2,0,("r&?.$3&N&;",B&(A&NO)&;,#3;&-,&)*""+&
*&3#2$&)*3&*34&.*<$&-B,&2.#04"$3&H&*&:,+&*34&*&;#"0&N&.,A$M&]+&%*<,("#-$&-,+&#'&)+&4,00O'&.,('$L&
B.#2.&)+&`320$&U$4&)*4$&%,"&)$M&600&-.$&",,)'&*"$&B*00HA*A$"$4&*34&.$&)*4$&0#--0$&%("3#-("$&-,&;,&
#3&#-&-,,M&60-.,(;.&N&4,3O-&"$)$):$"&-.$&B*"&NO)&"$*00+&;0*4&#-O'&,<$"M&NO)&"$*00+&0,,C#3;&%,"B*"4&-,&
-.$&%(-("$L&Q('-&0#C$&-.$&3$B&/($$3&)('-&:$M&NO<$&$3Q,+$4&-*0C#3;&-,&+,(&:(-&NO4&:$--$"&;,M&]+&h*3O'&
pointing at the clock. Bye!
Questions to follow up with
R& ^,B&B,(04&0#%$&.*<$&:$$3&4#%%$"$3-&:$%,"$&),'-&A$,A0$&.*4&-$0$<#'#,3&'$-'q
R& &?.*-&4,&+,(&-.#3C&*:,(-&T$33+O'&*):#-#,3q&?.+&4,&+,(&-.#3C&'.$&4,$'3O-&$@A$2-&-,&;,&,(-&
to work?
R& ?.+&)#;.-&T$33+O'&4,00O'&.,('$&.*<$&:$$3&)*4$&:+&.$"&`320$&"*-.$"&-.*3&:,(;.-&%",)&*&'.,Aq
R What was the reason for Penny needing to keep her call short? Why did her Nan want her to get
off the phone?
R Do you know someone who is 25 now? Do you think they are old enough to become a Queen
,"&i#3;q
20
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Web Quest
13 Key Stage 2 History
?$:&>($'-&[&-.$&-#)$&4$-$2-#<$
U,&'(AA,"-&-.$&j^,B&A,A(0*"&2(0-("$&.*'&2.*3;$4&'#32$&DEFGO&$0$)$3-&,%&-.#'&),4(0$L&B$&.*<$&
4$<#'$4&*&'#)A0$&B$:&>($'-&H&*3&jonline treasure huntO&H&B.#2.&*'C'&2.#04"$3&-,&<#'#-&B$:'#-$'&-,&
"$-"#$<$&-.$&*3'B$"'&-,&-$3&>($'-#,3'M
It is a way of combining ICT into your history lessons, and will encourage children to look through a
',("2$&,%%,")*-#,3&,"4$"&-,&$@-"*2-&*&'A$2#12&*3'B$"M&U.$+O00&*0',&:$2,)$&),"$&A",12#$3-&B#-.&
'#)A0$&B$:H:",B'#3;&-$2.3#>($'&'(2.&*'&20#2C#3;&,3&.+A$"0#3C'L&'2",00#3;&<$"-#2*00+L&*34&('#3;&-.$&
!*2C&*34&X,"B*"4&:(--,3'&,3&-.$&:",B'$"&-,&3*<#;*-$&:$-B$$3&A*;$'M
U.$&B$:&>($'-&B#00&-*C$&-.$&*<$"*;$&2.#04&F\&)#3(-$'&-,&2,)A0$-$L&*0-.,(;.$<#-*:0+&',)$&B#00&
"*2$&-.",(;.&#-&),"$&>(#2C0+M
?.#0'-&#-&B,(04&.*<$&:$$3&A,''#:0$&-,&.*<$&2.#04"$3&2,)A0$-$&-.$#"&*3'B$"'&*3&,30#3$&%,")L&B$O<$&
*4,A-$4&*&'#)A0$&A*A$"&*34&A$32#0&<$"'#,3&-.#'&2*'$&*'&B$&B$"$&B,""#$4&*:,(-&2.#04"$3&j0,'#3;&
their place’ along with all their answers to date.
U.$"$O'&*&A.,-,2,A#*:0$&>($'-#,33*#"$&,3&-.$&3$@-&A*;$L&*34&+,(O00&134&-.$&>($'-#,3'&-.$)'$0<$'&
,30#3$&*-=
.--A=YYBBBM2,33$2-$4H$*"-.M2,)Yc$*"3#3;5$3-"$Y
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children to swap with each other and score them that way instead.
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"$>(#"$4&B$:&A*;$'M
21
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit Web Quest Questionaire
13 Key Stage 2 History
k,("&2.*32$&-,&:$2,)$&*&
-#)$&4$-$2-#<$r&
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;,,4&B#00&+,(&:$&*-&-"*2C#3;&4,B3&-.$&20($'&*:,(-&-.$'$&-$3&A,A(0*"&$<$3-'q&k,(O00&134&-.$&*3'B$"'&
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('$&-.$&!*2C&:(--,3&,3&+,("&:",B'$"&-,&;,&:*2C&-,&-.$&3$@-&>($'-#,3M
b,,4&0(2CL&*34&)*+&-.$&:$'-&-#)$&4$-$2-#<$&B#3r
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time was released in 1948. It was called were organised to celebrate the Queen’s
j9A"#3;&N3&T*"C&c*3$OM& 9#0<$"&d(:#0$$&DEffM&
What was the name of the How many were reported in
‘formidable housekeeper’? London?
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that started rock and roll in 1954. from London and Philadelphia.
How many copies is it estimated What is the connection between the
were sold? artist who played at 15.35 & the one
who played at 01.04 the next day?
‘Please Please Me’ was the Beatles’ ^$0$3&9.*")*3&B*'&-.$&1"'-&!"#-#'.&
1"'-&3():$"&,3$&',3;L&DEgZM person to go into space, in 1991.
But what was its highest For which sweet company did
position in the American charts? she work before she became an
astronaut?
England won the World Cup in U.$&DEEg&a0+)A#2&b*)$'&B$"$&
1966. .$04&6-0*3-*&-.$&`96M&
What was the name of the Who broke the world record for
team’s manager? the 200m?
N3&DEfIL&6)$"#2*3&!,::+&X#'2.$"&A0*+$4& The Millennium Dome was opened for
S(''#*3&!,"#'&9A*''C+&*&2.$''&2,)A$-#-#,3& -.$&1"'-&-#)$&,3&-.$&3#;.-&,%&
that came to be known as The Match ZD&W$2$):$"&DEEEM
of The Century.
!"#$"%&'()*+%*,-$#.//0%*&'+'1%#23
22 In which country did it
take place?
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit ?$:&/($'-&63'B$"'
13 Key Stage 2 History
?$:&>($'-&*3'B$"'
]"'&aO]*00$+ 4,000
25 million Phil Collins
h,&Z Mars
60%&S*)'$+ Michael
Johnson
Iceland The Queen
23
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9(AA,"-&'.$$-
13 Key Stage 2 History
9(AA,"-&%,"&*&A$"',3&<#'#-#3;&*&'2.,,0&
to talk about life since 1948
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help them learn about how life in Britain has changed since 1948.
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children you’re going to meet.
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-.#'L&+,(&A",:*:0+&B,3O-&:$&$@A$2-$4&-,&*2-(*00+&-*0C&%,"&<$"+&0,3;M&/(#-$&*&0,-&,%&-.$&'$''#,3&B#00&
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'-*"-#3;&DEFGL&-.#'&'(:Q$2-&4$13#-$0+&$@20(4$'&-.$&'$2,34&B,"04&B*"M8
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hasn’t, please ask the school secretary to help you. Primary school teachers are with their classes
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R What time does the class start?
R How long will it run?
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R How many children are in the class you’ll be meeting?
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will also feel more comfortable referring to you in the same way, so enjoy the feeling of importance
as you’re addressed a little more formally than you may be used to.
‘How has life in Britain changed since 1948?’ is part of the National Curriculum designed for
2.#04"$3&$#-.$"&k$*"&\&,"&k$*"&gL&-.$&0*'-&-B,&+$*"'&,%&-.$&%,("&-.*-&),'-&2.#04"$3&'A$34&*-&
A"#)*"+&'2.,,0M&T"#)*"+&'2.,,0&+$*"'&*"$&"$%$""$4&-,&*'&i$+&9-*;$&IM
^$"$O'&.,B&,04&-.$&2.#04"$3&B#00&:$L&4$A$34#3;&,3&B.$-.$"&-.$+&*"$&k$*"&\&,"&g=
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should talk to them. Children at school are used to being treated in a fairly grownup way, so you
4$13#-$0+&B,3O-&3$$4&-,&-*0C&-,&-.$)&*'&-.,(;.&-.$+&B$"$&:*:#$'M
24
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9(AA,"-&'.$$-
13 Key Stage 2 History
k,("&20*''&B#00&.*<$&:$$3&0$*"3#3;&*:,(-&2.*3;$'&!"#-#'.&0#%$&*2",''&1<$&:",*4&*"$*'=
R Working life
R Home life
R Popular culture
R Population structure
R Technology
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you a great deal, and which is also likely to intrigue them. Here are some ideas to get you going.
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,"&-B,&-.#3;'&4$-*#0&"*-.$"&-.*3&-"+#3;&-,&2,<$"&-,,&)(2.&;",(34M
Working life
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%$B&2,)A(-$"'&-.$&B,"04&,%&B,"CM&63+&-.*-&-.$"$&B$"$&B$"$&",,)H'#_$4&A#$2$'&,%&$>(#A)$3-&
operated by people in white coats.
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What was it like? What were your dreams and aspirations? Can you remember people needing to
"$H-"*#3&',&-.$+&2,(04&),<$&%",)&)*3(%*2-("#3;&-,&'$"<#2$"('-"#$'&A$".*A'q
Home life
Food shopping has changed beyond all recognition. Do you remember shopping from local stores,
:$%,"$&-.$<$3-#,3&,%&'(A$")*"C$-'q&?.*-&B*'&;,,4&*:,(-&-.*-q&?$"$&-.$"$&*3+&4#'*4<*3-*;$'q
Few families today sit down to eat together. Can you remember doing that? How did the food that
families ate in those days differ from what’s eaten today?
Popular culture
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2.*3;$4&,<$"&-.$&+$*"'L&+,("&<#$Bq
Can you remember a time when there wasn’t much pop music on the radio? It wasn’t until the
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what did you play them on?
Population structure
Most schools today are full of children from many cultural backgrounds. Was it like that when you
were at school? If not, how did it differ?
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:$2*('$&,%&:$--$"&.$*0-.&2*"$&*34&*4<*32$'&)$4#2*0&-$2.3,0,;+M&k$*"'&*;,L&)*3+&.,'A#-*0'&B$"$&
0$''&%"#$340+&A0*2$'&-.*3&-.$+&*"$&-,4*+M&W,&+,(&.*<$&)$),"#$'&,%&<#'#-#3;&$*"0+&.,'A#-*0'&*34&"$2*00&
25
what they were like?
Connected Earth Founded by BT
Unit 9(AA,"-&'.$$-
13 Key Stage 2 History
Technology
h$*"0+&$<$"+&.,)$&.*'&*&Un&'$-&-.$'$&4*+'L&*34&2,0,("&A",;"*))$'&*"$&'.,B3L&,3&)*3+&2.*33$0'L&
around the clock. In the early 1950s there was just one station, the BBC, which showed black
*34&B.#-$&A",;"*))$'&,30+&-.$&$<$3#3;'L&13#'.#3;&*-&DDA)&B#-.&-.$&3*-#,3*0&*3-.$)M&W,&+,(&
remember that? What was it like?
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0$*"3&.,B&-,&('$&!(--,3&6&*34&!(--,3&!&2*'$&-.$+&$<$"&3$$4$4&-,&)*C$&*&2*00M&W,&+,(&"$)$):$"&
using payphones? What was it like before people had mobile phones?
Final thoughts
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or an old school photograph.
R& K<$3&:$--$"&#%&+,("&A",A&#'&',)$-.#3;&-.*-&2*3&:$&A*''$4&*",(34&-.$&20*''M
R& &S$)$):$"L&4,3O-&:$&3$"<,('&H&$3Q,+&+,("&2.*32$&-,&A*''&,3&+,("&$@A$"#$32$&-,&-.$&2#-#_$3'&,%&
tomorrow.
R& &U"$*-&-.$&$@A$"#$32$&*'&-.,(;.&+,(O"$&-$00#3;&*&'-,"+=&2.#04"$3&0,<$&0#--0$&4$-*#0'&*34&B#00&
remember them.
R Catch the eyes of as many children as you can, and smile a lot.
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*3'B$"'&-,&0#%$&B#-.&$@*)A0$'&%",)&+,("&,B3&$@A$"#$32$'M
26
Connected Earth Founded by BT
1948 – 2008 News Events Summary
1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s
1948 1953 1962 1970 1981 1990 2000
Radio Luxembourg, Queen Elizabeth First communications ;1#*+9$<(<$ IBM PC was launched Poll Tax riots in Air France Concorde
the only source II crowned at satellite Telstar is Jumbo Jet entered London crashed in Paris
for popular music, Westminster launched commercial service 1981
launched its hit Prince of Wales 1991 2001
parade 1954 1963 1970 married Lady Diana World Wide Web Terrorists destroyed
First transistor radio Beatlemania started The computer mouse Spencer %&'!$.B.*-.=-#$!1$!"#$ World Trade Center
1948 went on sale in when ‘She Loves You’ was patented public in New York
Empire Windrush America sells a million 1982
brings people from 1971 >?@$@"#:%#-0$'.+A$ 1994 2002
the Caribbean 1954 1966 Decimal coinage during the Falklands Sony Playstation Queen Mother died
beginning large Roger Bannister ran England won the introduced War launched
!"#$%&'!$($)*+,!#$ World Cup at 2003
scale immigration to 1974 1983 1994
Britain mile Wembley (93,800 in England won the
!"#$/&1204 First videogame CDs on sale for the Channel Tunnel Rugby World Cup
1948 1955 console from Atari %&'!$!*)# opened
Commercial 1967 allowed play of one 2005
National Health 1984 1994
Service began television started Colour television game – Pong Live 8 concert
started in Britain Apple Macintosh National Lottery
1948 1957 1977 launched in the US started 2005
Olympic Games held Soviet Union 1967 Queen celebrated London chosen to
-.,+/"#0$!"#$%&'!$ 5"#$%&'!$".+06"#-0$ her Silver Jubilee 1985 1995 host 2012 Olympics
in Britain
satellite calculator developed First version of National telephone
1977 Microsoft Windows codes changed on 2005
1958 1969 Margaret Thatcher was launched Phoneday Terrorists attacked
Silicon chip invented, ARPANET, the =#/.)#$%&'!$21).+$ trains and a bus in
making computers forerunner of the Prime Minister 1985 1998 London
smaller Internet connected EastEnders started Funeral of Diana,
1978 Princess of Wales 2006
($/1)7,!#&'$*+$!"#$ 1985
1959 USA VHS video recorder Many killed in
M1 motorway went on sale Live Aid concert Mumbai terrorist
opened (Britain’s 1969 raising funds for attacks
%&'!$)1!1&2.34 First landing on the 1979 Africa
Sony began selling 2007
moon 1986
the Walkman Gordon Brown
1969 personal stereo Reactor at Chernobyl became Prime
5#'!$8*9"!$:1&$;&*!*'"$ nuclear power Minister
Concorde station exploded
2008
Barack Obama
became US President
27 222C/1++#/!#06#.&!"C/1)
Connected Earth Founded by BT