LESSON NO.

3: Order of Operations
At the end of the lesson the students shall be able to:
 Determine the steps in simplifying a series of operations on whole numbers
using PMDAS or GMDAS rule
 Simplify a series of operations on whole numbers involving more than two
operations using the PMDAS or GMDAS rule.

Overview
The rules in order of operations are very important in simplifying arithmetic
operations. In this lesson you will learn how to use PMDAS(Parenthesis, Multiplication,
Division, Addition, Subtraction) and GMDAS(Grouping, Multiplication, Division, Addition,
Subtraction) rule to simplify expression that has more than two operations.

 PMDAS- Parenthesis, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction

 GMDAS- Grouping, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction

Let’s start with an activity that will help you review your skills on simplifying
operations. This will help you later in the lesson about order of operations.
Answer the following operations. Write your answer on the blank.
1. 3+10 = _________
2. 24 + 30 +24 = ________
3. 40-12 = _______
4. 20 x 10 = ______
5. 100 ÷ 5 = _______

In math, order of operations are the rules that state the sequence in which the
multiple operations in an expression should be solved. A way to remember the order of
operations is PMDAS and GMDAS where in each letter stands for a mathematical
operation.
Study the rules in the order of operations.

1. Perform the operations within each pair of grouping symbols

(parenthesis ( ), brackets { }, and braces [ ]) beginning with the
innermost pair.
2. Simplify the expression with exponents.
3. Perform multiplication and division as they occur from left to right.
4. Perform addition and subtraction as they occur from left to right.

Examples:
1. 12 ÷ 6 × 2 + 4 – 5
2. 6 ÷ 3 × 2 + 5 – 1
3. 3 ×[4 - 2 × (10 -8) + 12 ÷ 6 × 1]

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 How will you solve the order of operations?
To solve the order of operations, follow the
rules listed above.
Solutions:

1. 12 ÷ 6 × 2 + 4 – 5
2 x 2 +4 – 5  Rule 3 (Perform multiplication and division as they occur from left to right.)

4 + 4 -5  Rule 3 (Perform multiplication and division as they occur from left to right.)

8 – 5  Rule 4 (Perform addition and subtraction as they occur from left to right.)

3
2.
6÷3×2+5–1

2x2+5–1  Rule 3 (Perform multiplication and division as they occur from left to right.)

4+5–1  Rule 3 (Perform multiplication and division as they occur from left to right.)

9–1  Rule 4 (Perform addition and subtraction as they occur from left to right.)

3.
3 ×[4 - 2 × (10 -8) + 12 ÷ 6 × 1]

Rule 1 (Perform the operations within each pair of grouping symbols

3 x [4 – 2 x 2 + 12 ÷ 6 x 11]  (parenthesis ( ), brackets{ }, and braces [ ]) beginning with the innermost pair)

3 × [4 – 4 + 12 ÷ 6 × 1] 
Rule 3 (Perform multiplication and division as they occur from left to right.)

3 × [4 – 4 + 2 × 1]  Rule 3 (Perform multiplication and division as they occur from left to right.)

Rule 4 (Perform addition and subtraction as they occur from left to right)
3 × [4 – 4 + 2] 
Rule 1 (Perform the operations within each pair of grouping symbols
3 × [o + 2] 
(parenthesis ( ), brackets{ }, and braces [ ]) beginning with the innermost pair)

3×2  Rule 3 (Perform multiplication and division as they occur from left to right.)

Now that you already understand the rules in order of operations (PMDAS and
GMDAS rule)let’s check how much you have learned by doing the following activities.

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Activity 1: Let’s Practice!
Solve the expression below by following the rules. Write your answer with complete solution in
the space provided.
1.) 32 ÷ 2 × 2 2.) 6 ÷ 2 +1 × 4

3.) (15 – 6) + (4 – 1) × 23 4.) 3 × [3 + 2 × (10 -3)]

Activity 2: Keep Practicing!

Perform the indicated operations.
1. (6 ÷ 3) + (10 × 3) = N 2. (18 – 4) + (5 + 3) = N

Activity 3: Application
A. Use the numbers 3, 4, 6, and 8 once in each exercise to make a true
statement.
1. ( × )÷( + )=2
2. × ÷( × )=1
3. ×( × )÷ = 18
4. ÷ ( - )+ = 14

References
Mathematics 5 Learner’s Material Unit 1.
Villamor, A. C. (2017) Math for life 5, Manila Rex Book Store Inc

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