LA CONSOLACION UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES

THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF BULACAN

ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION
Third Trimester I Academic Year 2020 – 2021
TEACHING PROFESSION

Group II Written Report

THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF
TEACHING
Sub topics:
The Magna Carta for Public School Teachers (R.A. 4670)
The Education Act of 1982 (B.P. 232)
The Philippines Teachers’ Professionalization Act (R.A. 7836)
Amendments of certain Sections of R.A. 7836 (R.A. 9293)
Decree Professionalizing Teaching (P.D. 1006)

Leader: Miko Eli Santos Members;

Co-Leader: Pia Mae Caparas Armon Alcantara
Mildred Bernardino
Sherilyn De Jomo
Jelaica Domasig
Virginia Estropia
Joven Gatbonton
Marinell Maclid
Jacquiline Ochoa
Jenina Reyes

Submitted to: Dr. Divina Ann Eusebio

Professor
Topic: THE SALIENT FEATURES OF RA 4670
Prepared by: Virginia Estropia and Sherilyn De Jomo

PROTECTING OURSELVES WITH R.A. 4670 - THE MAGNA CARTA FOR PUBLIC
SCHOOL TEACHERS

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS MAGNA CARTA FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS?

A policy that aims to promote and improve:
 The social and economic status of public-school teachers
 Their living and working condition.
 Their terms of employment and career prospects in order that they may compare
favourably with existing opportunities in other walks of life.

WHY IS THERE R.A. 4670?

 Attract and retain in the teaching profession more people with the proper qualifications
 Because advancement in education depends on the qualifications and ability of the
teaching staff
 Education is an essential factor in the economic growth of the nation as a productive
investment of vital importance.
Section 1. Declaration of Policy

FOR WHOM IS R.A. 4670?

For all public-school teachers except those in the professorial staff of state colleges and
universities.

"Teacher" shall mean all persons engaged in classroom teaching, in any level of instruction, on
full-time basis, including guidance counsellors, school librarians, industrial arts or vocational
instructors, and all other persons performing supervisory and/or administrative functions in all
schools, colleges and universities operated by the Government or its political subdivisions; but
shall not include school nurses, school physicians, school dentists, and other school employees.
Section 2. Title Definition
RECRUITMENT AND CAREER
the following shall constitute the minimum educational qualifications for teacher-applicants.
POSITION REQUIREMENT
Kindergarten and Bachelor's degree in Elementary Education (B.S.E.ED.)
elementary grades
Secondary schools Bachelor's degree in Education or its equivalent with a major and
a minor
Bachelor's degree in Arts or Science with at least eighteen
professional units in Education
 Secondary vocational and Bachelor's degree in the field of specialization with at least
two years technical eighteen professional units in education
courses
Collegiate level Other than vocational, master's degree with a specific area of
specialization
Temporary and In case applicants do not meet the minimum educational
provisional status qualifications.
 Required to take competitive examinations.
 Results of the examinations shall be made public, and
every applicant shall be furnished with his score and rank
in said examinations.

In case applicants possess minimum educational qualifications but

lacks civil service eligibility:
 Provisional status for not less than 1 year from the date of
his provisional appointment.
 Shall be extended permanent appointment for the
position he is holding after having rendered at least
ten years of service in position.
Section 3. Recruitment and Qualification

CONSENT FOR TRANSFER TRANSPORTATION EXPENSES

 No teacher shall be transferred without his consent from one station to another. (Section
6. Consent for Transfer Transportation Expenses)
 Exigencies of the service require the transfer of a teacher from one station to
another.
 Transfer may be affected by the school superintendent.
 Notify the teacher concerned of the transfer and the reason or reasons.
 If the teacher believes there is no justification for the transfer, he may appeal his
case to the Director of Public Schools or the Director of Vocational Education
 Pending his appeal and the decision thereon, his transfer shall be held in
abeyance.
 Necessary transfer expenses of the teacher and his family shall be paid for by the
Government if his transfer is finally approved.
 No transfers whatever shall be made three months before any local or national
election.

SAFEGUARDS IN DISCIPLINARY PROCEDURE

 Every teacher shall enjoy equitable safeguards.
 The right to be informed, in writing, of the charges.
 the right to full access to the evidence in the case
 the right to defend himself and to be defended by a representative of his choice
and/or by his organization, adequate time being given to the teacher for the
preparation of his defines; and
  The right to appeal to clearly designated authorities.
 No publicity shall be given to any disciplinary action being taken against a teacher during
the pendency of his case.

ADMINISTRATIVE CHARGES
 Administrative charges against a teacher shall be heard initially by a committee
composed of the corresponding School Superintendent of the Division or a duly
authorized representative who should at least have the rank of a division supervisor,
where the teacher belongs, as chairman, a representative of the local or, in its absence,
any existing provincial or national teacher's organization and a supervisor of the Division,
the last two to be designated by the Director of Public Schools
 The committee shall submit its findings and recommendations to the Director of Public
Schools within thirty days from the termination of the hearings.
 If the school superintendent is the complainant or an interested party, all the members of
the committee shall be appointed by the Secretary of Education.

MARRIED TEACHERS
 Whenever possible, the proper authorities shall take all steps to enable married couples,
both of whom are public school teachers, to be employed in the same locality.
 Teachers shall enjoy academic freedom in the discharge of their professional duties,
particularly with regard to teaching and classroom methods.

ACADEMIC FREEDOM
Teachers shall enjoy academic freedom in the discharge of their professional duties, particularly
with regard to teaching and classroom methods.

TEACHER’S RIGHTS IN WORK HOURS & REMUNERATION

 In actual classroom instruction shall not be required to render more than six hours of
actual classroom teaching a day, which shall be so scheduled as to give him time for the
preparation and correction of exercises and other work incidental to his normal teaching
duties.
 That where the exigencies of the service so require, any teacher may be required
to render more than six hours but not exceeding eight hours of actual classroom
teaching a day upon payment of additional compensation at the same rate as his
regular remuneration plus at least twenty-five per cent of his basic pay.
 Education authorities shall refuse to allow the rendition of services of teachers for other
government agencies without the assurance that the teachers shall be paid the
remuneration provided for under this section.

ACTIVITIES/ TASKS DONE BY REMUNERATION

TEACHERS
 co-curricular and out of school activities At least twenty-five per cent of his regular
and any other activities outside of what is remuneration after the teacher has completed at
defined as normal duties of any teacher least six hours of actual classroom teaching a day.

not engaged in actual classroom Additional compensation of at least twenty-five

instruction, any work performed in per cent of their regular remuneration.
excess of eight hours a day
CRITERIA FOR SALARIES
 They shall compare favorably with those paid in other occupations requiring
equivalent or similar qualifications, training, and abilities.
 they shall be such as to insure teachers a reasonable standard of life for
themselves and their families.
 they shall be properly graded so as to recognize the fact that certain positions
require higher qualifications and greater responsibility than others.
 the general salary scale shall be such that the relation between the lowest
and highest salaries paid in the profession will be of reasonable order.
Narrowing of the salary scale shall be achieved by raising the lower end of
the salary scales relative to the upper end.
SALARY SCALE
Salary scales of teachers shall provide for a gradual progression from a minimum to a
maximum salary by means of regular increments, granted automatically after three years:
Provided, That the efficiency rating of the teacher concerned is at least satisfactory. The
progression from the minimum to the maximum of the salary scale shall not extend over
a period of ten years.

Salient Features of Magna Carta for Public School Teachers

As teachers’ efforts are being recognized in building the nation, an Act was passed into law to
look after the welfare of the public school teachers and to promote, improve, and secure the
professional rights of a teacher—known to be the Republic Act (RA) 4670 or Magna Carta for
Public School Teachers.
The Magna Carta for Public School Teachers aims to improve the social and economic status of
public school teachers in basic education, their living and working conditions, employment, and
career prospects.

1. It attracts and retains in the teaching profession people with the proper qualifications.
2. It strengthens the stability of the teaching profession in the public school system.
3. This act applies to all public school teachers except those in the professorial staff of state
colleges and universities.
4. Be aware of existing laws and regulations that apply to the teaching profession.
5. Review personal teaching practices using existing laws and regulations that apply to the
teaching profession.
6.
Objectives:

1. Demonstrate awareness on the Magna Carta of Public School Teachers in Basic

Education and your professional rights, opportunities, benefits, and responsibilities.
2. Reflect on the personal teaching practice in relation to the relevant provisions of the
Magna Carta.

Sec. 17. Equality in Salary Scales. The salary scales of teachers whose salaries are appropriated
by a city, municipal, municipal district, or provincial government, shall not be less than those
provided for teachers of the National Government.
This section has a proposed amendment that instead of shall not be less than those provided for
teachers of the National Government to shall be an EQUAL AMOUNT to those provided for
teachers of the National Government.
 Teachers employed by the LGUs should also given importance and treated equally by the
National Government
In cases where LGU teachers’ salaries are less than the national rate, the national government
shall provide subsidy to cover the difference. However, the hiring guidelines set by the DepEd
shall be observed.
Sec. 18. Cost of Living Allowance. Teacher’s salaries shall, at the very least, keep pace with the
rise in the cost of living by the payment of a cost-of-living allowance which shall automatically
follow changes in a cost-of-living index. The Secretary of Education shall, in consultation with
the proper government entities, recommend to Congress, at least annually, the appropriation of
the necessary funds for the cost-of-living allowances of teachers employed by the National
Government. The determination of the cost-of-living allowances by the Secretary of Education
shall, upon approval of the President of the Philippines, be binding on the city, municipal or
provincial government, for the purposes of calculating the cost-of-living allowances of teachers
under its employ.
A cost-of-living allowance shall be paid to the teachers which shall automatically follow the
consumer price index as determined by the appropriate government agency.This will rationalize
the determination of the amount of the cost-of-living allowance.

Sec. 19. Special Hardship Allowances. In areas in which teachers are exposed to hardship such
as difficulty in commuting to the place of work or other hazards peculiar to the place of
employment, as determined by the Secretary of Education, they shall be compensated special
hardship allowances equivalent to at least twenty-five per cent of their monthly salary.
Hardship/Hazard allowance shall be paid to teachers who are exposed to hardship such as
difficulty in commuting to the place of work or other hazards peculiar to the place of
employment, as determined by the Secretary of Education, in consultation with proper
authorities and in accordance with existing accounting and auditing rules and regulations.

Sec. 20. Salaries to be Paid in Legal Tender. Salaries of teachers shall be paid in legal tender
of the Philippines or its equivalent in checks or treasury warrants. Provided, however, That such
checks or treasury warrants shall be cashable in any national, provincial, city or municipal
treasurer’s office or any banking institutions operating under the laws of the Republic of the
Philippines.
There shall be a Trust Fund for basic education teachers to serve as financial assistance, subject
to the policies and rules provided in the Implementing Rules and Regulation.

Sec. 21. Deductions Prohibited. No person shall make any deduction whatsoever from the
salaries of teachers except under specific authority of law authorizing such deductions: Provided,
however, That upon written authority executed by the teacher concerned, (1) lawful dues and
fees owing to the Philippine Public School Teachers Association, and (2) premiums properly due
on insurance policies, shall be considered deductible.
Most teachers borrow money not only in GSIS and Pag-Ibig but also from lending institutions
due to low salaries. Their salaries are not sufficient to support their families’ basic needs and
tuition fees of their children.

IV. HEALTH MEASURES AND INJURY BENEFITS

Sec. 22. Medical Examination and Treatment. Compulsory medical examination shall be
provided free of charge for all teachers before they take up teaching, and shall be repeated not
less than once a year during the teacher’s professional life. Where medical examination show
that medical treatment and/or hospitalization is necessary, same shall be provided free by the
government entity paying the salary of the teachers.
In regions where there is scarcity of medical facilities, teachers may obtain elsewhere the
necessary medical care with the right to be reimbursed for their traveling expenses by the
government entity concerned in the first paragraph of this Section.
It shall be provided free of charge for all teachers and shall be done annually. In this case,
teachers shall be provided additional health insurance by the Department of Education.

Sec. 23. Compensation For Injuries. Teachers shall be protected against the consequences of
employment injuries in accordance with existing laws. The effects of the physical and nervous
strain on the teacher’s health shall be recognized as a compensable occupational disease in
accordance with existing laws.
Teachers shall be duly compensated for injuries sustained that are service connected.

V. LEAVE AND RETIREMENT BENEFITS

Sec. 24. Study Leave. In addition to the leave privileges now enjoyed by teachers in the public
schools, they shall be entitled to study leave not exceeding one school year after seven years of
service. Such leave shall be granted in accordance with a schedule set by the Department of
Education. During the period of such leave, the teachers shall be entitled to at least sixty per cent
of their monthly salary: Provided, however, That no teacher shall be allowed to accumulate more
than one year study leave, unless he needs an additional semester to finish his thesis for a
graduate study in education or allied courses: Provided, further, That no compensation shall be
due the teacher after the first year of such leave. In all cases, the study leave period shall be
counted for seniority and pension purposes.
The compensation allowed for one year study leave as herein provided shall be subject to the
condition that the teacher takes the regular study load and passes at least seventy-five per cent of
his courses. Study leave of more than one year may be permitted by the Secretary of Education
but without compensation.
Other leave benefits of teachers, such as Study Leave and Indefinite Sick Leave are covered by
Sections 24 and 25 of Republic Act 4670, or the Magna Carta for Public School Teachers.
Study Leave not exceeding one school year may be granted to teachers who have rendered at
least seven years in service. A teacher shall be entitled to at least 65% of his monthly salary
provided he takes regular study load and passes at least 75% of the courses. Study leave of more
than one year shall be permitted by the DepEd Secretary but without compensation.
Sec. 25. Indefinite Leave. An indefinite sick leave of absence shall be granted to teachers when
the nature of the illness demands a long treatment that will exceed one year at the least.
Indefinite Leave is granted to teachers when the nature of the illness demands a long treatment
that will exceed one year at the least. A teacher applying for Indefinite Sick Leave of Absence
should submit a medical certificate (CS Form 41) and Application for Leave (CS Form 6) stating
the approximate maximum number of days the teacher expects to be on leave, subject to change
as the government physician may recommend.
When funds are not available for the grant of additional compensation or overtime pay, vacation
service credits may be granted for services rendered beyond the required working hours during
school days, which is exclusive of the 15-day limitation under DepEd Order No. 53, s. 2003.
Teachers who are designated to perform non-teaching functions and who render the same hours
of service as other employees shall be entitled to vacation and sick leave as provided under CSC
MC No. 41, s. 1998.

Sec. 26. Salary Increase upon Retirement. Public school teachers having fulfilled the age and
service requirements of the applicable retirement laws shall be given one range salary raise upon
retirement, which shall be the basis of the computation of the lump sum of the retirement pay and
the monthly benefits thereafter.
For further guidance, the provision of one (1) salary grade increase upon retirement provided in
the Magna Carta, shall take effect on the last day of service of the retiring public school
teachers.

VI. TEACHER’S ORGANIZATION

Sec. 27. Freedom to Organize. Public school teachers shall have the right to freely and without
previous authorization both to establish and to join organizations of their choosing, whether local
or national to further and defend their interests.
Participation in organization activities is allowed outside school hours or with consent from the
school authorities if within school hours.
Also, included in The Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers Art. VI sec. 4. Teachers are
allowed to seek redress against injustice to the administration, they shall, however, avoid
jeopardizing the interest and welfare of the learners whose right to learn must be respected
If the participation is done during school hours, a return to work order or memorandum may be
issued by our school head to remind us of the possible consequence of joining the mass action.
Joining any organization is our right. But let us also keep in mind that any grievance or
administrative complaint shall be conducted within an acceptable democratic process.
Sec. 28. Discrimination Against Teachers Prohibited. The rights established in the
immediately preceding Section shall be exercised without any interference or coercion. It shall
be unlawful for any person to commit any acts of discrimination against teachers which are
calculated to (a) make the employment of a teacher subject to the condition that he shall not join
an organization, or shall relinquish membership in an organization, (b) to cause the dismissal of
or otherwise prejudice a teacher by reason of his membership in an organization or because of
participation in organization activities outside school hours, or with the consent of the proper
school authorities, within school hours, and (c) to prevent him from carrying out the duties laid
upon him by his position in the organization, or to penalize him for an action undertaken in that
capacity.
There are some organization experiencing discrimination. This one is The Alliance of Concerned
Teachers (ACT-Teachers). the It is the largest non-traditional teachers' organization in the
country, and campaigns for the economic and political rights of teachers and other education
workers as well as on wider social and political issues.The Alliance of Concerned
Teachers (ACT-Teachers) is a progressive and militant national democratic mass
organization of teachers, academics, and other education workers in the Philippines, established
on June 26, 1982.
The Militant teacher’s group Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT) who asked the government
to stop discriminating its members from rendering election services.

In a statement, the group noted “over the last few weeks, teacher-unionists under the Alliance of
Concerned Teachers (ACT) have reported alarming cases of disinformation in various regions,
where some local officials of the Department of Education (DepEd) have been declaring the
ineligibility of ACT union members to serve as part of the Board of Election Inspectors (BEIs) in
the upcoming midterm polls.
ACT national chairperson Joselyn Martinez asserted the outright singling out of ACT members
in election service has no legal basis saying no law or policy allows for the wholesale
disqualification of BEI members especially not on the grounds of their affiliation to any
organization, as such would be a case of political discrimination prohibited by the law.

Sec. 29. National Teacher’s Organizations. National teachers’ organizations shall be consulted
in the formulation of national educational policies and professional standards, and in the
formulation of national policies governing the social security of the teachers.
NATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS

 an organization for Filipino educators and is considered as the only integrated

and accredited association of professional teachers
 recognized by the Board for Professional and the Professional Regulation
Commission
Other organization that aims to help the Teaching Profession

1. JUNIOR EDUCATORS ASSOCIATION

• An organization catering to students who study teacher education • Members are from
various schools located in Cebu City
2. PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION FOR TEACHER EDUCATION
• an organization for teacher educators which aims to promote the professional
development of teachers
• composed of teacher leaders who are focused in continuing education, innovations and
scholarly works-increasing the competency of Filipino teachers
OBJECTIVES OF PAFTE
• To promote and maintain unity, professionalism and excellence among teacher Educators,
Teacher Education Institutions, and Professional Teachers;
• To raise and maintain standards of teacher education and enhance the nobility of the
teaching profession through effective leadership and enlightened fellowship;
• To stimulate, support, and undertake researches, studies and other scholarly works and
innovation that will contribute to the improvement of teacher education, and disseminate new
knowledge, information and materials through publications, seminars, workshops, lectures,
conferences, and other forms of continuing professional education activities;
• To serve as partner of the Philippine government in promoting national development
through pre-service and in-service teacher education.

3. READING ASSOCIATION OF THE PHILIPPINES

• Established in 1970
• is the national affiliate of the International Reading Association (IRA)
• aims to improve and promote reading in the Philippines by helping students and
teachers hone their communication skills and language strategies
4. UNESCO
• United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
• Its purpose is to contribute to peace and security by promoting international
collaboration through education, science, and culture in order to further universal
respect for justice, the rule of law, and human rights along with fundamental freedom
proclaimed in the UN Charter
5. NETWORK OF OUTSTANDING TEACHERS AND EDUCATORS
• an honor society composed of the winners of the Metrobank Foundation's Search for
Outstanding Teachers
• Organized in 1997, NOTED is committed to nurturing a culture of excellence and
service among educators through research, publications, professional development, and
advocacy in partnership with government and non-government organizations
6. THE PHILIPPINE E-LEARNING SOCIETY
• founded on July 30, 2003
• objective of promoting substantive content, appropriate pedagogy, and appropriate use
of technology for eLearning, guided by ongoing research activities
VII. ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT
Sec. 30. Rules and Regulations. The Secretary of Education shall formulate and prepare the
necessary rules and regulations to implement the provisions of this Act. Rules and regulations
issued pursuant to this Section shall take effect thirty days after publication in a newspaper of
general circulation and by such other means as the Secretary of Education deems reasonably
sufficient to give interested parties general notice of such issuance.

Sec. 31. Budgetary Estimates. The Secretary of Education shall submit to Congress annually
the necessary budgetary estimates to implement the provisions of the Act concerning the benefits
herein granted to public school teachers under the employ of the National Government.
The Magna Carta did not improve the socio -economic well being of teachers due to lack of
funds; hence there is a need to outsource funds to ensure the implementation of this Act.
Sec. 32. Penal Provision. A person who shall willfully interfere with, restrain or coerce any
teacher in the exercise of his rights guaranteed by this Act or who shall in any other manner
commit any act to defeat any of the provisions of this Act shall, upon conviction, be punished by
a fine of not less than one hundred pesos nor more than one thousand pesos, or by imprisonment,
in the discretion of the court.
The penalties have been increased to put more teeth to the law and to ensure its full
implementation.

Sec. 33. Repealing Clause. All Acts or parts of Acts, executive orders and their implementing
rules inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed, amended or modified
accordingly.

Sec. 34. Separability. Clause. If any provision of this Act is declared invalid, the remainder of
this Act or any provisions not affected thereby shall remain in force and in effect.

Sec. 35. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.

Approved: June 18, 1966

Reflection:
In the Department of Education, we are saddened to hear news of malpractices of teachers in the
profession. Let us uplift ourselves and our profession.
Topic: THE EDUCATION ACT OF 1982 (B.P.232) & TEACHERS AS PERSONS IN
AUTHORITY (C.A.578)
Prepared by: Joven Gatbonton and Jacquiline Ochoa

Batas Pambansa Blg. 232

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF AN
INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 shall be known as "Education Act of 1982.
Toward this end, the government shall ensure, within the context of a free and democratic
system, maximum contribution of the educational system to the attainment of the following
national developmental goals:

1. To achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of economic development and social

progress;
2. To ensure the maximum participation of all the people in the attainment and enjoyment
of the benefits of such growth; and
3. To achieve and strengthen national unity and consciousness and preserve, develop and
promote desirable cultural, moral and spiritual values in a changing world.

The educational system aim to:

1. Provide for a broad general education that will assist each individuals in the peculiar
ecology of his own society, to

(a) attain his potentials as a human being;

(b) enhance the range and quality of individual and group participation in the
basic functions of society; and
(c) acquire the essential educational foundation of his development into a
productive and versatile citizen;

2. Train the nation's manpower in the middle-level skills for national development;
3. Develop the profession that will provide leadership for the nation in the advancement
of knowledge for improving the quality of human life; and
4. Respond effectively to changing needs and conditions of the nation through a system
of educational planning and evaluation.

The State shall:

1. Aid and support the natural right and duty of parents in the rearing of the youth
through the educational system.
2. Promote and safeguard the welfare and interest of the students by defining their rights
and obligations, according them privileges, and encouraging the establishment of sound
relationships between them and the other members of the school community.
 3. Promote the social economic status of all school personnel, uphold their rights, define
their obligations, and improve their living and working conditions and career prospects.
4. Extend support to promote the viability of those institutions through which parents,
students and school personnel seek to attain their educational goals.

The members and elements of the educational community are:

1. "Parents" or guardians or the head of the institution or foster home which has custody
of the pupil or student.
2. "Students," or those enrolled in and who regularly attend and educational institution of
secondary or higher level of a person engaged in formal study. "Pupils," are those who
regularly attend a school of elementary level under the supervision and tutelage of a
teacher.
3 "School personnel," or all persons working for an educational institution, which
includes the following:

a. "Teaching or academic staff," or all persons engaged in actual teaching and/or

research assignments, either on full-time or part-time basis, in all levels of the
educational system.
b. "School administrators," or all persons occupying policy implementing
positions having to do with the functions of the school in all levels.
c. "Academic non-teaching personnel," or those persons holding some academic
qualifications and performing academic functions directly supportive of teaching,
such as registrars, librarians, research assistants, research aides, and similar staff.
d. "Non-academic personnel," or all other school personnel not falling under the
definition and coverage of teaching and academic staff, school administrators and
academic non-teaching personnel.

4. "Schools," or institutions recognized by the State which undertake educational

operations.

Rights of Parents - In addition to other rights under existing laws, all parents who have children
enrolled in a school have the following rights:

1. The right to organize by themselves and/or with teachers for the purpose of providing a
forum for the discussion of matters relating to the total school program, and for ensuring
the full cooperation of parents and teachers in the formulation and efficient
implementation of such programs.
2. The right to access to any official record directly relating to the children who are under
their parental responsibility.

Right of Students in School - In addition to other rights, and subject to the limitation prescribed
by law and regulations, and student and pupils in all schools shall enjoy the following rights:
 1. The right to receive, primarily through competent instruction, relevant quality
education in line with national goals and conducive to their full development as person
with human dignity.
2. The right to freely chose their field of study subject to existing curricula and to
continue their course therein up to graduation, except in cases of academic deficiency, or
violation of disciplinary regulations.
3. The right to school guidance and counseling services for decisions and selecting the
alternatives in fields of work suited to his potentialities.
4. The right of access to his own school records, the confidentiality of which the school
shall maintain and preserve.
5. The right to the issuance of official certificates, diplomas, transcript of records, grades,
transfer credentials and other similar documents within thirty days from request.
6. The right to publish a student newspaper and similar publications, as well as the right
to invite resource persons during assemblies, symposia and other activities of similar
nature.
7. The right to free expression of opinions and suggestions, and to effective channels of
communication with appropriate academic channels and administrative bodies of the
school or institution.
8. The right to form, establish, join and participate in organizations and societies
recognized by the school to foster their intellectual, cultural, spiritual and physical growth
and development, or to form, establish, join and maintain organizations and societies for
purposes not contrary to law.
9. The right to be free from involuntary contributions, except those approved by their
own he organizations or societies.

Rights of all School Personnel - In addition to other rights provided for by law, the following
rights shall be enjoyed by all school personnel:

1. The right to free expression of opinion and suggestions, and to effective channels of
communication with appropriate academic and administrative bodies of the school or
institution.
2. The right to be provided with free legal service by the appropriate government office in
the case of public school personnel, and through the school authorities concerned in the
case of private school personnel, when charged in an administrative, civil and/or criminal
proceedings by parties other than the school or regulatory authorities concerned for
actions committed directly in the lawful discharge of professional duties and/or in
defense of school policies.
3. The right to establish, join and maintain labor organizations and/or professional and
self-regulating organizations of their choice to promote their welfare and defend their
interests.
4. The right to be free from involuntary contributions except those imposed by their own
organizations.

Special Rights and/or Privileges of Teaching or Academic Staff - Further to the rights mentioned
in the preceding Section, every member of the teaching or academic staff shall enjoy the
following rights and/or privileges:
 1. The right to be free from compulsory assignments not related to their duties as defined
in their appointments or employment contracts, unless compensated therefor,
conformably to existing law.
2. The right to intellectual property consistent with applicable laws.
3. Teachers shall be deemed persons in authority when in the discharge of lawful duties
and responsibilities, and shall, therefore, be accorded due respect and protection.
4. Teachers shall be accorded the opportunity to choose alternative career lines either in
school administration, in classroom teaching, or others, for purposes of career
advancement.

Special Rights of School Administration - School administrators shall, in accordance with

existing laws, regulations and policies of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports, be
accorded sufficient administrative discretion necessary for the efficient and effective
performance of their functions.
Rights of Schools - In addition to other rights provided for by law, schools shall enjoy the
following:

1. The right of their governing boards or lawful authorities to provide for the proper
governance of the school and to adopt and enforce administrative or management
systems.
2. The right for institutions of higher learning to determine on academic grounds who
shall be admitted to study, who may teach, and what shall be subjects of the study and
research.

Duties of Parents. - In addition to those provided for under existing laws, all parents shall have
the following duties and obligations:

1. Parents, individually or collectively, through the school systems, shall help carry out
the educational objectives in accordance with national goals.
2. Parents shall be obliged to enable their children to obtain elementary education and
shall strive to enable them to obtain secondary and higher education in the pursuance of
the right formation of the youth.
3. Parents shall cooperate with the school in the implementation of the school program
curricular and co-curricular.

Duties and Responsibilities of Students - In addition to those provided for under existing laws,
every student shall:

1. Exert his utmost to develop his potentialities for service, particularly by undergoing an
education suited to his abilities, in order that he may become an asset to his family and to
society.
2. Uphold the academic integrity of the school, endeavor to achieve academic excellence
and abide by the rules and regulations governing his academic responsibilities and moral
integrity.
 3. Promote and maintain the peace and tranquility of the school by observing the rules
and discipline, and by exerting efforts to attain harmonious relationships with fellow
students, the teaching and academic staff and other school personnel.
4. Participate actively in civic affairs and in the promotion of the general welfare,
particularly in the social, economic and cultural development of his community and in the
attainment of a just, compassionate and orderly society.
5. Exercise his rights responsibly in the knowledge that he is answerable for any
infringement or violation of the public welfare and of the rights of others.

Teacher's Obligations - Every teacher shall:

1. Perform his duties to the school by discharging his responsibilities in accordance with
the philosophy, goals, and objectives of the school.
2. Be accountable for the efficient and effective attainment of specified learning
objectives in pursuance of national development goals within the limits of available
school resources.
3. Render regular reports on performance of each student and to the latter and the latter's
parents and guardians with specific suggestions for improvement.
4. Assume the responsibility to maintain and sustain his professional growth and
advancement and maintain professionalism in his behavior at all times.
5. Refrain from making deductions in students' scholastic rating for acts that are clearly
not manifestations of poor scholarship.
6. Participate as an agent of constructive social, economic, moral, intellectual, cultural
and political change in his school and the community within the context of national
policies.

School Administrators' Obligations - Every school administrator shall:

1. Perform his duties to the school by discharging his responsibilities in accordance with
the philosophy, goals and objectives of the school.
2. Be accountable for the efficient and effective administration and management of the
school.
3. Develop and maintain a healthy school atmosphere conducive to the promotion and
preservation of academic freedom and effective teaching and learning, and to harmonious
and progressive school-personnel relationship.
4. Assume and maintain professional behavior in his work and in dealing with students,
teachers, academic non-teaching personnel, administrative staff, and parents or guardians.
5. Render adequate reports to teachers, academic non-teaching personnel and non-
academic staff on their actual performance in relation to their expected performance and
counsel them on ways of improving the same.
6. Observe due process, fairness, promptness, privacy, constructiveness and consistency
in disciplining his teachers and other personnel.
7. Maintain adequate records and submit required reports to the Ministry of Education,
Culture and Sports.
Obligations of Academic Non-Teaching Personnel - Academic non-teaching personnel shall:

1. Improve himself professionally be keeping abreast of the latest trends and techniques
in his profession.
2. Assume, promote and maintain an atmosphere conducive to service and learning.
3. Promote and maintain an atmosphere conducive to service and learning.

Formal Educational" refers to the hierarchically structured and chronologically graded learning
organized and provided by the formal school system and for which certification is required in
order for the learner to progress through the grades or move to higher levels. Formal education
shall correspond to the following levels:

1. Elementary Education. - the first stage of compulsory, formal education primarily

concerned with providing basic education and usually corresponding to six or seven
grades, including pre-school programs.
2. Secondary Education. - the state of formal education following the elementary level
concerned primarily with continuing basic education and expanding it to include the
learning of employable gainful skills, usually corresponding to four years of high school.
3. Tertiary Education. - post secondary schooling is higher education leading to a degree
in a specific profession or discipline.

Objectives of Elementary Education - The objectives of elementary education are:

1. To provide the knowledge and develop the skills, attitudes, and values essential to
personal development and necessary for living in and contributing to a developing and
changing social milieu;
2. To provide learning experiences which increase the child's awareness of and
responsiveness to the changes in and just demands of society and to prepare him for
constructive and effective involvement;
3. To promote and intensify the child's knowledge of, identification with, and love for the
nation and the people to which he belongs; and
4. To promote work experiences which develop the child's orientation to the world of
work and creativity and prepare himself to engage in honest and gainful work.

Objectives of Secondary Education. - The objectives of secondary education are:

1. To continue to promote the objectives of elementary education; and

2. To discover and enhance the different aptitudes and interests of the students so as to
equip him with skills for productive endeavor and/or prepare him for tertiary schooling.

Objective of Tertiary Education. - The objectives of tertiary education are:

1. To provide a general education program that will promote national identity, cultural
consciousness, moral integrity and spiritual vigor;
2. To train the nation's manpower in the skills required for national development;
3. To develop the professions that will provide leadership for the nation; and
 4. To advance knowledge through research work and apply new knowledge for
improving the quality of human life and responding effectively to changing societal needs
and conditions.

Specialized Educational Service

1. "Work Education," or "Practical Arts," as a program of basic education which aims to

develop the right attitudes towards work; and "technical-vocational education," post-
secondary but non-degree programs leading to one, two, or three year certificates in
preparation for a group of middle-level occupations.
2. "Special Education," the education of persons who are physically, mentally,
emotionally, socially, or culturally different from the so-called "normal" individuals that
they require modification of school practices/services to develop them to their maximum
capacity; and
3. "Non-formal Education," any organized school-based educational activities undertaken
by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports and other agencies aimed at attaining
specific learning objectives for a particular clientele, especially the illiterates and the out-
of-school youth and adults, distinct from and outside the regular offerings of the formal
school system.

Establishment of Schools - All schools shall be established in accordance with law.

1. "Schools" are duly established institutions of learning or educational institutions.

2. "Public Schools" are educational institutions established and administered by the
government.
3. "Private Schools" are educational institutions maintained and administered by private
individuals or groups.

Recognition of Schools - The educational operations of schools shall be subject to their prior
authorization of the government, and shall be affected by recognition. In the case of government
operated schools, whether local, regional, or national, recognition of educational programs
and/or operations shall be deemed granted simultaneously with establishment.
Organization of Schools - Each school shall establish such internal organization as will best
enable it to carry out its academic and administrative functions, subject to limitations provided
by law.
Governing Board - Every government college or university as a tertiary institution and every
private school shall have a governing board pursuant to its charter or the Corporation Code of the
Philippines, as the case may be.
Personnel Transactions - The terms and conditions of employment of personnel in government
schools shall be governed by the Civil Service, budgetary and compensation laws and rules.
National Funds - Public school shall continue to be funded from national funds: Provided, That
local governments shall be encouraged to assume operation of local public schools on the basis
of national fund participation and adequate revenue sources which may be assigned by the
national government for the purpose.
Financial Aid Assistance to Public Secondary Schools - The national government shall extend
financial aid and assistance to public secondary schools established and maintained by local
governments, including barangay high schools.
Share of Local Government - Provinces, cities and municipalities and barangays shall
appropriate funds in their annual budgets for the operation and maintenance of public secondary
schools on the basis of national fund participation.
Special Education Fund - The proceeds of the Special Education Fund accruing to local
governments shall be used exclusively for the purposes enumerated in Section 1 of Republic Act
No. 5447, and in accordance with rules and regulations issued by the Ministry of Education,
Culture and Sports and the Ministry of the Budget. Said proceeds shall be considered a local
fund and shall be subject to Presidential Decrees No. 477, Presidential Decree No. 1375 and
other applicable local budget laws and regulations.
Tuition and other School Fees - Secondary and post-secondary schools may charge tuition and
other school fees, in order to improve facilities or to accommodate more students.
Income from other Sources - Government-supported educational institution may receive grants,
legacies, donations and gifts for purposes allowed by existing laws.
Funding of Private Schools - Private schools may be funded from their capital investment or
equity contributions, tuition fees and other school charges, grants, loans, subsidies, passive
investment income and income from other sources.
Government Assistance - The government, in recognition of their complementary role in the
educational system, may provide aid to the programs of private schools in the form of grants or
scholarships, or loans from government financial institutions: Provided, That such programs
meet certain defined educational requirements and standards and contribute to the attainment of
national development goals.
Tuition and Other Fees - Each private school shall determine its rate of tuition and other school
fees or charges. The rates and charges adopted by schools pursuant to this provision shall be
collectible, and their application or use authorized, subject to rules and regulations promulgated
by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports.
Income from Other Sources - Any private school duly recognized by the government, may
receive any grant and legacy, donation, gift, bequest or devise from any individual, institution,
corporation, foundation, trust of philanthropic organization, or research institution or
organization as may be authorized by law.
Furthermore, private schools are authorized to engage in any auxiliary enterprise to generate
income primarily to finance their educational operations and/or to reduce the need to increase
students' fees.
Institutional Funds - The proceeds from tuition fees and other school charges, as well as other
income of schools, shall be treated as institutional funds. Schools may pool their institutional
funds, in whole or in part, under joint management for the purpose of generating additional
financial resources.

INCENTIVES TO EDUCATION

Relating to School Property - Real property, such as lands, buildings and other improvements
thereon used actually, directly and exclusively for educational purposes shall be subject to the
real property tax based on an assessment of fifteen per cent of the market value of such property.
Relating to Gifts or Donations to Schools - All gifts or donation in favor of any school, college
or university recognized by the Government shall not be subject to tax.
Relating to Earnings from Established Scholarship Funds - All earnings from the investment of
any duly established scholarship fund of any school recognized by the government, constituted
from gifts to the school, and/or from contributions or other resources assigned to said fund by the
school, if said earnings are actually used to fund additional scholarship grants to financially
deserving students shall be exempt from tax until the scholarship fund is fully liquidated, when
the outstanding balance thereof shall be subject to tax.
School Dispersal Program - All gains realized from the sale, disposition or transfer of property,
real or personal, of any duly established private school, college or university, in pursuance of a
school dispersal program of the government or of the educational institution as approved by the
government, shall be considered exempt from tax if the total proceeds of the sale are reinvested
in a new or existing duly established school, college, or university located in the dispersal site,
within one (1) year from the date of such sale, transfer or disposition; otherwise, all taxes due on
the gains realized from the transaction shall immediately become due and payable.
Conversion to Educational Foundations - An educational institution may convert itself into a
non-stock, non-profit educational foundation, in accordance with the implementing rules to be
issued jointly by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports and the Ministry of Finance.

ASSISTANCE TO STUDENTS
Government Assistance to Students - The government shall provide financial assistance to
financially disadvantaged and deserving students.
Grant of Scholarship Pursuant to Existing Laws - Educational institutions shall be encouraged to
grant scholarships to students pursuant to the provisions of existing laws and such scholarship
measures as may hereafter be provided for by law.
Assistance from the Private Sector - The private sector, especially educational institutions,
business and industry, shall be encouraged to grant financial assistance to students, especially
those undertaking research in the fields of science and technology or in such projects as may be
necessary within the context of national development.
Bureau of Elementary Education - The Bureau shall perform the following functions:

1. Conduct studies and formulate, develop, and evaluate programs and educational
standards for elementary education;
2. Undertake studies necessary for the preparation of prototype curricular designs,
instructional materials, and teacher training programs for elementary education; and
3. Formulate guidelines to improve elementary school physical plants and equipment, and
general management of these schools.

Bureau of Secondary Education - The Bureau shall perform the following functions:

1. Conduct studies and formulate, develop and evaluate programs and educational
standards for secondary education;
2. Develop curricular designs, prepare instructional materials, and prepare and evaluate
programs to update the quality of the teaching and non-teaching staff at the secondary
level;
 3. Formulate guidelines to improve the secondary school physical plants and equipment,
and general management of these schools.

Bureau of Technical and Vocational Education. - The Bureau shall perform the following:

1. Collaborate with other agencies in the formulation of manpower plans;

2. Conduct studies, formulate, develop and evaluate post-secondary vocational-technical
programs and recommend educational standards for these programs;
3. Develop curricular designs and prepare instructional materials, prepare and evaluate
programs to upgrade the quality of teaching and non-teaching staff, and formulate
guidelines to improve the physical plant and equipment of post-secondary vocational-
technical schools.

Bureau of Higher Education - The Bureau of higher Education shall perform the following
functions:

1. Develop, formulate and evaluate programs, projects and educational standards for a
higher education;
2. Provide staff assistance to the Board of Higher Education in its policy formulation and
advisory functions;
3. Provide technical assistance to encourage institutional development programs and
projects;
4. Compile, analyze and evaluate data on higher education; and
5. Perform other functions provided for by law.

Bureau of Continuing Education - As the main implementing arm of the non-formal education
programs of the Ministry, the Bureau shall provide learning programs or activities that shall:

1. Serve as a means of meeting the learning needs of those unable to avail themselves of
the educational services and programs of formal education;
2. Provide opportunities for the acquisition of skills necessary to enhance and ensure
continuing employability, efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness in the labor
market;
3. Serve as a means for expanding access to educational opportunities to citizens of
varied interests, demographic characteristics and socio-economic origins or status.

PENAL ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS

Administrative Sanction - The Minister of Education, Culture and Sports may prescribe and
impose such administrative sanction as he may deem reasonable and appropriate in the
implementing rules and regulations promulgated pursuant to this Act for any of the following
causes:

1. Mismanagement of school operations;

2. Gross inefficiency of the teaching or non-teaching personnel;
 3. Fraud or deceit committed in connection with the application for Ministry permit or
recognition;
4. Failure to comply with conditions or obligations prescribed by this Code or its
implementing rules and regulations; and
5. Unauthorized operation of a school or course, or any component thereof, or any
violation of the requirement governing advertisements or announcements of educational
institutions.

COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 578

AN ACT TO AMEND ARTICLE ONE HUNDRED FIFTY-TWO OF THE REVISED
PENAL CODE, SO AS TO INCLUDE TEACHERS, PROFESSORS, AND PERSONS
CHARGED WITH THE SUPERVISION OF PUBLIC OR DULY RECOGNIZED
PRIVATE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, AND UNIVERSITIES, WITHIN THE TERM
"PERSONS IN AUTHORITY

"ARTICLE 152. Persons in authority. – Who shall be deemed as such. – In applying the
provisions of the preceding and other articles of this Code, any person directly vested with
jurisdiction, whether as an individual or as a member of some court or governmental corporation,
board or commission, shall be deemed a person in authority.

"In applying the provisions of articles one hundred forty-eight and one hundred fifty-one of this
Code, teachers, professors, and persons charged with the supervision of public or duly
recognized private schools, colleges, and universities, shall be deemed persons in authority."
Topic: The Philippine Teachers Act of 1994 (RA 7836)
Prepared by: Pia Mae Caparas , Marinell Mai Maclid, and Miko Elli Santos

The Republic Act 7836 otherwise called as the: Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994,
This is an act to:

1. Strengthen the regulation and supervision of the practice of teaching in the Philippines,
and
2. Prescribing a licensure examination for teachers and for other purposes.

In Section 2 in the Statement of Policy

1. The State recognizes the vital role of teachers in nation-building and development
through a responsible and literate citizenry.
2. The State shall ensure and promote quality education by proper supervision and
regulation of the licensure examination and professionalization of the practice of the
teaching profession.

Objectives of RA7836 are found on Section 3

1. The promotion, development and professionalization of teachers and the teaching

profession;
2. The supervision and regulation of the licensure examination.

Definition of Terms for the Purposes of this Act is found on Section 4. Defining the
following:

(a) “Teaching” — refers to the profession concerned primarily with classroom

instruction, at the elementary and secondary levels in accordance with the curriculum
prescribed by the Department of Education, Culture and Sports, whether on part-time or
full-time basis in the private or public schools.
(b) “Teachers” — refers to all persons engaged in teaching at the elementary and
secondary levels, whether on full-time or part-time basis, including industrial arts or
vocational teachers and all other persons performing supervisory and/or administrative
functions in all schools in the aforesaid levels and qualified to practice teaching under
this Act.

(c) “Board” — refers to the Board for Professional Teachers duly established and
constituted under this Act.
(d) “Commission” — refers to the Professional Regulation Commission.
Article II are for the Board for Professional Teachers

In Section 5 explains the Creation and Composition of the Board

Board for Professional Teachers, hereinafter called the Board, composed of:
 (5) Members who shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines
from among the recommenders chosen by the Commission.
 The chairman and the voice-chairman of the Board shall be appointed
from these five (5) members by the President.

Section 6 elaborates the Duties and Function of the Board

(a) Promulgate, administer and enforce rules and regulations necessary for carrying
out the provisions of this Act in accordance with the charter of the Professional
Regulation Commission;
(b) Determine and fix the frequency, dates, and places of examination, appoint
supervisors, proctors, and other personnel as needed who shall be entitled to a daily
allowance to be fixed by the Board for every examination day actually attended, use
buildings and facilities of public or private schools for examination purposes;
(c) Issue, suspend, or revoke the certificate of registration for the practice of the
teaching profession;
(d) Prescribe and collect examination and other fees as it may deem proper;
(e) Prescribe and/or adopt a code of ethical and professional standards for the practice
of the teaching profession. Such ethical standards, rules and regulations to take effect
sixty (60) days after its publication in the Official Gazette or in any newspaper of
general circulation;
(f) Administer oaths in connection with the administration of this Act;
(g) Supervise and regulate the registration, licensure and practice of professional
teachers in the Philippines;
(h) Adopt an official seal of the Board;
(i) Look into the conditions affecting the practice of the teaching profession and
whenever necessary, adopt such measures as may be deemed proper for the
enhancement and maintenance of high professional and ethical standards of the
profession;
(j) Ensure that all educational institutions offering elementary and secondary
education comply with the essential requirements for curricula, faculty and facilities for
the elementary and secondary levels;
(k) Investigate such violations of this Act, the rules and the code of ethical and
professional standards for professional teachers as it may come to the knowledge of the
Board, and for this purpose, to issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum to secure the
appearance of witnesses and the production of documents in connection therewith; and
(l) Discharge such other powers, duties and functions as the Board may deem
necessary for the practice of the teaching profession and the upgrading, enhancement,
development and growth of education in the Philippines.
Section 7 discuss about the Term of Office for the members of the Board;

The members of the Board shall hold office for a term of three (3) years from the date
they assume office:

a. one (1) member shall serve for one (1) year;

b. one (1) member for two (2) years;
c. The chairman, vice-chairman, and one (1) member for three (3) years.
d. Vacancies shall be served for the unexpired term only.

Qualifications of the Board Members enumerates on Section 8:

(a) Be a citizen and resident of the Philippines;

(b) Be at least thirty-five (35) years of age, of proven integrity, and possessed of high
moral values in his personal as well as professional conduct and has not been convicted
of any offense involving moral turpitude;
(c) Be a holder of the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science in Education
and preferably a holder of a master’s or doctorate degree in education, or their
equivalents, from a university, school, college, academy or institute duly constituted,
recognized and/or accredited by the Philippine government;
(d) Be a professional teacher with a valid certificate of registration and valid
professional license, save those members who shall compose the first Board for
Professional Teachers;
(e) Has been a professional teacher in the active practice of the teaching profession for
at least ten (10) years in the elementary and secondary level; and
(f) Not be an official or member of the faculty of, nor have pecuniary interest in any
university, college, school, or institution conferring a bachelor’s degree in education or
its equivalents for at least three (3) years prior to his appointment, and neither connected
with a review center or with any group or association where review classes or lectures in
preparation for the licensure examination are offered or conducted.

Section 9 explains the Compensation of the Board, computed on the basis of the number of
examinees/candidates.

Supervision of the Board and Custodian of its Records in Section 10; All records, including
applications for examination, examination papers and results, minutes of deliberation,
administrative cases and investigative cases and investigations involving professional teachers
shall be kept by the Commission.

Section 11 and Section 12 clarifies the Secretariat and Support Services, and Removal of a
Board Member.
Explaining the Article III on the RA 7836 is all about the Examination and Registration

In Section 13: Examination, Registration and License Required

 All applicants for registration as professional teachers shall be required to

undergo a written examination which shall be given at least once a year in such
places and dates as the Board may determine upon approval by the Commission.
 A valid certificate of registration and a valid professional license from the
Commission are required before any person is allowed to practice as a
professional teacher in the Philippines

Section 14 defines the Scope of Examination

The examination for teachers in the elementary level shall consist of two (2) parts,
namely:

 Professional education
 General education

The examination for teachers in the secondary level shall consist of three (3) parts,
namely:

 Professional education,
 General education
 Field of specialization.

The Qualification Requirements of Applicants enumerates on Section 15

(a) A citizen of the Philippines or an alien whose country has reciprocity with the
Philippines in the practice of the teaching profession;
(b) At least eighteen (18) years of age;
(c) In good health and of good reputation with high moral values;
(d) Has not been convicted by final judgment by a court for an offense involving
moral turpitude.

In Section 16 tackles about the Report of the Results of the Examination, thus the Board:

 Within one hundred twenty (120) days after the examination, report the ratings
obtained by each candidate to the Professional Regulation Commission for
approval and appropriate action.
The Issuance of Certificate of Registration and Professional License explains on Section 17

 The registration of a professional teacher commences from the date his name is
enrolled in the roster of professional teachers.

Section 18 explains the Oath before Practice as a professional teacher.

Periodic Merit Examination of Teachers of Section 19, encourages encourage continuing

professional growth and development and to provide additional basis for merit promotion.

States that if a teacher fails to pass the merit examination, he or she shall be allowed to take
Section 20 explains the Failure to Pass the Merit Examination, the examination for a second
time.

In Section 21 enumerates the Incentives to the teachers who pass the merit examination:

 (a) Be awarded a diploma of merit by the Board;

 (b) Earn merit points for purposes of promotion in salary or to a higher position or
grade level;
 (c) Be placed in the priority list for government scholarship; and
 (d) Enjoy such other benefits as may be promulgated by the Board.

Section 22 is the Integration of the Teaching Profession, explains that every professional
teacher shall be encouraged to become a member of the integrated national organization. The
professional teachers shall receive the benefits and privileges appurtenant to their membership in
the said integrated and accredited organization of professional teachers only upon payment of the
required membership fees and dues.

Explaining and enumerating the Revocation of the Certificate of Registration, Suspension

from the Practice of the Teaching Profession, and Cancellation of Temporary or Special
Permit, in Section 23.

(a) Conviction for any criminal offense by a court of competent jurisdiction;

(b) Immoral, unprofessional or dishonorable conduct;
(c) Declaration by a court of competent jurisdiction for being mentally unsound
or insane;
(d) Malpractice, gross incompetence, gross negligence or serious ignorance of
the practice of the teaching profession;
(e) The use of or perpetration of any fraud or deceit in obtaining a certificate of
registration, professional license or special/temporary permit;
(f) Chronic inebriety or habitual use of drugs;
(g) Violation of any of the provisions of this Act, the rules and regulations and
other policies of the Board and the Commission, and the code of ethical and
professional standards for professional teachers; and
 (h) Unjustified or willful failure to attend seminars, workshops, conferences
and the like or the continuing education program prescribed by the Board and the
Commission.

Continuing on Article III of the Republic Act 7836,

In Section 24 the Registration by Reciprocity, tackles that No teacher of a foreign nationality

shall be admitted to the examination, or be given a certificate of registration or be entitled to any
of the rights and privileges provided under this Act.

Roster of Professional Teachers in Section 25, A roster of professional teachers containing the:
 Names and addresses of professional teachers,
 Date of registration or issuance of certificate, and
 Other data which in the opinion of the Board may appear pertinent shall be maintained.

Section 26 is for the Registration and Exception , Upon approval of the application and
payment of the prescribed fees, the certificate of registration and professional license as a
professional teacher shall be issued without examination as required in this Act to a qualified
applicant, who at the time of the approval of this Act, is:

(a) A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the Civil Service

Commission and the Department of Education, Culture and Sports;
(b) A registered professional teacher with the National Board for Teachers
under the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) pursuant to
Presidential Decree No. 1006; or
(c) Not qualified under paragraphs one and two but with any of the following
qualifications. To wit:

(1) An elementary or secondary teacher for five (5) years in good

standing and a holder of Bachelor of Science in Education or its equivalent; or
(2) An elementary or secondary teacher for three (3) years in good
standing and a holder of a master’s degree in education or its equivalent.

Article IV - PROVISIONS RELATIVE TO THE PRACTICE OF THE TEACHING

PROFESSION

Section 27, detailed the Inhibition against the Practice of the Teaching Profession. — No
person shall practice or offer to practice the teaching profession in the Philippines or be
appointed as teacher to any position calling for a teaching position without having previously
obtained a valid certificate of registration and a valid professional license from the Commission.

Penal Provisions enumerates on Section 28, if a person is practicing as a professional teacher

without a valid certificate of registration or valid license,
He shall be fined with not less than P5, 000- P20, 000 or imprisonment of not less than six (6)
months to five (5) years.
 (a) Any person who practices the teaching profession in the Philippines without
being certified in accordance with the provisions of this Act;
(b) Any person who represents or attempts to use as his own certificate of
registration that of another;
(c) Any person who gives any false, or fraudulent evidence of any kind to the Board
or any member thereof in obtaining a certificate of registration as teacher;
(d) Any person who impersonates any registrant of the same or different name;
(e) Any person who uses a revoked or suspended certificate of registration;
(f) Any person who, in connection with his name, otherwise assumes, uses or
advertises any title or description tending to convey or conveys the impression that
he is a teacher without holding a valid certificate; and
(g) Any person who violates or who abets the violation of any of the provisions of
this Act.

Section 29 Appropriations. Such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this
Act shall be included in the 1996 General Appropriations Act and thereafter.

Section 30 Implementation Guidelines. The Board shall formulate and adopt the necessary
guidelines for the effective implementation of the provisions of this Act within sixty (60) days of
its approval.

Any violation of this section shall render the official/s concerned liable under Republic Act No.
6713, otherwise known as the “Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and
Employees” and other pertinent administrative and/or penal laws.

Section 31 Transitory Provisions. All incumbent teachers in both the public and private sector
not otherwise certified as professional teachers by virtue of this Act, shall be given (5) years
temporary certificates from the time the Board for Professional Teachers is organized within
which to qualify as required by this Act and be included in the roster of professionals.

Section 32 Separability Clause. If, for any reason, any section or provision of this Act or the
application of such section or provision to any person or circumstance is declared
unconstitutional or invalid, no other section or provision of this Act shall be affected thereby.

Section 33 Repealing Clause. All laws, presidential decrees, executive orders, rules and
regulations or parts thereof inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed or
modified accordingly.

Section 34 Effectivity Clause. This Act shall take effect after fifteen (15) days following its
complete publication in the Official Gazette or in two (2) newspapers of general circulation.
Topic: AMENDMENTS TO R.A. 7836 (R.A.9293)
Prepared by: Armon Alcantara and Mildred Bernardino

Republic Act No. 9293

Signed on April 21, 2004
Republic of the Philippines
Congress of the Philippines
Metro Manila

Twelfth Congress

Third Regular Session

Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-eighth day of July, two thousand three.

[REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9293]

AN ACT AMENDING CERTAIN SECS OF REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED SEVENTY-EIGHT

HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SIX (R.A. NO. 7836), OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE
“PHILIPPINE TEACHERS PROFESSIONALIZATION ACT OF 1994”

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress

assembled:

SECTION 1. Section 15, (e) (3) of Republic Act No. 7836 is hereby amended as follows:

“SEC. 15. Qualification Requirements of Applicants. – No applicant shall be admitted to take the
examination unless, on the date of filing of the application, he shall have complied with the
following requirements:

“(e) A graduate of a school, college or university recognized by the government and possesses the
minimum educational qualifications, as follows:

(1) For teachers in preschool, a bachelor’s degree in early childhood education (BECED) or its
equivalent;

(2) For teachers in the elementary grades, a bachelor’s degree in elementary education (BSEED)
or its equivalent;
(3) For teachers in the secondary grades, a bachelor’s degree in education or its equivalent with a
major and minor, or a bachelor degree in arts and sciences with at least eighteen (18) units in
professional education; and

(4) For teachers of vocational and two-year technical courses, a bachelor’s degree in the field of
specialization or its equivalent, with at least eighteen (18) units in professional education.”

SEC 2. Section 26 of the same Act is hereby amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 26. Registration and Exception. – No person shall engage in teaching and/or act as a
professional teacher as defined in this Act, whether in the preschool, elementary or secondary
level, unless the person is a duly registered professional teacher, and a holder of a valid certificate
of registration and a valid professional license or a holder of a valid special/temporary permit.

Upon approval of the application and payment of the prescribed fees, the certificate of registration
and professional license as a professional teacher shall be issued without examination as required
in this Act to a qualified applicant, who is:

(a) A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the Civil Service Commission and
the Department of Education, Culture and Sports; or

(b) A registered professional teacher with the National Board for Teachers under the Department
of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1006.

Professional teachers who have not practiced their profession for the past five (5) years shall take
at least twelve (12) units of education courses, consisting of at least six (6) units of pedagogy and
six (6) units of content courses, or the equivalent training and number of hours, to be chosen from
a list of courses to be provided by the Board and the Department of Education, before they can be
allowed to practice their profession in the country.

Those who have failed the licensure examination for professional teachers, with a rating of not
lower than five percentage points from the passing general average rating, shall be eligible as para-
teachers upon issuance by the Board of a two-year special permit, renewable for a non-extendible
period of two (2) years. The para-teachers shall be assigned to areas where there is a shortage or
absence of a professional teacher, as identified and provided by the Department of Education and
the Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) education department to the Board for
professional teachers and to the Commission. The special permit shall indicate the area of
assignment of the para-teacher.
A special permit may also be issued by the Board to a person who has excelled and gained
international recognition and is a widely acknowledged expert in his or her respective field of
specialization.”

SEC 3. Section 31 of the same Act is hereby amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 31. Transitory Provision. – Special permits, with a validity of three (3) and five (5) years,
issued to para-teachers by the Board for Professional Teachers before the effectivity of this Act
shall be allowed to expire based on the period granted therein: Provided, That only special permits
with a validity of three (3) years may be renewed upon expiration for a non-extendible period of
two (2) years.”

SEC 4. References to the term “Department of Education, Culture and Sports”, in section 4 (a)
and section 25, and the term “DECS” in section 20, of the same Act, are hereby amended to read
as “Department of Education” and “DepEd”, respectively.

SEC 5. Separability Clause. – If, for any reason, any section or provision of this Act or the
application of such section or provision to any person or circumstance is declared unconstitutional
or invalid, no other section or provision of this Act shall be affected thereby.

SEC 6. Repealing Clause. – All laws, decrees, circulars, administrative orders, rules and
regulations, and other issuances which are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby
repealed or modified accordingly.

SEC 7. Effectivity. – This Act shall take effect upon approval.

Approved,

(Sgd.) JOSE DE VENECIA JR.

Speaker of the House
of Representatives

(Sgd.) FRANKLIN M. DRILON

President of the Senate
This Act, which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No. 2698 and House Bill No. 5411 was finally
passed by the Senate and the House of Representatives on February 6, 2004 and February 7, 2004,
respectively.

(Sgd.) ROBERTO P. NAZARENO

Secretary General
House of Representatives

(Sgd.) OSCAR G. YABES

Secretary of the Senate

Approved: APR 21 2004

(Sgd.) GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO

President of the Philippines

DO 43, S. 2004 – DISSEMINATION OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9293 (AN ACT AMENDING
CERTAIN SECTIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED SEVENTY EIGHT HUNDRED
AND THIRTY SIX (R.A. 7836) OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE PHILIPPINE TEACHERS
PROFESSIONALIZATION ACT OF 1994).
June 25, 2004
DO 43, s. 2004
Dissemination of Republic Act No. 9293 (An Act Amending Certain Sections of Republic Act
numbered Seventy eight Hundred and thirty Six (R.A. 7836) otherwise known as the Philippine
Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994).
To : Undersecretaries
Assistant Secretaries
Bureau/Service/Center Directors
Regional Directors
Schools Division/City Superintendents
Heads, Public and Private Elementary and Secondary Schools

For the information and guidance of all concerned, enclosed is a copy of Republic Act. No. 9293
entitled “An Act Amending Certain Sections of Republic Act Numbered Seventy-Eight Hundred
and Thirty-Six (R.A. 7836) Otherwise Known as the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act
of1994”.
One significant amendment is in the first paragraph of Section 26, where the prescriptive period
of two years is no longer specified. Hence, qualified applicants such as holders of certificates of
eligibilities as teachers issued by the Civil Service Commission and the Department of Education,
Culture and Sports or registered professional teachers with the National Board for Teachers under
the Department of Education, Culture and Sports pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 1006, who
failed to register as professional teachers without examination before the deadline last September
20, 2000 can file their applications for registration with the Professional Regulation Commission
(PRC).
In this connection, the PRC is presently finalizing the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)
of R.A. 9293.
Wide dissemination of this Order is desired.
Edilberto C. De Jesus
Secretary
Encl.: As stated
Reference: DECS Memoranda: Nos. 10 and 27, s. 1998
Allotment: 1—(D.O. 50-97)
To be indicated in the Perpetual Index under the following subjects:
LEGISLATIONS
POLICY
TEACHERS
Topic: DECREE PROFESSIONALIZING TEACHING (P.D. 1006)
Prepared by: Jelaica Domasig and Jenina Reyes

Presidential Decree 1006

PROVIDING FOR THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF TEACHERS, REGULATING
THEIR PRACTICE IN THE PHILIPPINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Section 1. Title
This Decree shall be known as the Decree Professionalizing Teaching.

Section 2. Declaration of Policy

It is hereby declared a policy that teacher education shall be given primary concern and attention
by the government and shall be of the highest quality, and strongly oriented to Philippine
conditions and to the needs and aspirations of the Filipino people even as it seeks enrichment
from adoptable ideas and practices of other people.

Section 6. Qualification requirements for examination applicants.

(a) the applicant must be a citizen of the Philippines
(b) That he is of good moral character
(c) That he is free from any physical and/or mental defect; and
(d) That he possesses the following minimum educational qualifications:
1. For teachers in the kindergarten and elementary grades, Bachelor's degree in Elementary
Education (B.S.E.Ed.) or its equivalent;
2) For teachers of the secondary schools, Bachelor's degree in Education or its equivalent with a
major and minor, or a Bachelor's degree in Arts or Sciences with at least 18 units in professional
education; and
3) For teachers of secondary vocational and two-year technical courses, Bachelor's degree in the
field of specialization with at least eighteen units in professional education.

Section 7. Appointment of examiners.

Appointed examiners of the Board are recognize authority in teacher education. The examiner
shall receive a compensation provided in addition to his salary.

Section 8. Scope of the examination

Written tests determined by the Board.

Section 9. Ratings in the examination

At least 70% in all subjects with no rating below 50% in any subject.

Section 10. Report of the results of examination

150 days after the last day of the examination, unless extended by the Board.

Section 11. Issuance of Certificates

The Board may consider the certificates of ratings as certificates of eligibility or issue an entirely
new certificate upon registration of the teacher and payment of the corresponding fees.

Section 12. Registration

Registration shall evidence that the registrant in entitled to all the rights and privileges of
Professional Teacher until and unless the certificate is suspended or canceled by the Board for
just cause.

Section 13. Reissuance of revoked certificates and replacement of lost certificates.

A new certificate to replace a lost, destroyed or mutilated certificate may be issued subject to the
rules of the Board.

Section 14. Registration by reciprocity

The applicant shall submit competent and conclusive documentary evidence, confirmed by the
Department of Foreign Affairs, showing that his country's existing laws permit citizens of the
Philippines to practice teaching profession under the rules and regulations governing citizens.

Section 15. Prohibition

No person shall engage in teaching and/or act as a teacher unless he is a holder of a Professional
Teacher Certificate or is considered a Professional Teacher under this Decree.

Section 16. Penal Provision

A fine of not less than PhP 1,000 nor more than PhP 5,000 with an imprisonment of not less
than 6 months nor more that 2 years, or both such fine an imprisonment at the discretion of the
Court.

Section 17. Repealing Clause

All Acts, Decrees, Executive Orders, Administrative Orders, rules and regulations or parts
thereof inconsistent with the provisions of this Decree are hereby repealed or modified
accordingly

Section 18. Separability Clause

In case any provision of this Decree or any portion thereof is declared unconstitutional by a
competent court, other provisions shall not be affected thereby

Section 19. Effectivity

Take effect January 1, 1977.
REFERENCES;

 House Bill No. 3368, Representative Maximo B. Rodriguez, Jr., 2016, An Act Providing
for Security of Tenure, Code of Conduct and Additional Benefits to Teachers, Amending
for the Purpose Republic Act No. 4670, otherwise known as the Magna Carta for Public
Schools Teachers, and for other purposes.
 https://www.slideshare.net/espinorachel/the-magna-carta-for-public-school-teachers-
129678872
 https://depedtambayan.net/magna-carta-for-public-school-teachers
 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_Concerned_Teachers

 Teachers As Persons in Authority | Legal Guardian | Teachers (scribd.com)

 Republic Act 7836: Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994 | Philippine

Commission on Women (pcw.gov.ph)

 (n.d.). Retrieved June 12, 2021, from

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2004/04/21/republic-act-no-9293/#

 (n.d.). Retrieved June 12, 2021, from https://www.deped.gov.ph/2004/06/25/do-43-s-
2004-dissemination-of-republic-act-no-9293-an-act-amending-certain-sections-of-
republic-act-numbered-seventy-eight-hundred-and-thirty-six-r-a-7836-otherwise-known-
as-the-philippine-te/
 CHAPTER 4: The Professionalization of Teaching – lovelymindinteaching (wordpress.com)