CHAPTER 2

Activities in Tourism Industry

Objectives:
1. Learn the various activities in tourism industry
2. Know the connection of each activity tourism
3. Learn the economic contribution of each tourism related activities.
4. Appreciate the characteristics of each activity according to tourist typology
5. Understand the concept of how each activity will be developed for tourism purposes.

It is an open knowledge that the tourism sector has experienced rapid growth and gained in
importance for the economies of many developing countries and even for several developed
countries. The World Tourism Organization (WTO) has indicated the following that covers activities
in hotels and restaurants; transports; renting of transport equipment and recreational, cultural and
sporting activities. It is only intended to indicate which industries are affected by tourism. It may
provide a framework for a more specific which would have to cover both demand aspects in the
surveys of visitors and supply aspects (survey of tourism enterprises) By identifying activities that are
to some extent relevant to the tourism sector, it will enable countries to establish a list of such
activities, arranged in order of importance based on the estimated weight they carry in terms of their
contribution to the tourism sector.

TOURISM – RELATED ACTIVITIES

Adventure Travel
Adventure travel is a type of niche tourism, involving exploration or travel with a certain degree
of risk (real or perceived), and which may require special skills and physical exertion. In the United
States, adventure tourism has grown in recent decades as tourists seek out-of-the-ordinary or “roads less
traveled” vacations, but lack of a clear operational definition has hampered measurement of market size
and growth. According to the U.S – based. Adventure Travel Trade Association, adventure travel may be
any tourist activity that includes physical activity, a cultural exchange, and connection with nature.
Adventure tourists may have the motivation to achieve mental states characterized as rush or
flow, resulting from stepping outside their comfort zone. This may be from experiencing culture shock or
by performing acts requiring significant effort and involve some degree of risk, real or perceived, or
physical danger. This may include activities such as mountaineering, trekking, bungee jumping, mountain
biking, cycling, canoeing, scuba diving, rafting, kayaking, zip-lining, paragliding, hiking, exploring, sand
boarding, caving, and rock climbing. Some obscure forms of adventure travel include social and jungle
tourism.
Access to inexpensive consumer technology, will respect to Global Positioning Systems, flash
packing, social networking and photography, and have increased the worldwide interest in adventure
travel. The interest in independent adventure travel has also increased as more specialist travel wed sites
emerge offering previously niche locations and sports.
Types of Adventure Travel
Accessible Tourism
There is a trend for developing tourism specifically for the disabled Adventure travel for the
disabled has become a $13 billion USD a year industry in North America. Some adventure travel
destinations offer diverse programs and job opportunities developed specifically for the disabled.
Culinary Tourism
Culinary tourism is defined as the pursuit of unique and memorable eating and drinking
experiences.
Cultural Tourism
Cultural tourism is the act of travelling to a place to see that location’s culture including the
lifestyle of the people in that area, the history of those people, their art, architecture, religions, and other
factors that shaped their way of life.
Disaster Tourism
Disaster tourism is the act of traveling to a disaster area as a matter of curiosity. The behaviour
can be a nuisance if it hinders rescue, relief, and recovery operations. If not done because of pure
curiosity, it can be catalogued as disaster learning.
Ecotourism
Ecotourism is now defined as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the environment,
sustain the well-being of the local people, and involve interpretation and education”. The objective of
ecotourism is to protect the environment from detrimental impacts such as human traffic, and to provide
educational information by promoting the unique qualities of the environment. Additionally, ecotourism
“should attempt to move eco tourists from a passive role, where their recreation is simply based on the
natural environment, to a more active role where their activities actually contribute to the health and
viability of those environments.”
Ethno Tourism
Ethno tourism refers to visiting a foreign location for the sake of observation the indigenous
members of its society for the sake of non-scientific gain. Some extreme forms of this include attempting
to make first contact with tribes that are protected from outside visitors. Two controversial with issues
associated with ethno tourism include bringing natives into contact with diseases they do not have
immunities for, and the possible degradation or destruction of a unique culture and/or language.

Extreme Tourism
Extreme tourism involve travel to dangerous (extreme) location or participation in dangerous
events or activities. This form of tourism can develop with extreme sport.
Jungle Tourism
Jungle tourism is a rising subcategory of adventure travel defined by actie multifaceted physical
means of travel in the jungle, tourism pertains specifically to the context of region culture and activity.
According to the Glossary to Tourism Terms, jungle tours have become a major component of green
tourism in tropical destinations and area relatively recent phenomenon of Western international tourism.
Overland Travel
Overland Travel or over landing refers to an “overland journey” perhaps originating with Marco
Polo’s first overland expedition in the 13th century from Venice to the Mongolian court of Kublai Khan.
Today over landing is a form of extended adventure holiday, embarking on a long journey, often in a
group Overland companies provide a converted truck or a bus plus a tour leader, and the group travels
together overland for a period of weeks or months.
Urban Exploration
Urban exploration (often shortened as urbex or UE) is the examination of the normally unseen or
off-limits parts of urban areas or industrial facilities. Urban exploration is also commonly referred to as
infiltration, although some people consider infiltration to be more closely associated with the exploration
of active or inhabited sites. It may also be referred to as “draining” (whn exploring drains) “urban
spelunking”, “urban caving” or “building hacking”.
The nature of this activity presents various risks, including physical danger and the possibility of
arrest, heavy fines, and incarceration. Many, but not all, of the activities associated with urban exploration
could be considered trespassing or other violations of local or regional laws.
Spiritual Tourism
The spiritual tourism refers to activities done for spiritual pursuits like pilgrimage, taking part in
yoga and meditation etc. Spiritual quest has become one of the major goals among many travellers. The
programs like yoga treks, pilgrimages meditation tours are getting more popular day by day.

A Boat Tour is a short trip in a small boat taken for tourist reasons, typically starting and ending in the
same place; and normally of a duration less than a day.

Example boat tours include:

1. Bateaux Mooches on the River Seine in Paris

2. Jaws theme park boat tour, Florida USA
3. Maid of the Mist at the Niagara Falls, Canada/United States
4. Small Teak Boat Canal Adventure in the canals of Bangkok/Thailand
5. Boat tour to Islands day boat tour to Elaphiti islands Dubrovnik/Croatia

Duck Tour are tours that take place on purpose built amphibious tour buses or military surplus
DUKWs and LARC Vs. DUCK tours are primarily offered as tourist attractions in harbour, river and lake
cities.
Heritage Trails are walking trails and driving routes in urban and rural settings that are identified
in most cases by signage and guidebooks as relating to cultural heritage.
 The heritage might be built or it can also be cultural heritage narrative. In most cases, it is in
public space.
The nature of trail can be seen to be beneficial for community development community
participation, for discovering community heritage, and for involvement by community in developing the
trails. In many countries heritage trails are Self-guided. However for the interpretation of features and
items of historical note tour guides are required.
In many countries former railway formations are used as walking and heritage trails.

Long-distance Hiking
Frequently nowadays long-distance hikes (walking tours) are undertaken along long-distance
paths, including the National Trails in England and Wales, the Kungsleden (Sweden) and the National
Trail System in the United States.

Museum Tour
There are many types of museums, including art museums, natural history museums, science
museums, war museums, and children’s museums. Amongst the world’s largest and most visited
museums, are the Louvre in Paris, the National Museums of China in Beijing the Smithsonian Institution
in Washington, D.C, the British Museums and National Gallery in London, the Metropolitan Museums of
Art in New York City and Vatican Museums in Vatican City.

As of the 2010s, the continuing acceleration in the digitization of information combined with the
increasing capacity of digital information storage, is causing the traditional model of museums (i.e. as
static bricks-and-mortar “collections of collections” of three-dimensional specimens and artifacts) to
expand to include virtual exhibits and high-resolution images of their collections that patrons can peruse
study, and explore from any place with Internet. According to The World Museums Community, there are
more than 55,000 museums in 202 countries.

Types

1. Architectural museums
2. Archaeology museums
3. Art museums
4. Biographical museums
5. Automobile museums
6. Children’s museums
7. Design museums
8. Diachronic museums
9. Encyclopaedic museums
10. Ethnology or ethnographic museums
11. Historic house museums
12. History museums
13. Living history museums
14. Maritime museums
15. Medical museums
16. Memorial museums
17. Military museums
18. Mobile museums
19. Nature history museums
20. Open-air museums
 21. Pop-up museums
22. Science museums
23. Specialized museums
24. Virtual museums
25. Zoological parks and botanic gardens

Hotels and Restaurants

1. Hotels; camping sites and other provision of short accommodation

2. Restaurants, bars and canteens

Transport, Storage and Communications Land Transport

1. Transport via railways

2. Other land transport
3. Other scheduled passenger land transport

Water Transport

1. Sea and coastal water transport

2. Inland water transport

Air Transport

1. Scheduled air transport

2. Non-scheduled air transport

Supporting and Auxiliary Transport Activities of Travel Agencies

1. Supporting and auxiliary transport activities of travel agencies

2. Activities of travel agencies and tour operators; tourist assistance activities

Financial Intermediation, Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities

Renting of machinery and equipment without operator and of personal and household.

1. Goods
2. Renting of transport equipment
3. Renting of land transport equipment
4. Renting of water transport equipment
5. Renting of air transport equipment

Recreational, Cultural and Sporting Activities

1. Motion picture, radio and television and other entertainment activities

 2. Other entertainment activities
3. Library, archives, museums and other cultural activities
4. Museum activities and preservation of historical sites and buildings
5. Botanical and zoological gardens and nature reserves activities
6. Sporting and other recreational activities
7. Sporting activities
8. Other recreational activities

Primary Forest Trekking

Excellent hiking opportunities abound in the park and you could spend days trekking through the
forest. Popular trails will lead you to several ancient trees and caves. Park staff can provide you with
basic maps to find the well-marked most out of both short and long treks.

Cycling

One fantastic way to experience is by cycling through the forest. Biking offers the visitors not
only silence and a cool breeze, but it is also a great way to view the more secretive animals and birds of
the national park. (Mountain bike rental is available in the national park).

Bird Watching

The practice of observing birds in their natural environment has become a hobby to some people.
Bird watching, or birding, is a form of wildlife observation in which the observation of birds is a
recreational activity or citizen science. It can be done with the naked eye, through a visual enhancement
device like binoculars and telescopes, by listening for bird sounds, or by watching public webcams. Bird
watching often involves a significant auditory component, as many bird species are more easily detected
and identified by ear than by eye. Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social reasons,
unlike ornithologist, who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods.

Traditional Music Performance

Musical performance, step in the musical process during which musical ideas are realized and
transmitted to a listener. In Western music, performance is most commonly viewed as an interpretive art,
though it is not always merely that. Performers to some degree determine aspects of any music they play.

Wildlife Night-spotting

Wildlife viewing is the observation of animals in their native habitats as a recreational activity. It
can be done with the naked eye, through a visual enhancement device like binoculars and telescopes, or
by listening to animal sounds. Many national parks champion wildlife as a key activity.

Amphibians, Insects, Reptiles Spotting

Tour to Biodiversity Hotspots

The concept of biodiversity hotspots was put forth by Norman Myers. They are areas or
geographical units, which maintain a significant reservoir of biodiversity and which are also severely
threatened by human activities.

Kayaking
 Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water. It is distinguishes from canoeing by the
sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle. A kayak is a low-to-the-water,
canoe-like boat in which the paddler sit facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull
front-to-back or sit-to-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.

Activities in Southern Africa

There are hotels and resorts in Southern Africa known for the unique experiences it offers across
Southern Africa. With an array of different activities at each individual property guest can expect an
eventful stay accompanied by memories.

Legend Golf & Safari Resort, also known as the “Home of the Extreme 19 th” is one of the world’s
most renowned resorts. This unique leisure destination welcomes all travellers, whether it be for a holiday
getaway, business trip, golf or safari experience, Legend caters for every need. One of South Africa’s
most talked about luxury destination will inspire all those who visit its picture perfect scenery, majestic
architectural designs and the experience of a lifetime. Below are just some of the activities offered.

1. Extreme 19th hole

2. 10 hole Tribute Golf Course
3. 18 hole Signature Course
4. Marvin’s Mini Golf
5. Game Drives
6. Bush Walks
7. Star Gazing
8. Wildlife & Cultural Centre
9. Scenic Helicopter Flights – 50% non-refundable deposit is required upon all booking
10. Hot Air Balloon Safari
11. Legend Spa & Wellness Center
12. Little Legend Programme
13. Quad Biking

Legend Golf & Safari Resort has a wide range of activities available in the nearby region of the
resort. The resort will be able to assist with any bookings necessary.

1. Water Sports at Doorndraai Dam

2. Air Gun Shooting
3. Laser Clay Pigeon Shooting
4. Archery
5. Paintball

Entabeni Safari Conservancy

Entabani Safari Conservancy, rightfully dubbed “The Place of the Mountain” is situated in the
World Heritage Waterberg Biosphere. A gravel road leads up to this Big 5 reserve, complimented by five
different lodges. Each lodge comprises a unique blend of luxury and African wilderness, perfectly set in
different immaculate locations of the reserve. Your modern African adventure status here! Entabeni
Safari Conservancy has a wider range of activities available on site.

1. Game Drives
2. Bush Walks
 3. Star Gazing
4. Scenic Helicopter Flights
5. Lakeside Beauty Spa
6. Horseback Safari

Entabeni Safari Conservancy has a wide range of activities available nearby to the various lodges.

1. Wildlife’s Cultural Centre

2. Golf
3. Water Sports at Doorndraai Dam

Zebra Country Lodge

Comfortable country living in a tranquil setting has never been more accessible and
breathtakingly beautiful. Zebra Country Lodge is hidden away in a lush bushveld setting, exuding a
distinct country feeling. This 400 hectare nature reserve is located only a thirty-minute’ drive north-east
of Pretoria, bordering Dinokeng Game Reserve the first free-roaming big 5 residential game reserve in
Gauteng. Zebra boasts three lodges, each with its own distinct and variety of general game. Zebra
Country Lodge has a wide range of activities available on site.

1. Nature Drives
2. Bush Walks & Hiking Trails
3. Mountain Biking Trails
4. Outdoor Chess
5. Volleyball
6. Spa Treatments
7. Picnics
8. Horse Riding (Book 48hrs in advance)
9. Authentic Ndebele Cultural Village
10. Marimba Band
11. Interactive Drumming
12. Zebra Country Lodge has wide range of activities available nearby to the lodge. The lodge will be
able to assist with any bookings necessary
13. Hot air Ballooning (48hrs in advance)
14. Big 5 Game Drive in Dinokeng Reserve
15. Cullinan Diamond Tour
16. Cullinan Culture Tours
17. Cullinan Adventure Zone-abseiling and zip-lining

Brenaissance Wine & Stud Estate

Situated in the secluded beauty of the Devon Valley at the heart of the Stellenbosch Winelands,
Brenaissance Wine & Stud Estate exudes beauty and serenity. The estate offers visitors & guests a truly
unique destination, everything from premium wines, opulent venues, modern farm accommodation,
delicious food at Café Blanc De Noir, to even a sighting of their distinctive Boran Cattle Stud.
Brenaissance Wine & Stud Estate has a wide range of activities available on site.

1. Bird Watching
2. Walking and Hiking Trails
3. Pizza and Wine Pairings – Café Blanc de Noir
4. Brenaissance Wine & Stud Estate has a wide range of activities available nearby to the estate
5. Fishing
 6. Mountain Biking Wine Tastings as nearby wine estates
7. Stellenbosch Town- cultural tours

Wholesong Hotel & Spa

Whalesong Hotel & Spa is situated in a lush, landscaped garden in Plettenber

Bay, the jewel of South Africa’s Garden Route, renowned for its unique scenery and moderate climate.
Wholesong Hotel & Spa has a wide range of activities available on site.

1. Health Spa
2. Outdoor Cinema
3. Craft Gin Tastings
4. Hair Salon
5. Swimming Pool and Viewing Deck

3 Swimmable Beaches, including a Blue Flag Beach

1. Ocean Safaris
2. Elephant Experience
3. Nature Reserve Hikes
4. Forest Walks
5. Mountain Biking Wildlife Interaction Trips, including Monkeyland
6. Golf Course
7. Shopping at Plettenberg bay or Knysna

Zandvlakte Nature Reserve

The jewel of South Africa’s wilderness area, the Baviaanskloof Conservancy, borders the
historical property, Zandvlakte, in the centre of the Baviaanskloof Valley. The area is internationally
well-known for its bioversity. Relics of ancient cultures are still hidden in these vast mountain ranges.
You will feel like you are everywhere and nowhere at the same time.

The lifestyle at Zandvlakte as informal, relaxed, barefoot and quiet. There is a swimming pool at
the Homestead and guests can enjoy rural late nights around a fire, walking, bird watching, reading and
relaxing.

Dugong Beach Lodge

Discover paradise on the East African seaboard. The award – winning Dugong Beach Lodge is
situated along the southern Mezambique Coast, within 30,000 hectares of pristine marine and wildlife
territory, in the Villanculos Coastal & Wildlife Sanctuary. As the first privately managed specially
protected National Park in Mozambique, the diverse eco-system of wilderness and wetland is bound to
mesmerize.

Dugong Beach Lodge has a wide range of activities available on site.

1. Sundowner Dhow Cruise

2. Beach Walks
3. Snorkelling
4. Kayaking
 5. Massage Treatments
6. Hobie Cat
7. Crab hunting
8. Nature Drives into the sanctuary
9. Island excursions
10. Deep Sea Fishing
11. Diving
12. Local fishing village day trips

Mogotlho Safari Lodge

Mogotlho Safari Lodge, named after the majestic Camel thorn trees of the area, is nestled
between a Leadwood forests, overlooking the Khwai River, situated within a 68,000 hectare private
concession in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. The exceptional location of Khwai makes it regular host
tooo elephant, buffalo, lion, leopard, cheetah and wild dogs. This is the perfect location for observing the
perennial drama of the African bushveld. This place provides easy access to the famous Moremi Game
Reserve and Savute/Chobe Game Reserve for exciting day trips and is the pefect stopover between Maun
and Kasane.

Mogotlho Safari Lodge has a wide range of activities available on site.

1. Big 5 Games Drives

2. Bird Watching
3. Guided bush walks
4. Night Drives
5. Mogotlho Safari Lodge has a wide range of activities available nearby to the lodge
6. Day trips to Moremi/Savute Game reserve
7. Cultural visits to Village Mababe

Everest Base Camp Trekking

Sixteen Days Everest Base Camp Trekking offers wonderful opportunities of countries mountains
view including top of the world “Mt. Everest” and unique experience with cultural heritage of great
Sherpa, known as Snow Leopard and scene of flora and fauna during the trekking. The rail of the Everest
Base Camp goes through the Sherpa villages, which are interspersed with magnificent forests of
rhododendron, magnolia and giant firs in the low elevation.

The home of the world’s highest on Earth, Everest Base Camp (5,364m) itself, Khumbu glacier
and icefall are amin attraction in the Everest Base Camp Trekking Probably, this trekking is one of the
most well-known in the world, due to its worthless beauties. Everest Base Camp begins from Kathmandu
to Lukla early in the morning by Mountain airstrip in the heart of the Himalaya, a famous historical
trading town of Namche Bazaar, the Buddhist monastery Tanibuche world’s highest farm Dinbuche and
Everest Base Camp.
 Everest Base Camp Trekking route offers to best advantage in the morning is absolutely thrilling
and stunning and is rightly believed to be one of the most magnificient in the world. While on the Everest
Base Camp trekking you have chance visit famous view point Kalapater (5550m), where we can get some
awesome views of the Himalayan giants which literally numb your senses with breathless admiration the
beholds the eye, and make up for the lung-bursting climb that took you up there.

This also includes fantastic views of the south west face of the colossal Mt. Everest from closest
distance and other mountains Lhose (8510m) Nupse (7879m) Pumori (7145m), Lingtring (6695m)
Amadablam (6814m), Thamserku (6723m).

That’s why it is known as Kalapater Trekking too. Collecting unforgettable experience, the trail
descends in Sherpa heritage with verities vegetation and rarely Musk dear, Snow leopard’s sport
provoking you come to again and again. Everest Base Camp Trekking is accessible short flight from
Kathmandu to Lukla or eight hours scenic drive capital city Kathmandu to Jiri. We arrange Everest Base
Camp trekking hole in the year around with well experienced government lincense holder guide, but the
best time is beginning of September to mid-November and beginning of March to mid-May.