CHT-203 Momentum Transfer Operations (MTO)

Problem Sheet: 5 Course Coordinator: Dr. Manish Vashishtha

Problems on Flow in Pipes

Q1. A horizontal pipe of 60 mm diameter is used to convey oil of specific weight 9200 N/m 3.
The pressure difference between 2 sections 8 m apart is found to be 20000 N/m 2. The oil
flowing in the pipe is collected in a weighing tank. It is found that 7020 N of oil is collected
in 4 minutes. Find µ?

Q2. Oil of specific gravity 0.9 flows at11.30 litre/sec through a 75 mm diameter horizontal
pipe. If pressure difference per 300 m length is 415 Kpa. Find µ verify if flow is laminar.

Q3. Oil with viscosity 200 centipoise and specific gravity 0.85 is flowing through a circular
pipe with Reynolds number 1600. Diameter of pipe is 0.25 m and length is 1 m. Determine:
1) Maximum velocity through pipe.
2) Average velocity.
3) Volumetric flow rate.
4) Plot velocity profile.

Q4. Lube oil at 26.5 0C is flowing through a horizontal tube of 1 m length and 40 X 10 -3 m
inside diameter. For a pressure drop of 2 kg/m2 the Reynold’s number is 1950.

Calculate: 1) Maximum velocity.

2) Average velocity.
3) Volumetric flow rate.

Also, plot velocity distribution and momentum distribution curves (density of oil= 1216
kg/m, viscosity= 200 centipoise.)

Q5. A fluid is flowing through a circular pipe of diameter 6 cm and length of 400 m. The
volumetric flow rate of fluid is 0.004 m3/s. The viscosity of fluid is 0.1 N-s/m2 and density of
fluid is 900 kg/m3. Determine: 1) Head lost due to friction across the pipe
2) Mass flow rate of fluid.
3) Shear stress at the pipe wall.
4) Shear stress at a distance of 0.015 m measured from the pipe wall.

Q6. A fluid is flowing in a pipe of diameter 5 cm. The volumetric flow rate of fluid is
0.003m3/s and length of pipe is 400 m. Determine: 1) Average velocity of fluid. 2) Maximum
velocity of fluid. 3) The velocity of fluid at a distance of 1.5 cm from pipe wall 4) Shear
stress at the pipe wall. Viscosity of fluid= 0.1 N-s/m2, Density of fluid= 960 kg/m3

Q7. A fluid of viscosity 0.1 N-s/m 2 and density 1500 kg/m3 is flowing through a circular pipe
of diameter 15 cm. The shear force at the wall of pipe is 510 N and length of pipe is a 5 m.
Determine the loss of pressure across the pipe and average velocity of fluid.
 CHT-203 Momentum Transfer Operations (MTO)

Problem Sheet: 6 Course Coordinator: Dr. Manish Vashishtha

Problems on Fluid Friction

Q1. Calculate pressure drop through a 100ft of smooth tube for oil flowing at a mean
velocity of 8ft/sec. Diameter is 3inch, viscosity is 5cP and density is 60 lbm/ft3

Q2. Calculate the velocity of an oil flowing through a 3 inch tube, the pressure drop
through the tube is 548 lbf /ft2 per 100ft of tube. Density is 60 lbm/ft3 .

Q3 Calculate equivalent diameter for a rectangular duct of 3ft height and 5ft width.

Q4. A pump discharge ethanol at 38°C into a smooth Tube of 50 mm internal

diameter at pressure of 280 kN/m2,tube is 40m long and supply of ethanol at
140kN/m2 to a reactor. Calculate volumetric flow rate of ethanol. ( Negligible change
in elevation in between the pump and reactor. )

Q5. A sugar syrup is flowing through a pipe of 55mm i.d at a flow rate at 66.67 cm 3/s.
The viscosity of syrup is 0.15 (N.s)/ m2 and its density 1040 kg/m3 . Calculate the
frictional loss over a length of 10 metres.

Q6. Water is flowing at a flow rate of 5m 3/h in a pipe line of 78 mm i.d. The viscosity
of water is 8.0 X 10-4 Pa.s. Calculate the pressure drop and frictional loss over a length
of 50metres of pipeline.
 CHT-203 Momentum Transfer Operations (MTO)

Problem Sheet: 7 Course Coordinator: Dr. Manish Vashishtha

Problems on Pumps

Q1. Calculate the net positive suction head (NPSH) of the pump using the following
data: (i) Vapour pressure of liquid = 26.66kN/m 2 ;(ii) Distance between the level of
liquid in the reservoir and suction line =1.2 m;(iii) The density of liquid = 865kg/m3
(iv) Reservoir is open to atmosphere; (v) friction in the suction pump line= 3.5J/kg.
(Ans-7.24m)

Q2. Water at a rate of 8m3/h is to be pumped from a large reservoir resting on the
floor to the open of an experimental absorption tower through a 50 mm i.d. pipe. The
point of discharge s 5 m above the floor, and the frictional losses in the entire flow
system amount to 2.5J/kg. At what height in the reservoir the water be kept if the
pump can develop only 94 W power? (Ans- 1.0m)

Q3. A liquid of density 1150 kg/m3 is flowing from point to point B which is 5 m
above the point A. The frictional losses in a pipeline of internal diameter 40 mm are 1
J/kg for a volumetric flow of 500cm 3/s. If points A and B are at atmospheric pressure
and the velocity at point A is zero, calculate the pump work done. (Ans- 50.13J/kg)

Q4. Water is to be pumped from a ground level tank, which is open to atmosphere to a
cooling tower. The difference between the level of water in the tank and discharge
point is 15 m. The velocity of water through 40mm internal diameter discharge pipe is
3m/s. In the pipe line there is a valve which is equivalent to 200 pipe diameter and a
fitting equivalent to 150 pipe diameters. The length of the entire piping is 30m.
Calculate the power requirement of pump. Data: density of water= 1000kg/m3 ;
viscosity of water = 0.0008Pa.s ; friction factor f= 0.004 (Ans- 1.45kW)

Q5. Crude oil is to be transported at the rate of 7500m 3/day from an oil field to a
refinery, located at 750 km away from the oil field through a 400 mm steel pipe.
(a) Calculate the theoretical power requirement for the pump.
(b) Since the maximum allowable pressure at any section of the pipeline is 2.94MPa,
it will be required to install pumping stations at suitable interval/distances along the
pipeline. Each station increases the pressure which drops to 165 kPa at the inlet of the
next pumping station. What is the minimum number of pumping stations required?
Data: density of oil = 870lg/m3 ; viscosity of oil= 48mPa.s (Ans- 1256.8 kW, 5)

Q6.Benzene is pumped at a rate of 9.09 m3/h from a reservoir at atmospheric pressure.

The gauge pressure at the end of discharge line is 345kN/m 2. The discharge is 3.5 m
and the pump suction is 1.3 m above the level in the reservoir. The discharge line is
40mm. The friction in the suction line is known to be 3.45kN/m 2 and that in the
discharge line is 37.9 kN/m2. The efficiency of the pump is 60%. The density of
benzene is 865kg/m3 and its vapour pressure at the temperature of pumping
[310K(370C) ] is 26.2kN/m2. Calculate- (i) The developed head of the pump
(ii) The total power input and (iii) The net positive suction head (Ans=
481J/kg,1.75kW,6.53m)