LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

SCIENCE 8, QUARTER 2, WEEK 3

ACTIVITY 1. PASTE AND FIT IT!

SEISMIC WAVE ALSO KNOWN SPEED TRAVEL MOTION

AS (AKA) THROUGH…

SURFACE WAVE L wave Slowest Earth’s surface Up-down

PRIMARY WAVE P wave Fastest Solid, Liquids, Push-pull

Gases

SECONDARY S wave Solids Up-down, Side to

WAVE Middle Speed side

ACTIVITY 2. P VERSUS S, LET ME GUESS?

P WAVES S WAVES

P waves travels faster than S waves S waves travels slower than S waves
They both travel
The first to reach any particular location The second seismic waves to arrive at any
through solids
after an earthquake occurs particular location after an earthquake.
Both are types of
This travels through the Earth’s crust at an This travels through Earth’s interior at
body waves
average speed of 5.2 km/s about half the speed of primary waves at
about 3.6 km/s
ACTIVITY 3. LABEL ME…

1. Layer: Mantle

2. Description: It consists of dense silicate rocks. Both P and S

means from earthquakes travel through the mantle demonstrating
that it is solid

3. Layer: Outer Core

4. Description: It is made of liquid nickel and iron which only P

waves can pass through which is located beneath the mantle

5. Layer: Inner Core

6. Description: It is the center of the Earth which is made of solid

nickel and iron which only P waves can pass through

ACTIVITY 4. TRACE THE SEISMIC WAVES PATH…

Guide Questions:
1. The layers that are presented are the mantle, outer core and inner core.
2. Primary waves (P waves) can pass through the layers of the Earth namely the mantle, outer core and
inner core
3. Secondary waves (S waves) can pass through the layer of the Earth namely mantle
4. P waves can pass through solid, liquid and gas
5. S waves can pass through solid
6. The mantle is a solid, outer core is liquid and inner core is solid
7. A shadow zone is an area of the Earth's surface where seismographs cannot detect an earthquake after
its seismic waves have passed through the Earth.
8. Except in the crust, the interior of the Earth cannot be studied by drilling holes to take samples.
Instead, scientists map the interior by watching how seismic waves from earthquakes are bent, reflected,
sped up, or delayed by the various layers.

Reflection:

Humans have never drilled past Earth’s crust, and yet we know a lot about the composition of the earth’s
interior and rocks yield some clues, but they only reveal information about the outer crust. In rare
instances, a mineral, such as a diamond, comes to the surface from deeper down in the crust or the mantle.
To learn about Earth’s interior, scientists use energy, recorded by seismographs, to “see” the different
layers of the Earth, just like doctors can use an MRI, CT scan, or x-ray to see inside our bodies. One
ingenious way scientists learn about Earth’s interior is by looking at how energy travels from the point of
an earthquake, called seismic waves, these travel outward in all directions from where the ground breaks
at an earthquake. Seismograph stations measure the energy released by these earthquakes, but there are
two that scientists are most interested with in regards to understanding the interior of the earth.

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

SCIENCE 8, QUARTER 2, WEEK 2B
ACTIVE AND INACTIVE FAULTS
ACTIVITY 1.: STICK “n” SHAKE
Question 1. When the two rulers had enough and snapped from each other, it formed some vibration from
the sudden separation of the rulers. It then broke apart from each other. The reason is that the component
of the ruler does not have the ability to bend or stretch. Malleability is the property of an object to be
deformed or molded into something without breaking. The ruler is not malleable that is why it breaks
apart when pressure is added. The ruler is not malleable due to its composition, metals has the only ability
to be malleable due to the arrangement of its atoms unlike ruler which is a nonmetal.
Question 2.  The friction here, across the surface of the fault holds the rocks together so they do not slip
immediately when pushed sideways. Eventually enough stress builds up and the rocks slip suddenly,
releasing energy in waves that travel through the rock to cause the shaking that we feel during an
earthquake.
V-Conclusion: Earthquakes occur on faults, strike-slip earthquakes occur on strike-slip faults, normal
earthquakes occur on normal faults, and thrust earthquakes occur on thrust or reverse faults. When an
earthquake occurs on one of these faults, the rock on one side of the fault slips with respect to the
other. The fault surface can be vertical, horizontal, or at some angle to the surface of the
earth. The slip direction can also be at any angle.
ACTIVITY 2: KNOW WHAT “FAULT” I AM!
1. Strike-slip faults indicate rocks are sliding past each other horizontally, with little to no vertical
movement. Both the San Andreas and Anatolian Faults are strike-slip.
Normal faults create space. Two blocks of crust pull apart, stretching the crust into a valley. The Basin
and Range Province in North America and the East African Rift Zone are two well-known regions where
normal faults are spreading apart Earth's crust.
Reverse faults, also called thrust faults, slide one block of crust on top of another. These faults are
commonly found in collisions zones, where tectonic plates push up mountain ranges such as the
Himalayas and the Rocky Mountains.

2. The relationship between earthquakes and faults is that earthquakes occur on faults. A fault is a thin
zone of crushed rock separating blocks of the earth's crust. When an earthquake occurs on one of these
faults, the rock on one side of the fault slips with respect to the other. Faults can be centimeters to
thousands of kilometers long. The fault surface can be vertical, horizontal, or at some angle to the surface
of the earth. Faults can extend deep into the earth and may or may not extend up to the earth's surface.
ACTIVITY 3: “FAMILIARIZE THE FAULT”
1. Normal faults, Reverse faults and Strike-slip fault
2. Active faults are structure along which we expect displacement to occur. By definition, since a shallow
earthquake is a process that produces displacement across a fault, all shallow earthquakes occur on active
faults. Inactive faults are structures that we can identify, but which do no have earthquakes.
REFLECTION
MY 3-DAYS SURVIVAL KIT
1. Three-day supply of water, with one gallon of water per person per day
Water is essential for everyday life. After an emergency such as an earthquake, the water that comes out
of the tap might not be safe to drink, if it’s running at all. That’s why I need to have at least a three-day
supply of bottled water stored at home, with one gallon per person per day.
2. Three-day supply of nonperishable food
I am choosing foods that don’t require refrigeration or special preparation and aren't high in salt.
3. Manual can opener
A manual can open in my stockpile to open all of your canned food items easily and safely.
4. First-aid kit
Injuries can happen during disasters. Therefore, having a basic first-aid kit with such as sterile gloves,
gauze, soap, burn ointment, bandages in a variety of sizes, pain relievers, scissors and tweezers.
5. Radio
A radio is essential to receive emergency information. Any hand-cranked or battery-operated radio can
provide important information on weather or evacuation alerts.
6. Flashlights and lanterns
When the power’s out, it can be dangerous to walk around. Keep flashlights and battery-operated lanterns
in your stockpile so you can stay safe and lit. Remember: Candles aren't the safe choice!
7. Batteries
Batteries are essential during a disaster. It can be hard to locate batteries when the power is out, so
keeping them in your disaster stash makes sense.
8. Whistle to signal for help
It can be helpful to keep a whistle on a keychain or taped under your desk for fast access during a
disaster. Three blasts from a whistle is an internationally recognized distress signal. 
9. Prescription medications
If you regularly use prescription medications, it’s key that you have access to them in an emergency. Talk
to your doctor or health care provider about getting an extra supply to keep in your stockpile.
10. Battery-operated or solar cellphone charger
Cellphones can be essential for communicating with your family, emergency responders and local
authorities. A battery-operated or solar cellphone charge can ensure you will have access to a charged
phone, even when the power is out.

WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Science 8, Quarter 2, Week 2A
Activity 1. Multiple-choice Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 2. True or False
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Guiding Questions: