Human Body Test Study Guide ​Answer 

key 
Directions: ​ Complete each question.

1) Label each part of the diagram

a) A: ​_mouth_
b) B: ​_liver_
c) C: ​_esophagus_
d) D: ​_stomach_
e) E: ​_pancreas_
f) F: ​_large intestine_
g) G: ​_small intestine_

2) Describe the functions of the nervous system. ​_sends and receives messages between the brain and the rest of the
body__

3) Compare and contrast the central and peripheral nervous systems. ​_The central nervous system contains the brain
and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system is located through the remainder of the body and controls
movement of arms and legs.__

4) Describe the function of:

a) Brainstem: ​_controls involuntary processes__
b) Cerebellum: ​_controls balance and coordination__
c) Cerebrum: ​_Controls thoughts, voluntary actions, the 5 senses_

5) Describe the path an electrical signal would take to alert you that you had received a paper cut. ​_peripheral nerve to
spinal cord to brain__

6) Provide an example of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems working together. ​_moving hand from hot stove__
7) Which organs are responsible for protecting the body? ​_bones___

8) Provide the function for:

a) Liver​_produces bile to break down fats__
b) Pancreas ​_produces insulin to break down sugars__
c) Gallbladder ​_stores bile__
d) small intestine ​_chemically breaks down food and absorbs nutrients__
e) Large intestine ​_removes water__
f) Stomach ​_breaks down food mechanically__
g) Rectum ​_stores solid waste until removed__
h) Anus ​_location where solid waste is removed__

9) Complete the table

Organs that use mechanical digestion Organs that use chemical digestion Organs that use mechanical and
chemical digestion

Small intestine Mouth

stomach

10) Describe the path that food takes through the body. ​_mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine,
rectum, anus__

11) The urinary system removes waste. What kind of waste is removed? ​_cell waste (urea, water)__

12) Describe the path that waste takes through the urinary system. ​_kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra__

13) Label each organ in the picture above:

a) A: ​_kidney__
b) B: ​_ureter__
c) C: ​_urinary bladder__
d) D: ​_urethra__

14) What functions are performed by bones? ​_The bones provide shape and support for the body, produce blood cells,
store nutrients, provide a location for muscles to attach.__

15) Complete the table:

Voluntary or Involuntary Example location Function

 Cardiac muscle Tissue Involuntary heart Allows the heart to pump

Smooth muscle Tissue Involuntary stomach Moves food through the

digestive tract

Skeletal muscle Tissue Voluntary hamstring Allows the body to move

16) What happens at a joint? ​_Two bones meet__

17) Use the diagram to answer:

a) Name of organ A: ​_Nose__
b) Name of organ B: ​_Trachea__
c) Name of organ C:​_Diaphragm__
d) Name of organ D: ​_Bronchi__
e) Function of organ A: ​_clean, moisten, and heat air__
f) Function of organ B: ​_transport air to the lungs__
g) Function of organ C: ​_force air out of the lungs__
h) Function of organ D: ​_disperse air through the lungs__

18) Describe the path air takes when you breathe. ​_nose, throat, trachea, bronchi, lung (alveoli)__

19) Describe the function of:

a) Bronchial tubes: ​_disperse air through the lung__
b) Alveoli: ​_provide location for gas exchange within the lung__
c) Diaphragm: ​_push air out of the lung__

20) Arteries take blood ​_away from__ ​the heart, veins take blood ​_towards__​ the heart.
21) Label each organ in the picture above.
a) H: ​_heart__
b) I: ​_artery__
c) J: ​_capilary__
d) K: ​_vein__

22) How do the Circulatory and Respiratory systems work together? ​_The circulatory system transports oxygen brought
in by the respiratory system to the body and the respiratory system removes carbon dioxide brought to the lungs by
the circulatory system.__

23) Provide 4 examples of tissue: ​_muscle, bone, connective, nerve__

24) What level of organization is shown in each picture?

a) A: ​_cell__
b) B: ​_tissue__
c) C: ​_organ__
d) D: ​_organ system__

25) What is grouped together to form each of the following?

a) Tissues: ​_cells__
b) Organs: ​_tissues__
c) Systems: ​_organs__
d) Organisms: ​_organ systems__
26) What system is shown in each picture above?
a) N: ​_nervous__
b) O: ​_respiratory__
c) P: ​_digestive__
d) Q: ​_urinary/excretory__

27) Two of the major organs of the nervous system are labeled in the diagram. Label I points to the ​_brain__. ​Label II
points to the ​_spinal cord__​.
28) In the picture of the hand above, what structures allow the fingers to move? ​_ligments, tendons, muscles__

29) What organ systems are required to allow the girl in the picture to kick the soccer ball? ​_nervous and
musculoskeletal__