EXTRA 10

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

I. VOCABULARY: WORD CHOICE
Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences.
1. Although the patient received intensive treatment, there was no ………………… improvement in her
condition.
A. decipherable B. legible C. discernible D. intelligible
2. The dentist told him to open his mouth ……..
A. broad B. much C. greatly D. wide
3. Only one person who can provide the best solution to the question will be promoted and …….. a
financial grant.
A. served B. awarded C. entitled D. equipped
4. You may feel sure the casting will be done perfectly, just …….. your trust in me and you will see I’m
right.
A. allow B. forward C. grant D. lay
5. His invention changed the …….. of history
A. way B. line C. course D. route
6. The country has few natural resources and its economy has been ………… for some time now.
A. diseased B. unwell C. sickening D. ailing
7. In her speech the Prime Minister ……………. tribute to the valuable contributions to society made
by voluntary organizations.
A. paid B. gave C. sent D. brought
8. Unfortunately, his report doesn’t ……………… with what we’ve learnt from other sources.
A. pally B. rally C. ally D. tally
9. We’d all been at school together for 12 years and at our leaving celebrations we ………………..
eternal friendship.
A. assured B. pledged C. undertook D. confided
10. Maria and Jean had a ……………….. romance – they met and married within two months.
A. hurricane B. whirlwind C. cyclone D. typhoon

II. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES

Choose the best word or phrase which best completes the following sentences. Write your answer
in the corresponding numbered boxes.
1. ……………………. are poor observers of their child’s behavior so deviant behavior reaches
unmanageable proportions.
A. Parents that B. When parents C. If parents D. Parents
2. Food is, after all, an important part of Chinese culture and mission controllers say it is important
…………… China’s space pioneers do not go hungry.
A. so that B. make sure
C. that food is provided for D. to ensure that
3. Crushed ice is used to cool drinks, and is often applied to injuries where there is swelling, to remove
excess heat …………… in the tissues.
A. generated B. to generate C. generating D. generates
4. With …………… 5,000 tigers remaining in the world today, time is quickly running out for this
beautiful animal.
A. as fewer than B. so few as C. as few as D. not fewer than
5. ………………. films about writers are so dull is that writers don’t dress up to practice their craft.
A. One of the reasons B. Everybody says
C. It is often claimed D. Because
6. It’s a horrible irony, but a bully has to know his victim well ……………….. effective; it’s almost
impossible to bully strangers.
A. if being B. to be C. in order to D. if they are
7. Desks can often show aspects of character otherwise hidden from general view ………………, if
analyzed in detail, will reveal their owner’s innermost secrets.
A. and which B. but where C. these D. however
8. Motor vehicle collisions are ……………….. of death in infants and children.
 A. primary reason B. frequently resulting
C. often blamed D. a leading cause
9. Smokers who try to …………… cigarettes can double their chances of success by using patches,
gum, lozenges, inhalers or nasal sprays containing nicotine.
A. stop B. quit the C. stop to use D. give up
10. For humans, running a give distance requires 50 to 80 percent more energy than walking
………………. distance does.
A. equivalent B. equal C. the same D. identical

III. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS

Choose the best word or phrase which best completes the following sentences. Write your answer
in the corresponding numbered boxes.
1. He mustered ………………………. enough to go to the horror film.
A. on B. up C. in D. together
2. You have to do …………….. the matter. You have to do what he says.
A. in B. about C. toward D. with
3. The child showed no animosity ……………… her new stepbrother.
A. toward B. with C. about D. on
4. I would appreciate it if you could ……………….. me the next time we see your mother.
A. catch up with B. stick up for C. come up with D. live up to
5. As I had never worked with autistic children, I found it rather difficult to get …………. to them.
A. on B. up C. off D. through
6. She fixed us …………………. a violin teacher. We’re really grateful to her.
A. to B. up with C. along with D. together
7. Your request for greater financial support has to be …………….. the claims from other departments.
A. banked on B. blown up C. balanced against D. brushed up
8. There are a few things that I don’t like about my job, but …………………. it’s very enjoyable.
A. by and large B. here and there
C. black and blue all over D. near and far
9. I must ……………… my Italian before going to that meeting in Rome.
A. bear out B. blow over C. brush up D. break through
10. ………………….. , it seems to be quite a good suggestion.
A. All in all B. All the same C. For all I care D. All but

IV. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS

Choose the best word or phrase which best completes the following sentences. Write your answer
in the corresponding numbered boxes.
1. A …………………….. of dirt and oil lay over the surface of the pond.
A. piece B. film C. charm D. flock
2. You can’t simply ………………. the blame on the government whenever things go wrong.
A. put B. give C. lay D. press
3. The company offered to pay in ………………………., so in this way we would not have to wait until
work is done to get our money.
A. advance B. arrears C. purchase D. full
4. Janet gushed over the sculpture in the antique shop, but Kevin thought that the craftsmanship was
merely run of the mill.
A. He thinks that it is of exceptionally high quality.
B. He thinks that it is marked by creativity or originality.
C. He thinks that it is too expensive for the average person too afford.
D. He thinks that it is low quality, common or ordinary.
 5. After Michael missed three shots in a row and passed the ball to a player on the other team, the boys
were only up by two and they suspected that Michael would be the Achilles' heel of the team.
  A. Michael performs well under pressure.
B. Michael is a valuable contributor to the team.
 C. Michael is a weakness in an otherwise strong entity.
D. Michael inspires others to succeed.
 6. Lyle chose Marco for his partner, thinking that it would be fun to work with his best friend, but now
that the project was due tomorrow and the boys had nothing done, Lyle realized that he should
have hitched his ………………… to a different wagon.
A. dog B. horse C. camel D. bull
7. While Kristie's cake pops are both delicious and artistic, nobody can ………………. a candle to her
pecan pie.
  A. hold B. lit C. blow D. make
8. Don't be such a..............Thomas. It will work. There will be no problems," Mary said to her husband
as she tried to convince him to buy laminate flooring for the back bedroom.
A. doubting B. quirky C. mistrusting D. wavering
9. The school staff needs new …………….. in order to bring in novel ideas.
A. thing B. blood C. employees D. offices
10. Could I pick your …………… on the subject before the meeting?
A. intellect B. mind C. head D. brains

V. READING COMPREHENSION
Reading 1: Read the passage and choose the best option A, B, C or D to answer the following
questions. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
  According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms on the surface of the sun hurl streams
of solar particles into the atmosphere, causing a shift in the weather on earth.
A typical sunspot consists of a dark center umbra surrounded by a lighter penumbra of light and
dark threads extending out from the center like a spoke a wheel. Actually the sunspots are cooler than
the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their color. Typically, the temperature in a sunspot
umbra is about 4000 K. Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures with areas
stretching for billions of square miles. About 5% of the pots are large enough so that they can be seen
without instruments: consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for several thousand
years.
Sunspots have been observed in arrangements of one to more than one hundred spots, but they tend
to occur in pairs. There is also a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite magnetic
field associated with any given sunspots is closely related to the spot’s size.
Although there is no theory that completely explains the nature and function of sunspots, several
models attempt to relate the phenomenon to magnetic fields along the lines of longitude from the north
and south poles of the sun.
1. What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?
A. To argue for the existence of magnetic fields in sunspots
B. To describe the nature of sunspots
C. To propose a theory to explain sunspots
D. To compare the umbra and the penumbra
2. The word controversial is closest in meaning to .
A. open to debate B. very complicated
C. widely accepted D. just in traduce
3. Solar particles are hurled into space by .
A. small rivers on the surface of the sun B. underdetermined causes
C. changes the earth’s atmosphere D. disturbances of wind
4. The word particles refers to .
A. gas explosions in the atmosphere B. small pieces
C. liquid streams on the sun D. light ray from the sun
5. How can we describe matter from the sun that enters the earth’s atmosphere?
A. Very small B. Very bright
C. Very hard D. Very hot
6. The sunspot theory is .
A. relatively new B. widely accepted
C. subject to disagreement D. not considered important
 7. The word they in line 7 refers to .
A. pots B. miles
C. granules D. Structures
8. The word consequently could best be replaced by .
A. Nevertheless B. In this way
C. Without doubt D. As a result
9. In which configuration do sunspots usually occur?
A. In a configuration of two spots
B. In groups of several thousand spots
C. In one spot of varying size
D. In arrangements of one hundred or more spots
10. How are sunspots explained?
A. Sunspots may be related to magnetic fields that follow longitudinal lines on the sun.
B. Sunspots are explained by storms that occur on the earth.
C. Sunspots have no theory or model to explain them.
D. Sunspots appear to be related to magnetic fields on the earth.

Reading 2: Read the passage and choose the best option A, B, C or D to answer the following
questions. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
How a man uses money – makes it, saves it, and spends it – is perhaps one of the best tests of
practical wisdom. Although money ought by no means to be regarded as a chief end of man’s life,
neither is it a trifling matter, to be held in philosophic contempt, representing as it does to so large an
extent, the means of physical comfort and social well-being. Indeed, some of the finest qualities of
human nature are intimately related to the right use of money; such as generosity, honesty, justice, and
self- sacrifice; as well as the practical virtues of economy and providence. On the other hand, there are
their counterparts of avarice, fraud, injustice, and selfishness, as displayed by the inordinate lovers of
gain; and the vices of thriftlessness, extravagance, and improvidence, on the part of those who misuse
and abuse the means entrusted to them. “So that,” as is wisely observed by Henry Taylor in his
thoughtful ‘Notes from Life,’ “a right measure and manner in getting, saving, spending, giving, taking,
lending, borrowing, and bequeathing, would almost argue a perfect man.”
Comfort in worldly circumstances is a condition which every man is justified in striving to attain by
all worthy means. It secures that physical satisfaction, which is necessary for the culture of the better
part of his nature; and enables him to provide for those of his own household. Nor ought the duty to be
any the less indifferent to us, that the respect which our fellow-men entertain for us in no slight degree
depends upon the manner in which we exercise the opportunities which present themselves for our
honourable advancement in life. The very effort required to be made to succeed in life with this object,
is of itself an education; stimulating a man’s sense of self-respect, bringing out his practical qualities,
and disciplining him in the exercise of patience, perseverance, and such like virtues. The provident and
careful man must necessarily be a thoughtful man, for he lives not merely for the present, but with
provident forecast makes arrangements for the future. He must also be a temperate man, and exercise
the virtue of self-denial, than which nothing is so much calculated to give strength to the character. John
Sterling says truly, that “the worst education which teaches self denial, is better than the best which
teaches everything else, and not that.” The Romans rightly employed the same word (virtus) to
designate courage, which is in a physical sense what the other is in a moral; the highest virtue of all
being victory over ourselves.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Wealthy people and poor people can both be virtuous.
B. Money is insignificant.
C. Money is the most important thing in the world.
D. The way a person handles money indicates his or her general character.
2. The author’s purpose in writing this essay is ..................
A. to teach people how to earn a great deal of money.
B. to warn readers about the dangers of greed.
C. to describe the life of a wealthy person.
D. to convince the reader that proper money management is a sign of good character.
3. Which is the best synonym for the word “providence”?
A. prudence B. fate C. sustenance D. doom
4. What would be the author’s response to those who say that poverty is noble?
A. The author would agree with this statement.
B. In order to cultivate other virtues a person must have money.
C. Once a person gets rich, they can start worrying about self-discipline.
D. The Romans believed that poor people are evil.
5. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to Henry Taylor?
A. admiring B. condescending C. skeptical D. disgusted
6. What does the author imply by saying that money provides ‘physical satisfaction, which is necessary
for the cultivation of the better part of his nature’?
A. People are more friendly after they have had a hot bath.
B. In order to improve oneself in more lofty ways, one must attain the basic necessities.
C. The most important thing in life is physical pleasure.
D. Money can only provide physical pleasure.
7. What does the author mean by the comment, ‘The very effort required to be made to succeed in life
with this object, is of itself an education’?
A. In order to earn money a person needs to go to college.
B. Money makes people seem smarter than they are.
C. That learning to manage money effectively entails learning a number of other valuable skills.
D. Only intelligent people can earn money.
8. Why must the ‘provident and careful man’ be a thoughtful man?
A. because he has earned a great deal of money
B. because he is familiar with the works of Henry Taylor
C. because he gives most of his money to charity
D. because he must always be planning for the future
9. The author brings up the Roman word for courage to illustrate ....................
A. his knowledge of the classics
B. that people throughout history have valued money
C. that self-discipline is less important than physical bravery
D. that self-control is similar to physical bravery
10. What is the definition of the word “temperate” as it is used in this essay?
A. moderate B. irritated C. self-denying D. warm
VI. CLOZE-TEST
Cloze-test 1. Read the passage below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
In addition to the challenge to be excellent, American schools have been facing novel problems.
They must (1) ______ with an influx of immigrant children, many of whom speak little or no English.
They must respond to demands (2) ______ the curriculum reflect the various cultures of all children.
Schools must make sure that students develop (3) ______ skills for the job market, and they must
consider the needs of nontraditional students, such as teenage mothers.
Schools are (4)______ these problems in ways that reflect the diversity of the US educational
system. They are hiring or training large numbers of teachers of English (5)______ a second language
and, in some communities, setting up bilingual schools. They are opening (6)______ the traditional
European-centered curriculum to embrace material from African, Asian, and other cultures.
Schools are also teaching cognitive skills to the (7) ______ 40 percent of American students
who do not go on to higher education. In the (8) _______ of a recent report by the Commission on
Achieving Necessary Skills, “A strong back, the willingness to work, and a high school diploma were
once all that was necessary to (9) _______ a start in America. They are no longer. A well-developed
mind, a continued willingness to learn and the ability to put knowledge to work are the new keys (10)
______ the future of our young people, the success of our business, and the economic well-being of the
nation.”
(Extracted from InfoUSA – CD Version)
1. A. fight B. cope C. stay D. do
2. A. that B. whether C. what D. who
3. A. basics B. basic C. basis D. base
4. A. distributing B. delivering C. discharging D. addressing
5. A. as B. from. C. with. D. like
6. A. for B. up C. into D. on
7. A. fairly B. nearly C. mostly D. slightly
8. A. ways B. minds C. words D. directions
9. A. take B. get C. bring D. make
10. A. to B. for C. in D. at

Cloze-test 2. Read the passage below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Technology
When faced with some new and possibly bewildering technological change, most people react in
one of two ……….(1). They either recoil from anything new, claiming that it is unnecessary, or too
complicated or that it somehow makes life less than ……….(2). Or they learn to …………(3) to the
new invention, and eventually………..(4) how they could possibly have existed without it. Take
computers as an example. For many of us, they still represent a ……….(5) to our freedom, and give us
a frightening sense of a future in which all ……….(6) will be taken by machines. This may be because
they seem mysterious, and difficult to understand. Ask most people what you can use a home computer
for, and you usually get ……….(7) answers about how ‘they give you information’. In fact, even those
of us who are familiar with computers, and use them in our daily work, have very little idea of how they
work. But it does not take long to learn how to operate a business programme, even if things
occasionally go wrong for no apparent reason. Presumably much the same happened when the
telephone and the television became ……….(8). What seems to alarm most people is the speed of
technological change, rather than change itself. And the ……….(9) that are made to new technology
may well have a point to them, since change is not always an improvement. As discover during power
cuts, there is a lot to be said for the oil lamp, the coal fire, and forms of entertainment, such as books or
board games, that don’t have to be ………..(10) in to work.
1. A. moments B. kinds C. ways D. types
2. A. formerly B. lively C. personal D. human
3. A. adapt B. react C. conform D. use
4. A. decide B. wonder C. suppose D. admit
5. A. hazard B. risk C. control D. threat
6. A. measures B. decisions C. chances D. instructions
7. A. vague B. such C. up with D. hundreds
8. A. in existence B widespread C. through D. extensive
9. A. objections B appliances C. criticisms D. fears
10. A. wired B batteries C. plugged D. connected

B. WRITTEN TEST:
I. OPEN CLOZE TEST : Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space.
Use only ONE WORD for each space.
CLOZE TEST 1
One of the greatest problems with holidays, (1)______________ from the usual travel
complications and accommodation difficulties, is the expectations people have of (2)______________.
When we go on holiday we expect to leave all the stresses and strains of our daily lives
(3)______________ us. We imagine we will be able to escape to such a degree that we even tend to
believe, consciously or not, that we can change our own personalities and become completely
(4)______________ people. The average business-person, tense, preoccupied, short-tempered,
(5)______________ to relax, envisages herself / himself (6)______________, from the moment of
locking the office door, a radically different (7)______________ of person: carefree, good-humoured,
ready to relax and enjoy whatever adventures present themselves. In practice, we take ourselves with us
wherever we go, and the personality that is shaped (8)______________ years of stress and tension is
almost impossible to shake off (9)______________ a moment’s notice. It is no wonder so many
holidays are a disappointment, no matter how smoothly they go or how lovely the weather is. In fact,
the frequent problems that crop (10)______________ during the average holiday are probably a
welcome distraction from the nagging feeling that we are not enjoying ourselves as much as we should.

CLOZE TEST 2
Much has been heard recently about possible health hazards, including memory loss and brain
tumours, from the use of mobile phones. With the possible half a billion mobile phones in
(1)______________ throughout the world, in Britain alone, one person in four owns one,
(2)______________ is worrying enough, even if, so far, no concrete evidence has come to
(3)______________. One study by Dr. Alan Preece and his team at Bristol University has shown,
however, in a report in the International Journal of Radiation Biology, that tests on volunteers
demonstrated no effect on their short-term memory or attention (4)______________. Subjects were
exposed to microwave radiation for (5)______________ to thirty minutes, but the one noticeable effect
was positive rather than negative; the subjects reacted more rapidly in one test (6)______________ a
visual choice. One explanation of this is that following the transmissions, a warming of the blood led to
increased blood flow. For the experiment, places were chosen where the signal was good and the
microwave dose light, and then where the signal was poor and the dose (7)______________ higher.
The subjects were tested for recall and mental alertness (8)______________ exposure to microwaves
characteristic of analogue phones, digital phones or no phones at all, without knowing
(9)______________ they were exposed to. It is, of course, early days yet and the sample may not be
large enough to generalise (10)______________. More research needs to be done.

II. WORD FORM

PART 1: Complete each sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses.
1. She worked .................................. to help homeless people. (STINT)
2. Apart from some .................................... efforts, the government have not yet made a serious
attempt to effectively address the Scottish fisheries issue. (HEART)
3. As Tet holiday is coming, we’ve got an ........................................ weekend ahead of us.
(ACTION)
4. The effects of alcohol misuse spill over from private life into the workplace, causing
inefficiency and accidents as well as ........................................ (ABSENT)
5. There was far too much light and all my photos were ......................................... (EXPOSURE)
6. The organization works in many war-torn and ..................................countries. (POOR)
7. As an environmentally aware consumer, it is important for you to know in what way you can
help to make sure that less ...................................... material is left on the planet. (DEGRADE)
8. ............................................ has left a lot of workers with the risk of losing their jobs, as they
were recruited on a temporary basis. (CASUAL)
9. The waitress came round with a tray of .................................... cream cakes. (MOUTH)
10. He was the perfect son and brother and the pride in him from the family
is ..................................... immense. (JUSTICE)

PART 2: Complete the passage with appropriate forms from the words given in the box.

IMMUNE – FORM – INVADE – INTRODUCE – POPULATE –

SUCCESS – ASSIST – PLACE – EFFECT - CAUTION

UNWANTED VISITORS
Loss of habitat poses the single greatest threat, endangering indigenous species. The second largest
threat to native flora and fauna would have to be the (1) .............................. of alien species into
an environment other than their own. Alien species are able to cause such cataclysmic damage because
they are usually more (2) ............................ in competing for food. They introduce diseases to which
the local inhabitants do not possess (3) ................................ . Interbreeding has caused the
destruction of entire species because the first hybrid generation will eventually
(4) ............................. the parent stock. Hybrid individuals tend to possess greater vigour and will
therefore compete more (5) ............................. with the remaining pure stock. Their offspring may
also be infertile, resulting in the (6) ........................... of an entire species because of a reduction in
the number of breeding animals. The (7) ......................... of guidelines has been called on to exclude
non-native wildlife, contain it where it has a foothold, and eliminate it if possible. The principles
call for border controls, (8) .................................. in international trade and technical and financial
(9) .................................. to help poor countries detect and combat (10) ............................... .