432D Backhoe Loader WEP00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3054C Engine(S...

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Product:  BACKHOE LOADER

Model:  432D BACKHOE LOADER WEP
Configuration: 432D Backhoe Loader WEP00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED
BY 3054C Engine

Testing and Adjusting

416D, 420D, 424D, 428D, 432D and 442D Backhoe Loaders Hydraulic and Steering System
Media Number -RENR7779-00 Publication Date -01/01/2004 Date Updated -21/01/2004

i02417352

Signal Resolver Network - Check

SMCS - 5051-535

Illustration 1 g00552829
(1) Primary resolver. (2) Secondary resolver.

There are two resolvers per control valve. Primary resolvers (1) compare the hydraulic pressure in the rod
end of the cylinder to the hydraulic pressure in the head end of the cylinder. Secondary resolvers (2) compare
the signal pressure in the control valve closest to the resolver and the signal pressures in the other control
valves. The arrangement of secondary resolvers allows the highest signal pressure to reach the compensator
valve. The secondary resolvers are arranged in series and the secondary resolvers flow to the pump
compensator valve.

A resolver is a double ball check valve. The resolver compares the two pressures. The highest pressure

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moves the ball. The ball blocks the lower pressure. This higher signal pressure flows to the next resolver in
the resolver network.

The primary resolvers and the secondary resolvers can be affected by the following items.

 debris

 cut seal

 missing seal

 bad ball resolver seat

 missing resolver ball

Troubleshooting for the Signal Resolver Network

Personal injury or death can result from improperly checking for a

leak.

Always use a board or cardboard when checking for a leak. Escaping

air or fluid under pressure, even a pin-hole size leak, can penetrate
body tissue causing serious injury, and possible death.

If fluid is injected into your skin, it must be treated immediately by a

doctor familiar with this type of injury.

Sudden movement of the machine or release of oil under pressure can

cause injury to persons on or near the machine.

To prevent possible injury, perform the procedure that follows before

testing and adjusting the hydraulic system.

Table 1

REQUIRED TOOLS
Part Number Description Quantity
8T-0860 Gauge 1
177-7860 Hose Assembly 1
6V-4143 Coupler 2

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Illustration 2 g01048789
(1) Hydraulic pump

(2) Flow compensator valve

(3) Pressure compensator valve

(4) Signal pressure tap

The signal network can be easily checked. Install one 6V-4143 Coupler Assembly to each end of the 177-
7860 Hose Assembly . Install the 8T-0860 Gauge with a range of 0 to 40000 kPa (0 to 5800 psi) to the
coupler assembly. Install 177-7860 Hose Assembly to signal pressure tap (4) .

Start the engine and warm up the hydraulic oil to the operating temperature. Run the engine at LOW idle.
Operate each hydraulic control in the following order.

 Auxiliary for the loader (if equipped)

 Loader bucket tilt

 Lift control for the loader

 Steering

 Right side stabilizer

 Left side stabilizer

 Extendable stick (if equipped)

 Stick

 Backhoe bucket

 Swing

 Boom

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 Auxiliary for the backhoe (if equipped)

Stall each circuit. The following tables contain the signal pressures for the hydraulic circuits.

Table 2

420D, 428D, 432D and

Hydraulic Circuit 416D and 424D
442D
STICK OUT
STICK IN
STICK EXTEND (if equipped)
STICK RETRACT (if equipped)
Auxiliary (if equipped) 22800 ± 700 kPa (3300 ± 20700 ± 700 kPa (3000 ± 100
100 psi) psi)
SWING
Backhoe BUCKET DUMP
Backhoe BUCKET CLOSE
BOOM RAISE

Front wheel steering

17250 ± 700 kPa (2500 ± 100 psi)

All Wheel Steering 22800 ± 700 kPa (3300 ±

100 psi)

BUCKET DUMP (parallel lift

16200 ± 700 kPa (2350 ± Not applicable
machines)
100 psi)

RACK BACK (parallel lift machines) 22800 ± 700 kPa (3300 ±

100 psi)

DUMP and RACK BACK (all other

machines) 22800 ± 700 kPa (3300 ± 20700 ± 700 kPa (3000 ± 100
LIFT 100 psi) psi)

BOOM LOWER Test

1. Engage the boom lock.

2. Run the engine at the appropriate speed. See Table 4 for the appropriate engine speed.

Table 3

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Machine Sales Models Engine rpm

416D, 420D and 424D 1100 rpm
428D, 432D and 442D 1250 rpm

3. Push the boom control lever fully forward in order to activate the BOOM LOWER circuit.

4. Note the pressure reading at pressure tap (5) .

5. See Table 5 for the proper pressure readings at pressure port (5) .

Table 4

Hydraulic Circuit 420D, 428D, 432D and 442D 416D and 424D

BOOM LOWER
15200 ± 700 kPa (2200 ± 100 psi) 15500 ± 700 kPa (2250 ± 100 psi)

6. Lower the work tools to the ground. Engage the parking brake and stop the engine.

Note: By using the gauge, small leakage problems such as a cut seal or a missing seal can be detected.

Secondary Resolvers with Two or More Valve Sections

If two or more of the control valves in series fail to work properly, the problem may be in the secondary
resolver of an upstream implement control valve. The first control valve receives the pump supply oil first. If
the secondary resolver for the control valve does not work properly, the secondary resolver may allow signal
pressure from any control valve that is further from the pump supply to leak back to the tank.

This leakage may be caused by a resolver ball that is not seating or by a resolver ball that is blocking the
signal oil to the drain. Signal oil from a downstream control valve may be at a higher pressure than a control
valve that is closer to the pump. However, the faulty resolver will not allow the downstream valve to
function properly.

A leakage in the resolver may be caused by a missing resolver ball, debris that prevents the resolver ball
from properly seating, a missing seal or a leaking seal. When multiple control valves malfunction, first
operate the malfunctioning valve that is farthest from the pump. Operate the other control valves, while you
operate the control valve that is farthest from the pump. Operate the other control valves one at a time until a
control valve operates both implements.

This is the control valve with the bad secondary resolver. The farthest control valve is sending a signal and
the control valve with the faulty secondary resolver is also sending a signal. Because the control valve with
the bad secondary resolver has a leak, the signal from the farthest control valve cannot flow to the pump
controller until the control valve with the faulty resolver is operated.

Primary Resolver Versus Secondary Resolver

For control valves with a flow control spool, if one control valve section fails to work properly in one or both
directions, the primary resolver or the secondary resolver in that control valve may be faulty. In order to

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determine the faulty resolver, perform the following check.

Stall an implement control valve downstream from the malfunctioning valve. This will force the
malfunctioning valve's secondary resolver ball to move away from the seat on the drain end.

This eliminates the possibility of a leak on the drain end of this secondary resolver. While you stall the
downstream control valve, operate the malfunctioning control valve. If the control valve is still operating
improperly in one or both directions, then the primary resolver may be faulty.

When the primary resolver is faulty, the faulty resolver bleeds off the pressure, which affects the operation of
the flow control spool. The combined force of the signal oil pressure and the flow control spring is not
enough to move the spool. This prevents additional oil to flow to the cylinder. The load on the cylinder is
greater than the amount of oil that is flowing to the cylinder, which causes the implement to have a slower
response.

Normally if an implement is slow in both directions, the problem is usually in the secondary resolver. If an
implement is slow in only one direction, the cause is typically caused by a faulty primary resolver.

The causes for a faulty primary resolver are the same causes for a secondary resolver. A leakage in the
resolver may be caused by a missing resolver ball, debris that prevents the resolver ball from properly
seating, a missing seal or a leaking seal.

A malfunction in a valve section could be caused by one of the following problems.

 A misadjusted linkage

 A spring in the flow control valve that is broken

 A flow control spool that is incorrectly installed

 A faulty line relief valve

 A faulty makeup valve

Note: As a recommendation, flush the system if there is debris in the system. Flush the system by removing
all of the resolver balls in the secondary resolvers. Then operate the implements. There will be enough oil
flow in order to flush the debris to the tank.

Copyright 1993 - 2016 Caterpillar Inc. Thu Oct 27 11:00:27 UTC-0400 2016
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