JORGE ALVARADO, MARIA ISABEL BETANCUR, RODRIGO SALGADO AND ALEJANDRO SALGADO-MONTEJO _NETHODOLOC
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How can we go beyond demographics
to better understand people?
Using profiling science to explain and predict behaviour
AA Seca ag, we lied on demographic andit
rked. Factors such as income, geographical
location, age, and gender were good predictors of how
people made decisions. We lived in a demographic bubble,
that toa certain degree, determined how and what
information we consumed. Demographic based
information in turn shaped our way of thinking, our
decisions, and thus the way companies developed and
offered products. Then, something changed; the rise ofthe
internet democratised information access and caused
‘demographic bubbles to burst. The predictive power of
‘demographic variables suddenly diminished and no longer
reflected information consumption profiles. In that sense,
itisnot that research stopped working; the world changed
abas
Jorge Alvarado Professor atthe Fonte Universidad Javerana, Bagot, Colombia,
Rodrigo Salgado i Piojoct vector Mara abel Betancur i constant and Alejandro
Selgede- Monte is Monacing Parner at Nevosketchy and Profesor tthe Universidad le
|B Sabana, Chia, Colombia 8! Norwegian Schoo, Norway
and with it, the anchor points that explain and predict
behavior
As we all know (perhaps painfully well), predicting
behavior is not an easy task. Law enforcement agencies,
teachers, governments, nonprofits, and companies are all,
trying to understand people; how they think, what they
want, and why they behave the way they do, The key issue
Is that there are many interceding factors and itis hard to
pinpoint which of these will explain behavior. Therefore,
our first tasks to understand how to select those factors
that will yield the best predictions. We ae looking for
those elements that make us human and atthe same time
explain and predict behavioral variability (ie, why people
immersed in the same context diverge in their choices).
eychographic variables ae interesting candidates to
understand and predict how and why behavior changes.
While demographics may help understand context and
provide a bird’-eye-view of markets, psychographic
variables are more suited to predict specific choices and
preferences, For instance, psychographic variables can help
‘uncover why people witha similar background can buy.
different products or have opposing political preferences
The objective then is to complement consumers profiling
by incorporating psychographics in order to increase the
predictive capacity of segmentation methodologies
[A THREE-FACTOR PROFILING MODEL
Research over the past 2s years, as demonstrated that in
‘order to understand and predict behavior itis necessary toexplore three psychographic dimensions: (1) Emotional
processing, (2) sensory and information processing, and
(3) sociocultural experience (Boyle Salofske and
Matthews, 2015, Measures of Personality and Social
Paychologcal Constructs, Elsevier).
1. Emotional processing is related to ou capacity to add a
subjective value to information and experiences and is
generally divided into three components
2 Emotional dispositions which refers to how genetic
factors and upbringing produce bases inthe way we
interact with others and ourselves, think about the
future look at problems, find solutions and generate
first impressions about people, brands and products,
'b. Emotion regulation which involves abilities to
‘maximise o diminish the impact of emotional
experiences, recognise emotional states, (reassess
the emotions attached to situation, and cope with
uncertainty
Emotional experience which looks a the emotions,
‘moods, and feelings that are generally flt by an
individual across contexts and activities.
2. Sensory and information processing relates to our
‘capacity to sort, filter and organise information from the
diferent senses. Ths includes how and what causes
aesthetic or hedonic pleasure the nature of our sensory
experience (eg, what we lke to experience or how
prone we ae to use different senses to further
tnderstand an objector situation), how each of us
assesses and responds to risk, how detailed- or holistic-
We look at how different consumer
profiles respond to cultural forces
oriented is our processing, and ultimately what captures
ur attention.
3, Sociocultural experience focuses on our lifestyle, vices,
virtues, belief, past experience, attitudes, as well as on
‘our rationalisation strategies. Furthermore, it addresses
hhow much wevalue and invest in social relations, to
what degree do we feel the need to belong to a group,
and our propensity for altruism and cooperation, Finally,
in this dimens.on we look at how different consumer
profiles respond to cultural forces and how this relates to
specific decision-making patterns.
‘THE IMPACT OF PROFILING
The purpose of profiling in market research sto identify
which factors at tae same time explain how we react asa
species (behaviol range) and what produces variability
(behavioral propensity) Fr instance, we know that if
Someone is fred om ajo they enjoy they can fel sad
and disappointed, as well as anxious, and may focus on
solving the current predicament or wallow fora short or
Jong time on ther mistakes (behavioral range) the
person has good emotional regulation sil they may
focus on how to get nev job. In contrast, someone that
finds it difficult to cope with the situation may take much
longer to actively search fora job as ther feelings will be
‘more intense andlast longer (behavioral propensity).
‘Hence, market researchers can apply profiling to help