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Senior High
School

MEDIA
AND
INFORMATION
LITERACY
Quarter 1 – Module 6
Media and Information Sources

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Lesson 6: Media and Information Sources
What I Need to Know
In this lesson, you are expected to:
Contrast the indigenous media with the common sources of information such as library,
internet, etc. (MIL11/12IMIL-IIIa-6).
What I know
Activity 1
A. Which of the following do you believe are true, and which are false? (1pt each)
1. Library is the most reliable source of information.
2. Indigenous sources of information are no longer relevant today.
3. Secondary sources are more dependable than primary sources.
4. People should avoid using the internet for sourcing information.
What’s In
In our previous lesson, we have learned the various types of media: Print, Broadcast, and
New/Digital Media.

Activity 2. Choose an appropriate medium for the following instances. Explain the reason behind your
chosen medium in less than 3 sentences. (10 pts.)
1. There is a heavy storm in your area as it is the rainy season here. Your family wants to know
updates from your local government, but there is a massive blackout. Network signals are
unavailable too.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
What’s New
Activity 3. Briefly answer the following questions based on the quotation given below.

“God made Libraries so that people didn’t have any excuse to be stupid.”
--Joan Bau

1. What is the Message?

____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

2. Do you agree with the message? Why and why not?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
What Is It
Information is everywhere. It is a powerful and essential element in decision- making.
People rely on different information sources in making choices, crafting solutions to problems, and
more.
To obtain accurate, adequate, relevant, and timely information, students should know the
various sources of information aside from the major types of mass media. In the Philippines,
Filipinos, have indigenous sources, apart from the library, the internet and other tool from which
people usually obtain information.
Information sources are the producers or givers of information, and people who use it are
the consumers. These sources also serve as the means which people record information for
future consumption. There a lot of information sources available today: books, articles,
periodicals, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and the internet. Even people are considered information
sources with their personal experiences, opinions, and stories.

Three Types of Information Sources

There are three types of resources or sources of information: primary, secondary, and tertiary.

(1) Primary sources are original materials on which other research is based, including: original
written works – poems, diaries, court records, interviews, surveys, and original
research/fieldwork, and research published in scholarly/academic journals.

(2) Secondary sources are those that describe or analyze primary sources, including:
reference materials – dictionaries, encyclopedias, textbooks, and books and articles that
interpret, review, or synthesize original research/fieldwork.

(3) Tertiary sources are those used to organize and locate secondary and primary sources.
Indexes – provide citations that fully identify a work with information such as author, titles of a
book, article, and/or journal, publisher and publication date, volume and issue number and page
numbers.
Formats of Information Sources:
1. Print – books, periodicals newspapers, magazines, photographs, reports, journals,
dictionaries, encyclopedias, government documents and records
2. Nonprint – audio, video, AV files, microform, microfilm, digital documents, etc.
Where to Find Information Sources:
1. Library – building or room that contains a collection of books, periodicals, and/or AV materials.
2. Internet – global network of computers that allows computer users around the world to share
information for various purposes (Shelly and Campbell, 2012)
3. Indigenous Media – form of media conceptualized produced and circulated by IP as vehicles
for communication, especially for cultural preservation, cultural and artistic expression, political
self-determination, and cultural sovereignty (Wilson, et. al., 2015)
Example: folk music and dances, folklore, indigenous art
Indigenous Knowledge (IK)–is the unique knowledge confined to a culture or society. It is also
known as local knowledge, folk knowledge, people's
knowledge, traditional wisdom or traditional science.
IK contrasts with the international knowledge
system generated by universities, research
institutions and private firms. (Warren 1991)

Indigenous knowledge is:

Adaptive in which it is based on historical experiences but
adapts to social, economic, environmental, spiritual and
political changes. Adaptation is the key to survival.
Cumulative in which it consists of a body of knowledge
and skills developed from centuries of living.
Dynamic in which it has developed, adapted, and grown over millennia.
Holistic in which all aspects of life are interconnected.
Humble in which it does not dictate how to control nature but how to live in harmony with the gifts of the
Creator.
Intergenerational in which it the collective memory will pass within a community, from one generation to
the next orally through language, stories, songs, ceremonies, legends, and proverbs.
Invaluable in which it is the key to sustainable social and economic development.
Irreplaceable in which it stipulates that nothing could replace the aspect of Indigenous knowledge
serving as the critical connection between IK and language.
Moral in which it involves responsibility given from the Creator to respect the natural world.
Non-linear in which it involves Time, patterns, migrations and movements of individuals are cyclical.
Observant in which it the observations made by the Indigenous leaders.
Relative in which it stresses that Indigenous knowledge is not embodied at the same degree by all
community members.
Responsible in which it emphasizes that Indigenous Peoples generally believe they are responsible for
the well-being of the natural environment around them.
Spiritual in which it stipulates that Indigenous knowledge is rooted in a social context that sees the world
in terms of social and spiritual relations among all life forms. All parts of the natural world are infused with
spirit. Mind, matter, and spirit are perceived as inseparable.
Unique in which it describes Indigenous knowledge as unique to a given culture or society.
Valid in which it does not require the validation of western science

Indigenous Media - …owned, controlled and managed by indigenous peoples in order for
them to develop and produce culturally appropriate information in the languages understood by the
community by utilizing indigenous materials and resources, reflecting community needs and
 interests, visions and aspirations, and independent from vested interest groups. (Indigenous
Media, Freedom of Expression and Right to Information: ASEANScenario, 2014)

Characteristics:
 communicated orally
 storage relies on merely the human memory
 the exchange of information is face-to-face
 information is contained locally or in your community only
What’s More
ACTIVITY 4. IDENTIFICATION

Work independently. Complete the table by providing the most APPROPRIATE

source of information. (20 pts)
TOPIC SPECIFIC SOURCE EXPLANATION
OF INFORMATION
1. Tracks and Specializations
offered at Benguet NHS-Main
2. Different Cuisines in the
Philippines
3. 2 0 2 0 NBA League

4. Cancellation of classes due

to inclement weather.
5. Folk culture in your province.
6. Office hours of your Barangay Hall
7. Tracing your own family tree
8. Tutorial on how to play a guitar
9. Market schedule in La
Trinidad during the Quarantine
10. An assignment on the different
terminologies in Bread and Pastry
Production

What I Have Learned

Activity 5. Classify the following items as PS (Primary Resources), SS (Secondary
Resources), TS (Tertiary Resources). Write your answers on the space provided.

1. _______ Reference materials

2. _______ Original written works
3. _______ Titles of a book
4. _______ Diaries
5. _________ Surveys
6. _______ Encyclopedias
7. _______ Information of Author
8. _______ Research published in scholarly
9. _______ Textbooks
10. _______ Issue Number
What I Can Do
Instructions:
1. Conduct an interview to at least five members of your family. Ask of them their
preferences in dealing with information (what do they look for, what are their preferred/
commonly used sources, etc.)
2. Encode all the information in a short bond paper and identify what sources they are
using.
3. Make a summary of the survey on the leading resources in your interview.
References
• file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/Types_of_Mass_Media.pdf
• https://www.commonsense.org/education/digital-citizenship/information-literacy
• https://libguides.merrimack.edu/research_help/Sources
• http://www.notable-quotes.com/l/library_quotes.html
• https://www.ictinc.ca/blog/what-does-indigenous-knowledge-mean
• https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/studyingeffectively/reading/infotypes.aspx
• https://norcocollege.libguides.com/c.php?g=600372&p=4156993
 • https://www.slideshare.net/credomarketing/predictable-misunderstandings-in-information-literacy-
webinar-slides-11142017

Benguet National High School

Senior High School Department
Media & Information Literacy

Name: _________________________ Date: __________

Section: _____

WRITTEN TASK NO. ____

Reflect on this!!!
What is the emerging role of social media in the society?
How do you think Social Media is affecting our culture?

PICTURE ANALYSIS (5pts each)

Answer the following questions in a separate sheet of paper. Answers should not be
more than 3 sentences.

What do think are the symbolisms used in this cartoon?

What is the message of this cartoon for you?
3. Do you agree with the message from your classroom? Why or why not?

What is the message in this picture? Is it relatable at this situation?

Where do you get your e- books?