MANAGEMENT INFORMATION AND EVALUATION SYSTEM

 Definition:
 “Management information system: An array of components designed to
transform a collective set of data into knowledge that is directly useful and
applicable in the process of directing and controlling resources and their
application to the achievement of specific management objectives.”

[Hanson 1982]

 Evaluation System:
 “A periodic evaluation of system to assess its status in term of original and
current expectation and to chart its future direction.”

 Health Information System:

 “Health information is any quantifiable and non- quantifiable information that
can be used by health decision-makers and clinicians to better understand
disease processes and health care issues, and to prevent, diagnose or treat health
problems.”

[WHO]

 OBJECTIVES OF MIS:
 To enhance communication among employs.
 To provide a system for recording and aggregating information.
 Reduce expenses related to labor-intensive manual activities.
 To support the organization’s strategic goals
 IMPORTANCE OF MIS:
 Planning systematically and coordinating activities.
 Establishing databases on budgets, personnel, facilities and equipment.
 Providing guidance in choosing entry points for program interventions and
establishing active partnerships with other organizations
 Providing information on the status of the population served, such as its health
status (i.e. defines surveillance levels).
 Guiding prioritizing by identifying major problems.
 Providing indicators for monitoring and evaluation of performance.
 Assessing the impact or effectiveness of services.
 Guiding the forecasting of Commodity or service needs.

 Implementation Method Of MIS:

1. Parallel Approach
2. Direct Approach
3. Modular Approach

1. Direct Approach:
 Direct installation of the new system with immediate discontinuance of the old
existing system is referred as “cold turnkey” approach. This approach becomes
useful when these factors are considered.
 The new system does no replace the existing system.
 Old system is regarded absolutely of no value
 New system is compact and simple.
 The design of the new system is inexpensive with more advantages and less risk
involved.
2. Parallel Approach:
 The selected new system is installed and operated with current system.
 This method is expensive because of duplicating facilities and personal to
maintain both the systems.
 In this approach a target date must be fixed when the operations of old system
cease and new one will operate on its own.

3. Modular Approach:
 This is generally recognized as “Pilot approach”, means the implementation of a
system in the Organization on a piece-meal basis.

 Advantages Of MIS:
 The risk of systems failure is localized
 The major problem can be easily identified and corrected before further
implementation.
 It supports and enhances the overall decision making process.
 MIS enhances job performance throughout an institution
 It provides the means through which the institutions activities are monitored and
information is distributed to management, employees and customers.
 It measures performance, manage resources
 It can also be used by management to provide feedback on the effectiveness of
risk controls.

 Limitations:
 Technology also increases the potential for inaccurate reporting and flawed
decision making. Because data can be extracted from many financial and
transaction systems, appropriate control procedures must be set up to ensure
that information is correct and relevant.
  NURSING MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM(NMIS)

 Nursing information systems (NIS) are computer systems that manage clinical data
from a variety of healthcare environments, and made available in a timely and
orderly fashion to aid nurses in improving patient care.

 Applications Of NMIS:

1. Fiscal Resource Management

2. Workload Measurement And Staffing Requirements
3. Staff Scheduling
4. Personnel Management

1. Fiscal Resource Management:

 The information generated can be used to monitor past performance or to
predict future performance.
 Accumulated data can be analyzed for the development of trends that can be
used to project future expenditures. Necessary reallocations and budgetary
adjustments can then be made on the basis of these projections.

2. Workload Measurement And Staffing Requirements:

 It helps to store, manipulate and retrieve large volumes of data. The
information generated assists nursing managers in planning, monitoring and
evaluating use of nursing resources on a daily basis and in the longer time
frame.
 It is used to generate staff schedules with conjunction with personnel
management.
3. Staff Scheduling:
 Nursing managers are able to plan schedules in advance with considerable time
savings. Staffs are informed well ahead of time.
 Staffing records, if maintained properly, provide useful information for
monitoring absenteeism, scheduled time off, and turn over.

4. Personnel Management:
 An employee with a special mix of skills can be located. Records are readily
accessible needed for accreditation purposes or to monitor contract
compliance.
 The information may be retrieved on a daily basis for use in conjunction
with workload measurement and contract requirements to plan staffing
assignments.

 Advantages Of NMIS:

 IN NURSING ADMINISTRATION: Evaluate quality assurance programs Defend

resource allocation to nursing Demonstrate the contribution nursing, makes to
the care of the patient. Identify outcomes of nursing care.

 IN NURSING PRACTICE: Enhance documentation by nurses Provide data to

enable research directed at examining the inter relationships between data
elements and nursing outcomes. Facilitate development of the nursing process.

 NURSING RESEARCH: To assess variables on multi levels including

institutional, local, regional, and national. Identify trends Integrate to build
information and to further synthesize to develop nursing knowledge.
 NURSING EDUCATION: To develop body of knowledge with focus on nursing
process. To enable staff educational needs based on follow up care and
outcomes. To enhance student nurses accurate documentation.

 EVALUATION SYSTEM

 Every organization needs to evaluate its performance and the impact of its
efforts. In many instances, organizations have multiple programs and will
need to evaluate each one from two perspectives:

1. how
2. whether it has achieved its specific objectives.

 Organizations should develop and implement a comprehensive evaluation

plan that outlines the time-frames and resources needed for mid-term and
final evaluations of each major program.
 Major Kind Of Evaluation:

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A. Process Evaluation:
 Continuous monitoring and supervision are part of process evaluation,
which examines how well program activities are being implemented.
Specifically, process evaluations focus on the development and
strengthening of existing systems, protocols, and guidelines necessary to
support, standardize, and institutionalize service activities.
 These activities support planning, implementation, and supervision to
assess progress against project goals and objectives.
  Process evaluation should also review what is working and what is not in
order to enable staff and managers to develop corrective actions; determine
whether resources, equipment, supplies and staff skills are adequate and
used efficiently and effectively; identify barriers to program.

B. Output evaluation:
 The output evaluation assesses achievements on-site by viewing defined,
quantifiable indicators of program performance such as access, quality and
acceptability, number of persons trained and use of services by the target
populations. Output indicators are usually quantitative.

C. Effects evaluation:
 Effects measurement focuses on changes observed within the target
population in the catchment area, for example: observed changes in
reproductive health attitudes, changes in staff and skills, and changes in
provider attitudes toward providing and managing services.

D. Short-term impact evaluation:

 The findings from the original baseline survey should be used to derive the
indicators for the short-term impact evaluation.
 This evaluation is conducted at a specified, predetermined time following
the introduction of a new program. Relevant data from reports, service
statistics, and training information systems contribute to the analysis of
short-term impact.
 SUMMARY
 An MIES helps a manager to collect and use information to make management
decisions in a timely manner. Managers also use MIS data to analyze, plan, make
decisions, take actions and evaluate. An effective MIES provides accurate, complete,
and timely information. MIES formats should include feedback mechanisms so that
decisions made at all levels within the organization.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. BT Basavanthappa, “nursing management in service and education”, published by

Manivannan C, Manivannan T Latha, Baskaran J, page no : 224
2. I. clemet, “management of nursing services and education”, second edition, publish
by Elsevier, page no: 107
3. Mary magee gullati, “nursing management principle and practice”, 2005, page no:
103
4. Vati Jogindra, “principles and practice of nursing administration”, 2013, Published
by jaypee brothers, page no: 254
5. www.wikipedia.com
6. www.slideshare.com