Philippine State College of Aeronautics

Institute of Engineering and Technology

Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

AMT 1205– Aircraft System

PRELIM LABORATORY
ACTIVITY MODULE #1

Delgado, Brendan Lewis A.

AAMT 1-7
04/16/2021
ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY
Answer the following in essay form.

1. AS AMT STUDENT, WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE BEST FUEL IN AIRCRAFT?

As an AMT student, the best fuel for aircraft depends on the type of its engine. For
turbine-engine aircrafts, I think the JET A1 fuel is the best fuel because this type of fuel
is made up of kerosene. Also, it is easier to obtain, it has a simple refining method, its
price is cheaper than AVGAS, the number of aircraft with this fuel is lower, and the sales
volume is lower. It has a flash point of more than 38 C and a freezing point of -47 C. The
fuel is mixed with extremely small amount of several additives after refining. The additives
prevent the ignition of fuel in an unmanned manner, prevents the formation of deposits
inside the turbine, and charged electrically on the fuel. The prevention of organism growth
in the fuel is also the purpose of the additives. The temperature of air in cruising altitude
is below -30 C/-22 F and freezing can have the effect on life-threatening consequences
which the additives ensures that the fuel won’t freeze. It is subjected to very
comprehensive, internationally standardized quality specifications because of the high
demands of aircraft engine on jet fuel.
For reciprocating/piston-engine aircraft, the best fuel for this engine is the AVGAS.
It is used for flying clubs, flight training jets, and private pilots. This fuel contains quantity
of tetraethyl lead additive. This additive prevents the detonation of the engine that leads
to engine failure during flight. This AVGAS has two types which are AVGAS 100 and
AVGAS 100LL. The 100 has high lead content in the fuel and labeled green while the
100LL has low tetraethyl lead content and labeled blue. This fuel however, takes longer
to be distilled while refining process which includes additional reforming and combining
process, expensive than Jet fuels, sales volume is higher, and number of airplanes with
this type is higher.
In selecting the best fuel for an aircraft is the same principle for cars, the fuel
depends on the type of engine that is suitable for powering the vehicle.

2. EXPLAIN THE BASIC FLOW OF FUEL SYSTEM.

In the fuel system of the aircraft, there are two types which are aircraft fuel system
and engine fuel system. The tanks, boost pumps, lines, selector valves, strainers, engine-
driven pumps, and pressure gauges are the basic parts of the fuel system. There are
many tanks in a simple system just for storing fuels. The design of the tank depends on
the design of the fuel system and aircraft’s structure design. Every fuel line is connected
from the tank to the selector drive. The valve is controlled in the cockpit in selecting the
tank for fuel delivery to the engine. The boost pump has a purpose of forcing fuel from
the selector valve to the main line strainer. At the lower part of the system is where the
filtering unit is located which has a purpose of water and dirt removal from the fuel. The
boost pump forces the fuel from the bypass in the engine-driven pump to the metering
device. The engine driven pump takes over and delivers the fuel to the metering device
at stated pressure once it is rotating enough speed.
References:
https://www.flight-mechanic.com/basic-fuel-
system/#:~:text=The%20basic%20parts%20of%20a,driven%20pumps%2C%20and%20
pressure%20gauges.&text=The%20boost%20pump%20forces%20fuel,and%20dirt%20f
rom%20the%20fuel.
https://www.skytanking.com/en/news-info/glossary/details/term/aviation-fuels-jet-fuel-
aviation-gasoline-avgas-jet-b-biokerosene.html
https://ijet.aero/ijet-blog/different-types-aviation-fuel-jet-fuel

HONESTY CLAUSE
My signature below constitutes my pledge that all of the writing is my own work, with the
exception of those portions which are properly documented.

Delgado,Brendan Lewis A. ____________________

Student’s name and signature Parent / guardian signature