INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI NASIONAL YOGYAKARTA

MINE GEOTECHNICAL
SOIL & ROCK PROPERTIES

Dr. SUPANDI, S.T., M.T.

Supandi.itny@gmail.com

25-Mar-20
 GEOTEKNIK TAMBANG

Prodi : Teknik Pertambangan Strata 1.

Kode : TAS7601
Mata Kuliah : Geoteknik Tambang
SKS : 2 SKS
Semester : VI
Waktu Perkuliahan : 2 x 50 menit
Dosen Pengampu : Dr. Supandi, S.T., M.T.
Sistem Perkuliahan :
Penilaian : a. Tugas, presentasi dan Diskusi, Quiz, 20%
b. Ujian Tengah Semester (UTS) 30%
c. Ujian akhir semester (UAS) 50%
Range Nilai : Sesuai dengan Kebijakan ITNY
Contact Person : supandi.itny@gmail.com
Telepon : +6285244959090

ITNY
2020 25-Mar-20
 Textbook
1. John Read and Peter Stacey, 2009, Guidelines for Open Pit
Slope Design, CRC Press.
2. William A Hustrulid, Michael K.McCarter and Dirk J.A Van Zyl,
2000, Slope Stability in Surface Mining, Society for Mining
Mettalurgy and Exploration Inc.
3. Ducan C Wyllie & Christopher W Mah, 2007-4th Edition, Rock
Slope Engineering, Spon Press.
4. Charles A Kliche, 1999, Rock Slope Stability, Society for Mining
Mettalurgy and Exploration Inc.
5. E. Hoek & J.W Bray, 1994, Rock Slope Engineering, Institute of
Mining and Metalurgy.
6. Roy E. Hunt, 2007, Geotechnical Investigation Methods, CRC
Press.
7. Roy E Hunt, 2007, Geologic Hazards, CRC Press.
8. Kepmen ESDM No 1827K/30 2018 – Good Mining Practice.
9. KepDirjen 185K 2019.
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2020 25-Mar-20
What does Geo-mechanic Test must we do?

•What does Slope stability analysis will be applied?

1. Kinematic analysis
2. Limit Equilibrium (LEM)
3. Finite element (FEM)
4. Kinematic Analysis

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2020 25-Mar-20
 •Mechanical Test and Basic Properties
Mechanical Properties included
1. Triaxial Test (Uu, Cu, Dc)
2. Uniaxial Compression Strength Test (UCS)
3. Unconfined strength test (UCS)
4. Direct Shear Test
5. Point Load test
6. Etc

Basic Properties
1. Moisture Content
2. Density
3. Specific Gravity
4. Void ration, etc
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2020 25-Mar-20
 Kinematic Analysis

Some of geo-mechanic test required while using

kinematic analysis;

Key of this analysis is cohesion and friction angle

also for density

1. Basic Properties
2. Direct shear test
3. Triaxial test

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2020 25-Mar-20
 Limit Equilibrium Method

Some of geo-mechanic test required while

using Limit Equilibrium method;

Key of this analysis is cohesion, friction angle,

poison ration and young modulus also density

1. Basic Properties
2. Direct shear test
3. Triaxial test
4. Uniaxial Strength test
5. Unconfined strength test
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2020 25-Mar-20
 Finite Element Method

Some of geo-mechanic test required while using

Finite Element Analysis ;

Key of this analysis is cohesion, friction angle,

elasticity and also for density

1. Basic Properties
2. Triaxial test
3. Uniaxial Strength test

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2020 25-Mar-20
Test Categories
1. No destructive (tidak merusak) ; sifat fisik
2. Destructive (merusak) ; Uji Mekanik

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2020 25/03/2020
 Sample Required
Core sample
1. Basic Properties = 5cm
2. Direct shear test = 3x (2 x diameter) + 5cm
3. Triaxial test (3x (2,5 x diameter) + 5cm
4. Uniaxial Strength test (2x (2,5 x diameter) + 5cm
5. Unconfined strength test = 1x (2,5 x diameter) + 5cm

Totally, core sample is required about 50cm

Bulk Sample
Total bulk sample for geo-mechanic testing about 45kg due to the
sample need to be remolded using standard compaction test.
Commonly, compaction test standard about 95%.

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2020 25-Mar-20
 Fracture Rock is Allowed…?

Fracture sample is allowed if;

1. Same lithology
2. Length of each sample about 2,5 x core
diameter
3. Total length of core following minimum core
requirement.

Totally sample required about 50cm for sample area

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2020 25-Mar-20
 Sampling Handling

Standard sample handling is required to keep sample

condition;
1. Wrapping with plastic wrap
2. Wrapping with aluminum foil
3. Put at the hard casing – box
4. Reduce void while putting at the box
5. Labeling

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2020 25-Mar-20
 Basic Properties
Wn
a) Bobot isi asli (natural density) =
Ww − Ws

Wo
b) Bobot isi kering (dry density) =
Ww − Ws

Ws
c) Bobot isi jenuh (saturated density) =
Ww − Ws
Wo
d) Berat jenis semu (apparent specific gravity) = / bobot isi air
Ww − Ws

Wo
e) Berat jenis sejati (true specific gravity) = / bobot isi air
Wo − Ws

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2020 Wn − Wo 25-Mar-20
f) Kadar air asli (natural water content) = x 100%
 Wo
e) Berat jenis sejati (true specific gravity) = / bobot isi air
Wo − Ws

Wn − Wo
f) Kadar air asli (natural water content) = x 100%
Wo

Ww − Wo
g) Saturated water content (absorption) = x100%
Wo

Wn − Wo
h) Derajat kejenuhan = x100%
Ww − Wo

Ww − Wo
i) Porositas, n = x100%
Ws − Ws

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2020 25-Mar-20
 Point Load Test

ITNY Slide 15
2020 25/03/2020
 Point Load Test

ITNY Slide 16
2020 25/03/2020
 Jenis Uji Sifat Mekanik di Laboratorium & Aplikasinya
Jenis Uji Parameter yang diperoleh Penggunaan

Uji kuat tekan - Kuat tekan (sc) - Rancangan pilar

- Batas elastik (sE)
- Modulus Young (E)
- Nisbah Poisson (n)
Uji kuat tarik tak Kuat tarik (st)
langsung
Uji point load - Indeks point load (Is)
- Kuat tekan (sc)
Uji triaksial - Selubung kekuatan batuan
- Kohesi (C)
- Sudut geser dalam (f)
Uji punch shear Kuat geser
Uji geser langsung - Garis kuat geser Coulomb
- Kohesi (C)
- Sudut geser dalam (f)
Uji kecepatan rambat - Kecepatan rambat gelombang tekan
gelombang ultra sonik (vp)
- Kecepatan rambat gelombang geser
(vs)
- Modulus elastistas dinamik (E)
- Nisbah Poisson dinamik (n)
- Kemantapan lubang bukaan
- Kemantapan fondasi
- Kemantapan lereng
- Rancangan penguatan atap
terowongan
- Peledakan
Mengetahui kekuatan batuan secara
cepat
- Kemantapan lereng
- Kemantapan fondasi
- Kemantapan lubang bukaan
- Kemantapan lereng
- Kemantapan bendungan
- Kemantapan lereng
- Kemantapan fondasi
- Kemantapan lubang bukaan
Rancangan penggalian

ITNY Slide 17
2020 25/03/2020
 Triaxial & Uniaxial Test Tesult
TRIAXIAL COMPRESSION TEST ( UU ) (ASTM D.2850 - 87) UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION TEST FOR ELASTIC MODULUS OF ROCK CORE SPECIMEN
ASTM D 3148 - 93
PROJECT MEGAPURA PRIMA INDUSTRI - PLN BATUBARA Date August 16, 2014
PROJECT MEGAPURA PRIMA INDUSTRI - PLN BATUBARA Date of Testing August 19, 2014
LOCATION SALAWATI SORONG - PAPUA BARAT Tested by PT. IKA MALANG LOCATION SALAWATI SORONG - PAPUA BARAT Tested by PT. IKA MALANG
SAMPLE No. BULK SAMPLE I ( REPOSE BANCH ) Depth ( m ) 0 SAMPLE NO BULK SAMPLE I ( REPOSE BANCH ) CONDITION 90% max. dry density on OMC
Sample : Undisturbed / Disturbed Testing method : UU : CU : CU : CD Results
Preconsolidation load : kg/cm² Shearing method : Stress / Strain control Uniaxial
Water Dry Modulus Elasticity Poisson's Axial
Condition of sample : 70% max. dry density on OMC Specific gravity : Wet density Compressive
Content density Axial ( Ea ) Diametral ( Ed ) Ratio Strain Remarks
Test piece No. 1 2 3 4 5 Srength (qu)
ton/m3 % ton/m3 Kpa ton/m2 Kpa ton/m2 Kpa ton/m2 m %
Lateral pressure s3 kg/cm² 1.0 2.0 3.0
0.000 34.421 137.68 14.040 6.253E+03 6.377E+02 3.192E+04 3.255E+03 0.196 2.86
300
Max. Compression Stress s1 kg/cm² 2.063 3.683 5.452

s 1 +s 3
kg/cm² 1.53 2.84 4.23
2
s1 -s 3
kg/cm² 0.53 0.84 1.23
250
2

Total stress Effective stress

Cohesion C ( Kpa) 13.394

Angle of internal friction  14.95 200

( Kpa )
Coeff. of internal friction tan  0.267

Stress
150
5

100
Shear stress ( kg/cm²)

2 50

0
0 -1.50 -1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Diametral Strain ( % ) Axial Strain ( % )
Principal Pressure ( kg/cm²)

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2020 25-Mar-20
 Discussion

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2020 25-Mar-20