The

Rajputs

Rajputs in the World War 1

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World War I officially began on July 28, 1914, after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand,
and lasted until 1918.

Asian contributions to both world wars are not widely known about, despite the fact that India
raised the world’s largest volunteer armies: 1.5 million in WWI and 2.5 million in WWII. World War I
marked an important watershed. For the first time, Indian soldiers were fighting on European soil.
They fought in all the major theatres of war on land air and sea, alongside British troops. Their many
awards for bravery, as well as their war graves and memorials on the battlefields, are testimony to
their sacrifice in the service of Britain. Unrecognised for decades, their contributions are only now
being fully acknowledged.

The Indian Army fought against the German Empire in East Africa and also on the Western Front.

More than 13 lakh Indian soldiers served during World War I fighting for the Britishers.They served
in places as diverse as France and Belgium, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Gallipoli, Palestine and Sinai.

74,187 of the 13 lakh Indian soldiers who fought for Britishers lost their lives.

Sir Claude Auchinleck, Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army once said " Britain couldn't have
come through the wars if they hadn't had the Indian Army."Their stories and their heroism have long
been omitted from popular histories of the war.

Indian soldiers won a total of 11 Victoria Crosses for their sacrifice in World War I. A total of 11
Victoria Crosses were won by Indian soldiers. Khudadad Khan became the first Indian to be awarded
a Victoria Cross. He was a machine gunner with the 129th Baluchi Regiment. Others are Mir Dast,
Shahamad Khan, Lala, Darwan Negi, Gabbar Negi, Karanbahadur Rana, Badlu Singh, Chatta Singh,
Gobind Singh and Kulbir Thapa who won Victoria Cross for their role in World War I.

India gifted a large sum of money to Britishers and anticiapting dominon status and home rule in
homeland. As high as 100 million British Pounds (present day Rs 838 crore) was gifted by India to
Britain to fund their war anticipating dominion status and home rule in return.

November 11 is observed as Remembrance Day in Commonwealth of Nations member states since

the end of the World War I to remember members of their armed forces who died in the line of
duty. Remembrance Day is also known as Armistice Day. It marks the day World War I ended. At 11
am on the 11th day of the 11th month, a two-minute silence is held to remember the people who
have died in the war.

The UK’s history must include the stories of people from the former British Empire. The UK has a
particular responsibility to construct an inclusive history of the experience of the First World War. It
was a truly global conflict, and involved many Commonwealth countries that made huge sacrifices
vital to Britain’s war effort.

However, as the British Council’s recent international survey — carried out in Egypt, France,
Germany, India, Russia, Turkey and the UK — showed, the UK public has only a limited
understanding of the extent and significance of the role of Commonwealth countries in the First
World War, and is therefore some way away from recognising them appropriately.

Sikhs are building war memorial in UK. And there is no public discussion about the Rajput
contribution in the WW1. It’s time to educate and inform the community to generate a greater
awareness

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 Nothing would deter Gobind Singh Rathore from delivering the
message. Not enemy fire. Not his dead horse. Not even sheer
exhaustion.
The story goes thus: On December 1, 1917, the 2nd Lancers
(Gardner’s Horse) unit of the British Indian army was
surrounded by enemy German forces in Epehy, France, at the
height of the Battle of Cambrai. The unit was cut off from its
brigade, headquartered six miles away, on the outskirts of
Peizieres. Someone had to ride a horse to Peizieres to deliver
a message about the unit’s siege by the Germans. Lance
Dafadar Gobind Singh Rathore volunteered to do so.

Rathore galloped along until, half a mile later, his horse was
shot dead in a hail of gunfire. He briefly lay near his horse,
and then, hoping he wasn’t being watched, got up and ran
furiously. More gunfire followed. Rathore fell down, pretending
to be dead, and then got up and ran. This went on till he finally
got to the brigade headquarters. Now, a message had to be
relayed back to the unit at Epehy. He mounted another horse,
but two-thirds into the journey, the animal was shot dead. He
ran back under enemy fire to his unit.
An hour later, another message had to be sent to the HQ and
Rathore volunteered again. His colleagues told him that he’d
taken enough risks, but he said that he knew the route like no
one else did. So he set off on another horse. Half way through
Epehy, a direct hit from a shell cut his horse into two, and
Rathore ran on foot again. Dehydrated and wounded, he
arrived at the HQ, where he volunteered to make another trip,
but was denied permission.
For his determination, Rathore was given the Victoria Cross
(VC), the highest gallantry award for valour “in the face of the
enemy” to members of the armed forces of British territories.

Gobind Singh Rathore,

VC

A 1920 painting by Thomas

Flowerday Clarke titled The
second ride of Lance .

Dafadar Gobind
Singh, VC at Peizieres
France Dec 1, 1917.

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2nd Rajput Light Infantry in action in
Flanders, during the winter of 1914-15.

Captain
Sardar Bahadur Ram
Rup Singh Sikarwar-
King George's Own, Bengal
Sappers & Miners
Village Gahmar , Ghazipur
Distt Uttar Pradesh .

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 Sepoy Chatta Singh was awarded the Victoria
Cross for exceptional valour at the Battle of
Wadi on 13 January 1916. By the time the
regiment returned home in March 1919, only
fifteen men remained of those who had
sailed for France in 1914.
On 13 January 1916 during the Battle of the
Wadi, Mesopotamia, Sepoy Chatta Singh left
cover to assist and to rescue his commanding
officer, who was lying wounded and helpless
in the open. He was from Kanpur in Uttar
Pradesh.
Picture of Chatta Singh of 9 Bhopal Infantry
meeting Army Chief Rajendrasinhji Jadeja.

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 King George the V riding with His Honorary Aide–de-Camp,
Maharaja Ganga Singh, in London shortly after the Great War.

Ganga Risala
Maharaja Ganga Singh of Bikaner & General
Jam Smuts inspecting a Guard - London–1917

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 Commandant Ganga Risala (now 13 Grenadiers ) Lt
Col Jeoraj Singh (in white dress ) at victory parade on
the culmination of WW1 .

Lt Col Jeoraj Singh Commandant,

Ganga Risala ( astride camel on
2nd from Left) along with British
Officer and Second in Command,
Maj Moti Singh ( on extreme
rightt) during WW I in middle
east...

A Havildar of the Bikaner Camel Corps

(Ganga Risala)

The troop claimed its origins in the

mounted troops who accompanied Rao
Bika when he arrived in Bikaner from
Jodhpur. In 1889 the unit was accepted
into the Imperial Service Troops Scheme
and took its title from the then Maharaja,
the famous Ganga Singh. It was probably
the most famous camel corps in the British
Empire and certainly always took pride of
place in the Bikaner Army, seeing much
overseas service in times of war.

During the Great War, the Bikaner Camel

Corps was employed for reconnaissance
patrol in the desert and served in Egypt
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20 November
1914 Egypt: The
Bikaner Camel
Corps/Ganga
Risala beat off
the Turks on the
coast towards
Port Said.

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 Jodhpur Lancers – ‘Jo Hukums’
Jodhpur Lancers Officers who were popularly called Jo Hukums means as you command, on the eve of their departure
from France in february 1918.
Seated from left - Capt Badan Singh ,Capt Anop Singh ,major Dalpat Singh ,Lt Col O A Holden ,Capt Panai Singh,
Capt Aman Singh Jodha ,Lt Col Pratap Singh Standing third from right Lt Jattan Singh

Capt Panai
Singh Ji -
London.
WW1.

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 Sir Pratap Singh Ji
Idar, Maharaja
Sajjan Singh Ji
Ratlam and Hanut
Singh Ji.-London

Lieutenant-General Sir Pratap

Singh and the Raja of Ratlam,
Lieutenant-Colonel Maharaja
Sajjan Singh Bahadur, at Sir
Douglas Haig’s HQ in
Montreuil, 1916

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A Saga of Chivalry- Battle of Haifa ( Israel)

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 Through the rain of bullets: How Haifa was captured from Ottoman
Empire.
Already celebrated as the "Jo Hukums", which literally means "As you command", for their reckless
courage and discipline in following orders, however dangerous, the Jodhpur Lancers arrived in Egypt in
early 1918, a part of the 15th Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade, 5th Cavalry Division, Desert Mounted
Corps. After three months of training near Cairo they moved into the Jordan Valley. There, in more
familiar terrain at last, they would cover themselves with glory. Indeed, bored with the trenches of
France and itching for some real cavalry fighting, they showed their mettle in their very first action, at
Abu Tulul on 14th July. Two squadrons of the Lancers led by Harji's son, Major Thakur Dalpat Singh,
attacked a large body of Turks on a ridge, spearing many and capturing many more. The Eastbourne
educated Dalpat, like his father a great favorite of Sir P's, outpaced his troop and single-handedly
attacked a machine-gun emplacement, succeeding in capturing a senior officer. For this he was awarded
the Military Cross. Not the only one decorated that day. In all the Lancers received six Indian Orders of
Merit and seven Distinguished Service Medals for their success at Abu Tulul.
Yet, it was only the beginning. The Commander-in-Chief, Egypt Expeditionary Force, Sir Edmund Allenby's
historic offensive into Palestine and Syria began on 19th September,1918. Four days later the Jodhpur
Lancers with the 15th Cavalry Brigade, including the Mysore and Hyderabad Lancers, moved into position
to capture strategic Haifa. This charming coastal town, now in Israel, was both strongly defended and
easily defensible, commanded as it is by Mount Carmel (hailed for its beauty in the Song of Solomon) in
the south-west and protected by the River Kishon in the north-east.
At 1400 hrs on 23rd September the battle began. Under heavy Turkish machine-gun fire, negotiating
quicksand on the banks of the Kishon which they had to cross on the one hand, and the not-so-gentle
slopes of Carmel on the other, the Jodhpur Lancers charged into Haifa. (The Mysore Lancers were sent in
to "mop up" and the Hyderabad Lancers were held in reserve. Cover fire was provided by the Sherwood
Rangers.) Interestingly the attack was led by 'B' squadron which consisted solely of Jodha Rathores. 'A'
squad, the Mertias followed and 'C' squad, with its mixed forces, came in later.
Such raw courage the world had rarely seen. Nor had death and pain ever been treated with such disdain.
Here were descendants of men who had fought at Khanua and Sumel and Dharmat and Merta and

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Malpura, all legendary Rathore charges, but this was perhaps the finest of them all. Indeed this charge at
Haifa is described by many as the most remarkable cavalry action ever in the history of war and, as the
historian Charles C.Trench remarks in his book, 'The Indian Army and the King's Enemies',."Only the Jo
Hukums could have done it." That day the Jo Hukums had to be restrained as they galloped through the
streets of Haifa, even after all the machine-gun posts had fallen, towards the placid and unknowing
Mediterranean, spearing and butchering the unfortunate Turks who crossed their path, civilians even, for
they had seen too many of their brothers fall. And among the dead was their beloved commander, Major
Thakur Dalpat Singh.

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 Captain Anop Singh
Jodha

Captain Aman Singh Bahadur

and Dafadar Jor Singh were
awarded the Indian Order of
Merit (IOM) and Captain Anop
Singh and 2nd Lt Sagat Singh
were awarded the Military
Cross (MC) as recognition for
their bravery in this battle
while Major Dalpat Singh was
awarded a military cross for his
bravery.

The citation for Risaldar Saitan Singh's Indian Order of Merit reads as follows:
“For conspicuous gallantry and initiative on 14th July 1918 when serving with the
Egyptian Expeditionary Force in delivering an immediate mounted attack on the enemy.
Accompanied by three men, he charged a formed body of about thirty dismounted enemy,
killed and wounded fourteen and captured the officer in command.”
Fearing a counter-attack from the large number of Turks still in the field, the regiment
fell back towards the river. 100 enemy had been killed or wounded and prisoners taken for
the loss of two Indian officers killed and one wounded, 13 sowars killed, 7 wounded and 5
missing.
In addition to Major Dalpat Singh's immediate award of a Military Cross, six Indian
Orders of Merit (2nd Class) and seven Indian Distinguished Service Medals were
distributed among the Lancers. General Allenby (1861-1936), the Commander in Chief,
Egypt and Palestine, who visited the Brigade on the 27th, wrote that 'The day's operations
were one of the great feats of the war!
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Commemoration of 100 years of Haifa war

Israeli postage stamp

commemorating victory of
Rajput Soldiers in WW1.

London - July 19th 2018-

House of Lords Distinguished guests,
including Indian leaders and luminaries, came
together at the House of Lords to mark the
100th anniversary of the Battle of Haifa, a
significant event for India, the United Kingdom,
and the Baha’i community, in what is believed
to be one of the last cavalry charges in
modern military history. The event was
hosted by Lord Dholakia and was a joint
collaboration between him and the Bahá’í
communities of India and the United Kingdom.
Speakers including Lord Dholakia, His
Excellency the Indian High Commissioner, Lord
Bilimoria, Major Chandrakant Singh, the
Maharaja of Mysore and Nazenene Rowhani
came together to celebrate the ultimate showing
of bravery and recognised the impact that the
Battle of Haifa had on ensuring the safety of
‘Abdu’l-Baha, the son of Baha’u’llah, the
Founder of the Baha’i Faith.

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HH Gaj Singh Ji of Jodhpur ,Brig Mahendra Singh Jodha and cavaliers
of 61 Cavalry at Haifa in Israel .

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Teen Murti –Haifa Chowk Memorial, Delhi

Mysore

Jaipur

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 Subedar Major Ujala Singh , Badesara, Hissar. Hyderabad
infantry. Served in Germany, East Africa and Persia.
Lala,
41st Dogras
On 21 January 1916, at El Orah,
Mesopotamia, finding a British
officer lying close to the
enemy, Lance-Naik Lala
dragged him into a temporary
shelter. After bandaging his
wounds, the lance-naik heard
calls from his own adjutant
who was lying wounded in the
open. The enemy was only 100
yards (91 m) away. Lala insisted
on going to help. He stripped
off his own clothing to keep the
wounded officer warm and
stayed with him until just
before dark when he returned
to the shelter. After dark he
carried the first wounded
officer to safety and then,
returning with a stretcher,
carried back his adjutant.
Darwan Singh Negi, 39th
Garhwal Rifles
For great gallantry on the night of the 23–24
November 1914, near Festubert, France,
when the regiment was engaged in retaking
and clearing the enemy out of our trenches,
and, although wounded in two places in the
head, and also in the arm, being one of the
first to push round each successive traverse,
in the face of severe fire from bombs and
rifles at the closest range.
Sepoy Jhandu Singh
During World War 1 the Rajput regiment was sent to serve India in
Mesopotamia. The 3rd battalion fought the Battles of Qurna and Kut-
al-Amara against the Turks. In one of the battles, the Turks had
invaded both the flanks of the 3rd Rajput, during which Jemadar Sital
Baksh was severely wounded. Sepoy Jhandu Singh rushed to his
rescue, the Jemadar ordered him to leave him behind but the sepoy
lifted him on his back and started moving through the marshlands.
Soon both the rescuer and the rescued became targets of the Turks
and were riddled with bullets. Sepoy Jhandu Singh was awarded
posthumous IOM and Médaille militaire. Most of the Rajput
battalions saw action during World War 1. The 1st battalion fought at
the Battle of Dujailah in Mesopotamia, where it was nearly
annihilated. A large number of other awards and battle honours were
won by the Rajputs and at the end of WW1, a total of 37 battle
honours were on the colours of the Rajputs, which exceeded that of
any other regiment of the Indian Army.
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 2nd Jammu & Kashmir Rifles (Body Guard) : June
1916
Officers with the German flag and machine gun
captured in the Action at Lukigura River on 24 June
1916, during the advance to Morogoro.The officers
are:
Back row (l to r): Jemadars Shah Wali, Naran Singh and
Kalu, Subedars Ram Singh and Tekaram, Subedar
Assistant Surgeon Abdul Kadli, Jemadars Naran Singh
and Bal Singh
Middle row (l to r): Subedars Bhaguran Singh, Umar
Fulti and Sher Ali Khan, Major Hosiar Singh ,
Lieutenant-Colonel Haidar Ali Khan, Lieutenant Nand
Lal, Subedars Maidar Ali Khan, Nawal Singh and Kesri
Singh;
Front Row (l to r): Jemadars Tazir Din and Lal Singh,
Lt. Col Raghubir Singh Pathania,
Subedars Pursud Singh, Milher Singh and Jemadars
2nd J and K Rifles.
Ram Khan and Nadko.
Killed in action while
commanding the battalion in
Jassin , Tanganiyka , 1915 in East
Africa.

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Why the Indian soldiers of WW1 were forgotten- Excerpts
from Shashi Throor’s speech.
Approximately 1.3 million Indian soldiers served in World War One, and over 74,000 of them lost
their lives. But history has mostly forgotten these sacrifices, which were rewarded with broken
promises of Indian independence from the British government, writes Shashi Tharoor.

Exactly 100 years after the "guns of August" boomed across the European continent, the world has
been extensively commemorating that seminal event. The Great War, as it was called then, was
described at the time as "the war to end all wars". Ironically, the eruption of an even more
destructive conflict 20 years after the end of this one meant that it is now known as the First World
War. Those who fought and died in the First World War would have had little idea that there would
so soon be a Second.

But while the war took the flower of Europe's youth to its premature grave, snuffing out the lives of
a generation of talented poets, artists, cricketers and others whose genius bled into the trenches, it
also involved soldiers from faraway lands that had little to do with Europe's bitter traditional
hatreds.

The role and sacrifices of Australians, New Zealanders, Canadians and South Africans have been
celebrated for some time in books and novels, and even rendered immortal on celluloid in award-
winning films like Gallipoli. Of the 1.3 million Indian troops who served in the conflict, however, you
hear very little.

As many as 74,187 Indian soldiers died during the war and a comparable number were wounded.
Their stories, and their heroism, have long been omitted from popular histories of the war, or
relegated to the footnotes.

India contributed a number of divisions and brigades to the European, Mediterranean,

Mesopotamian, North African and East African theatres of war. In Europe, Indian soldiers were
among the first victims who suffered the horrors of the trenches. They were killed in droves before
the war was into its second year and bore the brunt of many a German offensive.

It was Indian jawans who stopped the German advance at Ypres in the autumn of 1914, soon after
the war broke out, while the British were still recruiting and training their own forces. Hundreds
were killed in a gallant but futile engagement at Neuve Chappelle. More than 1,000 of them died at
Gallipoli, thanks to Churchill's folly. Nearly 700,000 Indian sepoys (infantry privates) fought in
Mesopotamia against the Ottoman Empire, Germany's ally, many of them Indian Muslims taking up
arms against their co-religionists in defence of the British Empire.

The most painful experiences were those of soldiers fighting in the trenches of Europe. Letters sent
by Indian soldiers in France and Belgium to their family members in their villages back home speak

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an evocative language of cultural dislocation and tragedy. "The shells are pouring like rain in the
monsoon," declared one. "The corpses cover the country, like sheaves of harvested corn," wrote
another.

These men were undoubtedly heroes - pitchforked into battle in unfamiliar lands, in harsh and cold
climatic conditions they were neither used to nor prepared for, fighting an enemy of whom they had
no knowledge, risking their lives every day for little more than pride. Yet they were destined to
remain largely unknown once the war was over: neglected by the British, for whom they fought, and
ignored by their own country, from which they came.

Troops on the beach on Cape Helles as stores are being unloaded during the Gallipoli Campaign

The British, however, went ahead and commemorated the war by constructing the triumphal arch
known as India Gate in New Delhi. India Gate, built in 1931, is a popular monument, visited by
hundreds daily who have no idea that it commemorates the Indian soldiers who lost their lives
fighting in World War One.

The centenary is finally forcing a rethink. Remarkable photographs have been unearthed of Indian
soldiers in Europe and the Middle East, and these are enjoying a new lease of life online. Looking at
them, I find it impossible not to be moved - these young men, visibly so alien to their surroundings,
some about to head off for battle, others nursing terrible wounds. My favourite picture is of a
bearded and turbaned Indian soldier on horseback in Mesopotamia in 1918, leaning over in his
saddle to give his rations to a starving local peasant girl.

When the great British poet Wilfred Owen (author of the greatest anti-war poem in the English
language, Dulce et Decorum Est) was to return to the front to give his life in the futile First World
War, he recited Tagore's Parting Words to his mother as his last goodbye. When he was so tragically
and pointlessly killed, Owen's mother found Tagore's poem copied out in her son's hand in his diary:

When I go from hence

let this be my parting word,

that what I have seen is unsurpassable.

I have tasted of the hidden honey of this lotus

that expands on the ocean of light,

and thus am I blessed

---let this be my parting word.

In this playhouse of infinite forms

I have had my play

and here have I caught sight of him that is formless.

My whole body and my limbs

have thrilled with his touch who is beyond touch;

and if the end comes here, let it come

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- let this be my parting word.

The Indian soldiers who died in the First World War could make no such claim. They gave their
"todays" for someone else's "yesterdays". They left behind orphans, but history has orphaned them
as well. As Imperialism has bitten the dust, it is recalled increasingly for its repression and racism,
and its soldiers, when not reviled, are largely regarded as having served an unworthy cause.

But they were men who did their duty, as they saw it. And they were Indians. It is a matter of quiet
satisfaction that their overdue rehabilitation has now begun.

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 Maharaja Madan Singh Rathore of
Kishangarh - Commanded the
state forces during the World War
1

Rajkumar Hira Singh of

Panna state. He commanded
the state troops during WW 1.

Thakur Prithvi saw action in

the third Afghan War and
World War I.
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 Naik Hari Singh Parihar of
the 7th Rajputs Infantry
Regiment.

H.H. Maharani Shri

Nandkunverba Sahiba,
Bhavnagar.

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 Bhavnagar – H.H. Maharani Shri Nandkunverba Sahiba was also
very active on war front. She was granted CI (the imperial order of
the crown of India) on 12th December 1911 and awarded KIH
(Kaiser-i-Hind) Medal 1st Class on 1st January 1917

The State of Bhavnagar had sent its team of soldiers under the leadership of Col.
Jorawarsingh Gohil. The British Government had praised the service of the soldiers
and their bravery as well as courage. Moreover British Government was helped by
(Bhavnagar) by purchasing war bonds…”

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 Bhavnagar Lancers Lt Col
Bapubha Narainji Gohel,
Bahadur, OBI, IDSM,
Commandant,
Bhavnagar Lancers

“…Ranjitsinh Ji [Navanagar-Jamnagar] himself

went to the western frontier and gave his
service in the 9th Hind regiment of horses under
Gen. Kukson. His three nephews, Lieutenant
Kumar Savaji Sinhji in the battle of Africa,
Lieutenant Kumar Dajirajji who participated in
the battle of France died; and Lieutenant
Himmatsinhji had worked at the forefront in
Mesopotamia. Navanagar State’s … team had
gone to the borders of Karachi and later
Afghanistan. At the encouragement of the His
Highness, the subjects of Navanagar State had
invested Rs 26 lakhs in the war loan…”

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“…In the period 1914-
18, during the
1st World War,
Lakajiraj [Rajkot
State] helped the
British Government
with people and
money. The amount
of help was Rs 1,
64,312. The State had
purchased war bonds
of Rs 53,850 also…”

“…In the 1st World War, the State Morbi had

helped the British Government with both
people and money…”
“…In the 1st World War, the State
(Dhrangadhra) had helped the British
Government in different ways. The State had
invested Rs 9.75 lakhs in the war loan. The
State and the people had made a
contribution of Rs 3.83 lakhs to the war…”

“…Not only had the State (Wankaner) given

monetary help to the British Government
during World War -1 and invested money in
war loan; but His Highness Amarsinghji
himself had given his service for eight months
in the Kathiawar Motor Ambulance Corps in
France between 1915-16…”
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