CIA – 1

BUSINESS ANALYTICS CANVAS ON WATER

MANAGEMENT IN BENGALURU

SAURAV VINOD - 2027714

RAJATH - 2027715

THANISH SUJAUDEEN - 2027716

JOSE SEBASTIAN - 2027717

JYOTHISH J B - 2027718

YASHASVI - 2027762

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

DR. MANOHAR KAPSE

MBA PROGRAMME

SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT

CHRIST UNIVERSITY, BANGALORE

2020
INTRODUCTION

Indian cities have intermittent water supply and there is a huge gap between supply and
demand of water. Bangalore has gone from being the city of lakes to the city of concrete.
Along these lines, all the water has vanished. While openings for work have taken off in the
rambling city, millions have no funnelled water and rather depend on a multitude of secretly
run big haulers that suck water from wells inside and outside the city and convey it to homes.
The quickened urbanization because of industrialization and its connected population blast,
has put serious strain on the essential framework; specifically the demand for water has
surpassed the supply, coming about in groundwater over-extraction. This has cleared the
route for a water market, which has a wide and composed organization.

The Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board (BWSSB) is the primary office that
oversees drinking water - however it can give it to just about 60% of the city.
Perhaps the greatest trouble, stated, is that a significant part of the water originates from the
Cauvery River in excess of 100 km (60 miles) away. To get to Bangalore, the water must be
siphoned tough, at an expense of $6 million per month in power. At that point, while in
transit to homes, over 20% is lost to spills from old and consumed lines and capacity units.
The city of Bangalore does not possess any perennial surface water sources nearby except for
the tanks/ponds. These tanks/lakes which spot the city and its conurbation zone have a double
part as revive hotspots for groundwater and furthermore in influencing the micro
environment. a significant number of the tanks/lakes have silted up or been changed over into
private/industrial/business edifices or utilized as trash unloading grounds contaminating the
climate. The issue looked by Bangalore is lack of water storerooms. The city floods quickly
in light of the fact that lone 4% to 9% of its precipitation saturates common springs that hold
water underground. Bangalore worked around a progression of lakes that went about as
rainwater stores and energized the springs, giving an inexhaustible wellspring of water.

In any case, the lakes have been enduring an onslaught by urbanization, infringed by land
activities and left frothing and foaming as harmful effluents, sewage and waste delivered by
enterprises and homes fill them. Today, smart water technology brings transparency and
improved control to the whole water supply chain. convergence of several un-related
technologies has led to potential for creation of new solutions for traditional problems. The
Smart water systems based on the combination of Internet of Things, big data and AI
technologies can help from occurring and fix the harm the imprudent utilization of water
assets has just caused.

PROBLEMS

Bangalore city is one of India’s fastest-growing cities and has a population of around 9
million, and the city is facing severe water problems. The supply of water is not able to meet
the demand. Up to 20% of the water supply to the city was from the Arkavathi River, from 2
reservoirs built on the river. However, as time went by, these reservoirs have gone dry due to
changes in the pattern of land use in the city, overexploitation of the groundwater, and low
maintenance of its watershed. After this, with the introduction of the Cauvery Water Supply
Scheme (CWSS), the Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board (BWSSB) has taken up
the project wherein treated water is pumped to the Bangalore city. However, with the
increase in population and higher living standards, the supply is insufficient to meet the
demand. In the future, it will be challenging to meet the ever-increasing water demand.

Another problem and the deficit in demand and supply, Unaccounted for Water
(UFW) is about 35-40% of the total water supplied where the losses are reflected due to
leakages, wastage, and errors in meter readings, and unauthorized consumption. Due to the
supply issues, the people living in Bangalore are forced to rely either on groundwater pumped
up to their overhead tanks or purchase water commercially, supplied through water tankers.
In such a situation, one problem that residents face is knowing exactly how much water they
have in their storage tanks, based on which they can start or stop motors or place orders for
water tankers. The biggest challenge in water management is to monitor water levels,
leakages, water quality, and the flow of water through different channels.
 BUSINESS ANALYTICS CANVAS

SETTING PROBLEMS DATA SOURCES DATA COLLECTION

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SOLUTION IDEAS UTILITY FEEDBACK COMMON GOOD

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DATA SOURCES

Data Acquisition
Data from the water meter, which has been installed at multiple points, acquire data through
the wireless means by using sensors and these are stored in the management database. Data
packets are named to indicate a unique indication of the location and tap number which help
to track efficiently.

Data Storage
Data which are acquired from various sources are sent to the water authority database. These
databases that store the data can be retrieved and used for further analytical inferences based
on predicting the pattern.
Presentation Layer
This layer is the top layer that provides visualization of the data present in the database.
The data that has been collected and stored can be viewed for further analysis through the
presentation layer providing secure and safe access with mobile access to the users.

Business Layer
This layer is used to perform certain operations like reporting the data and monitoring the
water leakage level and data aggregation. It also provides the Key Performance Indicators
that determine the amount of water being supplied to the entire city and the water level that
has been lost on its way.

Alert Alarm
Threshold level for the water flow is set in such a way that the amount of water being drained
out can be measured by the water meter. When there is a heavy leakage or unexpected
damage to the pipes due to improper maintenance can be notified to the Water Authority
Board and corrective actions can be taken by the valve man to shut down the supply in case
of any leakage. By this way the leakage can be controlled reducing the chances of water
leakage.

Analytics Layer
Analytics with the use of big data can be used to monitor and forecast the leakage providing
insights to predict and avoid future wastage. In Bangalore City, analytics has been produced
24 hours on all 7 days for each flow meter. Analysing the data with the statistical forecast
technique helps track the water in the division level and sub-division level. Another main
application of analytics is to determine the NRW, which is also one reason for the water
crisis. This would further help the water engineers to take precautionary steps to avoid water
leakage.

DATA COLLECTION

The data that are procured from the data sources regarding the facts can be the variables for
each data source, such as information regarding pressure gauges, level sensors, flow meters,
etc. These collected data can be stored in data warehouses or in any particular server, which
will help in future data analytics.
The primary data collected can be on a real-time basis, which can help improve the solution
ideas by keeping on updating the process. This process can be automated so that data packets
contain device-associated data (such as flow rate) and a specific time stamp to make it
compatible with open platform communication for both users and participants.

SOLUTION

IoT can benefit the water industry

Water Conservation:
For any reservoir and tanks, each sensor and equipment would be specially designed to
display the water level. With these sensors, the server would get information about the water
level measure and volume daily.

Smart water management

In urban areas, it would be difficult to conserve water, wherein consumption is exceptionally
challenging. This can be solved using IoT, which can help keep records of people using water
on a particular day. By analyzing water consumption and weather condition to ascertain the
water flow.

Wastewater management
The temperature increases, water leakage, chemical leakage, and the water system’s pressure
level can be detected by sensors mounted at different water system locations. The
information would then be processed by these sensors and forwarded to the central server.
This would make sure that the service engineers efficiently fix the problems.

Water Quality Testing and Analysis

With data captured by IoT for measuring and analyzing real-time data, details including Total
Dissolved Solids ( TDS), Bacteria, Chlorine, Electrical Conductivity, etc. can be obtained by
the end consumer. It will help obtain the effects of real-time, precise quantification, and have
the opportunity to locate problem areas. The features of a blockchain-enabled IoT system in
Bengaluru for the control of water supply and waste disposal are:
Security
Blockchain has a high demand in the current technological world. With features including
data encryption and authentication, the Blockchain-enabled IoT device offers the highest
security. This will secure monetary transactions like payment of bills and customer details
such as address and occupation.

Increase in Efficiency
In order to make successful decisions rapidly, water supply firms and the municipality of
Bangalore should use real-time data. Regulation of real-time, operation optimization and
elimination of service time helps output be improved to a greater degree. This can be enabled
through Blockchain-enabled IoT.

Management
IOT recognition, based on Blockchain, has the opportunity to broaden and incorporate new
business models into the scheme. Blockchain aims to enhance staff coordination and
administration. This can create many opportunity in Bengaluru water management and
increase in capacity if human resource

UTILITY

Apart from the above proposed ideas we need to have a collective approach from the
government as well as from the people of the city . Saving water could be achieved by
bringing a behavioural change in the lifestyle of people which is in progress and needs
support from the government side to adopt the new systems by the people .With the
instalment of automated devices in the water tank to monitor water level ,the entire system
will achieve more efficiency . This will prevent the water lost from overflowing tanks.
This saved water will be a major contributor to water supply in the city . The multisided
project also needs to give emphasis on efficient use of water ,by replacing leaking taps in
phases , like initially the public premises and offices and then to the IT parks and then to the
households . The government could utilise the CSR funding mechanism to achieve the target,
which will also have huge viability to get additional sponsors and funding’s as it has
immense potential in achieving the sustainable development goal (SDG) number six .
Similarly induction of blockchain will let the board know where exactly a broken pipe
or leakage is and will create a transparent water supply and demand statistics by consumers .
The city is dynamic and the land is undergoing significant development and with this
pressure a break in the supply pipe is possible ,with blockchain the board can find exactly the
point and fix the particular point . This will save the board's resources and time and look for
other matters of grievances. With the new technology in place the board has many
applications , this will help them forecast what time of day , what day of year a particular
area or region has more demand for water . Similarly, the board could regulate the supply to
regions where the beneficiaries have lesser demand for water . Forecasting of future demand
will let the system decide how ,much additional supply of water will be needed to feed the
population . As we know that the river linkage projects are under process and the new
system will help the government in policy making by letting them know the places to divert
water from water rich areas to areas where more shortages are faced. The board shall make
sure that the necessary infrastructure is ready before the onset of the project , unlike the other
physical infrastructure when it is an IOT system , much precision has to be made to ensure
the security of the data’s and the control of the system .

STAKEHOLDERS

As we have discussed earlier around 35-40% of the total water supplied was lost due to
leakages in supply pipes , wastage, and errors in meter readings, and unauthorized
consumption. With the new technology in place the target is to save 35-40% of the water and
with its success this could be channelised to areas where more water shortages are faced .
Blockchain will let the board have complete transparency in the water supply . The Board
will have a proper account for the usage of water , this will ensure them to collect the user
charges . As the new system in place any unauthorized usage will alert the board , be it an
individual or a company , the board could help the government to find the culprits to the
limelight in a shorter time .

Automated systems in water tanks will help the households to save water which adds to their
additional utility with the saved water. This will improve their access to water .
Households will get more water than they used to get and they no longer undergo water
stress.
Sometimes , maintenance seems to be the biggest expense , with the new system in place
board no longer required to waste time and resources in finding leaks or breaks on supply
pipes . With which the saved resources could be used for undertaking new projects .
In the long vision the board could undertake similar projects in other cities as well as fields
like agriculture . This will help the whole country in getting rid of water-stress.

COMMON GOOD

Security and Privacy was a major concern with these IT enabled systems that often hindered
its large-scale deployment. These devices often suffer with security vulnerabilities that make
them an easy target for hackers. As the number of devices connected through an IoT network
grows, it becomes very hard for the current deployed systems to manage and analyse all the
critical data. This is where the blockchain enabled IOT systems makes the difference.

The distributed ledger in a blockchain system cannot be manipulated and this removes the
need for trust among the involved parties. The water consumption levels of each resident are
properly recorded. Using blockchain to store IoT data would add another layer of security
that hackers would need to bypass in order to get access to the network. It makes sure that
data recorded are always present in the system and cannot be erased without authorization.
There is a higher level of encryption.

Blockchain enabled systems have transparency, it allows the authorized personnel to access
any past records. This provides a very reliable way to identify a specific origin of any data
leakages and take quick remedial action. It is common that some people may try to exploit
the water flow by taking more than desired quantity. This will help the water authorities or
the desired personnel to access the complete records.

CONCLUSION

Water being a limited and scarce resource needs to be properly managed for sustainability.
The major challenge in the water management system is to monitor water levels, leakages,
water quality and the flow of water through different channels. In all these places, IoT comes
to our rescue. Sensors installed at various areas in the water system will help to identify the
water pressure and temperature and can also detect any abnormalities and will be sent to the
main server. Data which are stored in databases can be used to understand the demand and
help to predict future demand using analytics and any abnormal changes can alert the
authorities . This will help the service engineers to resolve any issues quickly. Another
advantage of IoT in water management systems is that it can detect and measure the amount
of chemical residues found in water. Blockchain enabled IOT can be used to track and
control the data obtained and to analyse water in real time. Measurements are issued to end
users with the aid of water testing meters and sensor systems. The end user may receive
details such as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Bacteria, Chlorine, Electrical conductivity, etc.
It will assist in the real-time, precise quantification of findings and will also provide ability to
recognize the areas of concern. These systems are also highly secured and also offer user
confidentiality. This helps to resolve the major water management issues faced by the
Bangalore residents.

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