Manuel S.

Enverga University Foundation

Lucena City, Philippines
Granted Autonomous Status
CHED CEB Res. 076-2009

NAME _________________________________ DATE PERFORMED________________

COURSE _______________________________ RATING ____________________________

Laboratory Activity No. 1

THE BASIC LOGIC GATES

I. OBJECTIVES

1. To familiarize the students with how the basic logic gates operate
2. To determine the basic connections involved in logic gates and their pin configurations.

II. BASIC CONCEPTS

All digital equipments simple or complex, are constructed from basic circuits. These circuits are called
logical elements. A logic element performs some specific logic function as binary data.
The three basic decision making logic elements are the AND gate, the OR gate and the Inverter. All other
digital elements and circuits are variations or combinations of just these three basic elements.

The simplest form of digital circuit is the Inverter or the NOT gate. The Inverter is a logic element whose
output is always opposite of its input state. If the input is a binary “0” the output is binary “1”. If the input is binary
1, the output is binary 0. We say that the inverter has an output compliment of the input. The binary states 1 and 0
are considered to be complimentary.

The AND gate is a logic circuit that has two or more inputs and a single output. The operation of the gate is
such that the output of the gate is a binary 1. If any one or more inputs are at binary 0 the output will be binary 0.
The AND gate is a control circuit whose output is a binary 1 only when all inputs to the gate are in the binary state at
the same time.

The other basic logic element is called an OR gate. Like the AND gate it can have two or more inputs and
single output. Its operation is such that the output is a binary 1 if any one or all inputs are a binary 1. The output is
binary 0 only when both inputs are binary 0.

III. MATERIALS REQUIRED

IC Type 7404 Hex Inverter Gate

IC Type 7408 AND Gate
IC Type 7432 OR Gate
Digital trainer
Breadboard
Connecting wires
LED

IV. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

1. Prepare the necessary materials and make the initial pre-operational checks.

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
University Site, Brgy. Ibabang Dupay, Lucena City, Philippines; Telephone No. (042) 710-3151
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
Lucena City, Philippines
Granted Autonomous Status
CHED CEB Res. 076-2009
2. Check for the pin configuration of the IC’s concerned. for all ICs in this experiment: Vcc +5v to pin 14,
and 0 (ground) to pin 7 For each part of the experiment, wire the logic diagram. For every output on the
logic diagram, express the Boolean function in terms of the input variable.

3. Verify the necessary output states of the gate.

V. DATA AND RESULT

Table 1.1

A x

5v

A B x
Figure 1.1a NOT Gate
IC 0 0
Table 1.2
0 5v

5v 0

5v 5v

Figure 1.1b NOT Gate Symbol

A B x
Table 1.3
0 0

0 5v

5v 0

5v 5v

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
University Site, Brgy. Ibabang Dupay, Lucena City, Philippines; Telephone No. (042) 710-3151
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
Lucena City, Philippines
Granted Autonomous Status
CHED CEB Res. 076-2009

Figure 1.2a AND Gate

A
A B x

0 0

0 5v

5v 0

5v 5v

Figure 1.2b AND GATE

A B x

0 0

0 5v

5v 0

5v 5v

Figure 1.3a OR GATE A B x

0 0

0 5v

5v 0

5v 5v

Figure 1.3b OR GATE

VI. CONCLUSION

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
University Site, Brgy. Ibabang Dupay, Lucena City, Philippines; Telephone No. (042) 710-3151
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
Lucena City, Philippines
Granted Autonomous Status
CHED CEB Res. 076-2009

VII. QUESTIONS

1. Explain the nature of operations of the Inverter Gate, the OR Gate and the AND gate.

2. Draw the circuitry that would implement the given Boolean equation below. Using all the possible
combinations, make a table to show the relation of Boolean equation:

A = (B + C) (D + C)

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT

Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
University Site, Brgy. Ibabang Dupay, Lucena City, Philippines; Telephone No. (042) 710-3151