Continious Random Variables-Merged

6
4
f x
x
0 5 10
The time, X minutes, taken by a large number of runners to complete a certain race has probability
density function f given by
t
k
5 ≤ x ≤ 10,
f x = x2
0 otherwise,
where k is a constant, as shown in the diagram.
(i) Without calculation, explain how you can tell that there were more runners whose times were
below 7.5 minutes than above 7.5 minutes. [1]
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(ii) Show that k = 10. [3]
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(iii) Find E X . [3]
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(iv) Find Var X . [2]
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© UCLES 2017 9709/71/M/J/17 [Turn over

6
5
f x
x
0 a
The diagram shows the graph of the probability density function, f, of a random variable X which
takes values between 0 and a only. It is given that P X < 1 = 0.25.
(i) Find, in any order,

(a) P X < 2,
(b) the value of a,
(c) f x.
[5]
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(ii) Find the median of X . [3]
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8
6
f x
x
0 1
The diagram shows the graph of the probability density function, f, of a continuous random variable
X , where f is defined by
D
k x − x2 0 ≤ x ≤ 1,
f x =
0 otherwise.
(i) Show that the value of the constant k is 6. [3]
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(ii) State the value of E X and find Var X . [4]
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(iii) Find P 0.4 < X < 2. [3]
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5
5 A continuous random variable, X , has probability density function given by

T1
x + 1 0 ≤ x ≤ 2,
f x = 4
0 otherwise.
(i) Find E X . [3]
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© UCLES 2017 9709/73/O/N/17 [Turn over

5
5 A continuous random variable, X , has probability density function given by

T1
x + 1 0 ≤ x ≤ 2,
f x = 4
0 otherwise.
(i) Find E X . [3]
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6
4 The random variable X has probability density function given by

t
k
0 < x ≤ a,
f x = x
0 otherwise,
where k and a are constants. It is given that E X = 3.
(i) Find the value of a and show that k = 16 . [7]
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8
6 The time, in minutes, taken by people to complete a test is modelled by the continuous random variable
X with probability density function given by
t
k
5 ≤ x ≤ 10,
f x = x2
0 otherwise,
where k is a constant.
(i) Show that k = 10. [3]
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(ii) Show that E X = 10 ln 2. [2]
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(iii) Find P X > 9. [3]
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(iv) Given that P X < a = 0.6, find a. [3]
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6
5
f x
x
O a
The diagram shows the probability density function, f, of a random variable X , in terms of the constants
a and b.
(i) Find b in terms of a. [2]
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2 2
(ii) Show that f x = − 2 x. [3]
a a
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© UCLES 2018 9709/72/M/J/18

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(iii) Given that E X = 0.5, find a. [4]
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10
7 A random variable X has probability density function defined by

t @ A
1 1
k 2+ 3 1 ≤ x ≤ 2,
f x = x x
0 otherwise,
(i) Show that k = 87 . [3]
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(ii) Find E X . [3]
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(iii) Three values of X are chosen at random. Find the probability that one of these values is less
than 1.5 and the other two are greater than 1.5. [5]
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8
6 The random variable X has probability density function given by

T −1
kx 2 ≤ x ≤ 6,
f x =
0 otherwise,
1
(i) Show that k = . [2]
ln 3
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(ii) Show that E X = 3.64, correct to 3 significant figures. [3]
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(iii) Given that the median of X is m, find P m < X < E X . [4]
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4
4 The time, X hours, taken by a large number of runners to complete a race is modelled by the probability
density function given by
t
k
0 ≤ x ≤ a,
f x = x + 12
0 otherwise,
where k and a are constants.
a+1
(i) Show that k = . [3]
a
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(ii) State what the constant a represents in this context. [1]
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© UCLES 2018 9709/72/O/N/18

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Three quarters of the runners take half an hour or less to complete the race.
(iii) Find the value of a. [3]
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6
4 (a)
f x
x
0 a
The diagram shows the graph of the probability density function, f, of a random variable X , where
a is a constant greater than 0.5. The graph between x = 0 and x = a is a straight line parallel to
the x-axis.
(i) Find P X < 0.5 in terms of a. [2]
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(ii) Find E X in terms of a. [1]
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1 a2 .
(iii) Show that Var X = 12 [2]
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© UCLES 2019 9709/71/M/J/19

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(b) A random variable T has probability density function given by

t
3
2 ≤ t ≤ 4,
g t = 2 t − 12
0 otherwise.
Find the value of b such that P T ≤ b = 34 . [4]
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10
6 X is a random variable with probability density function given by

d a
1 ≤ x ≤ b,
f x = x2
0 otherwise,
where a and b are constants.
a
(i) Show that b = . [3]
a−1
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(ii) Given that the median of X is 23 , find the values of a and b. [3]
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© UCLES 2019 9709/72/M/J/19

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(iii) Use your values of a and b from part (ii) to find E X . [3]
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8
6 A function f is defined by
t
3x2
0 ≤ x ≤ a,
f x = a3
0 otherwise,
where a is a constant.
(i) Show that f is a probability density function for all positive values of a. [3]
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The random variable X has probability density function f and the median of X is 2.
(ii) Show that a = 2.52, correct to 3 significant figures. [3]
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© UCLES 2019 9709/73/M/J/19

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(iii) Find E X . [3]
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8
4 A random variable X has probability density function given by

T1
x 0 ≤ x ≤ a,
f x = 2
0 otherwise,
where a is a constant.
(i) Find a. [2]
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(ii) Show that E X = 43 . [3]
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© UCLES 2019 9709/72/O/N/19

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The median of X is denoted by m.

(iii) Find P E X < X < m . [4]
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10

D
k 3x − x2 0 ≤ x ≤ 3,
f x =
0 otherwise.
(i) Show that k = 29 . [3]
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(ii) Find P 1 ≤ X ≤ 2. [2]
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(iii) Find Var X . [5]
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10
6 The length of time, T minutes, that a passenger has to wait for a bus at a certain bus stop is modelled
by the probability density function given by
T 3
20t − t2 0 ≤ t ≤ 20,
f t = 4000
0 otherwise.
(a) Sketch the graph of y = f t. [1]
(b) Hence explain, without calculation, why E T = 10. [1]
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(c) Find Var T . [3]
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(d) It is given that P T < 10 + a = p, where 0 < a < 10.
Find P 10 − a < T < 10 + a in terms of p. [2]
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(e) Find P 8 < T < 12. [3]
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(f) Give one reason why this model may be unrealistic. [1]
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© UCLES 2020 9709/61/M/J/20

10

t
k
1 ≤ x ≤ a,
f x = x2
0 otherwise,
where k and a are positive constants.
a
(a) Show that k = . [3]
a−1
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(b) Find E X in terms of a. [3]
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(c) Find the 60th percentile of X in terms of a. [4]
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6 The length, X centimetres, of worms of a certain type is modelled by the probability density function
T 6
10 − x x − 5 5 ≤ x ≤ 10,
f x = 125
0 otherwise.
(a) State the value of E X . [1]
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(b) Find Var X . [3]
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(c) Two worms of this type are chosen at random.
Find the probability that exactly one of them has length less than 6 cm. [5]
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4
f x
x
0 a
The diagram shows the probability density function, f x, of a random variable X . For 0 ≤ x ≤ a,
f x = k; elsewhere f x = 0.
(a) Express k in terms of a. [1]
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(b) Given that Var X = 3, find a. [4]
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4
3
f x
x
−1 0 1 2 3 4
A random variable X takes values between 0 and 3 only and has probability density function as shown
in the diagram, where c is a constant.
(a) Show that c = 23 . [1]
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(b) Find P X > 2. [2]
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(c) Calculate E X . [4]
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Continious Random Variables-Merged

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6

(ii) Show that k = 10. [3]

© UCLES 2017 9709/71/M/J/17

(iii) Find E X . [3]

(iv) Find Var X . [2]

© UCLES 2017 9709/71/M/J/17 [Turn over

(i) Find, in any order,

© UCLES 2017 9709/72/M/J/17

(ii) Find the median of X . [3]

© UCLES 2017 9709/72/M/J/17 [Turn over

(i) Show that the value of the constant k is 6. [3]

(ii) State the value of E X and find Var X . [4]

© UCLES 2017 9709/73/M/J/17

(iii) Find P 0.4 < X < 2. [3]

© UCLES 2017 9709/73/M/J/17 [Turn over

5 A continuous random variable, X , has probability density function given by

(i) Find E X . [3]

(ii) Find the median of X . [3]

© UCLES 2017 9709/73/O/N/17 [Turn over

5 A continuous random variable, X , has probability density function given by

(i) Find E X . [3]

(ii) Find the median of X . [3]

© UCLES 2017 9709/71/O/N/17 [Turn over

4 The random variable X has probability density function given by

(i) Find the value of a and show that k = 16 . [7]

© UCLES 2017 9709/72/O/N/17

(ii) Find the median of X . [3]

© UCLES 2017 9709/72/O/N/17 [Turn over

(i) Show that k = 10. [3]

(ii) Show that E X = 10 ln 2. [2]

© UCLES 2018 9709/71/M/J/18

(iii) Find P X > 9. [3]

(iv) Given that P X < a = 0.6, find a. [3]

© UCLES 2018 9709/71/M/J/18 [Turn over

(i) Find b in terms of a. [2]

© UCLES 2018 9709/72/M/J/18

(iii) Given that E X = 0.5, find a. [4]

© UCLES 2018 9709/72/M/J/18 [Turn over

7 A random variable X has probability density function defined by

(i) Show that k = 87 . [3]

(ii) Find E X . [3]

© UCLES 2018 9709/73/M/J/18

© UCLES 2018 9709/73/M/J/18 [Turn over

6 The random variable X has probability density function given by

(ii) Show that E X = 3.64, correct to 3 significant figures. [3]

© UCLES 2018 9709/71/O/N/18

© UCLES 2018 9709/71/O/N/18 [Turn over

(ii) State what the constant a represents in this context. [1]

© UCLES 2018 9709/72/O/N/18

(iii) Find the value of a. [3]

© UCLES 2018 9709/72/O/N/18 [Turn over

(ii) Find E X in terms of a. [1]

© UCLES 2019 9709/71/M/J/19

(b) A random variable T has probability density function given by

© UCLES 2019 9709/71/M/J/19 [Turn over

6 X is a random variable with probability density function given by

© UCLES 2019 9709/72/M/J/19

© UCLES 2019 9709/72/M/J/19 [Turn over

(ii) Show that a = 2.52, correct to 3 significant figures. [3]

© UCLES 2019 9709/73/M/J/19

(iii) Find E X . [3]

© UCLES 2019 9709/73/M/J/19 [Turn over

4 A random variable X has probability density function given by