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FORM TP 2020263 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MAY/JUNE 2020

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION®
GEOGRAPHY
UNIT 2 - Paper 01
CLIMATE, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND DEVELOPMENT
1 hour 30 minutes

( 27 MAY 2020 (p.m.) )

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.
(0
C\1
I{)
l. This test consists of 45 items. You will have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer them.
2. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet.
3. Do not be concerned that the answer sheet provides spaces for more answers than there are items
in this test.

4. Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item
you are about to answer and decide which choice is best.
5. On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space
having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below.
Sample Item
Which of the following are descriptions of the spatial
patterns of high technology industries? Sample Answer
I. Semi-rural peripheries
II. Highly specialized areas
0
0 III. Situated near research centres
0
<(

(A) I and II only

(B) I and III only
(C) II and III only
(D) I, II and III

The best answer to this item is "I, II and III", so (D) has been shaded.
6. If you want to change your answer, erase it completely before you fill in your new choice.
7. When you are told to begin, turn the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can. If
you cannot answer an item, go on to the next one. You may return to that item later.
8. You may do any rough work in this booklet.
9. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer items.
I 0. The use of geometrical instruments is permitted.
DO NOT TURN TffiS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Coovri!!ht © 2018 Caribbean Examinations CrnmC' il
 -2-

1. What vegetation type exists in regions with Wh"ch of the following factors is a cause
3.
the following characteristics? of s~ort-term changes in the climate?

I. Rapid leaf litter decay (A) El Nino Southern Oscillation Cycle

II. Recycling of nutrients (B) Relationship between sun and earth
111. Moisture budget surplus (C) Variations in atmospheric moisture
(D) Variations in temperature of air
(A) Temperate forest masses
(8) Tropical grassland
(C) Tropical rainforest
(D) Temperate grassland

2. Jet streams are winds which occur

(A) at heights below 10 km

(B) near the top of the troposphere
(C) in the middle of the ionosphere
(D) near the bottom of the troposphere

Item 4 refers to the following incomplete diagram which shows the relationship between climate
and soil.

Weathering of rocks

4. Which of the following tenns is MOST suitable for completing the relationship shown above?
(A) Fauna
(B) Vegetation
(C) Rainfall amount
(D) Integrity of erosion

022250 I 0/MJ/CAPE 2020

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 -3-

5. With which of the following types of soil is calcium carbonate nodules normally associated?

(A) Rendzina
(B) Terra rossa
(C) Chernozem
(D) Brown earth

Item 6 refers to the following diagram showing a soil texture triangle.

Clay(%)

,____.,,__,,___,.____,.__--"-----"'-----"---"'-----"--' 100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Sand(%)

6. Which of the following compositions represents the soil texture at the Point P?

Sand Silt Clay

(A) 13 30 57
(8) 17 70 13
(C) 30 13 57
(D) 70 17 13

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 -4-

. . • ,
1
atmospheri c coo ling process.
Item 7 refers to the followin g diagram whi ch shows 81

> >
Warmer moist air

Co/d'-=
e-=-
r -s u- r-fa_c_e _ _ _ _ _ __

7. The atmospheric cooling process illustrated above is

(A) frontal
(8) radiation
(C) advection
(D) convective

8. Which of the following soil analysis 10. Which of the following characteristics is
techniques is difficult to perform in the true of hurricanes?
field?
(A) They occur within the trade wind
(A) Soil depth belt.
(B) Hand texturing (B) They develop extremely close to
(C) Soil temperature the equator.
(D) Organic content (C) Their wind speed ranges from 60
to 80 km per hour.
(D) Their intensity strengthens in the
9. The study of the climate within a rainforest zone of the Westerlies.
is called

(A) climatology 11. Which of the following types of soil

(B) meteorology structure hinders drainage?
(C) bioclimatology
(D) microclimatology (A) Platy
(8) Blocky
(C) Crumbly
(D) Prismatic

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13. Which of the following weather systems is

12. Which of the following vegetation types
NOT associated with low pressure?
would normally be associated with a water
deficit?
(A) Anticyclone
Tropical grasslands (B) Depression
I.
Tropical rainforests (C) Tropical cyclone
II.
(D) Intertropical Convergence Zone
Ill. Temperate grasslands

(A) I only
(B) I and 11 only
(C) I and Ill only
(0) IJ and Ill only

Item 14 refers to the following table showing changes of temperature with height above sea level.

Height Environmental Temperature

(metres) Temperature (°C) of Rising Air (°C)
1000 12.5 12.8
800 14.0 14.0
600 15.5 15.2
400 17.0 16.4
200 18.5 18.2
0 20.0 20.0

14. At what height has the air become unstable?

(A) 200 m
(B) 400 m
(C) 600 m
(0) 800 m

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0222 50 I 0/MJ/CAPE 2020
 -6-

Which of the following statements is true

Item 15 refers to the diagram of the Lorenz 18.
regarding post-industrial economies?
Curve, showing population distribution in
Country P. (A) Services have become less
important.
(B) Manufacturing has become less
important.
(C) Manufacturing has become more
important.
80 (D) Primary industries have become
more important.
-- 60 X
-;J.
.._,
: 40 ··································· One criticism of the common agricultural
19.
<30 ···-···················· policy (CAP) is that it
20
(A) was a financial burden on Europeans
(B) reduced tariffs on imported goods
20 40 60 80 (C) set maximum prices for farm
Population (%) products
(D) caused underproduction of
agricultural goods
15. ln the diagram above, Y can be described
as the degree of
20. Weber's theory of industrial location is
(A) equality based on an analysis of
(B) inequality
(C) positive equality (A) least cost
(D) negative inequality (B) post-industrial
(C) profit minimization
(D) comparative advantage
16. ln which type of industry is the majority
of the population in LEAST developed
countries usually employed? 21. ~hich of the following factors is a negative
impact of the presence of multinational
(A) Primary corpor~tions (MNCs) on developing host
(8) Secondary countries?
(C) Tertiary
(D) Quaternary (A) Inflow of capital
(B) Economic dependency
(C) Transfer of technological skills
17. Raw materials which are NOT evenly
(D) Government income from taxes
distributed are said to be
and royalties
(A) pure
(B) gross
(C) localized
(D) ubiquitous

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 -7-

~tern 22
refers to the following table which shows changes in employment in various industries
m Country X for the period 2012 to 2015.

Employment
Industry (thousands)
2012 2013 2014 2015
Oil and gas 15 16 17 18
Manufacturing 53 52 50 43
Construction 71 71 70 69
Agriculture 43 39 32 25
Serv ice 250 375 380 400

22. The percentage change in employment in agriculture from 2012 to 2015 was

(A) - 72.0
(B) - 41.9
(C) 41.9
(D) 72.0

Item 23 refers to the following sketch map showing areas labelled W, X, Y and Z.

SEA

0 0 KEY
[:3
= - Road
0 - Citrus
• - Small Town

23. Which area on the sketch map is BEST suited for the location of a garment factory?

(A) W
(8 ) X
(C) y
(D) Z

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022250 I 0/MJ/CAP E 2020
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. h fthe following are possible effects

25. Wh1c o . ?
Which of the following conditions is NOT . lture on the environment.
24. of agncu
an assumption of von Thunen 's rural land
use model? Water logging of soil
I.
Salinization of the soil
IT.
(A) One large market is dominant. Losses to the gene pool
111.
(B) Fanners act as ' economic men'•
(C) One form of transport is available. J and II only
(A)
(D) Transport cost is indirectly propor- I and III only
(B)
tional to distance.
(C) IJ and JJI only
(D) I II and 111
'

. nta e of first-time and repeat visitors

Item 26 refers to the following graph which shows the perce g
to Jamaica in 1991 , 2001 and 2005.

1991
2001
70

2005
z:
.s
....J 40

,=
0
Ill

Ill

Ill
ii,.

0
First visit Repeat visit

1--------1 Tourists visiting Jamaica in 1991, 2001 and 2005 1----------'

Source: Jamaica Tourist Board, Visitor Opinion Survey, 2005/06,
Retrieved from http://www.jtbonline. org/statisticslsurvey.

26. Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the graph?

(A) In 1991, 2001 and 2005, repeat visitors steadily increased.

(8 ) The percentage of first-time visitors decreased over the three years.
(C) In 2005, the percentage of first-time visitors and repeat visitors decreased.
(D) In 2005 , the percentage of repeat visitors was less than half the percentage of first-time
visitors.

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022250 I 0/MJ/CA PE 2020
 -9-

Items 27- 28 refer to the fo llowing diagram which shows Butler's model ofthe evolutfon of tot.trism
in a region.

,, , . ,,, Rejuvenation
,, , .
\' ',
'. ---- -- Stabiliution
''
I
Development I

'Decline

Involvement

Exploration
Time

27. What stage of the model does X represent?

(A) Stagnation
(B) Investment
(C) Settling point
(D) Sustainability

28. At which stage of Butler's model of tourism would a resort cater for a mass market?

(A) Exploration
(B) Involvement
(C) Development
(D) Consolidation

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ltems 29-30 refer to the followin g diagram
which illustrates the relationship between
transport cost and manufacturing sitl!S, R 1
and ~- The material index (Ml) of this
industry is I .
ltems 32-33 refer to the followin g diagram
showing Stages [- Vin Rostow·s model of
development.

Market V

IV

ID

II

29. What would be the TOTAL cost of shipping -----Decade-----

the raw materials and products if the market
is chosen as the production site?
32. Which of the following features is NOT
(A) $40 characteristic of Stage l?
(B) $50
(C) $60 (A) Production is labour intensive.
(D) $70 (B) Highest emplo y ment is in
agriculture.
(C) Most output is consumed by the
30. What would be the TOTAL cost of shipping producers.
the raw materials and products if R., is (D) The economy is geared towards
chosen as the production site? - mass consumption.

(A) $40
(B) $50 33. Which stage of economic growth is
(C) $60 represented at Stage III?
(D) $70
(A) Drive to maturity
(B) Take-off to maturity
31. Which of the following statistical tech- (C) PrecondHions for take-off
niques is used to determine whether there (D) Age of high mass consumption
is a significant relationship between two
sets of data?

(A) Best fit line

(B) Rank-size rule
(C) Standa rd dev iati on
(D) Spearman's ra nk corre latio n

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 - 11 -

34. In Country X, the doctor- patient ratio 38. Critics of aid from developed countries to
decreased rapidly from the capital city to developing countries are concerned that the
rural areas. This is an indicator of aid

(A) the spread effect I. creates dependency

(8) multiplier effect II. ignores environmental concerns
(C) local disparities II I. supports corrupt governments
(D) global disparities
(A) f only
(B) I and IJ only
35. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a (C) II and Ill only
better measure of development than gross (D) l, II and Ill
national product (GNP) because it

(A) captures social indices Item 39 refers to the following diagram

(B) is a quantitative measure which shows changes in the output of two
(C) measures Iiteracy change sectors of the economy over the period
(D) shows a rise in the standard of 1970-2000.
living

36. Through which of the following interna-

tional organizations is the money from rich
countries distributed in multilateral aid?

I. Save the Children

II. World Health Organization
III. Food and Agriculture Organization 1970 2000

(A) I and II only 39. The changes shown in the diagram are
(B) I and III only referred to as
(C) II and III only
(D) I, II and III (A) polarization
(B) nationalization
(C) decentralization
Item 37 refers to the following statement. (D) de industrialization

" Development and underdevelopmen_t

seen as opposite sides of the same com. 40. Based on the Human Development Index
(HDI) rates , whic h of the following
37. Which of the following theories is based countries ranks HIGHEST?
on the statement above?
(A) Cuba
(A) Dependency theory (B) Jamaica
(B) Core-periphery model (C) Barbados
(C) Cumulative causation model (D) Trinidad and Tobago
(D) Theory of plantation economy

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022250 I 0/ MJ/CAPE 20ZO

-
- 12 -

43 refers to the following diagram

1
41. Bilateral aid flows from : : h ~ows the decline in infant mortality
rates per 1000 live births for four countries
(A) donors to relief agencies in t 960 and 1994.
(B) one country to another country
(C) charities to low-income countries
(D) donors through international 100
agencies 90

42. The principle of the multiplier effect is used

to explain development in the

(A) plantation model

(B) dependency theory
(C) core-periphery model
(D) cumulative causation model
20
10
0
Barbados Belize Guyana Jamaica

Country

43. In which country was the decline in infant

mortality rates SMALLEST?

(A) Belize
(B) Guyana
(C) Jamaica
(D) Barbados

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 - IJ -

l_wn~s H~ re for tn tho following table which sh0ws the percent.age employ ment in three sectors
tor tour countrk!-.

St..'CtOI' Country P Country Q Country R Country S

(%) (%) (%) (%)

Agricultuf\! 2 62 25 7
Industry 28 11 25 34

Service 70 27 50 59

.u. Which TWO countries can be considered developing based on the percentage employment in
EACH sector?

(A) P and R
(B) P and S
(C) Q and R
(D) Rand S

45. Which of the following countries is MOST similar to Country P?

(A) Brazil
(B) Haiti
(C) South Africa
(D) United Kingdom

END OFTEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME JS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON TIDS TEST.

02225010/MJ/CAPE 2020