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TheArtofPublicSpeaking 10002825
TheArtofPublicSpeaking 10002825
TheArtofPublicSpeaking 10002825
THE WRIT E R S ’
L I B RA RY
ED ITE D BY J . B E RG ES E NW E I N, A M . .
,
LITT D .
RY J B RG E ESE NW N EI BY J B RG NW N E ES E
EL S
pp p stp id 4 70 pp p stp id
EI
. .
4 57 . Cloth ; o a Cl th ; . o o a
IN
J B RG NW N AR HUR
I TI A N D S E L LI B K R WR R
OO U N
FO ITE S AN D S T DE TS
Y .
3 84 pp
E ES E
Cl th ; ill st t d ;
EI a: T L E E DS
BY J B NW N MARY ROB R ES E EI a: E E T!
3 23 pp p stp id
. . .
o u ra e
p stp id Cl th
.
. o ; o a
o a
A R GU DI R WR E CT NG AN N P R N G
I DE F O PRA A I TI I S I I AND C TI C L
H R F NA F RM
AL L S O T B O K HA R A Y H W
I C TI O WL O S O T T E LL S O S TH E AY
Y J B NW N MARY HAMB R
ES E EI BY J B NW N A ARNAG
a D C E S ESE EI a: D LE C EY
222 pp p stp id 5 26 pp p stp id
. . . . .
Cl th ; . o Cl th ; o a . o o a
Cl th ; . o o a
IN PREPARATION
AD Y D U RING TH E RE FIRS T HAL F OF 1 9 1 5
A MP W RK N G M H O
CO L E TE O I ET D HOR UGH N RU N B H
T O I ST C TI O IN OT
W H AB UN AN IT R D T E XE CI S E S N W PAP R MAGA N W RK
E S E AN D ZI E O
BY HAR N AN R W C L TO D E S BY RN N W N BAGG E ES T E TO
W H HAP R BY J B
IT C NW N TE S ES E EI W H HAP R BY J B
IT C NW N TE S ES E EI
p tp id p stp id
. . . .
Cl th ; o os a C l th ; o o a
A
M NUS CRIP T PRE PARAT ION THE POE T S WORD B OOK ’
OW H PR PAR M OR To E E S F TH E A A A OG O RH M OR
C T L UE F Y ES F
N R R A PROOF P UN UA
.
SI TE E D CT TE , E TC W O WR AL L R H I TE V E SE
BY J B RG NW N R HAR , ,
J B NW N HAR M RR
.
E ES E EI a: T DY BY ES E EI a: C LE S O II
Cl th ill st t d ; p stp id p st p id
. . . . .
o , u ra e o a Cl th ; o o a
OTHERVOLUMES TO B E ANNOUNCED
T h e A r t o f Pu b lic S p e a k in g
J . E S E NWE IN
B E RG
AU H OR O T F
H OW O A RA
T H
TT N AU N
CT A ND OL D A DIE CE ,
’
WR N
“
HOR OR
ITI G TH E S T ST
-
Y,
”
WR N H
ITI HO OP A
G T E P T L Y,
”
E Tc .
, E TC .
,
AND
D ALE CARNAG E Y
UC OR
I NS TR T IN P UB LI C S P E AK N I G, Y . M . c . A . SC HOO LS ,
ORK B ROOK
N EW Y , LYN, P H IL AD E LP HA W I , I LMI NGTO N , A ND B A LTIMORE
THE WRITER S ’
LIB RARY
E D ITED B Y J . B E RG E S E NW E I N
PUB LIS HE RS
Co p yrig ht 1915
ALL RI G HTS RE S E RV E D
M
AR 8 M 5
(D G AS S S S OS
F A RT H U R
. M E T C AL F -
F E L L OW -
W ORK E R A N D F RI E N D
T abl e of C o n te n ts
THIN GS THI NK OF —
FIRS T A FORE WORD
m
To
—
CHAPTE R I ACQ UIRI N G CONF E NCE B E F ORE AN
AUDIE NCE
—
CHAPTE R II THE S IN OF M ONOTONY
—
CHAPTE R III EFFICIE NCY THROU GH EMPHAS IS AND
S UB ORDINATI ON
—
CHAPTE R IV EFF ICIE NCY THROU GH CHANGE OF
PITCH
—
CHAPTE R V EFFICIE NCY THROU GH CHANGE OF
—
CHAPTE R VI PAU S E AND POWE R 55
—
CHAPTE R VII EFFICIE NCY THROU GH INF LE CTI ON 69
—
CHAPTE R VIII CONCE NTRATION IN D ELIVE RY
CHAPTE R IX FORCE
-
—
CHAPTE R X FEELIN G AND ENTH US IA S M
—
CHAPTE R XI FLU E NCY THROU GH PRE PARATION
—
CHAPTE R XII THE V OICE
—
CHAPTE R XV II THOU GHT AND RE S E RVE POWE R
—
CHAP TE R XVI II S UB JE CT AND PREPARATION
—
CHAP TE R XIX INF L U E NCIN G B Y EXPOS I TION
—
CHAPTE R XX INF LU E NCIN G BY D E S CRIP TION
—
CH AP TE R XXI INFLUE NCIN G BY NAF RATION
—
CHAP TE R XXII INF LU E NCING BY S U GGE S TION
—
CHAPTE R XXII I INF LUE NCIN G BY ARGUME NT
—
CH APTE R XXIV I NF LUE NCIN G BY PE RS UA S ION
—
CHAP TE R XXV I NF LU E NCING THE CROWD
—
CHAP TE R XXVI RI D IN G THE WINGE D HORS E
.
.
—
CHAP TE R XX VII GROWING A V OCAB U LARY
—
CHAPTE R XXV III ME MORY TRAI NI NG
—
CHAP TE R XXIX RI GH T THI NKING AND PE RS ON
ALITY
—
CHAP TE R XXX AFTE R D INNE R AND OTHE R OCCA
-
S I ONAL S PE AKIN G
—
CH APTE R XXXI MAKI NG CONVERS ATION EFFE C
TIVE
—
AP PE NDIX A FIFTY QUE S TIONS F OR D EB ATE
—
APPE NDIX B THIRTY THE ME S FOR S PE E CHE S WITH ,
S OURCE RE FE RE NCE S
-
—
APPE NDIX C S U GGE S TIVE S UB JE CT S F OR S PEE CHE S ;
HINT S F OR TRE ATME NT
—
APPE NDIX D S PEE CHE S F OR S TUDY AND PRACTIS E 394
T hin g s to T hin k of Fir st
A FOREWORD
m
rta t res e t : it s a tt t e t wa
exp ressed but if its wri ter vi ews his sub j ec t fro the wrong
m
,
m
, ,
it is th en untru e
mm
.
wo rds it is this :
m
Tra ining in pub lic sp ea king is not a a tter of ex tern a l s
m m
—pri a rily ; it is not a a tter of iniita tion funda en m
m m
w
Un l ess mh ng of v lu i n no ick of
h ere o
v m
i
n ing m
t be s et a e w thi ,
tr s
ining k of lk o h n
mch n lb i ghly p f c d m
tra ca n e er a e the ta er a yth re t a
—
d liv y of o h m l f d v l opm
a a i e a e t a hi er e te a chia for the
n good n
fund m
’
e er t er e s s . So se -
e e e t is
n l in pl n
mm
a e ta our a .
cond p inci l li lo fi u
"
hy ic l p o h ou
u nh m
a ll his p s a w ers, so t at the ter se ay e p er
p d x ion inn fu il
do n y m
fect, a ere e p ress to the er . It is t e, we
a ssert, to la y of ul w voic cul u
s ste s r es for e t re, in
on ion g u h unl h p incipl
of h ving om ng mking ill ov ign
t at , est re , a n d w a t not, ess t ese two r es
mk h mlv f l in lif
a s ethi to sa y a nd a the w s ere
h v l b g un
um
a e at ea st e to a e t e se es e t the e .
N l n p k do fi p k
h m m
o one ca n ea r how to s ea who es not rst s ea as
b lik vicio u ci cl in
mn x m
est he ca n . T at ay see e a s r e
sta te e ill b
t, b ut it w in ion ea r e a at .
M ny c v b g un i in fo
nci n ui m
a tea hers ha e e w th the how . Va ef rt !
It is an a h e l n do by doing
t tr s t at we ea r to . The
first thing for the b eginner in public sp ea king is to sp ea k
not to stu d y voic e a nd g estu re a nd the rest Onc e he ha s
m m
.
m m
.
Exp eri enc e, then , is only the b est tea cher but the
m
not ,
right If I o ught sa id Ka nt I ca n
m m
“
, ,
. .
increa sing e pha sis upon the p ower of the inner a n over
the o uter Next the way to the rich storehouses of
m
,
.
m
, ,
J B E RG E S E NW EIN . .
NARB E RTH PA ,
.
,
JANUARY 1 1 9 1 5 , .
THE ART OF PUBLI C S PEAKING
m m Sens nev r fa ils to g ive the tha t have it Wo rds enough to
a k th
e
e e
unde stood It too oft n ha p p ens in so conver
e r
m e
,
mm
e
m m
.
sa ti ns
o s in Ap othec a ry S hop s tha t tho s Po ts th t a e E
, a p ty
, e a r ,
mm
.
Th y tha t soa r t
e high often f ll h rd
oo a king l w and a a a o
m
, ,
m
.
.
CHA PTER I
th t tu n up on th
a r p k p ci lly if h p r i ts hi s lf to
e s ea er , es e a e e e
bo n t ti ony t th p ow of p k s y in i p essing
r e es o e er a s ea er
’
e e r
m
a n a e e . e e e a re o s er
v of th t p i tur th p ow th i y x rt
m
th e re erse y a c b
e e er e r e es a e e
up on hi p ci ll y b fo h b gin t p k ft th inw rd
m
, es e a e re e e s o s ea : a er e a
, x e ore eec .
e b efo re a n a udienc e ?
you will soon stop shying You can n ever a tta in free
mm m
and .
is the o nl y wa y .
m
fright D an Pa tch wa s ore su sc ep tib le to suffering
.
in the sca le of life the grea ter is the ca pa city for suffering
mm
.
,
m
-
m
-
m
.
m
.
,
higher thing s
m
.
Ha ve S o ething to S a y
a n a u di enc e wi th t e r ind
s a b l a nk It is no wonder
m m
.
th a t n a ture a b h o rring a va c uu
,
fil l s th e wi th the n ea rest
,
m
, ,
—
o ught to b e self conscious y ou ought to b e a sha ed to
m
-
m
your b earing b e odestly confi dent but o st of m
m
Let ,
m m
-
.
m m
True hu ility a ny an who thoro ughly knows hi self
m m
m
ust feel ; but it is not a hu ili ty tha t a ssu es a wor
—
like eekn ess ; it is ra ther a strong vibra nt prayer for
grea ter p ower for service a pra yer tha t Uria h Heep coul d
,
m
Washing ton Irving once introduced Cha rles Dickens
mm
a t a dinn er given in the l a tter s h ono r In the iddle of
’
.
m
his sp eech Irving h esita ted b eca e e b a rra ssed a nd
, ,
m
sa t down a wkwa rdl y Turning to a fri end b eside hi he
.
You will .
6 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
sun in th e fa c e
‘
mM
.
m
is infinitely o re i p orta nt tha n yo u the truth is ore ,
m
i p orta nt th a n bo th of yo u b ec a use it is eterna l I f yo ur
m
.
,
m
lea d or insp ire a ul titude or even a s a ll gro up of people
a y a pp a ll yo u a s b eing co l o ssa l i
— m
pudence a s indeed it
m ay b e ; but h a ving onc e essa yed to sp ea k b e co ura g eo u s
—
,
.
m
BE co ura g eo u s it li es wi thin yo u to b e wha t yo u will .
m
i ssiles wi th which th ey were lo a ded ; but he wa s a an ,
—
mm
confronted his ho stile hea rers fearlessly a nd won the
m
.
his
'
Do not mk a e haste to e—
b gin h aste s hows la ck of con
trol .
—
S o ca st out fea r for f ea r is cowa rdly when it is not
m
,
—
m
Fa c e your a udienc e pluckily ii yo ur kn ees quak e
m
to it .
,
m
m
for yo u a nd the ca u se yo u rep resent Go win it S uppose . .
a t To urs ; supp o se Co lu m
b us ha d feared to ventur e out
m
into the unknown West ; supp o se our forefa th ers ha d b een
m
too ti id to opp o se the tyrra ny of Geo rg e the Third ;
m en who ,
m
ha ve da red a nd you ust dare to sp ea k the
—
efi ectiv e wo rd th a t is in yourth ea rt to sp ea k v
for often
But t e
m mm
it req uires coura ge to u tter a jsing le sentenc e
mm
.
m
la urels for th o se who fea r to do wha t they ca n .
m m m
one do ub ts th a t te p era en t a nd nerves a nd ill ness a fi d
ev en p ra i sew o rthy odesty ay singly or co bined
, ,
mm
but n eith er ca n a ny one do ub t th a t coddling wi ll agnify
this wea kn ess The vic to ry li es in a fea rl ess fra eof ind
. .
m m
Prof Wa l ter D ill S co tt sa ys : S u cc ess or fa i lure in b usi
m
.
a c q ui re it is
— to acquire it .
b eli eved to be ore p owerful tha n the pub lic press the
m
,
3 . W ha tyo u
is ob v r ion g di
ser a t g
re a rlf ncon scio
seu s-
uS ual exci te en t?
H do m od x ci n m yo u
m
5 . ow es era te e te e t a fl ec t ?
Wha t a re the two funda enta l requi si tes for the
mm
6 .
8 .
-
m
Wri te out a two inute sp eech on Confidenc e a nd
Cowa rdice .
9 . W h a t efl e ct do h a bi ts of t h o ug h t h a v e on confi d enc e ?
In this conn ection rea d the chap ter on Right Thinking
”
a nd Person a l i ty
m
.
TH E S IN OF M ON OTONY
mmm
onotonous .
,
m m m
sa e
e ph a si
,
s th e sa e sp eed the , sa e th o ug h —
ts or dis
p en ses with tho ught a ltogether
m mm
.
—
lic sp ea k er is not a tra n sgression it is ra ther a sin of o is
,
m
o ugh t to ha ve done
m
E erson sa ys The virtu e of a rt li es in d eta ch en t
m m
,
mm
a re a ll exp ressed in the sa a nn er
m
e .
—
cur se oi ono tony in o ther spheres of life then we S ha ll
m
,
—
m
tono u s it is the l ong rows of b rown one fronts a nd the
m
-
st
m m
li itat ion s is often ono tonous Get ba ck to n a ture in
m m
.
m
—
fa scina ting stories Les Misera b les for insta nc e If
“
m m
, .
mm
.
m
ha s c erta in keys a nd stop s which he a nipul a tes to p ro
m
m
m
duc e his ha r onies a nd effec ts I n lik e a nner the speaker
m
.
m
which he b uil d s his a rg u ent plays on the feeling s a nd
, ,
TH E S IN OF T
MONO ON Y I3
m
guides the beliefs of his a udienc e To give yo u a concep .
ch apters .
, ,
m
,
a nd the rest ,
is a
~
a tter of d eta il .
mm
sp ea king is not a a tter of a stering a few d ea d rul es ; the
m
When yo u ha ve a stered the echa nic s of sp eech outm
l ined in the n ext few cha pters you will no l ong er b e troub led
wi th m m
onotony The co pl ete k nowl edge of these prin
m
.
m m
be
th e — yo u ust pra c ti se pra ctise PRACTIS E I f no
m
.
, ,
a c to rs a dop t
— ei th er n a tura lly a nd unconsciously or
—
und er in struc tion in getting their efl ects
m
.
m
,
—
bo tto l a nds B e na tura l but i prove yo ur na tura l
m
.
Ci te so e in sta nc es in n a ture
m
2 . .
Ci te in sta nc es in a n s d a i ly lif e
’
3 . .
S IN OF MONO ON T Y I 5
4 . D escrib e o
s mof e the cts of
effe m
ono ony in bo h
t t
cases
lou omp
.
m
ea ni .
m
its rendition ?
m m
m
7
. Wh y is ono t ony one of the worst a s well a s one
of the o st co on fa ults of sp eakers?
CHA PT ER III
S U B ORD INA TI ON
b st n t by
e o b in g p a ticul
re rul s b ut by b ing full
e er r ar e e
—
, ,
-
th erefo re on ly c erta in word s d e a nd e pha si s .
m
,
choic e
m m
.
You g h
i t a s we ll sa y M S S
A A CH U —
S E TTS e - -
m
on ea ch word in the foregoing sentences .
S p ea k it a l o u d a nd see Of co urse yo u wi ll wa n t to e
.
F
EF ICIE NC Y THROUGH A
E MP H S I S AND S UB ORDIN ATION I7
m mm
a y thin k yo u a re a fi r ing tha t d estiny is a
m
hearers
r of ch a nc e ea n s yo u ust e pha size
m
a tte B y a ll .
m
.
,
m
e pha si s
m
.
, ,
m
,
m
e pha tica ll y a s he ha s shown b y con tra sting it wi th
,
a tter of CHANCE
m
DES TIN Y is NOT a It is .
m
S PE
m
the da y .
“
I T I S A MA TTE ROF CHOI CE — bo th equa lly ba d
m
or .
sa w a dog bi te a m
a n to p a y no a tten tion to it
m
, The S un .
D a na ,
if yo u see a a n bi te a dog hurry b a ck to the
,
is u nu su a l .
p oi on J cqu l in
m
ind ? If I h d b n guilty of th thing with
’
s a e e s a ee e
which yo u ch g wh t I h v
ar e don w uld h v b n
e, a a e e o a e ee
—
pha tic word in a conc en tra ted whisp er a nd yo u ha ve
m
e
a low p i tch ju p to a h,
ig h on e on th e e ph a tic w o r d I f .
your e pha tic idea s Rea d the chap ters on Infl ection ,
F eeling “
Pa u se Cha ng e of Pi tch
” “
Cha nge of
m
, ,
m mm
, , .
i bo co c o f H co c n a ted
m m
e p h a s s w a s th rre t a nd p w er ul e n e tr .
m
.
mim m
la rg ed .
following sentence :
I a b so
- -
lut e -
ly re fu se to g nt your d
ra e mnd a .
m
Now n this p rincipl e should b e a pp li ed
a nd the to an
— — — —
lib erty or give e dea th The i ta liciz ed p a rt of the
m m
.
this is on ly one of sev era l good interp reta tion s tha t ight
b e ch o sen .
e—
full w ll th cost y t w nlist nd w
e e e e , a e enl i st f th w For
or e ar .
w know th j u tic of u c u s
m m
e nd e s e o r a e, a we know, too, its certa in
triu ph
— Fro
“
P a ss P rosperity A round ,
”
by AL B E R T J .
S trong ly m
i zing a single word ha s a tendency to
ph
m
e as
e e o a e r e e o .
I I N TE ND E D to b uy a ho u thi s S p ing (b u t o
se r thing s e p re
v nt d )
e e .
I int nd d t B U Y
e ho u
e thi s S p ing (in t d of
o nting s
a se r s ea re a
tofo )
m
h e re re
I int nd d t b uy
e ho u e TH I S S p ing (in t d of n x t S p ing )
o a se r s ea e r .
Au tu n ) .
m
They try to g et new infor a tion , or a new sla nt
m m
The .
mo m
r
edition . .
his id ea s 18 e p ha tic
m
.
,
m
a .
Thi s an wi th the
l a rg er eye sa y s he will di scover not ,
S TARS a nd S UNS
“
New sta rs a nd sun s a re ha rdly a s
m
.
h ic h w o d l g W h ? B c u w x p c
m
e p a t a s t e r a r er y e a
. se e e e t
h ic b c u i i o u c i I n l ik
m
d w d
m
e p a t e a se t n tr es a n e e a e .
a nner gra in a re a l so ic
“”
h
mm
, , e p a t .
ov od y
— w m—mwh
c er new sta rs a nd suns . Tha t is Wha t the republic needs t a
ne en o d th il tow d th g ins
en o a re wise t wa r e so , ar e ra ,
m
tow d th t l If G d wo ul d o nl y ise up f r th p op l tw
m
ar e oo s . o ra o e e e o
t th S ta te th n th t tr n d C lif nia
m m
w thor ore o u b e a a ea s re ox a e a or
or M ic And th
ex o al. up acy of n is b se d up on his
e re s re a a
nt f w h u
m
'
o f th bin nd its
e ro tu ity p a f ww k a r , re re se a e o r s or a e ee s ,
g owth st nd b tw n n c dl nd his
m
b ut tw nty y f
’
e ea rs or r a s e ee a s ra e a
h nd ov
a t th b y a ll the
er u ula ted t
o e hi d b y
o ces a cc s ores a c ev e ra
—Anony m
m
ous .
m
3 . a t re a t e s th is a
4 Wh
. ic h w o rd s sh o ul d b e e ph a sized w h ic h sub ,
Rea dl c io on p g
m m
5 . t n s the
a es 5 5
0 5
se e
1 2 53 a nd 54 , , , ,
m
Rea d a ga in cha nging e pha si s slightly Wha t is the eff ec t?
m
, .
cha ng ed a s is done on pa ge 2 2
m
, .
e pha si s a nd b ring it wi th y o u to c l a ss
m
.
m
a nd in nice shading o f the grada tions, lie the excellence o f
e pha tic speech .
m m
m
oul d c ll hi N p l n but N p oleon d his w y t
m
I w a a o eo , a a e a o
pi ov b k n th nd th ough of bl d This n
m
e re er ro e oa s a r a sea oo . a
th rul of hi lif ; n d th l t wo d s u tt d t hi n in F nc
m
e e s e a e as r e re o s so ra e
m
My boy you will n d y go b ck t S nto D o in
m
w ereth ese : , o e a a o a
go ; f g t th t F n u d ed yo u f th I woul d c ll hi
”
or e a ra ce r er r a er . a
26 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
m mll o found
mn o g v m
Cro well, b ut Cr we wa s only a soldier , a nd the sta te he
i oul d c ll hi W
m m
ed went down w th hi i t his ra e . Iw a a shing
g i gini n
n m m
ton , b ut the rea t V r a held sla ves . This a n ris ked his e
lv d in
dom
pire ra ther tha p
er it the s a e -
tra e the hu blest v illa g e
of inion
ink m f n ic nig
his s .
You th e a a at to -
ht , for you
d hi to y n t with rea s r , o
m
Ro
m
the Greek, a nd B rutus for the a n, Ha pden for E ngla nd ,
“
cl b lu bov th ll th n of th ldi th t t s
m m
in the ea r e, a e e a , e a e e so er , e s a e
TOUS S A I N T L OU VE RT URE
’
a n, the a rtyr , .
m
.
Pra c ti se
on the follo wi ng selec tions for e pha sis :
B eech er s Ab ra h a
“ ’
Linco l n m
p a g e 76 ; Linco ln s Get ,
’ “
Voice -
Pitch
m
tection a nd pu nish en t b ut the sp ea k er who vio l a tes this
,
m
n ess while his innoc ent h ea rers ust endure the ono tony m
m
,
—for ono tony is not only a sin of the p erp etra tor
m
,
m m
.
,
mm ori z ed
m
e .
one no te m m
Tru e the rei tera tion of the sa e tone in u sic
m m m
.
,
a s in p ed a l p oin t on a n o rg a n co p o si tion — a de
m
ay be
m
ay
—
do es p o ssess a so l e n b ea uty B ut the pub lic spea k er
.
E FFICIE NCY THROU GH CH N A GE OF PI CH T 29
sh ould sh un the m
ono o t ne as he woul d a p estil ence .
m
co bina tions? Even a sweet to ned chirp when reitera ted
m m
-
wi tho u t cha ng e a y g ro w
,
a dd eni ng to the enfo rc ed
li stener
m m
.
I wa t i until I h a v ti
e e I ll
’
e er .
Rep ea t first in
pi tches indica ted a nd then a ll
m
this, the ,
A S IMILAR CAS E
Ja ck I h you v gon nd done it —Yes I know ; o st m
m
’
, ea r e e a .
,
t h —did you t ll
,
e or , i e? , e e o a e e a a so re
S did I
m m
o .
m
mm
’
e a S w s I , e e e e e . o a .
S yo u st oll d l ong th t
o c s w th su
r e r oonlighta e erra e, a e e
till t l ng th you g th
a e d cou g wh n you sa w tha t none wa s a ere ra e, e
m
S o did I .
W ll I n dn t k you fu th su I wi sh yo u j oy
m
’
nd I
’
e ee as r er , a re
i d— h
.
,
y boy ? W h n th h on y oon is ov n d yo u tt
e l d down e e er a
’
re se e
w ll t y—Wh t ? th d u c yo u s y ! R j c t d—yo u
,
j ct d ?
m
’
e r a e e e a e e e re e e
S o wa s I .
-
Anony ous.
mm
it sho ul d b e gra sp ed a nd a ppl i ed i edi a tely However .
,
you a re li a ble to spea k the words and then think wha t they
m m m
,
ea n
— a nd a n y sp ea k ers see to tro ub l e very li ttl e
~
m
ethod s of exp ression
m
in yOur .
m
.
It is n t w o k th t kill s n ; it is w o y W o k i h lthy ;
m m
o r a e rr . r s ea
you n h dl y p ut o up on
ca ar n th n h
re nb Wo y isa a a e ca ea r . rr
ust up on th bl d It i n t th volution th t d t oy th
m
r e a e . s o e re a es r s e
a er t —
chin y b ut th f ic ion H NRY WARD B E E CHE R
e r E
m
. .
highl y mo
i mn i y pi ch
min
This is a p rta nt sta te e t . V a r et in t
in s the hea rer s interest but one the s rest wa s of u y
m u uu l m i
’
a ta ,
to co p el a ttention — to secure —
in mk d
n s a e h
p a s s is
to cha ng e the p i tch of y o ur voic e s de a nd a ar e ud nly
degree A grea t contra st a lwa y s a rouses a ttention White
. .
Wh t i C ong s going t do n xt ?
a s re s o e
I do no t know .
(Low p itch)
3 2 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
m
.
serio u sn ess
— ei ther ethod p rod u c es e pha si s when used
in telligently tha t is wi th a co on sense a ppreci a tion m
m
m
-
, ,
m
of the sort of e ph a si s to b e a tta ined
m
.
q u en ce is hi s l ow b ell lik
, e voic e S
-
h a k esp ea re sa id th a t
m
,
—
b l a ta nt to b e p owerful a nd ust not b e to b e pl easing
m m
.
, ,
I . Na m mhod
e two et s of d estroying m
ono ony t a nd
sp ea king ?
3 N o
. tic e yo ur h a bi tu a l ton es in sp ea king Are th ey .
too hig h to b e pl ea sa n t ?
5 . H o w w o u l d yo u n a tu ra lly v a ry th e p i tc h in in t ro
e
—
H st t d th t i h
ar e d p p
a s, ti n t
e m t t
a —e n S pt
re a ra o s o s ar o e e m
b thi d
m
er r .
Wh t h v I t g in f o you ? Nothin g
m m
a a e o a r .
ch ng in p itch woul d b tt b
a e d e er e a e .
th d v st tion s of w
m
e e a a ar
.
m
e a re e :
o e e a r s e e .
7 . M a k e a di a g r a of a conv er sa t ion yo u h a v e h ea r d ,
m
No te : In
following selections tho se pa ssag es tha t
m
the ,
—
voic e too high are prin ted in ita lics Th o se which igh t .
m m
“
, ,
m
, ,
a re a rk ed
m
.
m
Yes , a ll en la bor . RUF US CH OA TE A ND D A NIE L
WE B S TE R la bor critics v ry ds
mn m
ov m
, sa y the . B ut e e an who rea
of l bo qu estion knows th t it n of
m
the a r a ea s the e e t the
en tha t ea r n th e r i living with th i e r ha nds ; TH A T ARE E M
WAGES :
m
P L OYE D , A ND P AI D ga thered under roofs of
a re
fa ctories fa r
m m
, sent out on s, sen t out on ships , g a thered on the wa lls .
o cc p t tion th wo kin g cl s ns th
m m
In p p ul a r a e n th t a , e r a s ea e e a
ok i
w r W th the i h nds f r w g s ny hou s a d y p l oy d
r a , o a e , so a r a , e e
A LL WORK I NGME N? ”
B E CA US E , WH ILE D A NIE L
WE B S TE R GE TS FORT Y TH OUS A ND D OLL ARS FOR
m
ARG UI NG TH E ME X I CA N CL AI M S
m f a ny
, there is n o need o
body
’
s ov ing for hi . B E CA US E , WH ILE RUF US CH 0A TE
m m
GE TS FI VE TH OUS A ND D OL L ARS MAK I NG ONE F OR
ARG UME N T TO A J URY there is no need of ov ing for hi
m , or ,
for the en tha t work with their bra ins , do highly dis p -
tha t ci lin d e
bo m ov m
a nd s i e a r, e t, a rTh e . e re e
cl a ss of w o k r D OE S N OT GE T P AI D , does
protection n ot g et .
m
A D E Q UA TE L Y protected I T CA N S H I F T I TS CH A NNE L S ; .
pply a nd de a nd
m
it ca n v a ry a ccording to the su .
I F A MA N FA IL S A S A M I NI S TE R why he beco es a ra il , ,
I F TH A T D OE S N T S UI T H I M he g oes West
m
wa y conductor
’
.
, ,
mm
S E L F I N CAP A B LE OF E I TH E R OF TH E S E P OS I TI ONS ,
m
TORI C S OIL a nd y eyes to the knowledge of her bea uty a nd her
Here Wi thin tou ch of Ply outh Rock a nd B unker Hill
m
thrift .
m m
s n th ug ht
o o A ND C H A N N I NG P R E A CH E D H E RE I N TH E
v y mic n o
CRA D LE OF A ME RI CA N LE TTE RS a nd a l ost of A erica n
n m
—
k ob i nc
nd uncov d in m
liberty , I ha ste to a e the e sa e tha t e er A er a wes
ngl nd nfi ig y
i m uniqu
Ne w E a whe rst he sta s ere h er ht p re s
nc —c v d
f om oc n il d n — m
e e . S tra ng e a ppa rition! Th s ste a nd e fi g u re ar e
j y k n ing
g o ing m o mof in
r the ea a nd the w er ess its a e st i dl a nd
d of —un i l
gl oom b ok n
r w a i the st r s w te r a nd wa rs t1 at a st
I TS B E A UT Y D I S CL OS E D I N TH E
‘
the wa s r e
— il
,
m o g d mv l d f om
S UNS H I NE , a nd the heroic workers rested at its ba se wh e
l d king
sta rt e s a nd e p e r rs a ze a nd ar e e tha t r the
ud ou c of i ndf c on bl k unkno n o
ould v com m m m
r e t h th s ha ul a st a ea a nd w sh re
mm o y of o im m
A ND TH E P E R M M R FE CTE D OD EL OF H U A N LIB E T Y!
G od bl ess o l ok the o e r th se rta w r e rs , a nd pr sp e r
the —
fortun s of th i living sons nd p rp tu t th in p i tion
e e r a e e a e e s ra
of th ir h ndiwo k
m
e a r .
F t th S ou th M
ar oP sid nt s p t d f o
e this s ction r re e e a ra e r e
—n
.
, ,
by a lin C h
o ce defi ned in irrepressible dif erence, once tra ced in
blood , A ND NOW, THA NK GOD , B UT A VA NI S H
fra tricida l
—
S HAD OW lies m
mf
I NG the f a irest a nd richest do a in o f this ea rth .
mn v m
MA NK I ND . A P E RFE CT CL I MA TE AB OVE a fertile soil
yi l ds t
e o the hu b nd s a a e er y p odu ct of th
r e te p era te zo ne .
in s W
m
ra ARE M OUN TAI NS S TORE D
TH E RE I TH E X
—
.
m
H A US TLE S S TRE A S URE S : forests v a st a nd pri ev a l; a nd
iv
n i l i mof
r ers tha t , tu bling or loitering , run wa nton to the sea Of the .
—
m
thr ee e sse indut a te s a ll stri es cotton iron a nd w ood
—tha t re
,
o thi u d nd p n nt dv nt g m m
m
of the Republic . Fr s a ss re a er a e a a a e,
m
i n o u c of fi l d n fo id costly
mm m
Wt hi t h n d i n d t n t t e a e a re s o se a
wo l d r THA T S IR i th pi tu
. nd the p , i f yh A
, s e c re a ro se o o e
m
LA ND B E TTE RA ND FA I RE R TH AN I HA VE TOLD YOU,
a nd yet but fi t setting in its a teria l excellence for the loya l a nd
This h ou littl n ds th
r e ee e L OYAL T Y TH A T IS L OYAL T0
m
ONE S E CTI ON a nd yet holds the other in enduring suspicion
a nd estra ng e ent. G iv e us the broa d a nd perfect loya lty tha t lov es
a nd trusts GE ORGIA a —
like wi th Ma ssa chusetts tha t knows no
S OUTH , no North , no E AS T no West b ut endea rs with equa l
, ,
A MI GH T Y D UT Y S I R A ND A M I GH T Y I NS P IRA
m
TI ON i pels ev ery one of us to nig ht to lose in pa triotic consecra
, ,
—
tion WHA TE VE R E S TRA NGE S WH A TE VE R D I VI D E S
— m
.
,
W A ND WE S TA ND FOR H UMA N
m
E S I R a re A
, erica ns ,
v y on on —
m fm f
e er thr e ea rth . R
Fra nce, B ra zil TH ES E A E OUR
VI CTORI E S To redee the ea rth ro king cra t a nd ppression o
—TH IS
.
W
mn
IS OUR M I S S I ON! A ND E S HALL N OT FAI L .
m
ira cle, FROM PL YM OUTH ROCK A ND J A M E S
m
expa nding
TOWN, a ll the —
n f o th
wa y a y e , e vnfoe r the h ou r whe r e
voic l nd t c l oc n n w wo l d os t th ight of th
e e ss a ra e e ss ea a e r r e o e s e
ed I N I S S O
D L UB L E I N TH E B ON S OF L OVE l oving f o
D r
38 THE ART OF PU B L IC S PE AKING
the La k s t th e o e G ulf—th e w ounds of w ar hea l d in v y h
e e er ea rt
a s on v ry hill
e e , serene a nd res
plendent A T TH E S UM MI T OF
m
H UMA N A CH IE VE ME N T A ND E ARTHL Y GL ORY bla zing ,
m m— m
ou t the pa th a nd a king clea r the wa y up which a ll the na tions
m
’
of t he ea rth ust co e in God s a ppointed ti e!
WOULD ol on
md
CA L L H I M NAP OL E ON , b ut Na p e
mi
I
i mn v b ok
a e his wa y to e p r e ov er broken oa ths a nd throug h a sea of blood .
d li ion g
m
Th s an e er r e his wor NO Reta a t wa s his re a t
.
o o tt ul of a nd A ND THE LA S T WOR
the r e DS his lif e;
m
boy, you will one da y g o ba ck to S a nto D o ing o; forg et tha t Fra nce
I WOUL D CALL H I M CROM WE L L
mll
urdered your fa ther .
w
.
o
m
b ut C r we wa s only a soldier , a nd the sta te he founded went do n
with hi into his g ra v e . I WOUL D CALL H I M WAS H I NG
TON , b ut the rea t V r
H I S E MPIRE
g
m
ra ther
inion s
i gini n h ld
tha n
a
p
er m
e sla v es
it the
.
sla v e
TH I S
-
MA N RI S K E D
tra de in the h m
u blest
v illa ge o f his do .
YOU TH I NK ME A FA NA TI C TO NI GH T, for -
you rea d
i ory n t with y u y B UT WI TH YOUR P RE J UD I CE S
h st ,
o o r e es , .
B ut fif ty y s h nc wh n T uth g ts
ea r h ing th Mus of
e e, e r e a ea r , e e
a ll , the na e of TH E ,
,
m m
S OL D IE R TH E S TA TE S MA N TH E MART YR TOUS , ,
S AI N T L OU VE RT URE .
-
WE NDELL PHILLIPS , Toussa int l ouv erture
’
.
D rill on
following selections for cha ng e of pitch
m
the
m
’
.
, ,
E F FI CI E N CY TH ROU G H CH A N G E OF PA C E
m
Hea r how he cl ea rs the p oints 0
’
Fa thi
Wi
m
lin n
m
’
p in !
’ ’ ’
ra tt thu
’
kly c l il d in wr
m m
Now ee a , now w a th,
He p in
’
ju
’ ’ ’ ’
t
s s a an he s p in
—ROB E RT
.
B URN S , H oly Fa ir .
mm
ov e ent a s ,
p riv ing hi m
sel f of o n e of hi s chief ea n s of e ph a si s m m
a nd p o wer .The b a se b a ll pi tcher the bowl er in crick et
-
, ,
40 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE KIN A G
—
,
Change f
o m
Te po Lends Na tura lness to the Deliv ery
m
presen t writer tha t cha nge of pa c e wa s one of the o st
effec tiv e too l s of the a c to r While it ust be a d itted m
m m
.
m
tha t the sti lted o uthing s of a ny a ctors indica te clo udy
irrors still the pub lic sp ea k er wo ul d do well to stu dy
m
,
the a c to r s use of te p o
m m
’
.
Th ere is h owever a ,
ore funda enta l a nd effective
,
mm
,
—
grunt pa use S ilenc e a nd explo sion of conversation a s we
m
, , ,
listic
o y writer understa nds this in writing
m
The rea st r -
no te the differenc e
mk if
.
I c n t r c ll wh
a
’
e a at I did w th i y n e . Oh , now I re mm
eb er
I ga ve it t M ry o a
m
.
e sen tenc e
—for te p o a ppli es not only to singl e words
m
sa ,
Wh n you nd I b hind th V il
e ap t e e e a re as ,
m
Oh b ut th l ong l ong whil th wo l d ha ll last
e , e e r s ,
As th s v n s s houl d h d p bb l c st
e e e ea s ee a e e a .
sh o ul d b e g 1v en a sl o w te m m
p o a re in s a ll ca pi ta ls m .
m
GRE AT DE E P GEN U INE S INCE RITY i the fi t CHARACTE RIS TIC f
, , , s rs o
m
a n in
a ny w y H E ROIC a N t th sin e ity tha t CALL S itself
a a e c r
—
.
m
sin cere Ah n
. Th t i y p t
ote. in de d A S HALL OW a s a v er oor a r e ,
3 . TRUE WORTH i in B E I N G —N O S
T E E I —
M NG i n d ing e ch s o a
THING S t d by nd by F wh t
o o n s y in thei BL INDNE S S
a . or a ev er e a r ,
FOOL S GOLD
’
m cold g y
c m
S ee hi there , a nd ra ,
W at h hi as he tr i es t pl y ;
o a
He b ega n to l ea rn too la te
mold
.
gi
mv
ha g , is Fa te ,
’
S he s a r
ile
m
F or she le t hi ha his p
‘
e ,
Wh n h d fou nd th G old n K
e e
’
e e ey .
mm
Mul tirnill iona ire is he ,
oul dn t t d
m
’
B ut at tha t I w ra e
With th b g in th t h d
m m
e ar a a e a e.
C h a ny y s g
e ere a ea r a o,
on y hung b d
m m
H d th a e e -
er a
on y p iggish d ;
m
M d f a or e , a
m
Didn t l t j oy div t hi’
e a er ,
m
D idn t l t so ow hu t hi
’
e a rr r ,
m
Just w tch hi to d y a a
S ee hi trying t p la y
m
o .
H s co e b ck f r b lue skies
’
e a o ,
B ut they in n w guis ’
re a e e
Winte s h ll is g a y
r
’
ere , a r ,
m
The b i rds a r wa y e a ,
The e do ws e b rown a ar ,
The l v s lie a g ou nd
ea e r ,
Of wa t s is fu l ing
m
er , r
Its bo so in ic e .
To b uy wh t h sol d a e .
H kno ws n w th cost
m
e o e
Of th S p ring ti e h l o st -
e e ,
Of th fl ow s b to ss d
m
e er e e
F o r his w y a ,
And , sa y ,
He d p a y ’
ic if
md
Any p r e the da y
C beoul d a e not so g y ra .
m
He
’
pla y
ca n t
—HE RB E RT KAUFMAN
.
. Use d by p er i ion
ss
of E v erybody s
’
Ma g a zine .
f m
Cha nge M o Te po Prevents onotony
c n y in c g b fo indo dding
ch m
The a ar the a e e re the w w is a to
on b n o o undoub
ou d h v g h d i do m f om ong of
te . K S ha d ee an ra t r he t
f om b Im
edly w l a e a t ere w s r the s the
ild bi d ll gin ong
mm u o i h
w r s as we as r the ees a e a s
i n ih
wr tte wt qu no b ut a rter tes . I ag e an a t wt
only one s ee p d .
E FFICIE NCY THROU GH A G
CH N E OF P CE A 45
EXE RCI S ES
I . No te the cha ng e of
p in th te mo in
e fo ll o wing dic a ted ,
m m
.
,
m
.
c ng of p o i c d fo ll o i g
m
3 U se
. the ha es te n di a te in the w n ,
THE MOB
m
A MOB KILL S TH E WRON G MAN wa s fl a shed in a newspa per
CRE ATE S .
ATE
m
Utter a g rea t truth AND THE MOB WILL H YOU . S ee how it
conde ned D N A TE t o E X ILE . E ncounter the da ng ers o f the unknown
world for its benefi t, AND THE MOB WIL L DE CL RE YOU CRA Z A Y . It
ridiculed COL UMB US , a nd for discov ering a new world GA VE
m m
HI M P RI S ON A ND CHAI NS .
Write a
poe to thrill hu a n hea rts with plea sure AND THE MOB ,
m
OF THE TO
T Y
mon y m
“
F UL ON
’
S FOLL , as they ca lled his little stea boa t .
is an !
. ta r es e t th n tu
e of th b e st
o e a re e a . I ts
fit hour of a ctiv ity IS N I G HT ITS ACTION S A
. RE INS ANE lik , e its
whole constitution . I t persecutes a p rinci —
ple IT WOULD WH IP A
RIG HT It w oul d . f j u tic by inflic ting fi nd ut ta r a n d ea the r s e re a o
b sp i i t t lk b o d in u land tod y Ev ry
m m
Th e o r s a s a r a o r a . e
m
48 p son kill d b y ob s in th Unit d S t t s in 19 13 ; 64
m
w e re er s e e e a e
in 19 12 nd 71 in 19 11 A ong th 48 l st y w wo n
m
, a . e a ea r e re a a
m m
H oly L a nd to kill a nd a ng le the hea then . I n the sev enteenth
m
PE OPL E WE RE E XE C U , .
, WITH IN
F ORWI CHCRAF T
Two thousa nd yea rs a g o the ob yelled , T
”—
.
“
REL E A S E UN TO US B ARA B B AS AND B RA B B S WA S A A A
MU RD E RE R!
-
m
Fro a n E ditoria l by D C in . . L eslie
’
s Weekly , by per m ission .
unl ik TIME
m
P resent da y bu sin ess is -
as e OL D -
B U S INE S S as the
A unlik VE NTION
md
OL D TIME OX C RT is
- -
e the p resent -
da y loco otiv e . IN
ha s a e the whole world ov er a g a in . The ra ilroa d , teleg ra ph,
v bound o l of ATIONS into
m
telephone ha e the p e p e MOD E RN N FAM
m
Any is e p ha t a nd w
m
a tten tion You a y sca rcely be consciou s tha t a p a sseng er
m
.
be a rrested a t onc e
m m
.
m m
,
—
to re e b er it the l o ng est da y yo u I don t c are if yo u ve
’ ’
g u n p up d h d liv d in
m m
i T h h
m
g ot S x s . e a rt t o t e a s wa s e ere
m
.
m
,
m
m
, e a s w e r or a , e, e r a , a e
m
f r I w s rich in fl ow s nd t s hu ing b irds a nd honey
m
o . a er a ree ,
-
y sp o rt th squ i l p l y d ; p li d th snout d ol
m
be s ; f
e or e rre a e e e e e
mm m
a nd th ou gh th night whi sp ring t the g d n w ll t lk d wi th
mm m
r e , e a ar e a , a e
m
e f o f ll t f ll ; in th sa nd ri
r a o a d p ick l p ond ; ine e e -
e ere
pp l s of H p rid s ! S till y ho ri on g w l g r gr w
m m
a e s
es e e y , a z re , ar e e
ric h s t ;e ll th w o l d I s w
, oo ,
a kn w se ed a co p lex Chin se
e r a or e e e
toy f shione d f r
, a b a r fo ot b y J G WHITTIE R
o a e o -
. . .
m
m m
c a reful in regula ting yo ur te p o not to g et yo ur
mm m
Be
ove ent too fa st This is a co on fa ult wi th a a teur
m
.
m
dred yea rs ag o th ere wa s used in edic a l ci rc les a prepa
ra tion k nown as the S h o t g u n re edy ; it wa s a ix m
E FFICIE NCY TH ROU GH A G
CH N E OF P CE A 49
m D efin e te
po
o d com f om moo
? .
Wh
mn by ch ng of m
9 at w r s e r the sa e r t?
Wh
9 at po
is ea t a a e te ?
W c g in d by
N mh mhod of d oy ng m
9 ha t effe ts a re a e it?
9 a e t ono ony
ree et s estr i t a nd
g i ng fo c in p king
ch ng of m
a ni r e S ea .
o po in conv ion
ll m
6 . N te the a es te a ersa t or
p ch h you h
s ee t W at hy d Why ea r . ere t e we a e? ?
Illustra te .
Rea d
l c ion on p g
m
7 . t s a es
se e 34 3 5 3 6 3 7 a n d 3 8 , , , , ,
, ,
mm m
wh ere the te p o a y b e ch a ng ed to a dva n ta g e .
ou sco nd v n y s g u f th b ought fo th up on
F r re a se e ea r a o, o r a e rs r r
t th p o p o ition th t ll
o e r n c t d qu l N w W
s a a e a re rea e e a . o e a re
m m
n ti n
a o so e e a so e a e -
ca e re .
W t on g t b ttl fi ld of th t w W
'
e a re e et t
a rea a e e a ar . e a re o
l g n w c nnot d dic t w c nn ot n
m
B ut in , a ar er se se , e a e a e, e a co se
d d wh t u ggl d h
ea , h v con c t d it f
o s r bov u e ere , a e se ra e , ar a e o r
p ow t d t ct Th w o l d will v y l ittl no t n
mm
t dd er o a or o e ra . e r er e e or
l ong b wh t w y h ; but it n n v fo g t wh t
re e er a e sa ere ca e er r e a
th y did h
e ere .
It is f u th l i ing th
or t b d dic t d h
s, t th un
e v , ra er , o e e a e e re o e
d dic t d t th g t t k in ing b fo
m
for us t b h o e e re e a e o e re a as re a e re
th t c ua f which th y h
a se g v th l t full
or u of d e ere a e e as ea s re e
v oti n ; th t w h
o highly olv th t th d d h ll n t
a e e re re s e a e se ea s a o
h v di d in v in ; th t th n tion h ll und G d h v
m m
a e e a n w a e a S a , er o , a e a e
bi th of f do nd th t gov n nt of th p op l by th
m
r re e , a a er e e e e, e
p op l
e f th p o p l
e, h ll n t p i h f o
or th e th e e, S a o er s r e ea r .
— AB RAH AM L INCOL N .
A PLEA FOR C UB A
T
[ his d libe era tiv e or a tion w a s d eliv d b S t Th
er e y en a or u r st o n in the Unit e d
sS t
S ta t e M h 2 4 1 898
en a e o n C a rci l , . It i d d i f ll i h
s r e cor e n u n t e ong ress on a
R d f th t d st h di d i C b A d i
tm
ecor M o Th t a a te . rs . u r s on e n u a . s a y ng re q u e s e
d h h sb d wh w i ti t
ur g e er u an d hi st
o as nv e s ga i ff i i
ng a h i l dt a rs n t e s an o o s u o
—h
, ,
t i d th U it d S t t s t i t thi ti !
m m
m
o n u ce e n e a e o n e rv e n e en ce s ora on
M P id nt I r . h by co
re s nd of il nt lip s t sp a k
e , a e re a s e o e
m
b h on st con
e v tiv nd ju t I h v no p u p o t ti
e , se r a e, a s . a e r se o s r
to t th d u ti s n d n c s i ti
ee of A ic n sp onsibility
e e a e e s es er a re ,
5 2 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
the U nit d S t t Think of th sp ct cl ! W
e a es . f ding th e e a e e a re ee es e
ci tiz n s of S p in ; w
e nu ing th i sick ; w
a s ving su ch
e a re rs e r e a re a
m
a s n b
ca s v d nd y t th
e a e th o s wh still
, a y it i right
e e re a re e o sa s
f r us to s nd f ood b u t w u t k p h nd ff I y th t the
m m m
o e , e s ee a s o . sa a
W sk d th gov no if h kn w f ny li f f th
e a e e er r e e o , a re e or ese
n t o W sked hi
. e a Wh n do you think th ti will co , e e e e
th t th s p op l
a e e n b p l c d in
e p o si tion of
e ca lf sup p ort ? e a e a se -
m
g t gov n nt of th Unit d S t t s will nsw r tha t qu stion
rea er e e e a e a e e .
”
of th Unit d S t t
e will nsw th t qu stion
e a es a er a e .
m m m
e ee g re ea rs a o, a a s a a .
a nd u nd r th ha s b utche d o p op l th n ll th other
m m
e e re re e e a a e
m
He isp h
m
! ere
Th ti f r a c tion h s co No g a son f
m
e e o t it a n
a e . rea e r re or c
m
exi t t orrow th n xists t d y Ev ry hou s d la y onl y
s o -
a e o -
a . e r
’
e
m
a dd s a noth r ch p t t the wful sto y of is y nd d th
e a er o a r er a ea
—
.
m m
O nl y n o
p w
o r n
e in t rv n e th Uni te d S ta t s of A
e ca rica
e e e e e .
Ou s is the on g
r t n tion in th w o l d th
e re a oth of A rica n
a e r , e er e
m
rep ub lic s S he hol ds p o ition of tru st and r sp on ibili ty to w rd
. a s e s a
th p e o p les a nd a ff i s of th whole W st rn H
m
e isp h
a r It e e e e ere .
to r i th fl g of lib erty in h
a se e a t rn a l hill s W ca nn ot r fuse er e e . e e
to cc p t this
a e sp on ib ili ty which th re G d of th u niv s hass e o e er e
W W
m
p la c d u peon u s s t h n g r a t p o w r
a in t h e N w or
e ol d e e e e e .
m
ca use there is b ut n voic of dissent ; tha t voice is the voice
o e e
c b ut b c u th y f th t d cl tion of w
m
p ea e, e a se th e ea r a a e a ra a r, or e
ff ct up on th tock k t L t th go Th y do n t p
m m m
e e e s ar e . e e . e o re re
nt A ic n nti nt ; th y do n t p nt A ic n
m m
se er a se e e o re rese er a
p t oti t k th i ch nc s th y Th i
m
a ri Le t th
s . n e a e e r a e as e ca . e r
o l of ni d y ill do fig ing i
m
p e p th e U t S t t T h e w n t th het ; th a es . e o e e r
ta k n ; th t is in t v n tion f
e a th ind p nd nc of th i l nd
, er e or e e e e e e s a .
of fo c a nd fo cr e, ns w r ; w n bl ood Th lowly
r e ea a ar ea s . e
to w d de p oil n l v d g d nd t v t d th
m
n wh
ar e o s , e s a e, e ra e, a s ar e o ea
th i f ll ow I b li v in th doct in of Ch i t I b li v
mm
e r n
e -
e . e e e e r e r s . e e e
Int v ntion er ns fo c F o c
e ns w Wea ns r e . r e ea ar . ar ea
nity nd lib ty v b n w n xc p t by fo c ? Wh t b r i
a a er e er ee o e e r e a a r
xc p t by fo c ?
m
e e r e
F o c co p ll d th
r e ign tu of unwill ing oy lty t th g t
e e e S a re r a o e re a
b t with n k d h nd up on th i on g t w y of th B til
m m
ea a e a s e r a e a e as e
m
to d th cl oud on L ookout H ight ; fo c
m
t n
a g oo nd a, a s r e e s e s r e
ch d with S h n t th s od wi th S h id n in th
m
ar e er a o e ea , r e er a e
v ll y of th S h n ndo h nd g v G nt victo y t Ap p t
m
a e e e a a , a a e ra r a o a
tox ; fo c v d th Union k p t th t s in th fl g
r e sa e e d , e e s ar e a , a e
54 THE ART OF P U B LI C S P E AKING
m m d mg in
mic n
nigg s Th ti fo ce h co
m m k
’
ern e . e e for G o s r as e a a . Let
th i p ssion d l ip of A
e a e s er a pa triots onc o e re ta e up the
song
s s ss th
m m
In the b ea u ty of th e lilie , Chri t wa s b orn a cr o e s ea ,
With yi s
mm m mf
a g l or n His b o o th a t transfi g ur es y ou a nd e;
dt
m
As H e di e o a ke en h oly , l et us d ie to a ke en re e ,
While G od is a r chi ng
"
m i o m oc in o m
on .
l omic n go i ion ic mn d l y
Others ay he s ta te , thers ay pr ra st a te , thers ay
pl d fu
m m dy m c ion m dy
ea for rther dip at e t at , wh h ea s e a ;
mcon ci nc mcoun y m
b ut for e, I a rea to a ct n ow , a nd for y a t I a rea
to a nsw er to y s e e, y tr , a nd y G od .
JAME S MELL E N TH U RS ON T .
CHAPTER VI
PA U S E AND PO WE R
u bu in of th lit y ti t i t p l it w v his
m
The tr e s e ss e e ra r ar s s o a or ea e
n ng nvolving it ound it lf ; ch nt nc by
h ll fi t com
ea i , I th t ar se so a ea se e e,
p u di tinctiv v lu xp d in
in oth wo d whil th voic i w iting th m
h a se as a s e a e, e resse
sil nc ; u ic
of th m m
T m
e e er r s, e e e s a , e s
ov nt i going on n g it wi th it
d lic ci nd co p n tion qui th t mfin n of m
e e e s o a a e , s
m m
e a es a e sa s , re re s a sa e e e ss ea r
p n tion wh n th p u i in dv t n t
m
th ere s e sa , e e a se s a er e
th i
ere n of j ol ting nd l ck if o p in f t ning h d
s a se se a a , as s e or as e a
f ll n ut
a e o .
m
.
m
- - -
a nd uh uh I S ho ul d sa y er
— tha t is not p a u si ng ; tha t is
m m
- - - -
—
tive in sp i te of stu b li ng b ut n ever b ec a u se of it
mm m
.
a b so rb ed a nd a ssi il a te d it
m
.
in ining bo h co ll g u p k
m
p er ien c e tra t e e en a nd a t re r s ea ers
m mf i nd md is wond rful
m
Th is n a , y r e s, ha s a e th e sa crifi ce
for you nd
a e .
”
in effec tiveness?
m
Na tura lly eno ugh d uring a p re edi ta ted p a use of th i s
m
,
m m
he - “
he is enforcing b y his a pp ea l .
—
Concentra tion then is the big word here no p a u se
m
, ,
I . Pa use Ena bles the Mind of the S pea ker to Ga ther His
It is often
da ngerous to rush into b a ttle wi thout p a using
for prep a ration or wa iting for recruits Consider Cu ster s
m
’
.
m
.
m m
,
a p a use is a de n a ture ha s ti
,
e to g a th er her reserv e
mm
m m
.
is hu a n S ilenc e is divin e
,
.
58 THE ART OF PU B L IC S PE AKING
S i l enc e ha s
b een c a lled the fa ther of sp eech It S houl d
m
.
m
be Too
i
. .
Your M essa ge
—
S o it is a nd a ll p erf ec t o tion is rhy th Pa rt of rhy th .
m m
-
.
,
m p p fo mf n a chieves it Even
mnn in
a tte ts to er r a ea t, a nd the .
m inc
d lib
the e era te a er which he a rra ng es the p re
li ina ries x rea ses our e p ec ta tion — we l ik e to b e k ep t
wa i ting I n the l a st a ct of the pl a y
. Po lly of the Ci rcu s
,
”
,
m
.
It is this sa e p rincipl e of su sp en se th a t h o l ds yo u in a
m —
S h erl oc k Ho l es sto ry yo u wa i t to see how the y stery m
is so lv ed a nd if it is so lv ed too soon y o u throw down the
,
ta l e u nfini shed Wilki e Collin s rec eip t for fiction wri ting
m m m
’
.
a ke e wa i t Above a ll el se a k e the wa i t ;
m
weep ;
’
.
m
Thu s p a u se is a va lu a b l e i nstru en t in the ha nd s of a
tra i ned sp ea k er to a ro u se a nd a in ta i n su sp en se We onc e
m
.
his d a y .
4 . P a using After An I m
p orta nt I dea Gives it Ti m e to
P enetra te
—
clo thes in wa ter a nd pa uses for severa l ho urs tha t the
m
wa ter a y soa k in The p hy sicia n puts coca in e on yo ur
—
.
mu n ov c f m ok
y yo u m v
the t r it er . S ee wha t effe t it ha s . A ter the s e
cl no i c ll on
mubj c b fo you d m
ea rs a wa ay ha e to fi re a ther 14 -
n h S he
ol i ci d l of o
k im on
the sa e s e t e re e sh the ta e r
e r r
h yo u yi g d o
m
t at a re tr n to estr y . Ta e t e . D
’
t let
o u p ch b l ho ou do
y p nd fif n m
y r s ee rese e t se t rists who try to
N o k in
Y inu looking
m pi c
da y The
M o o l i n M u um
ew r a . s e tee tes
of
m M u um
at the a ster e es in the etr p ta se Arts,
i u in of N u l i o y k
qu iumhu y c o
ten n tes the se a t ra H st r ,
ta e a
p in o A ookly n
om
eep t the ar ,
rr a r ss the Br
Br idg u e, r sh up b ck b y n b
to the Zoo , a nd a Gra t
’
s T
c ll ing o k If y o u
“
b y y ou New Y
im
a nd a tha t S ee r . ha sten r
p o n p oi
rta ti ho u p u ing yo u u nc
n ts wt i ll t a s ,
r a die e w
ha ve ju st a bo ut a s a dequa te a n idea of wha t y ou ha ve
tri ed to co nv ey
m m
.
momn —
ha lt a momn y of b ng f om ll
m n omc v n
A
’
t the we
’
e s e ta r ta ste ei r
—nd lo c d
f om —O m
a i d the w a ste a ! the p ha t a ra a ha s re a he
the nothin g it se t ou t r h ak e ha ste !
The w
—
o ldl y hop
r e m en i u on— u n
se t the r hea rt s p t r s a she s
is on th win g e
mk
.
You will o o i g c
p un tu a t ion ha ve
m
n te tha t the ar s n th n
m
You .
l o f of b d nd thou b id
a re a inging in th wil d n
a es e e S e er ess
—
Oh wil d n w p di now
er e ss ere a ra se e
m
.
th n b fo
m
And n ea rerl clea rer l d dli ea er a e re .
Ar it is it is th c nnon o p ning o
’
, ARM -
e a s e r ar !
It is not n e essa r c
y to dwell a t length up on these obvious
distinc tion s You will ob serv e tha t in n a tura l conversa
.
m m
,
—
urdered a o squi to ! ”
m
The p a u se dra a tic a lly h a ndl ed a lwa ys drew a la ugh
m
, ,
m
,
m m
,
“
He ha d Visi ted Nia g a ra Fa ll s a nd wa s to a k e a n ora tion
m
a t B uffa l o the sa e da y b ut u nfo rtu n a tely he sa t too
, , ,
m m
'
~
,
mm
declared Gentle en I ha ve b een to l ook upon yo ur ag
— — —
, ,
-
feet high ! Gentle en Greece a nd Ro e in their p a l i est
— —
m ,
m m
da ys never ha d a ca ta ra ct one hundred a nd forty seven
feet high ! ’
Were they the b est tha t coul d have b een used ? Illustra te
—
.
4 R ea
. d a l o u d se l e c tion s on pa ges 50 54 pa ying ,
m
.
m
night ? his n w will b I L th
m
”
a s er pp t e o, e o a ea re
m
Knowing th p ic w u t p y I th c ifice I w ust
m m
e r e e s a , e sa r e
k Ith bu d n Iw u t c y Ith sa ul t Iw u t n
a e, e r e s e s a rr , e as s e s e
t its c t in t iu p h I
oo , er a r .
st ong do w n w dv nc up on th n i of th p p l IFor
m m
r , e o a a e e e e es e eo e .
th c l l th t co
e a s t us i th c ll th t c
a e to ur f th s As e a a a e o o a ers .
th y p ond d h ll w
m
e re s e , so S a e .
H h th o und d fo th
e a t u p t Ith t h ll n ve
s e r a r e a s a e r
c ll t t
m m
a re rea ,
H i sifting ut th h
e s t s of n Ib fo
o His j u dge nt ea r e e re e
mI
sea t .
Oh b e , swift Iour o
s ul s to a n swer Hi , be j ubila nt
f
mc
ou r e et ,
ng on
m m
Our G od Iis hi
—
ar .
TJ
mf
A LBER . BE VE RID GE , Fro his speech a s te pora ry cha ir
an o P rog ressive Na tiona l Conv ention , Chica g o, 19 1 2 .
66 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
us g the pa use :
ont st n w the i cu sta nc s of your lif an d e g ntly m m
m
C ra o C r e e , e
m
fo tun th y woul d e ch of th p r f You ta u ght r ding
m
r e e a e e er . ea ,
b ro k do wn nd I hi s d you h v wo k d as a sta t s n f r
m m
e , a s e : a e r e e a o
mm m
th e e e , or . a e re e
d y I
a on y p ob tion f
a c own nd cknowl dg d r a or a r , a a a e e
th t t d
a t onc b sil nc d by n t g ttin g a fif th p a rt of
ra e , or a e e e e o e
mk
.
pp al s of o to s ; w s th p l ch k s of wo n nd th
m m
a e ra r e ee e a e ee e a e
flu h d f c s of n ; nd in tho s bl g s w s ll th
s e a e e a se a se a e e ee a e
no o W with th wh n th y nl ist in th g
m m m m m
of th e re . t e a re e e e e e rea
y of f do W p tf o tho th y l ove So
m m
ar thre e . e see e ar r se e . e
a rew lking f th l t ti
a in qui t w oody p l c s with th
or e as id ns e e a e e a e
th y do
e W h a th whi p ing
re . nd th ew t vows ofea r e s er s a e s ee
ov c dl ki ing b bi s th t sl So c iving
m m m
er ra es , p ss a e a a re a ee . e a re re e
t th ir h g in nd g in nd y
m
th e nd p s th
a t
re s e o e ea r s a a a a a , a sa
b v wo ds S p ok n in th ol d ton t d iv f o th i h t th
m
ra e r e e es o r e r e r ea r s e
a wful f W s th ea r p t W
. th wif e t nding in th
ee e ar . e see e e s a e
68 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
Rep ub lica n y of 1800 did in n word its f ith nd
m
as the p a rt , o e , a a
its wo ks E qu a l x ct j u tic t ll n Ev n wh n it ”
r , a nd e a s e o a e . e e
which r nd th t t iu p h n w both ea sy
e er a nd cert in
r The o a a .
ity a nd r p ro a ch It l i s in th f c t th t it is p a ty of on id a ;
e e e a a a r e e
—
.
m m
b t t
u h a t is a no b l on n id ea th t fi ll s n d xp nd s ll g n
e e a a a e a a e
I kno w a nd yo u know th t
, ev olution h s b gu n I know , a a r a e .
,
m
a nd ll the wo l d knows tha t revolution s n ve r go b a c kwa rd
a r , e .
m
Tw n ty sena tors nd
e hu nd d p r sen t tiv s p roc la i
a a b ol dl y re re e a e
m
gov rn nt of th Unit d S t t s und th condu ct of th D o
e e e e a e , er e e e
cra tic p a ty h s b e n r , ll th t ti e su
a nd ring one p l in a nd
e a a rre e a
the fo c s wi th which to
r e cov b ck g in ll th fields nd all re er a a a a e a
fo ve —W H S E WARD
,
do re r . . . .
CHA PTER VII
E FF I C I E N CY TH ROU G H IN FL E C TI ON
How s e m
oft th u ic of tho vill g b ll s s se a e e ,
F ll ing t int v ls up on th
a a er a e ea r
In c d nca w t ; n w dying ll w y
e e s ee o a a a ,
N w p ling l ou d g in nd l ou d till
m
o ea a a , a er s ,
Cl e nd sono ou s
ar a th g l co s on !
r , as e a e e
With sy fo c it op ns ll th c lls
m
ea r e e a e e
Wh M o y S l p t
e re e r e
—
.
odul
ion of the tones of the voice in
m
m m
he ea t the at
is litera lly ultip lied by this sub tle power to sha de the
mm
voca l tones a nd this voic e sha ding we c a ll inflection
,
-
.
— m
bricks infl ection will a ke of the a pave ent a gara ge m m , ,
m
It
is not so u ch wha t yo u sa y a s how yo u sa y it
m m
m
.
,
m
given us a p enetra ting exa ple of the effect of inflec tion :
m
I n her i p ersona tion of the p a rt of La dy M a cb eth Mrs , .
— —
is the true rea ding We fa il wi th the S i pl e p eriod
m
,
m m
to b e
foreign l a ngua ge a nd its correct use is the ain ele ent in
,
Th ere are but two kinds of infl ec tion the ri sing a nd the
m m
,
m m
odul a tion a s ay b e illustra ted by either one or two
lin es stra ight or curved thus :
, ,
S h a rp ri sing
Long ri sing
L evel
\
\
L ong fa ll ing
S h a rp fa lling
S ha rp ri sing and fa ll ing A
S h a rp fa ll ing a nd ri sing
v
Hesi ta ting
E FFICIE NCY THROU GH IN LE C ION F T 71
m
, a ster in
m m
.
m
S a y good bye to a n i a gina ry p erson wh o
-
yo u exp ec t
to see a g a in to orro w ; then to a d ea r fri end yo u n ever
m m
I have ha d a delightful ti e when sp oken a t the
m
,
m
m
a l tog eth er dif feren t infl ec tion th a n the sa e words sp oken
b etween lovers who have enj oyed the selves Mi ic the m .
S a uel Mervin
—
.
At S e M h 28th
m
a a rc .
m
Ev ry ev ning ince th ship l ft V nco uv h ha s p side d
m m
e e s e e a er e re
ov r th
e ro und t b l
e in th iddl of th s oking roo
a e Th re e e e -
. e
s e .
Th y t ll is in th B ritish S rv ic j udg so e
m
e th t h e e a e e e e a e
the .
m
.
S oul s t so ul c n n v t ch
m
o s a e er ea
Wh t unto th lv s w s t ught a e se e a a
—CRANCH
.
m m
.
m
od ion until you co
ul a t m
e to the la st two s yllab les ,
as
indica ted
m
,
tinctly .
m
The .
sen tenc e
m m m
.
el ee o syna ry a nd destro y
,
“
.
in i u ion
st t t ; it is the a se ev eryc of coll ge in
e ou r l nd
a . It is ore;
4 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKI NG
it is the ca se of y l syn y in stitution throu ghout our
ev er e ee m o ar
the p thw y of l if
a S i yo u y dest y this littl institution
a e . r, a ro e
.
,
in th lit y ho i on of u count y Y u y p ut it ut B ut
m m
e era r r z o r r . o a o .
l nd !
m
a
tho
m m
wh l
se it ! o ove
m mm
S ir I know n t h w o th s
, y f l b ut a s f y lf wh n I
o o er a ee , or se e
e e a e se ,
right h nd h v h tu n t
a nd s y And th u to
a e y s n!
er r o e a a o o, o
—DANIEL WE B S TE R
, ,
m m m m
, , ,
m
m
a y b e ex
e m m
ti se a ll the tec h nic a l p rincipl es tha t weh a ve thu s fa r ha d :
pha sizing i p orta nt words subordina ting uni p ort
a nt wo rd s va ri ety of p i tch c h a nging te p o pa use a nd
,
m
m
, , , ,
CHARLES I
We cha rge mi
m
ving b ok n his co on tion o th ; a nd
m
hi w th ha r e r a a
t d of p r l t s ;
m
h t h d d nd h d h
o -
ea e a nd th
ar d f nc is
-
ea r e e a e a e e e e ,
m
su hi f h vin g vio l t d th
re or ticl s of th P ti tion of Right
a a e e ar e e e ,
ob s rv th ; nd w info d th t h wa s a ccusto d to
m
e e e a e a re r e a e e
m
a e e, e e
er a e res , a
. . .
AB RAHAM LINCOLN
We needed o d p ut on p a p r th t h b elieved
m
no t tha t he sh ul e a e
Sl va y by it inion sl
er , in l ying s d ni s, ew hi a nd s a hi, a e a
w s sl in ; A ic w s nt Th c t down ; the
m m
a a n w er a a ea . e a as as
m
e . as a a e, rea ree a ea
m
b n fi n
e e th t w
ce ce , a as s . e, e a , e
b ut th t woul d n t h v c ll d fo th th ud s blow
m
’
a It
o a e a e r e r ere r .
m
w s b ca u s h tood in th p l c of gov n nt p nting
m
a e e e s e a e er e , re re se
th t h w s singl d ut
m m
a e a e o .
nt of v y co p ct nd w ll o g ni d gov n nt It w s
m m
e , e er a a e -
r a ze er e . a
stig ti it s
a d d without S h d of d ing light
ze a a ee a a e re ee .
Th b l ow how v
e h ign lly f il d Th c u is n t st ick e er , as s a a e e a se o r
n ; it is st ngthen d b ut in t rs
m
e re e . a a s e , ea
py id in E gyp t This p op l
ra n ith w t d n d unt d . e e a re e er as e , or a e ,
no di o d d M n h t l v y nd l ov lib ty wi th st ong r
m
r s r e re . e a e S a er a e er r e
nd l ov t d y th n v b fo Th G ov n nt i
m
h ta e a e o -
a a e er e re . e er e s
k n d it is d t ong
m m m m m
n t w
o ea e e , a e s r er .
ty i oving in t iu p h l ch ighti r
m
And n w th o e ar r s r a ar , e
t h n wh n l iv
a Th n tion i
e up a t v ry st g of his
e . e a r ses a e e a e co
m
e a s ts
a e a re s a -
ea re r a e a ea
— —
.
,
p e k th ! Is W shington d d ? Is H p d n d d ? I D vid
m
s a e a ea a e ea s a
d d ? Is ny n d d th t v w fi t t liv ? D is nth ll d
ea a a ea a e er as o e e ra e
l if n b e P s on thou th t h st ov co ! Y ou sorrows
e ca . as , a a er e r .
78 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
o l c ou b ll s b nds md
m ound m
0 pe p e , a re his p ea e ! Y r e , a nd a , a nd uffl e
d ru iu in his W il
mk ph
m
s s tr ea r . a a nd weep here ;
G od a es it e cho j oy nd t iu a r p h the re . Pa ss on , th ou
Victo !
ook f omyou m
r
F ou y un t i d ll inois d
m mm m m
r ea rs a g o , 0 I , we t r r i st a n r e
th wo l d G iv hi pl c y p i i ! In th id st of this
m
’
e r s . e a e, e ra r e s e
m m
g t Contin nt hi dust sh ll t
re a c d t u t y i ds
e s a re s , a sa re rea s re o r a
wh S h ll k p il g i g t th t sh in t kindl n w th i
m m m
o a a e r a e o a r e o e a e e r
p l c s of th W t c h n t his q ui ! Y p op l b hol d
m
a e e es , a re e e e e, e a ar
ty who
r, b l ood s ny in ticul t wo d p l ds f fid lity
se as o a ar a e r s, ea or e
—
, ,
f
or l w f r lib ty l HE NRY WARD B E E CHE R
a , o er .
The v nt which w co
e e o t is ll i p o t nt n t ly e m
mm e ra e a -
m r a , o m ere
in u wn nn ls b ut in tho s of th wo ld Th s nt ntious
m
o r o a a , e e r . e e e
nd of ll inqu i i s of a t p o l n tu th hi sto y
m m
is n a , a a r e e ra a re , e r
ing B ut n t ll th ch p t s of hu n hi tory
. o a l ik i p o rt
e a er a s a re a e
a nt Th
. nn l s i u c h v b n fill d up wi th incid nts
e a a o o r ra e a e ee e e
co p ny of nk ind Hi tory
a it h s of t n b n w ri tt n
a . s , as a e ee e ,
fo tun s of u f ll ow n h v b n t t d onl y s f s th y
m
r e o r e -
e a e ee rea e o ar a e
h v b n ff c t d by th influ nc of th g
a e ee a e t e st s nd d s e e e e re a a er a e
t y s of u
ro er c S uch hi to y is I will n t s y wo thl s
o r ra e . s r , o a a r es
tu dy f it i n c y f u t know th d k S id w ll
m
s , or s e e ssa r or s o e ar e as e as
lib ty with so ow
m
er rr .
B u t th hi to y of l ib ty— th hi to y of n st u ggling t b
m
e s r er e s r e r o e
f — th hi to ry of h v cqui d nd x ci ing
m mm
ree n wh
e s e o a e a re a a re e er s
su b j c t whic h w
e c nnot cont p l t t cl o ly Thi is th e a e a e oo se . s e
E FFICIE NCY THROU GH F
IN LE C ION T 79
i l of dv ity
i s ; th tri l of p o p ity is
m m
The tr a a ers wa s the r e a r s er
ou s L t u n wh kno w th ir du ty n d p ri
m m
r . t it
e s ee th ir
as e o e a ze e
t t s —
of con i u ion l f do is s f If w f il if w f il n t onl y
t a ree a e . e a e a o
f o u f th b ut w bl t th hop es of th f i nd of lib ty
r o r a e rs , e as e e r e s er
w o l d t th nd of ti
m
r , o e e e .
Hi to y is n t without h x p l of h d fought fi l ds wh
m
s r o er e a es ar -
e , ere
m
th b nn of lib ty has flo t d t iu p h ntly on th wil d t
m m
e a er er a e r a e es
th d e bought t u h b n wi ly p loy d n d s f ly
ea r -
re as re as ee se e e a a e
m
ha nd d down e Th y s of th wo l d . tu n d f th t
e e e e r a re r e or a ex
p l t us
m
a e o .
w g th up on th g
e a er n tu f onc w t with p ciou blood—l te ree r , e e re s e
f ily of A ic n f
a n ! L t th g of p ty p i it l p
er a ree e e e ra e ar S r S ee
olv th t u chil d n h ll h v c u t
mm
to d y !
-
aL t us e re s e a o r re S a a e a se o
bl s th ory of th ir f th w h v c u t bl
mm
es e e th e a ers , a s e a e a se o e ss e
e o y of ou r— E D WARD E VE R TT rs E .
CHA PT ER VIII
Attention is the
b e high low ; its fi l d of Vi w n
mc o co
of th ent l y Its p ow i r s
ow b ro d Wh n high
ay pe e m a e e . m er
m
or e e a rr or a . e
m
p ow r is u s d tt n tion is confin d wi thin v y ci cu
e e a e crib d e er r s e
see s b ut f w thing s b ut th s
e f w a ob s rv d through nd
, e e e re e e
“
a
th ou gh M nt l n gy a nd ctivi ty wh th of
”
r e a e er a , e er
hea t d s t on fi e I p ssions a so d p th t th y n n v r
m
e , e r . re re ee a e ca e e
m
ffa c d Att ntion of this sort is th p ri condition of the
m
be e e . e e e
DANIEL PUTNAM P sy h l gy , c o o .
of yo ur h ea d forwa rd a nd b a ckwa rd
mm
Try to rub the top
—
distinc t th o ugh ts a b so lu tely si ul ta n eo usly tha t wh a t m
m m
,
m
a s in the a bov e ci ted exp eri ent the a tten tion ust shift
m
-
mm
mm
it is undeni ab le tha t the ind ea surab ly loses grip on
one idea the o ent the a ttention 15 proj ected decidedl y
ahea d to a second or a thir d idea
m
.
m
g et w h e e t
m m
sp ea king one sentence do not think o f the sentence to follow
—
.
Wha t do yo u rea d y l o r d
,
? H a l et repl i ed ,
mm
The ,
W o ds without thoughts n v t
r e er o he v n go
a e .
mm
,
l o se noth ing by rep etition for the p erfec tly pa tent rea son
84 THE ART OF PU B LI C S PE AKIN G
m
e pha sis towa rd the clo se of ea ch sen tenc e .
3 . Te ll of a n y p e c ul i a r e t h od s yo u a y h a v e ob s erv e d
or h ea rd of by which sp ea kers ha ve so ugh t to a id th ei r
4 . W h a t eff e c t do su c h h a bi ts h a v e on th e a u di enc e?
to c h a ng e p i tch te p o a nd e ph a si s
, ,
.
exp ressing
— do not tro ub le abo u t the sentenc e or tho ught
tha t is co ing m Ha lf the tro ub l es of
. a nk ind a ri se fro m m
a n ticip a ting tri a l s th a t n ever occ ur Avoid thi s in sp ea k .
b eginning CONCENTRATE . .
WAR!
m
md
The l a st of the s v g
a instinct is w
a e s ar . Theca ve a n s club ’
a e la w a nd p ro cu d food Might d
re . ecree d right Wa rriors
.
were sa viours .
m
In Naza reth ca rp enter la id down the sa w a nd p ea ched the
a r
m m
b rothe hood of
r an Twelve centuries fterwa ds his foll owers
. a r
m
a rche d to th Hol y La nd t e destroy a ll who difi ered with theo
m m m
in the worship of the G od of Love Triu p hantly they wrote .
G er a mny nc
d n nd S p in w d f r thirty y rs
, Fra e, S we e , a a a rre o ea .
At Ma gd bu g
ut of w re kill d r g dl ss O
m
e r f se o e e e ar e x
m
ny schools w cl os d f thi d of c ntury
m m
or a g In G ee . r a ere e or a r a e ,
of h r citi ns w kill d b c u n qu
e ll d bout ze ere e , e a se e a rre e a
m
and snow sl p ing on th g ound , ting ta l food r st rv ing
ee e r , ea s e o a ,
inut f fifty c nt —
d y thi i th sol di s lif
m
’
a e, or e s a a s s e er e .
d d n this is th w g of w
mm m
ea e e a e ar .
h ous s ch co ting
e , ea W p y f l ov b ut p ps f r e ra or e re a re o
h t a e W p ch p c b ut quip f r w
. e rea ea e e o ar .
m m
ere a e ea es e a a r
G iv n t d e thi s wo l d f o
o re o ee r r e rr r,
Th w oul d b no n d of
ere n l nd fo t e ee a rse a a r .
fight F nc B ul g i fight Tu k y ?
m
ra e, or ar a r e
n vi of th
a es th w ill con titu t n int n tion l p olic
e ea r fo c s e a er a a e r e
t p o th p c nd th dov will t k th gl p l c
erse rv e e ea e a e e a e e ea e s
’
a e .
86 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKIN G
Our difi erences will b e
m m
l d by a n interna tion l court with the
sett e a
to e nf orc its
e a nd t s
a e . In tie s of p a c
e p r p a r for
e e e
m
of sin is d ea th
.
m m m
m
S hi o po se wder, which
its so e infl uence fro wi th a wa
m
out to expl ode it However susc ep tive to o utside sti uli
m
.
,
m m m
the true so urc e of p ower in a n l ies wi thinhi sel f Thi s .
m
pra ctica l b ea ring on pub lic sp eaking a s will app ea r
m
, .
Nor is Vio l en t —
o tion forc e yet forc e ay result in
m m
Violen t o tion Ha let co unseled the players : .
a ll g n tly ; fo in th v ry to r nt t p st nd ( s I y s y )
m m
e r e e r e ,
e e , a a a a
p n
e ra th t y giv it
ce , a oothn ss Oh it off nds
a t e s e .
, e e o
t t tt s t v y r gs t sp li t th s of th
m g undling ;
l
o a er , o er a , o e ea r e ro s
f
or a nything s ov don is f o th p u p os of p l ying whos
o er e r e r e a , e
n d bo th t th fi st ho l d
m
’
e ,
nd n w w s
a nd is t
e r s tw r , a o , a , a , o , a e e,
m
ir o up t N tu t how Vi tu h wn f tu S co n
m m
the r r o a re , o S r e er o ea re , r
T h s wh t i th p it p
1 o e o sat n e , or a r q ue .
F ORCE 89
o rw ig h whol th t of oth rs Oh th b p l y rs th t
’
e e a e ea er e ere e a e a
— d oth s p i nd th t highly—not
.
,
I h v seen p l y
a end h a a ea r er ra se , a a
th g it of Ch isti n p g n n h v tru tt d
m m
tianS n , or re a r a , a a , o a , a e so s e
mm
a nd b ll o w d th t I h v thought o of N tu j ourn y n
m m m m
’
e e a a e s e a re s e e
m
h d
a d n nd n ta a d th
e w ll th y i it t d hu
e , a nity o e e e , e a e a
S o bo in b ly
a a .
1
”— —
T R Winston S p encer Churchill a ttrib uted uch
m
. .
en ake the selves b eli eve for the ti e b eing tha t tha t
mm
one thing is the o st i p orta nt on earth Henc e they .
a nn er .
m m
ous ,
We ha ve a nswered inquiry in
very question itself
m
the the
-
he feels it : Conviction produces e otiona l tension S tu dy .
—
uscles this contra ction b efore the spring tha t a kes
m
, ,
a n a u dienc e feel
— al o st see the reserve p ower in a
sp ea k er m
I n so e rea lly wonderful wa y it is ore wha t a m
m
.
wi ll punc ture yo u
m
.
m
Growing out of thi s convic tion ten sion co es resolve to -
m
,
in th a t fa r m cquired :
m
a nd ay be a ideas , feeling a bout the
Ea c h
of these is ore or
m
sub ect,
j wording , a nd delivery .
.
, ,
mm
ventured It is h owever of the ut o st i po rta nc e tha t
you sho ul d b e a wa re of precisely how wording b ears up on
forc e in a sentenc e S tu dy The Working Principles of
.
mm m
, ,
or a ny o thers wh o se n a es a y ea si ly b e l ea rn ed fro
a ny tea ch er .
PLAI N wo rd s m o fo c ful h n o d l
m
m m
a re re r e t a w r s ess
co o ly un se —
d j uggle o Vigo h n
ha s re r t a
p r estidigi ta te .
—
tha n o ther wo rd s cra sh is ore effective tha n
ca taclys m .
connectives
m
Cut out .
“
End wi th wo rds th a t deserve di stinc tion ,
m m m m
ra ,
.
use is,
ore effective tha n a highl y for a l ,
m
,
”
of ca pturing the by a ssa ult?
m
uchu h in such a n a pp ea l but not a ll the
m m
There is tr t ,
—
of truth a re a ll essentia l indeed they a re a ll defi nite
m
, ,
m
,
of the ea l
m
.
a l a c k a d a i sic a l a nn er : e th a t the h o u se
mm
It see s to
is on fi re a nd yo ur a nno u nc e
,
en t a y b e g reeted
exi ts .
m
it see s to e ,
o p inion ” “
I upp o p h p u ”
m
y s , se er a s it,
is t r e T h e .
m
.
a g a i n st a Wl ndOW p a n e
— it ta kes a rifl e to w g a b ullet
thro ugh pl a te gl a ss a nd the o a k en wa ll s b eyond .
m
m
wi th dyn a ite to la y the fo unda tion s for a grea t b uil ding .
m
for the purp o ses of the pl a tfor tha t is why so few
m m
m m
as S O in prep a ring y our sp eech you
. ust not err on
h
t e S ide of il —
d sta te ent y our a udienc e will inevi tab ly
tone down y o ur wo rds in the col d grey o f a ftertho ugh t .
m m
, ,
m
.
—
livery be forceful .
3 W
. ha t is th e effec t of too u ch fo rc e m
in a sp ee c h ?
TOO l ittl e?
98 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKIN G
4 . No te o
s mun n ing conv ion
e i terest ersa t or ineffective
m im
p ch
s ee , a nd te ll h f il d
w y it a e .
m
5 . S uggest how it i t b e
gh p ov d r e .
m doing you
is the resul t?
8 . Rerea d v
se era l ti es, r b est c
to a hie e v
m
9 . a
o st forc e?
m
the
m
.
p ea c fu
el cha ng e ? N no ! in su c h a l nd d y n a
0, ite a n d th d gg er a e a
m mm
a r th n c ss ry nd p rop e sub stitutes f F neu il Ha ll
m
e e e e a a Any r or a .
m
thin g th t will a k th d a n qua k in his b edch b a nd
a e e a e a er ,
m
ro u se his victi s in to r c kl ss nd d sp t si st nc e This e a e era e re a e .
of ur civil i
o tion za
m
r e o a ar ,
m
p e op l nd whi ch
e, a ssu s t l d in ss rting th rights of
a e o ea a e e
hu a nity I — l t ca y no ng l —
no ing l ss no
m m
t s n s a thi eas n d th a e e a e ,
e er e a e r s e re a e
wo rd ! s
pra c tise on forc eful selec tion s use The Irrep ressi
m
For ,
“
Pa ss Pro sp eri ty Aro u nd pa ge 470 ; A Plea for Cub a , ,
pa g e 50 .
CHAPTER X
F E E L IN G AN D E N TH U S IA S M
E th n usi as m i s tha t c
se re t a nd ha r m
oniou i it
s sp r tha t h ov e rs
m m
’
,
m
.
th eir feeling s We lie on soft b eds sit nea r the ra dia tor
.
,
m
,
right N0 one but a dysp ep tic choo ses his diet fro
. a
m m
’
m
, ,
m
Pa trick Henry a de a n i orta l a ddress for in a n ,
m
ex c l a i ,
Giv e m
e lib erty or give e d ea th His fa e m . m
woul d h a ve b een different ha d he lived to day a nd a rg u ed -
,
is ore
effec tiv e th a n rea so ning How fa r th ey a re right d ep end s
.
m
.
mm
.
mdy m m
m
re e ha ddone for hi wa shed his fa c e in it to de on ,
m
er ts
m m
-
m
’
m
re
-
—
ter s the d esira bi li ty of esc a p ing b a l dn ess a nd p a id
n u i mn m
thusia s !
ill on c u ding in o oly nd H
d m f om n hu i m
E th s as se t i s r sa t the La
c n pl g d
n hu i m
to re ee it r the S a ra e s. E t s as un e
n h
m
se t t ree s a ship s i the w sea to the
o
S h res of o l d Wh n
a p ol on
n ew w y r . e Na e
’
s ar were
wo rn out a nd di scoura g ed in their as e c nt of the Alp s,
FEELIN G AND E N HU S I S M T A 105
It is not to be s m
lipp ed on l ik e a s oking j a cket A book .
ca nno t furnish —
y ou wi th it It is a growth an effect
. .
m
,
m
,
p erm nyon
it a e to s eap k to hi mb
n the a cts Of his etwee
—
S ha kesp erea n rol es for he wa s Ma cb eth th en not B ooth
m m
, .
D a n te exil ed fro
,
his b el oved Fl orenc e cond e n ed to ,
“
in to the spirit of his Pilg ri s Progress so thoroughly tha t
’
m
Turn er who lived in a ga rret a ro se b efore da yb rea k a nd
, ,
m illion sl a ves .
,
r —
the c a u se y o u a dvoc a te the c a se yo u a gu e enter in to it
m
’
, ,
m
.
, ,
m mo in u n i l l m n in h i ch c fl
l gio u l m lm
a sses, the st e t a e e
e t t e r a ra ter, is
n in inc iv n l
info m
the re i s e e e t . It is as st t e a nd e e e ta
as the la wof lf p v ion se -
ho l
reser at . It r s the w e in
p on li y of p opl o ul d
mh i unfo md
tellect a nd ers a t the e e . And h e who w
g ly influ nc p opl by
ho ugh m
rea t e e the e e utter g t e r r e
u h v h g un n lyz b l bond of
ym p y ih h m
t ts st a e t is rea t a nd a a a e
mof md h mlv pp
s a th wt t e .
Wh n Ul ster
omRul
e the en ar e t e se es to O ose the
p g of H of p n i
d m omR
a ssa e the e e Act one the rese t wr ters
ign d hu opic H
m
a ss e to a n dr e en e ul e as the t
dd p p d b y ch ong h g o up
omb i lli n p k mxp i nc d
for an a ress to b e re a re ea . A t is r
v l of
p oli ic l c m omof h i
were s e r a t s ea ers, se era the e er e e
l y p ign
mk bl kno l dg g of
a w ers a nd t a a a ers . S e t e r ad
d ho d
m
resses s we a re ar a e w e e a nd ra sp the
sub j ce oh t; t clo h d in
ers o were c iv t e the st a ttra t e
m m
,
,
.
m
,
“
Nature is forever p utting a p re iu on reali ty Wha t .
,
.
p ole on B u,
rn s C r o w ell ,
n o a n a d eq u a te
, to do a nyt hing ,
heroic Not the sinc eri ty tha t c a lls i tself S inc ere ; a h no
m
.
,
m
,
m
,
lic delivery .
m
S tu dy the fo ll owing sp eech going b a c k in yo u r
m m
”
1 .
,
m
Is this th p rt of wi s e n ng g d in g t nd rdu ous
a e e , e a e a rea a a
st u ggl f
r lib ty ? Ar w disp os d t b of th nu b r of tho
e or er e e e o e e e se
m m
o, a n t e e ,
h se e o , a a ea rs , ea r o , e
wh t va e ngui h of sp i it it y cost I
er a s will ing t kno w
r a , a o
I h v b ut n l ic f gu id d
m
a e p yb w h h
o y et a ; n d th t ee a re e a a
is th l e p of xap ri nc I k no w of
e no w y of
e j u dging
e of
e. th e a
m
wh t th
a h s b n in th condu ct of th B itish Ministry f r
e re a ee e e r o
h v b en p l s d t ol c th lv s nd th Hous ? Is it
m
a e e ea e o s a e e se e a e e
of Ho ts is ll tha t is l ft us ! s
it, sir ,
a
we m
u fig st
e
ht ! An a p p ea lt o ar m s , a nd to
,
m
Th y t ll us si th t w
e r ew ak un bl t cop e with s
, r, a e a e e a e o o
fo id bl n dv s y B ut wh n sh ll w b st ong ? Will
r a e a a er a r e a e e r er
m
it b th n xt w k
e th n xt y
e ? Will it b wh n w
e ee , or e e ea r e e e a re
k if w a k p op us of thos ns which
m
w a e n t w re o ea , e e a r er e e ea
th G d of N tu h th p l c d in u p ow illions of
m
e o a Th e re a a e o r er . r e
p op l
e d in th holy c u of Lib ty nd in such a country
e, a r e e a se er , a
b s nough t d si it it i n w t l t t ti e
m m
If w w e ere a e e o e re , s o oo a e o re r
f o th cont st Th is no t t b ut in ub is ion nd
m
r e e . ere re rea ,
s s a
on th p l in s of B o ston is in vit b l ; n d l t it co
m m
e Th w a e! . e ar e a e a e
I p t it S i l t it co ! It is in v in si t xt nu t th a t
mm
re ea , r, e e a , r, o e e a e e
G ntl n y ry P c p c ! b ut th is no p e c !
m
”
t r e . e e e a c ea e, ea e ere a e
is c tu lly b gu n ! Th n xt g l th t sw p s f o
m
Th w e ar a a th e e e a e a ee r e
no th will b ring to u
r s th cl sh of sounding ! Ou o r ea r e a re ar s r
b th n lr dy in th fi l d ! Why st nd w h e idl ? Wh t
m
re re a re a ea e e a e er e a
de r r p c s sw t s t b p u ch s d t the p ic of ch ins
m
a o ea e o ee a o e r a e a r e a
—
, ,
m m
a nd S l v y ? Fo b id it Al ighty Pow s I know n t wha t
m
a er r ,
er o
d th !
e ea
Live
over in your i a gina tion a ll the sole nity a nd m m
m
2 .
m
so rrow th a t L inco l n f el t a t the Getty sb urg c e etery The .
p B eecher
eech on Linco ln p a g e 76 ; Thurston s
’ ’
s s
3 .
,
m
a a : n ra r s a a ,
m m
d ls with b ubl s nd trifl f th s k of a kin g bubbl s of
ea a e a es, or e a e e
l u n i n c on c u i u nc f o
m
p sea f t re s t
or f
f t
ra e r e l di e s S f er a a e e . o ar r
m
p os s t e w h i c ho n n dd s
os h ie ca lf th a du c tion nd in
re se e e a a
th is in ll of th
ere a nt ho through th ch nn ls of t ste
e se e e a e a
—
,
4 Wh a
. t in yo ur o p inion ar e t h e rel a tiv e va lu es of
tho ugh t a nd f eeling in a sp eech ?
o d di p n i i h
m
5 C ul
. w e s e se w th e t e r ?
Wha t kinds of selections or occa sions require uch
m
6 .
m m
7 e
. t a st t en s e ts for ,
the (i mgin
y) unfeeling plea of a n a ttorney ; he ay be
a ar m
ei th er the co un sel for the def en se or the p ro sec u ting
thusia s .
en thu si a s I ita te hi . .
116 THE ART OF PUB L IC S PE KIN A G
—
grea t el e ent of fl uency to prep a ra tion ust b e a dd ed
the ease th a t a ri ses fro m
pra ctise ; of which ore pres m
Knowledge is Essentia l
Mr m
B ry a n is
o flu n p k h n p k s on
p oli ic l p ob l m nd nci of im
. a st e t s ea er w e he s ea
e a nd q u estion s
of m
t a r e s te e ,
es the t ,
o lra s . upp o d h o v
It is to b e s h
se we er t a t he wo ul d not
, ,
o ugh m
b e so flu n in p ki g on
e t s ea bi d li of
n the r fe the Fl orida
v gl d
E er a es M Joh n
. r . gh
B urr s i t b e a t his b est
on this l ast sub j ec t yet entirely lo st in talking a bo ut inter
,
th a t he co ul d sp ea k a ll da y (a S in in i tself) on a ny sub j ec t
th a t a n a u di enc e wo ul d sugg est He wa s b a nished by the
.
S p a rta n s .
this ch a p ter
m
.
S h o ul d b e bo th m
A life ti e of rea ding of co p a nion ship
.
-
,
m
FLUE NCY THROU GH PRE P ARA TION I I7
— —
b oad exp e i enc e a nd b est of a ll a wa r ly sy pa thetic
mm
r r ,
tha t o ther rich so urc e of prep a redn ess for sp eech the —
m
fri endship of wi se co p a nions When S chiller returned
m m m
.
m m
your idea s by putting the in words ; the ta lker ga in s
uch fro his conversa tion a s the li stener You so e m
m
as .
m m
’
a nd ,
Hol es whi sic a lly yet none the less truth q y decl a re d
m
tha t ha lf the ti e he ta lk ed to find out wha t he th o ught
m m m
.
After a ll thi s m
ich ent of life by stora ge ust co e
enr ,
m m
the sp eci a l p rep a ra tion for the p a rtic ula r sp eec h Thi s .
P ra ctise
m
prepara tion ust a lso be of a no ther sort tha n the
m m
B ut
ga thering organizing a nd S ha ping of a teria l s it ust —
m m
, ,
m
pra ctise the econo y of yo ur well studi ed e pha sis m
m m
-
, ,
m
.
ha bitua l
m
.
m
,
m m
,
l c f o d i l y p p o o p ic
m
d
m
3 . S e e t r th e a a er s e t for a n a
5 . T a k e on e of th e se n ti en ts giv en b e l o w a nd fo l ,
Ma chinery cono ic wo ld
ha s c rea te d a new e m r .
m
.
m m
e a s e a r e a e e e r .
m m
a e e a o r -
.
k of fo ll o ing q u o ion k
m
7. Ta e a ny th e w ta t s a nd a e a
, ,
liv m
o fi in honest doub t
m n in
There es re a th ,
mm
Be li ve e e, tha ha lf th c ds e ree
—TE NNYS ON I n M
.
e oria
m m
.
,
Ho we ’
er it b e , it see s to e,
ind o n co on
im n om
K hea rts a re re tha r ets ,
And l fi S n bl ood
p e a th tha N r a
—
.
di nc l nd nc n m
.
n Vi
m
’
Tis sta e e s e ha t e t to the ew
His est l
p a ni s, e e a nd hea th ,
An d his igno nc of w l thb est r hes , ic ra e ea
—G OL DS MITH Th D ted
.
, e eser Villa g e .
of desp t st p ! Th d k t d
m
B wa e re era e e s e ar es ay ,
, ee ss Ala r .
1 22 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKIN G
My count y i r s the w o l d and
r , m
—
y rel igion is t do good o .
A1 NE Rig ht P s o f Ma n
m
, .
T d it y h lp soci ety x t nd
1
ra e a e , e e ,
B ut lu s th p i t nd co rrup t th f i nd
m
re e ra e , a s e r e :
It is s r i in n tion s id
ra e a es a a
’
a ,
B u t b ib s n t nd th l nd s b t y d
r e a se a e, a e a
’
e ra
’
, .
O G od , m—o d
tha t y in i m
nmen S h ulou p ut an e
e the r ths to stea l
a wa y the i b in
r A
ra A O s SH KE S PE RE , thell o
m
.
i g
uni m
It a tters not how stra t the a te ,
c gd i n c oll
m m of mf
How ha r e w th p sh e t the s r ,
m c in of m o
I a the a ster y a te ,
I a the a p ta y s ul
—
.
Y HE NL E , I nv ictus .
o ld f l of num b of ng
mu
The w r is so ul a er thi s,
I a o d s rey king
we sh ul b e ha pp a s all s .
T V Sf E E NS ON A Child s Ga rden
’
o Verses
m
.
,
If your o l d y d nd u on
ra s a re y re a r , ep e p it the a re wr ong .
— S TE VE NS ON , E ssa ys .
E v ry dv nt g
e a a a e ha s its ta x . I l ea r nt o be cont nt e .
-
E ME RS ON , E ssa ys .
8 . Ma k e a two -
mnu
p ch on a ny of the following
i te s ee
M 1 y one .
CH A P T ER XII
TH E V OI C E
m ng in voic o ches
m of m i i
Oh there is ethi tha t tha t
'
, s e rea
The inn o
er c st re e sses y sp r t!
— L oNGFELL ow, Christus .
The m
dra a tic critic of The London Ti es once decla red m
tha t a c ting is nin e ten th s voic e wo rk L ea ving the
m mm
-
.
m m
,
m
asset . Gla dstone hi self the p o ssessor of a deep usi
, ,
p ondering
m
.
I . E ase
m
ga inst rela x ed uscles tha n when striking constricted
m m
a
it go D on t wo rk L et the y ok e of sp eech b e ea sy a nd
’
. .
m
,
—
Now wi thdra w a ll p ower a nd let it fa ll Pra c ti se re
m
.
your neck and let g rav ity p ull it a ro und a s yo ur body oves .
1 26 THE ART or PUBLIC S PE AKIN G
m m
,
m m m
.
m m
lip s up to rese b l e the shap e of the l etter 0 In rep ea ting .
Af ter thi s m
x ci se ha s b een astered the fo ll owing
e er ,
will lo
a s be foun d ex c ellent for flexibili ty of lip s :
m
Me o riz e these indica ted (not the )
m
s ounds ex pressions
so t ha t yo u ca n re p ea t th e ra p i dl y .
m
ctivi ty of brea thing ust be c entered not in
m m
All the a ,
i porta nt a side fro voice for the g enera l hea lth will be
m
, ,
3 F or
. wa rdness
'
m
, ,
ca n . Remm
b e e r, the only way to g et y our voice for
wa rd is to put it forward .
—
forwardn ess they a re the pri e fa ctors in ena b ling y our
voic e to b e heard a t a dista nc e .
v ib ra tion .
m
.
—
Not only will deep b rea thing b rea thing fro the dia
m
1 30 THE ART OF PUBLIC S PE AKIN G
— giv voic b r supp o rt b ut it wi ll giv e
m
p h ra g e th e e a e tte ,
, .
m
,
m
ing p ower by running a cro ss country pra c tising his ,
Pl a c e y o ur ha nd s a t yo ur sid es on the wa i st l in e
m
.
,
Purity of Voice
mm
qua lity is so eti es destroyed by wa sting the
m
This
brea th Carefully control the b rea th usrng only as uch
‘
.
,
lik e a iser .
Voice S uggestions
Never a tte m
forc e yo ur voice when hoa rse
p t to .
m
.
ra sp y This is a co
. mm
on faul t When you find yo ur .
pi tch
m
.
a re sa ying
— reserv e yo ur ob serv a tion for p riva te p ra c ti se .
3 . Give o
s mx
e e ercises for develop mn of
e t th ese con
ditions .
Wh y ng of voic d i a b l e?
m
4 . is ra e e es r
ll ng of voic c ul iv d
m
5 T.e ho w ra e e a y b e t a t
.e
v elOp ed ?
V OI CE CH A RM
A ee e m
ch rful t p j oin d with innoc nc will
er e ke e e m a u
b ea ty
a tt a c tiv
r knowl dge d lightful nd wit good n tu d
e, e e a -
a re
—J OS E PH ADDIS ON Th
, .
, e Ta ttler .
, ,
produ ces a va gue a spira tion for the rela tively una tta in
ab le do i ul m ndo u fo m
m m
y
,
et es n ot s t a te to th e tre e s ef rt
of j oy Under the infl uence of plea sure the body expa nds
.
,
a re esta b l i sh ed
m
.
do es Try it
. .
down in the preceding chap ters and p ut the into pra ctise m
a s you rea d th ese p a ssa g es a g a in a nd a ga in
m
m mm
I t would be .
J st nd youthful Jollity
e , a ,
m
Q uip s nd C nk nd w nton Wil s
a ra s a a e ,
S u ch h ng on H b h k
m
’
as a e e s C ee ,
An d l ov t liv in di p l l k
e o e e S ee ,
S p o rt th t wrinkl d C d rid
a e a re e es,
Co m e , a nd
'
i
tr p it a s y e go
On the lig f n ic ht a ta st toe ;
And in thy right h nd l d wi th th
m m
a ea ee
Th ount in ny p h w t Lib ty
e a , s ee er
mm
And if I giv th
, hono du e ee r e,
Mi th d i t
r of thy c w
, a e re ,
T liv with h
o nd liv wi th th
e er, a e ee ,
In un p oved p l su s f
re r ea re ree
F o r hi w tch tow r in th s ki a -
e e S es ,
Till th d pp l d D wn doth is ;
m
e a e a r e
Th n t co in p it of o ow
m m
e o e S e s rr ,
Through th w tb i th vin e s ee r er , o r e e,
Or th twi st d gl ntin ;
e e e a e
S c tt s th
a r of d
er kn s thin e rea ar es ,
And t th t ck th b n doo
m
o e s a , or e ar -
r,
m
Oft listenin g how the houn ds a n d horn
ly ou the lu b ring Morn
m m
Cheer r se s e ,
F o th
r id of o ho hill e s e s e ar ,
mm
Th ough th high w ood choing shrill
r e e
m
So ti w lking n t unse n
e e a , o e ,
Right g in t th ea st n g t
a a s e er a e,
Wh th g t S un b g in s his sta t
m m
e re e re a e e,
Rob d in fl e s nd b light a e a a er ,
Whil th p l ow n n
e t h nd
e a ea r a a
Whi tl s
mm
th furro w d l nd
’
s e o er e e a ,
And th ow wh ts hi scyth
e er e s e,
And v y h p h d t ll s his t l
e er S e er e a e,
Und th h wtho n in th d l
er e a r e a e .
THE S EA
The se a , op n ea
the sea , the e s ,
Th b lu th f sh th v f ee ;
m
e e, e re , e e er r
It p l y wi th th cl o u d s it
a s ocks th ski s e , e e ,
O lik c dl d c tu li s
m m
r e a ra e rea re e .
on th on th
m
’ ’
I I e sea , e sea ,
I wh
a I wo ul d v b
e re e er e,
With th b lu bov nd th b lu b el ow
e e a e a e e ,
An d sil nc wh o I go
m m
’
e e ere s e e r .
to sh oul d co nd wa k th d
m
If a s r p e a a e e ee ,
Wh t tt ? I sh ll rid nd le p
a a er a e a s e .
l ov l ov t id
m
I e , Oh ! how I e o r e
Wh v y d w v d owns th oon
m
ere e er a a e r e ,
And t lls h w go th th wo l d b l ow
e o e e r e ,
I n v w s on th d ull t
e er hoa e , a e S re
1 40 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE KIN A G
Wil d is thy lay l ou d , a nd ,
F in th downy cloud
ar e ,
L ov giv s it n gy ; l v ga v it b irth
e e e er o e e .
Wh on thy d wy wingere , e
Wh rt th o u j o u n ying ?
ere a r e
Thy l y is in h v n ; thy l ov is on a th
a ea e e e r .
f ll nd foun t in sh n
m m
O er
’
e a a ee ,
oor nd ount in gr n
m
O er
’
a a ee ,
m
O th
’
er d st th t h
e re lds th d y ; rea er a era e a
Ov th cl o u dl t di
m
er e e ,
Ov th inb ow s ri ’
er e ra ,
Mu ic l ch rub so r singing a w y !
m m
s a e , a , , a
Th n wh n the gl o a ing co
m
e , s e e ,
L w in th h th b l oo s
m
o e ea er ,
S w t will thy w l co a n d b d of l ov b e !
mm
ee e e e e
E bl of h p p in ss e a e ,
B l st is thy d w ll ing p l c
e e -
a e .
Oh t a b id in th d s t wi th th '
o e e e er ee
—JAME S HOGG
,
mm m
Ita ly n d I find onl y p oli tion
, a nd p ov rty Wh t h v you
s a a e . a a e
potis .
Pra c tise the following selec tion for the develop ent ,
m
of ela stic touch ; say it in a j oyous spirit using the ex er
m
,
THE B ROOK
co mf om un of coo m
mk udd n ll
I e r ha ts t a nd he ,
m
I a e a s e sa y,
And S p a r kl ong f
e out a the er n ,
bick down a v ll y
To er a e .
Or slip b tw n th idg s ; e ee e r e
m
.
Till l st by Philip s f
m
m
’
a Ifl w ar o
T j oin th b i ing iv ;
mm m mm
o e r r er
F or n y coe nd a n y go e a e a ,
B u t I go on for v e er .
I ch tt ov tony w ys
a er er s a ,
In littl S h p nd t b l s
e ar s a re e ,
1 42 TH E ART OF PU B LIC S PE KIN A G
I bub b l int ddying b ys
e o e a ,
I b bb l on th p bb l s
a e e e e .
With mny cu v m n f
mny fi ld f llo y b a ks I
a a r e ret ,
mny f i y fo l nd
By a a e a nd a w,
mo
An d a a a r re a set
Wi ill o d
th w w w ee
-
a nd a ll w .
ch ch tt
m
m
I a tter , s I fl w a e r, a o
F or n y co e nd a n y go e a e a ,
B u t I go on fo v re er .
I wind b ou t n d in
m
a nd ut , a a o ,
And h nd th e re a lu ty t out e re a s r ,
And h nd th g yling
ere a ere a ra ,
Up on e a s I tra vel
With mny a a s
,
ilv y w t b
er a er
,
-
rea k
Ab ov e the gol d n g v le ra e .
d m long
b im
m
An d ra w the a ll a , a nd fl ow
j oin ing iv
m m com mmgo
To the r r er ,
For en ay e a nd en ay ,
B ut I go on fo v re er .
I l id by h l cov s
m m
S e a ze er ,
I ov th w t fo g t
e e s nots ee r e -
e -
Th t g o w fah p p y l ov
r or a ers .
lip m
lid I gl oo I gl nce
mm m m
I S , I s e, , a ,
k th n tt d unb d nc
m
I a e e e e s ea a e
Ag in t y a ndy h ll ow
s sa s a s.
m
umu und m oon
b m
I r r er a n d sta rs
b ly il d n
In ra w er esses ,
1 44 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
m
fro so e b url esqu e a ttra c tion The expl a na tion is
m m
.
It is i p o ssib l e . m
to think selfi sh th o ugh ts a nd h a v e ei th er a n a ttra c tive
p ersona li ty a lovely cha ra cter or a char ing voice I f m
m
,
.
,
ey es a nd ? oc i i f in yo on c of
mm
l l u O
m
p r a tse r t es ne se re t .
1 . D efin e m( ) j oy ( ) b u y
(a ) ch a r ; b ; c ea t .
M k li of od l d j
h m
2 . a e a st a ll the w r s re a te to oy .
3 Wi r inu ul ogy of
te a t Joyful M
ree -
te e The an .
liv i hou of no v yo u c Ha
mk up
4 . De er it w t t the use tes . e a re
fu ly con id d qu li i go
voic c m
l s ere a ll the a t es tha t to a e
o d h mn m
e
-
ha r d liv y In its e er ?
ll b i fly in yo u be
m d v l o p ch m
5 . Te r e r own w r s w at ea s ay
e pl oy d e to ing voic e e a ar e .
6 . D i sc u ss the effec t
of voic e on cha ra c ter .
i c u c of c c r on voic e
m
7 D . s ss th e effe t h a ra te .
n l y z d f c of giv n voic
m m
9 A . a e t h e e e ts a n y e e .
11 . Co m
mi t the following sta nza a nd interpret ea ch
phase of sugg ested or exp ressed by the p o et .
inf nt wh n it g e on light
mm
An a e az s a ,
A chil d th o nt wh n it dr in s th b r
e e e a e ea st ,
A d vot wh n so
e th H o t in sight
ee e a rs e s ,
An A b with t ng
ra f gu t a s ra er or a es ,
m
A s il o wh n th p ri st u ck in fight
m
a r h e e ze as r ,
A i r filling his o t ho d d ch t
se s ar e es ,
F l a p tu ; b u t n t u ch t u j oy
ee r re r p ing
o s r e a re ea
As th y wh w tch wh t th y l ov whil
’
e o a o er a e e e
l p ing s ee .
B Y RON D n , o
CH A PT ER XIV
In m a n sp ea k s G od .
HE S IOD Words a nd D a ys
m
, .
n dl ss od ch n d f
mid
And e e are the e s Of sp ee , a ar
E xt nds f o
e r S e to id
s e the fi l d of w o ds
e r
—
.
HOME R , Ilia d .
a rticul a tion ou l
m
cia tion,
a nd a re s s, b ut rea
Articula tion
m
Artic ul a tion is the fo r
ing j oining of l m n y
m lling t k u
a nd the e e e ta r
o und of p ch
m illion o d h go m
s s s ee . It see s a n a pp a as to tter
ic ul ly h d the t ir of a k
mk
a rt a te - -
w r s t at to a e
up ngli voc b ul y
lly im
our E sh a ar ,
b ut the w a y to a e a be
gin ng pl
f m
ni is rea s e: lea rn to u tter correctly, a nd with
m
ea sy cha nge ro onef f fto the other , ea ch o the orty -
our
on ic ion p infully lu d by
mny ublic p k
The rea s s why a rt ul a t is so a s rre
g fo u igno nc of
l m di c im
a rea t a p s ea ers a re r: ra e
og n o p id ill n y on A
of himlf i ll kno
r a s; a nd a t r w . e who is st a ster
se w ndl ch of h
w how to ha e ea t ese
df c
m
e e ts .
h d uc o i bl v by
Oliv W nd ll o lm
ea r s h err rs a s a re hit off th s ta e erse
er e e H es :
n n cond n b y ond th
L ea r i g e m
ch f h ops e e rea o e
c l lip th t p k f o p f O p ;
T h e a re ess
m
s a s ea o s a or s a
He di c t xil
r e f o he f i
e es b od r r a r a e
T h c l owni h voic e th t u tt
e
m
e d f Od; or r
s a ers r a a
L t n t hi
ess s er w h c ll hi
o Ot co t o a s s c a , a a
An d t hi b O t b li vin g it a b O t
s eers s a e e a .
d on d on u cl ic city
m
bo t
m m
’
Sh p e ar e e, o r a ss s as ,
Wh o sa id a t
n
B u t k it h er b r ws
Ca
o m b rid g e ,
a nd sta
6 st in s tea d
p ed h er a
of
ng ry
6 st
fo ot
,
TO h ea r a T ea h er c c lla a r o ot
‘
a r oOt .
The m
foregoing exa ples a re a ll onosylla b les b ut ba d m ,
m
hi no hint for the p ronu nci a tio n of bough cough rough
m
, , ,
m
, ,
an
m
,
The con son a n t so u nds occa sion serio u s tro ub le only for
tho se who do not l ook wi th c a re a t the sp elling of w o rd s
m
.
, , ,
He tha t ha th ya ws
glo obi c cl gym g v of
to ya w , let hi ya w ,
is the ren
m
dering which a n An p h a
m
er an a e the
pronounced a re i d i
m mn u dd d l um
a n who w she
,
to wr te to the
Accentua tion
m
-
, ,
Enuncia tion
ticula tes — —
th a t is j oin ts two so und s tha t S h o ul d not be
,
incorrec tly
m
.
m
a b l e to c l ea r en u ncia tion cha nge either words or o rd er , ,
to the pl a yers .
1 . Pra c tise
p ea ting the following re ra pidly pa ying ,
Fl o s f rivo l ity
m mm m m m
’
1”
ra .
M ry a tchl s
’
i ic y a k s u ch ischi f
s a e s r e e .
S t d on hining h l
ea e h s ll
s h ll s S a e S e e s sea S e .
Y u youngst
o yi ld d your youthful yul tid y nings
ers e e e -
e ea r
y st d y
e er a .
yo u
m
3 . saDo
y a b loo S ky o r a blu e sky ?
or New York?
c f ul h d di c ion of h i c h p
mm
5 . a re Pa y ee to the re t s t s a ter
vi ew with the gho st oi his fa ther Ha let tell s his fri ends ,
n p hil o op hy
com
Tha a re rea t r s .
m
B ut e;
Here a s b efo re
nv h lp you cy
m
, , e er , so e er ,
A I p ch nc h
s er ft h ll think
a t
e ere a er S a ee
T p ut n ntic di p o ition n
m m
o a a s s o ,
Th t you t u c h ti ing n v sh ll
m m
a , a s e s see e, e er a ,
O by p ono uncing of o
r r doubtful p h s e ra se ,
O If w li t t p k n if th ight
m
” “
r e Th bs o S ea , or ere e, a ere ,
S g c
o nd ra cy t you o t n d h lp you
e a er a r s ee e ,
S wea r
—Act
.
I S cene V
m m
.
6 . Ma k eon o a l i st
p onu ci io of co err rs of r n at n,
l un ci ion c c
mk co c ion
centua tion , a nd n p ete en at . In ea h a se
ch y o u m v
a e the rre t .
7 i ici
. Cr t se d ic
a ny sp ee ay ha e hea r wh h
di pl y d f ul
mof m
s a e these a ts .
xpl in f l ing
p ci m ind f om
8 . E a how the a se sha e see to b e too
re se c ul iv ing
ay h f c v b l er us r t at p er e t er a
uttera nc e .
O v p ci ion l ik i f ul b ing
m
9 . er re s i s-
ew se a a t TO r o ut .
ful W uc king v v nq i d
oul d l nd m i guil y u o
. ere I s h , the s we ha e a u she , fa r r de
Rb i
m m y nny m
noun cing o e sp err e , w e e the r t s pp rt ; the re
oul d cov n n b n u
nm
w be a e a t e twee the a nd e T ra st
—
.
v ool i of y nny i do i
om imm
ha e t s . But the e e es t ra , wh ther es the r
nd b o li y W y n
mo co
p a th te ? T o the t , a nd to rt a t ! ha t t ra t is
Y r se es ! ha t
f ction inc th b ginn ing of th R volution h c u h d nd
m
a , s e e e e e , as r s e a
nnihil t d ny d t ct d t ito ? Y u th p op l —
m
a a e so a e eu e ra rs o e e e, o r
— —
,
g in t which ll th cound li of th d y i b nd d !
m m
a nd a a s a e s re s e a s a e
Th confi e tion of th R p u b l ic h
r a b n y Ob j ct ; nd I e e as ee e a
I b ndon wi th o u t
a a g t! I h v n th p t ; nd I fo s
a re re a e see e as a re ee
t h eo n t w h n h
e co ul d no l ong e it — wh n h coul d
e e r s er v e , e e
ost b j c t f s th o t b u d ov id th s c d
m m
th e a e , or ea r e s a s r , er r -
e e a re
b h d of u np incip l d h d th u t th lv s into
m
or oo n wh r e e , o a r s e se e
m
con p i to g in t y count y h v n w by th i
m
th t th a e se s ra rs a a s r a e o , e r
s lv
e nd
es a ll t u n a r e e .
m
Q u tion histo y nd l n h w ll th d f nd s of lib ty
m m
es r a ea r o a e e e er er ,
,
in ll ti h v b n ov wh l d by c lu n y B ut th ir
m
a e s, a e ee er e e a . e
t du c
m
ra di d l o Th good nd th b d di pp
ers e a s . l ik f o e a e a sa ea r a e r
y co u n tr y n ! L t n t yo u e n i s wi th th i d e o l tin go r e e e ,
e r es a
u no n l l i i n ”
m m m
C h tt
a !e D t
e,h is n t n t p ! C
ea t s ! o
“
a e er a s ee ze
TH E TRU TH A B OU T G E S TU RE
st p s to w
e d the dg Of th p cip ic Lo d Ch t fi l d ta t d
ar e e e re e, r es er e s r e
up nd c i d
a G ood G d h i gon !
r e : o , e s e
Gesture is mm
lly a S i ple a tter tha t requires Ob serva
m
m
rea
m m m
It .
—
is erely a n eff ec t the eff ec t of a en ta l or a n e o tiona l
m
i pulse struggling for expression thro ugh p hy sic a l a venues
m
.
m m
m
prop erly direc ting the If his en thusia s for his subj ect
m m
.
go s o ewhere
m
.
down the house by gri ly co ngra tula ting hi self tha t such
a b a rri er stoo d b etween hi sel f a nd m
the honora b l e
gentle a n m
mm
.
m
,
not convincing ,
—
b eca use they a ppear to b fi wha t they
—
ha ve a do ub tful right to b e in rea lity studied Ha ve you .
m
you were fa scina ted by their frenzy of oddi ty but coul d
m
,
m
‘
m m
na stics .
—
.
m m mm
h it
is chiefly in c a l a ftertho ugh t th a t en h a ve re e b ered
m m of dra a tic expression Wh en S ir Henry Irv ing
m m
the for .
“ ”
a d e his fa o us ex it a s S hyl ock the la st thing the a udi
1 60 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE KIN A G
he md a
—
e!
”
but they will sa y,
“
I ll vo te for that
’
mu eas re .
m m m
,
—
orrow night a t the sa e p oint their va rious oods a nd
interpreta tion s govern their gestures It is a ll a a tter m
m m
.
m
Now a ll thi s is not to sa y tha t yo u u st not ta k e so e m
th o ugh t for yo ur g estures m
I f tha t were ea nt why this
.
,
m
.
m
tiv a te sp on ta n eo u s g estures a nd yet give due a tten tion
m m
,
p e t e
. er e
his a bili ty to p ro nounc e co rrec tly wi tho ut esp eci a lly con
centra ting his tho ught Ev ery a b l e p l a tfor mm
m m
. a n has
m m
-
thi s or tha t f eel ing Pra c tise descrip tiv e sugg estiv e a nd
mm m
.
, ,
m
. .
li ita tions .
1 62 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
Any Move m
ent tha t is not S ignifi ca nt, Wea kens
forget tha t Restlessness is not exp ression A
m mm
Do not . .
m
interest of the sp ec ta tors fro a big sc en e b etween the
l ea d s Wh en our forefa thers lived in c a ves they ha d to
mm mm m
'
wa tch b j c ov n n d ng W
m
ov g O e ts for e e t
,
s ea t a er e .
co ic a l .
1 64 THE ART OF P U B LIC S PE AKING
'
m
Of the so ul Thro ug h
. it sh ines the l igh t of our th o ugh ts
a nd f eel ing s .
m of f c in big c i of lif do go
o ug h m
As a a tter a t, the r ses e we not
o l i k ly b ood in y d il nc
mk m
You a re re e to sit a nd r dry -
e e s e e.
The H ud on Riv do
s uch O on
er es not a e n ise its wa y
to the — sea ha lf S O lo ud a s the little creek up in
it Is not
m
.
—
b a king dog neve tea s you tro users a t l ea st they say
r
m
r r r
m m
,
tise th e in yo ur d elivery .
m m m
,
to a ll y mg n rea t
ess S u c h a g e
.stu re ig ht p o ssib ly b e m
used in a n a fter dinn er sp eech a t the convention of a
m m
-
P osture
m
,
m
, ,
mm —
m
restful a nd c a l essa g e but don t worry a bou t it :
’
a nners a nd co on sense .
m mm m
m
a stery of yo ur p hysic a l ove ents A uscula r ha nd
m mm
.
,
m
,
ex p ression s of vi ta li ty a nd wi tho u t vi ta l i ty no sp ea k er
m
,
m
, ,
m
Ty Cobb ha s confid ed to the pub l ic tha t wh en he
“
m
is in a b a tting slu p he ev en sta nd s b efore a irror ba t ,
m
. an
m
th a t I up io in o I n h I l n
m
eet is y s er r s e w a y t a t . ea r
sa y s a g a in :
“
We a re i ersed in b ea uty but our eyes ,
m
Fro wha t so urc e do yo u intend to study g esture ?
Wha t is the first requi si te of good g estures? Why ?
m
2 .
4 . D e sc r ib e ()
a a g ra c e f ul g es tu re th a t yo u h a v e Ob
m
.
W h g u do yo u p i Wh y
mm
5 . a t es t re s us e fo r e ha s s ? ?
6 . How ca n g ra c e of ove en t b e a cqui red ?
7 . Wh e n in do ub t a bo u t a g es tu re wh a t wo ul d yo u do ?
THE TRUTH AB OU T GE S TURE 69
in co c h
m
9 ; H o w d o you te nd t o rre t t e ?
Wha t a re so e of the gestures if a ny tha t you
m
10 .
, ,
m
,
.
a nd f a ci a l exp ression
m m
.
a y sel ec t
m
.
mm
16 .
,
mm
.
m
.
gestures :
Wh n V olt i w p p ing young ct ss t p p ea r in on
e a re as re ar a a re o a e
of hi t g di h ti d h h nd t h sid with p ck th d
s ra e es , e e er a s o er es a rea
mm
Und thi con dition of co p ul o y obility h co nc d
m
er s s r i S e e e
o ti h bo lf l l y enough ;
m
t
o re h s nd f ea r e , a h or s e e S e re erse ca
b ut t l t co p l t l y c i d w y by h f ling sh bu t
m m
a as , e e a rr e a a er ee s, e rs
h bond nd flung up h
er s a Al d t h up p o d er ar s . ar e a er s se
h ilingly
e s u d h how v ; th g tu w th n d ir
rea ss re er , e er e es re as e a
a e, e a —
bl b c u it w s i p ibl RE D WAY Th A t A t
se a rre re ss e .
, e c or s
’
r .
b nd w
reeze , a h ll oon l o s ight Of l nd B ut wh t
e S a ns
s e s a . a ea
thi su dd n l o w ing Of th h v n n d th t d k cl ou d ri in g
m
s e er e ea e s, a a ar a s
f o b n th th w t n ho i on ? H k ! D on t you h dis
r e ea e e s er r z ar
’
ea r
to g th ing ! E v ry n t hi duty ! Th ir is d k
m m m
i
s a s r a er e a o s e a ar
g — gon — hip i on h b
m
th t p t
e e s Ou est s ra th e r as a re e e S s er ea
nd ! Wh t n xt ? At this nu b of s il o in th cong g
m
”
e s a e a er a rs e re a
tion u tt ly w p t w y by th dr
er stic d sc ri p tion l p d
e a a e a a e ea e
Th l ng b t l—t k t th l ongb o t !
, ,
to th ir f t n d c i d
“ ”
e ee a r e : e o oa a e o e a
—NATHAN S HE PPARD B f n Audi n , e ore a e ce .
1 72 THE ART OF PU BL IC S PE AKING
o thers ca n ,
m
do I ca n a tte p t A bol d S pirit conquers.
—
Certa in ly th ere a re occ a sion s a ong th e the Op en ,
m
‘
—
His ex c use is his a p ol ogy he is not to b e b la ed a s a
m
,
mm m
,
of his sp eaking a bili ty but b eca use his gra ndfa ther fought
in a c erta in b a ttle or his constituents sent hi to Congress m
m
, ,
ha ve disting ui shed hi m
m
.
—
fini sh to fervor let the choo se : they a re ra rely en who
swa y the m
a sses to a cc ep ta nc e of thei r essa g e m
Wha t .
m m m
.
2
. A e ory so defec tive tha t he rea lly ca nno t sp ea k
wi tho ut rea ding Ala s he is not sp ea king when he is
mm m
,
.
m m mm
,
—
is u tterly b a d until he ha s b uckl ed down to
mm
ture a nd fa i l ed A wea k
. e
e ory cul
ory is Oftener a n excuse
tha n a rea son
m m
.
3. A g en u in e l a c k of t i e to do o re tha n w ri te the
sp eech . h r r —
T e e a e su ch in sta nc es but they do not occ u r
1 74 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
up wi th Mo tive 1
m
.
mm
p u t t h e r .
a nd henc e a re l i k e cha m
pa gn e tha t ha s l o st its fizz The
m
.
m
, ,
. .
sto re d e onstra tor rep ea t her e ori zed lingo a bout the
n ewest furniture p oli sh or b rea kfa st food It requires
m mm
.
m m
, ,
m
.
On the o th er h a nd yo u ay b e so ta k en up wi th trying
,
it wi th th a t sp on ta n ei ty which is S O vi ta l to fo rc eful de
m
livery .
th e .
m
One of the b est wa ys to ri se sup erior to these difliculties
is to do a s D r Wa lla c e Ra dcliffe O ften do es : co it m
m
.
m
prepa ra tion enta lly without putting p en to —
paper a
m
,
m
m m
delivery to co it the sp eci en speeches fo und in this
,
m mm
,
m
,
very pure a nd high gra tifica tion Were this a rt c ultiva ted
m m
.
f m
lence a nd power .
p N S ea king ro otes
d
The thir m o p op
,
mod of liv y
a nd the st ul a r eth de er ,
p ob b ly l o b b ginn p king
f om im
is r a a s the est one for the e er . S ea
r no id l d liv y
tes is not l in
ea e er ,
b ut we ea rn to sw
m m
’ ’
,
A TT E NT I ON
INTRODU CTION
mnc
.
F om liv of g m Robly l Ca r e
2 . r the es rea t en
ert E . Lee .
Reason
m
1 . .
I agina tion
m
2 . .
M e ory .
Will Anecdote
. .
CONCLU S ION .
—
his eye he m
a y undersco re a c a tch wo rd h ea vil y dra w -
m
-
m
sa ,
-
.
mm
yo u to re e b er a big p oint in y o ur b ri ef p erhaps —
by a ssocia tion of idea s .
co untena nces .
—
deb a ting soci ety ta lk ta lk TALK a nd a lways fax te
"
mm
, , ,
m
Gen .
b ra in instea d of on p ap er .
mo fic m
ion of the second ethod has b een a dop ted
by m
A di at
mll d
co k on a wide va ri ety of subj ects da y a fter
m
m
pe e to sp ea
—
vi ta l a rgu ent so e p a t illustra tion a nd dep end on
m
,
—
y our subj ec t for y our a udien c e for these four fa c tors
m
,
a ll ha v e thei r i ndivi du a l c l a i
m
s .
—
ferent a s to p refer the ea sy wa y choo se the best wa y
m
,
a nd fi re in u ttera nc e .
1 82 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
of j oin h od
m
m
() y
e a n th e t e t s
Wh h co nd in d l iv ng p c h
m
3 . a t is t er e to e e er i a s e e
m m
6 .
,
m m
a nd
F o l of u b j c in pp ndi x l c
m m
9 . r t he i st s e ts the A e se e t a
TH OU G H T A N D RE S E RV E P OW E R
Pr ovid nc
e e is a lw ys ona the S id of th l st
e e rv a re se e
—NAPOL E ON B ONAPARTE
.
SO m
ig i ht estp wers o e ep est by d
al c m s a re fe d ,
l in ing g ntl st b !
m
And s eep , how oft , th s tha t e e e
B RR C ORNW
-
A Y ALL Th S , e ea in Ca l .
—
c edits S he is a s rel entless a s a ga soline ta nk wh en the
m
r
m
-
m
,
en ta l
m
.
the la st ,
lf
se -
relia nce
discussed ful ly in the cha p ters
,
w ere
on S elf Confi dence a nd Fluenc y so they Will b e
-
to uched only inci d enta lly here ; b esid es the n ex t cha p ter
m
,
—
the second of the el e en ts of reserve p ower Tho ught .
my m
i d lk der ay b e a serious my l m
m
An e p t n ,
i e an e pt ar ,
a tter or not
— a ll wi ll d ep en d on the a va i l a b l e reso urc es .
m
’
, ,
g e t the .
m m
.
m
your a ss of thought a nd feeling will a inta in y our fl ow
of sp eech a nd give y ou the co nfidence a nd p oise tha t
d eno te reserve p ower To b e a wa y fro ho e with only . m
1 86 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE
. AKING
m
,
m mm
i
‘
—
ha nd fro the ilk a n .
m
s ea ,
m m
,
To .
m
-
—
m
fool tha t I a till thi s yo ung a n co es a nd tell s e .
th ey are j et b l a ck a da
m
-
.
,
Tennyson .
to m
ov mn e lives B eecher stood for hours b efore the
e
’
s .
a re b l in d There a re a tho u sa n d ti es a s
. a ny hidd en
m m m
-
a d e di scov erers fa —
o us fa c ts wa iting for so e one to
p lu ck out the hea rt of their y stery B ut so long a s m
m
‘ ’
.
m
T0 0 .
m m
‘
m m
.
”1
not to be so ra re .
m l i mic i f c
Thinking is doi ng enta ar th et w th a ts . Add
f c y ou c c in conclu ion
u f omno
this a t to tha t a nd rea h a erta s .
ul Mul i ly i f c b y no v
mny im occu c
res t . tp th s a t a ther a nd ha e a p re
ci o uc
im y o u v
se p r d t . S ee how a t es this rr en e ha p
p n c c d
fo m
e s in tha t sp a e of t e a nd ha e re a he a ca l
esses p er r
lg b
m m m
of a r th
m
e er n w pr e et a nd a e ra . Tha t is
ic u c xc ll l g n ic
mok n ki g o k nking k
w hy a the at s a re s h e e ent en ta y a st s .
by thin is w
im
B ut the sa e t e ,
n r . Thi ta es
gy i ki g qui i c bo d
m bl
Th e , a nd d
i fo mion
ener . n n re re s t p a t e n e ,
a n r a
n r clat d y on
,
a nd ea rhea d e ness . Be d a isera e
tho ughts of o thers ra ther tha n think for the selves thi s
m m
,
—
proportion will continue one a n in a illion will b e
a b l e to see a nd one in a tho u sa nd to think
m
.
,
, ,
weighing f
o idea s a nd a placing o the in rela tionshi p s to
foo t
mm
.
An d I h v
"
a e the an who ws he ws!
1 92 THE ART OF P U B LIC S PE AKING
u ming ough p ip ins ; w s th m
m m
p p the nd sa p up thr es a a e ee e
c ic l l bo to y in th b nch ixin g fl vo f th o ng
m
he a a ra r e ra es a r or e ra e
m
b hol d th t
e oth e king ch inf nt co n e dy
ree as a er a ea a a r r a
lik th o th E ki o g v D K n
m
e se e s s a e r . a e .
At l ng th w co t f l th t th G ks w r n t f w ong
m
e e e o ee a e ree e e o ar r
it g in t d t u ction dying wh n th t
a a s es r with d So , e e ree ere . e
F d y how u th t ch d op of w t is h th f l ctric
a ra a s s s a ea r a er a S ea or e e
fo c uffici nt t ch g L yd n j s d iv n
m m m m
r es s e o ar e e e ar , or r e a
t ll u h w hyd og n g will ch w u p l g i on p ik s
m
e s s o r e as e a ar e r s e a a
ch n w book op n u p o n w nd hith to un xp l o d
m
ea e e s s e e a er e re
w ond ou gl th t ho w d it o wn ll thing di t nt n d
m
r s a ss a s e s er a s s a a
b u d f o th bow Of G od b uty ; th un s p k f o
m
’
r e er s ea e s a a s ar r
th l ight of Hi wi do ; th
e ky s b ubbl on th
s sof His e s a a e e sea
Po w fo M s B owning w o ds N chil d n b
m
’
Ther . e re re r . r s r , o ca e
books .
p og
r t h o l id
re ss , i ty of th c n
e sd th con t in u i ty of
ar hi t o y e ra e, a e s r .
b in th p incip l h d it i A th di cov r l d us f o
m
ra e r e a s r se . s e s e re ea s r
outh of th Nil b ck t th h dw t s of Ny n S O
m
th e e e a o e ea a er a za ,
ny civili tions F r ll th fo s of t d y go b ck t
m m
a za . o a e re r o -
a a o
so for of y t d y Ma n rt go b ck t Ath ns nd
e re e s er a .
’
s a es a o e a
lib ty er m
ch fo w d in ar olid colu n Lincoln g p th
r ar a s m . ra s s e
h nd of W hington W hington c iv d hi w p on t th
m m
a as . as re e e s ea s a e
h nd of H
a s pd n nd C o w ll a Th g t Pu it n l ock
e a r e . e re a r a s
S er on on th Mount w th v y ch t Of lib ty It p ut
e as e er a r er er . s
und divin p ll t p c iv th t w ll co wo k
m
u s er a e s e o er e e a e a re a r ers
with th g t n
e nd y t ingl th d in th w p nd
rea e , a e s e re a s e ar a
th gul f t ul t u
chi v m nt Al on m
e s rea s r , e se ea ers o s a e s
t n w nd g n unl ight d
a e . e ee s s e o e s a es .
B fo B y on b g n t w it h u d t giv h lf n hou t d
ing omf vo it p g Th thought of o g t w it m
e re r e a o r e e se o e a a r o rea
s e a r e a ssa e . e s e rea r er
m
tch light th kindling u p on th g t bu ning
lu inou m ood B y on m
a s In th
e s e ra e . e se r ,
s o t vigo ou lif
s r s e .
m
. .
m m
-
—
b e trying b ut a t the l a st yo u wi ll b e gl a d in it
m m
.
m m
.
, ,
m m
m
“
m
.
wi th S ta n l ey p en etra te the hu a n h ea rt wi th S h a k es
,
m m
,
m m
, ,
m
brains S uch rea ding ust b e a live with fresh p oints of
.
m
Vi ew p a cked wi th specia l knowl edg e a nd dea l wi th sub
, ,
je c ts of Vi t a l in terest D o no t confin
. e yo u r r ea d ing to
wh a t you a lrea dy k now yo u wi ll a gree with Opp o si tion
m
’
—
ind a nd onc e sure tha t y o u ha ve tho ught it out thor
—
o ughly a nd h o nestly have the co ura ge to a bide by the
d eci sion of yo ur own tho ught B ut don t b ra g a bout it .
’
a f terwa rd .
m
of which so e one sa y s : It is socia listic Tha t wi ll
m
m m
.
m
a nd
-
rr
then s o e .
lyz o c h y o u v d d
m m m
5 A.n a e s e sp ee th a t ha e r ea or he a r
g
m
p a e 3 94
Write out a three inute sp eech on a ny subj ec t
m m
6 .
-
m
on pa ge 1 9 1 fro D r Hillis s The Uses of B ooks a nd
“
.
’
Rea ding .
m
.
,
m
m
The .
a M a n Th in k eth All en
m m
.
,
Now the m
i p orta nt thing here is tha t yo u S ho ul d set
a ll yo u r fa c ul ti es to ta k e in the th ing s a bo u t you wi th the
m m
,
m mm m
the .
yo u Ih v li l im prepa ra tion— m
m
ind m b o b d by o h m
B ut, sa y, a e SO tt e t e for y
u Web ster D a niel
m
st be a s r e t er a tters .
m
e
m m
e
m m mm
,
.
,
.
S U B JE C T AND PREP RA ATION 20 1
o n m
m lo y
der e p er wo ul d
di sc h a rg e a Web ster of to da y for
m
e;
live
m
.
Why wa it for a ore conveni ent sea son for this bro a d
m
,
m
.
mm
by utilizing just the spa re o ents tha t woul d o therwise
m
b e wa sted You wi ll b e a a z ed a t the result One p a s
m m
. .
mm m
,
m
, ,
mm
— o ing vi i ing h i k u
m
rest y e t n th is S O t a t to th e s r er B e s r e .
life fla bby .
Choosing S ubject
mi l
a
m m m
,
m
, , ,
m
found a sub j ec t tha t grip s hi .
m mm
. es
a t l ea st so e mm
a tu red tho ug ht
”1
.
Ev en when m
your the e ha s b een ch o sen for yo u by
so m
eon e el se th ere re m
a in s t o yo u a con sidera b le fi el d
m m
,
so eon e el se
— su ch q u estion s a s these :
H w
1 oA tt t tod H ld
ra cA di J B
an o Es w i an u en ce , . erg en e n .
S U B JE C T AND PRE P ARATION 205
, ,
m
,
refu se to b e a sq u a re p eg in a ro u nd ho l e .
Q uestions o f P r oportion
m m
,
m
,
a g a in
m mm
.
m m m
yo ur a ddress de a nds the o st e pha si s This onc e .
m
,
your a u dienc e do es .
m
The -
is to
g a ther your fa c ts a t first ha nd Your word s co e wi th
.
or a pp ea l To do so m
a y p rove l a bo ri o u s b ut it sho ul d
m m
,
.
m
’
,
mm
S tu dents on the Art of S tu dy — tha t see s lik ely to p ro
To a ke a g en era l index to yo ur l ib ra ry do es a wa y wi th
the n ec essi ty for i nd exing individ u a l vo lu es th a t a re m
not a l rea dy ind ex ed
m
.
serv e a s well . m
The sa e no te book tha t records the i
-
m
pression s of y o ur own experienc es a nd thoughts wi ll b e
en riched by the id ea s of o thers
m
.
, ,
m
- -
friends
m
.
on c ards, thus :
Soc rall s m
S TW ”
lb
m
.
m §
1 se 1913
50c
Ow lg
/
r
M W W
—
The fra ction s refer to book s in your libra ry the nu era
m
tor b ei ng the book nu b er the deno ina to r referring to
-
,
m
the p a g e Thus S a fa lla cy ref ers to p a g e 2 1 0 of
m m
.
.
,
s m
ubj ec t a y b e indica ted like the i a ginary book by m
Forb es If yo u clip the a rticles it is b etter to i ndex
m m
.
,
m
.
m
,
m m
.
m
,
mm
, , ,
ou line om
pl im
pl m fo —
of outlin n
fo m
the t C ete . The s est r e ot
following :
— m
Wha t pro sp eri ty ea n s The rea l tests of pro sperity
m
.
—
New interest in fa r ing E nor o us va lu e of our a gri
c ultu l —
products Reci oc l on —
de Foreign
m
ra p r a efl ect tra
—
co untri es a ffected Effec ts of our new interna l econo y
the regul a tion of b a nking a nd —
big b usiness on pro s
— c of d i u d o d fo ign
m m m m m
p er ity E ffe ts o ur rev ise a tt t e t w a r re
Obvio u ly i v y im
spl o u lin
,
th c p b l of con
s er s e t e is a a e
g um
sidera b le e a s er ea ea a t
f c n inf nc pl
ng d i h m
a ts, ar e ts, ere es a nd ex a es .
Here is o u lin o g d
g um
an t e a rra e wt re re ar for
ar n e t:
en ts of a u tho ri ti es ) .
Ad p t d f
1 a e ro mm
p Co osition -
Rhetor ic , S cott a nd D e nn yp
, . 24 1 .
S U B JE C T AND PRE P ARATION 213
(E x a p l es of recent ca ses
IV . FACT A S EFFE CT : They reenfo rce the cri in a l m
cla sses (Effects on our civic life )
m
. .
soi l .
‘
)
k The Ca va l iers
s
.
o
o The French Ca tho lic settlers .
l
i
t
The Puri ta ns .
h i i n c h pl in n
m m
3 . C r st a a a s i ister t o o u r la w
a king bo dies to our a r
,
y a nd to our na vy
, .
4 . T h e C h ri st i a n S a bb a th is o ffi ci a lly a nd g en
m m
.
i i n f i ly h i i n y
m
5 . T h e C h r st a a a n d th e C r st a s ste
m
PE OPLE .
a Ch ri sti a n n a tion .
Af ter the m
outline ha s b een p erf ec ted co es the ti e to m
m
wri te the sp eech if wri te it yo u u st Th en wh a tever you
m
,
.
,
a nd g et fi rsth and -
i nf o r a tion on so e su b j ec tm of in terest m
to the pub lic Arra ng e the resul ts of yo ur resea rch in the
m
.
for of a n o utline or b ri ef
m
.
,
m
5 . r a r a te o
;
in u te a ddress Ta ke -
m .
m
Co p etition the Life of Tra de ? (j) B a seb a ll is too
m
‘
m
’
, , ,
ll o ng of b n fi of p iodic l
m
9 T
. e s e thi th e e e ts u s g a er a
V i ew
m
.
cise 5 .
you know .
CH A PT ER XIX
I N F L U E N C I N G B Y E X P OS I TION
A m
co plete discussion of the rhetoric a l struc ture of
pub lic sp eeches requi res a full er trea tise tha n ca n b e un
derta ken in a wo rk of this n a ture yet in this cha p ter a nd , ,
Argu en t a nd Pl ea ding
, the u nd erlying p rincipl es ,
The Na ture o E
f px osition
—
wh a t the sub j ec t rea lly is it is expl a n a tion .
m
.
m
p orta nce
o
c of ing fo th a a tter so pl a in ly
m
cisely the p r ta n e se tt r
th a t it c a nno t b e i sunderstoo d .
m
oc of xp o ition is t b co cl r m
m m
To a ste r the p r ess e s o e e a ea
up on b ing qu t d t d fin highly co p l x id N w o
m
e re es e o e e a e ea . o s e
fo u cc d S o ti w f l confid nt th t w h v p
m mm
r s s ee . e es e ee e a e a e er
f t t y of n id b u t wh n th ti co s t xp ss it
m
ee a s er a ea , e e e e o e re ,
th cl n b co s h E xp o sition th n i th t t of
m
,
e ea r e ss e e a a ze .
, e , s e es
see y ou ubj ct cl ly n d co p h n iv ly nd t
r s e ea rk you r a re e s e , a o a e
au di nc e it you do
e se e as .
”2
Th W ki
x P i i l f Rh t i J F G
e or ng r nc pa s o e or c , . . e n u ng
H w 2 A o t d H ld
to A di
ttra c J B g E
an wi o an u en ce , . er se n e n.
I NFL U E NCIN G B Y E XP OS ITION 22I
m
I n trying to si p lif y it is fa ta l to S illify To exp l a in
m
.
,
So e Purposes f E xposition
o
m
Fro wha t ha s b een sa i d it ought to b e clea r tha t
m
,
m
p r a ,
sity
— these ust b e the consta nt sta n da rds b y which y o u
test the efliciency of y o ur e x p o si tio n s a nd i n deed tha t
m m
, , ,
M ethods of E xposition
The va rio us wa y s a long which a sp ea k er a y proc eed m
in exp osition a re likely to touch ea ch o ther now a nd then ,
222 TH E ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
ven wh en they
do not eet a nd a ctua lly overla p m
mm
a nd e ,
m m
.
m m
, ,
l owing is a si ple ex a pl e :
To e xp ound is to set fo th th n tu th ignific nc th
r e a re , e s a e, e
cha ra ct i tics
er s , a nd th b
e ing of n id
ea r g oup of id s
a ea or a r ea .
di ctly with th
re ning int nt of it ubj c t inst d of with
e ea or e s s e ea
its p p
a nc ea ra e .
Thi s m
n ti thesis for s a n exp a nsion of the d efinition
m
a ,
inds of the hea rers Of ten a sk for rei tera tion a nd exp a nded
m en t to h elp th e m
g ra sp a sub j ec t in its severa l
m
sta te
10 n the v a riou st p s fd
y e o e fi n ition see a ny coll eg e m a nua l of Rhetoric .
2 24 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
D i scarding is less co m m m
m
on for of pla tfor expla na
a
,
.
,
the con sid era tion of a n in trica tely rela ted a tter th a t
m m
-
ethod :
a a m
c nnot ll ow ys lf t b l d id f o th onl y issu b for
I e o e e as e r m e e e e
th hu b nd of h rtb ok n w o n nd th t hi b b s will go
m
e s a a ea r e a a a s a e
throu gh th wo l d und sh do w of th l w s xt
m
’
th e r st er e a e a e re e
p n lty w o k d up on th ir f th W u t fo g t th v n b l
m m
e a r e e a er . e s r e e e era e
l n d of h son s di g c Wh t h v th
ea r e er tt s of h rt
’
s ra e . a a e e se a er ea ,
w h t h v th b l nch d f c
a a e of hi f i nd wh t ha v th
e e e a es s r e s, a e e
wh n yo u
e w o n t w igh onl y th dir c t videnc b fo
a re s r you ?
o e e e e e e re
n did wi th r v ng ful in t nt co it th u d r
m
thi
m
wh the er s a e e e e e r e
th t v y i p
a e erti l wi tn s h s sol nl y l id
ar t his doo
a es a e a a r .
the ra e g v o l i u s of ll ti ra ss e a es . Wh a te v b e it cono ic
er s e
F
IN L UE N CIN G BY E XP OS ITI ON 225
m m
o s of th
a er e or e a sse s , e
t fli
ra of th
c, f n d of h l v n t
te ser — , tt
a of cono ic e s a e o as a e rs e
m
,
a c li a x (a l ec tur e on 2 o th c en tu ry p o ets) ; a nd so on
m
.
u o n u fl ct d
m
nt G o d , or a re circu ferred to t a re , or a re re e e or
hu nity F ll thin g
t m
a s or a . or a s a re ar e a
p d wi th thi t ip l ch ct of th p ow of G d th
nc of n tu nd th u of m
s a e s r e a ra er, e er o , e
diff
m
e re e na re , a e se a
—LORD B ACON Th A d n
.
nt f L ning , e va ce e o ea r .
1
the fo regoi n g p a ssa g e whil e divi sion a rbi tra rily sep a ra tes
m
,
m
,
g w see o unfi ni h d o p rf ct nd o
m mm
or i a es , e s e a re s e , s e a re e e , a s e
a re d f c d S of hi to i w
e a e .
y find thr
o kind o i ls
s r es e a ee s, e r a ,
Q t d i Th W ki P i ip l
1 uo e n f Rh t i J F G
e or ng r nc es o e or c , . . enung .
2 26 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PEAKIN G
mm
fi i d
n she , or the fi st r ough dr fts of history ; and ntiquiti s r o r a a e
m
a re hi sto ry d fa c d r so r na nts of histo ry which ha ve
e e , o e e
p d th ship w c k of ti
m
c sua llyzs
a e ca e e re e
—LORD B ACON The Ad n ent f L ning
.
va ce o ea r l
, .
b ro a d principle or a genera l
mm m
G eneraliza tion sta tes a ,
rep erto ry
m m
.
cov r th w t with fl t p l t
e e p i ton whi ch fi ts th in t i or
a er a a a e or s , e er
sh ll wi tn ss th fo ll o wing p h no n Aft th l p se of o
m m m
a e e e e a . er e a s e
ngin in its o t l nt y fo
m m
is th t e s ea -
e F r a t e s e e e ar r . o s ea
e ngin y b d fin d as n p p
e a tu s f doing work by
e e ns e a a a ra or ea
v e ni nt tho u gh it
e y b n w s th d finition p ci ly a e, a s er e e re se 2
m
.
—
ples in exp o si tion a s in every o th er for s rse .
d p G
ms
Q uote in The Wor king P rin ci les of Rhetor ic J F
m m
1 e nu ng
d p
, . . .
’
G C V Hol e q u ote in S eci en s of E x p osition H L a
. . . , . . o nt .
2 28 THE ART OF PU B L IC S PE AKING
Ha v e yo u ev er hea rd su ch a n a d dress?
m
2 .
I nv i x l i llu iv of
m
3 . e n t a se r e s o f e a p es s tr a t e th e di s
a d e on p a g es 2 3 2 a nd 2 33
m
tinctionS .
5 . N a e th e s i x s ta n d a rd s by w h ic h e xp o s i to ry
wri ting sho ul d b e tri ed .
pl ify d fi ion by n i i
m
7 . A th e e ni t a t th es s
.
tion
IN FL UE N CI N G B Y E XPOS ITION 2 29
a lrea d y n a
m
ed .
D efi n e co rr el a tio n
m
14 . .
(S ee p a g e
Write a short c a refully g en era li zed sp eech fro m
m
18 .
,
S p ea king :
t l ov ; id n p lighting h t oth
f snee rs
m m
a t v ir tu e a e to hi th e a e er r
m
m m
.
m
)
m m
()
e th e er ; (f ) the fli rt ; (g the n r
tion of S ir Jo h n Fa l sta ff p a g e 2 2 7
,
.
2 32 TH E ART OF PU B LI C S P E AKIN G
m
u look d escrip tion a s a p ictoria l p roc ess whether
m
st at ,
er a l ,
whil e d escrip tion ust dea l wi th the pa rticula r .
—
is fi rst of a ll su ch for the sp ea k er he c a n no t d esc rib e
wha t he ha s n ev er seen ei ther phy sic a lly or in fa nc y It is
,
.
son a l vi ew
— his vi ew a dds to the n a tura l in terest of the
sc en e a nd
,
m
a y ev en b e the so l e so urc e of th a t in terest to
his a u di to rs .
Horse m u con i m
m om
b ut here we p st s der the icturing ind .
oub l bi ing ng
m m
the -
ind tha t f r s the d e ha t of see thi s
clea r y l — o i in n do i
of im
for w e see re w th the d tha we w th
— gi ng ng
g i g m mn y
he p hysica l a nd then these thi for
t eye re a s
-
u o b o
m
i ds
’
the p rp se of ett n the ef re the e es of the
hea rers N bi
. o u ul
O n
ha of vi u lizi g
t is re sef tha tha t s a n
c l ea r ly obj c c i u io n c ion
imy
the e t, the s ene , the S t at ,
the a t ,
the
p ers on bo u,
a c ib nl
t to b e des r ed . U ess tha t p r ar
Person s
tion th a n singly
m
.
Methods of D escription
I n pub lic sp ea king description should be ainly by
,
m
sugg estion not on ly b ec a u se sugg estiv e d escrip tion is so
mm m m
,
—
li tera lly say they sugg est i d ea s a nd pic tures to the i nd
of the b ea rer which suppl e ent the direc t words of the m
sp ea k er Wh en D ick en s in his Chri st as Ca rol sa y s m
m m
:
.
, ,
m m
, ,
.
,
2 36 TH E ART OF P U B LI C S PE AKING
This sta te en t i s pl a in
m
D escription a y be dir ect
‘
m
.
B RI E F
m m
.
He w a s a sh rt , s a re , ra w e e a , a o e
p o d i th o
se d y t h v cqui d it fi y hu f o th con
h se a s o a e a re s er e r e
inch in ci cu f nc Hi h d w s p f ct sp h n d of
m m
es r e re e . s ea a a er e ere , a
c p bl of up p o ting it ; wh fo h wi ly d clin d th t
m m
a a e s r ere re s e se e e e a
P ovid nc
r ing th t h w s
e n of s d nt y h bits
e , see nd a e a a a e e ar a , a
v y v
er t th idl l bo of w lking
a e rse o e e a r a .
, ,
m m
ve a s a o del of hu orous cha ra cter p ic turing
well m
m
ay ser ,
mm m
.
p
.
Th e re S t ik ! Aw y it o
es ! High !
e . r e a s a rs er
around t n t ok ! a o e s r e
Ob serve the re mk bl
lecturer
ar a e wa y in whi h thec
fused sp ea ker a udience sp ec ta tors a nd p la y ers i n to one
, , ,
.
,
—
too how p erha p s uncon scio usly—Ta l a g e \p a inted the
m
,
m m
.
,
m
, , ,
D e A ici s .
238 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
lu di nt moun in
on p p d b fo of c n
m ml l f ing
B e -
sta a ta a rv e st e a ea re e re
—th T p
,
the , it e t h v n it wil d n
e Of chi l d
e, o ea e s er e ss se e
p inn cl fl inging t th
a es, ky th gol d n p y of its d co tion o e s e e s ra e ra
—LAF CAD IO HEARN Chin Gh t
.
, ese os s .
fi l d nd j w l lik b ut n t f o sty
m
Th t w
e s a rs l e re c ea r c o o re , a e e -
e, o r .
th b l c k fi p oint
e a tood u p ight n d t ock till
r
-
B y th whit
s s r a s -
s . e e
th ind c ib b l qu i t t lk Of th
e es r unn l ov th ton
a e e a e r e er e s es
—RO RT§L OU IS S TE VE N S ON T l with D nk y
.
BE ra v e s a
m
o e
m
, .
ll th B ton l nd l oo king o b Th v y d y d
m
m
a e re t a s re , oo . e er a s see e
d nl y b ing d kn
e rt b o d noon Th wind
ar o n d con
e ss a r a . e a e
m
. .
,
I th g
see t f c t o y wh
e b tt lion ight h v d ill d ;
rea re e r ,
1
ere a a a a e r e
rea a
D ecid e,
on b eginning a descrip tion wha t p oint of vi ew ,
1 In the Milit a ry Co ll eg e of M od e na
This fig sp Visi
.
“
3 u re o f ee ch is kn ow n as on .
2 40 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
m
p
tive phra ses The only Vi sua l i p ression tha t ca n b e
.
mm
, ,
m
C p itol Hi ll ; t b t qu ic k I l ook d t th t o w ing
m y h
m m
a ea r ea as e a e er
bl of y count y C p itol nd th i t g th d in y
m m
’
ar e r s a a e s a e re
ey s s I thought of it t
e a ndous signific nc nd th s is re e a e, a e ar e
an d th t u y nd th ju dg s nd th P id nt nd th
e rea s r , a e e a e res e , a e
C ong nd th co u t
re ss a nd ll th t w e g th d th r s, a And a a as a e re ere .
Sight th n th t j tieho of
a a p u b l ic th
a es t h d t u g ht th e a re a a a e
t th t g
o at h ou in which th k Of th cov n nt of y country
rea se e ar e e a
dy d I w nt t vi it f i nd in th count y
ft
m m m m
T wo a s a e rwa r , e o s a r e e r ,
n d fi l d ich with th p o i of h v t Th f g nc of th
m m
a e r e r se ar es . e ra ra e e
p in k n d h ol layh oc k in th f on t y d w ing l d w it h th o e r ar as e e ar a
of th o ch d nd of th g d n on nt wi th th clu ck
m
e r ar nd a e ar e s, a re s a e
f p oul try nd th hu of b
m
o a e ee s .
th ol d cl ock th t h d w l co d in t dy u v yn w
m m m m
e a a e e , s ea ea s r e , e er e
d d nd h d k p t co p ny with th w tch t th b d id
ea , a a e a e a er a e e s e .
th big tful b d n d th ol d Op n fi pl c
m m
Th w
e re e re e , nd
re s e s a e , e re a e, a
th ol d f
e ily B ibl thu b d with th fing of h nd l ong
a e, e e e rs a s
ci nc f th h o
m m m
s e e o e e .
n wi th n tg g on hi oof no li n on hi g owing c op
m
'
m m
a , o or a e s r , e s r r s,
of hi l nd nd of hi lf Th w hi old
m m m
t
a s er t s a a a s er se . e re as s
f th n g d t bl ing n but h p p y in th h t n d ho
m
a er , a a e , re a , a e ea r a e
of hi n And th y t t d t th i h o th h nd of th
m m
s so . as e s ar e o e r e, e a s e
An d th y ch d th doo th ol d oth c
as e rea with the e r e er a e e
su n t f ll ing f i on h f c nd lighting up h d p p ti nt
m m
se a a r er a e, a er ee , a e
b d h hu b nd nd n w lco t th i ho
a e er s a aB yond w so e e o e r e . e as
con ci nc th b u c kl n d h lp t of h hu b nd D o wn th
m m
s e e, e er a e ee er s a . e
t u nt bi d do th qui t of th i h o n t
m
,
as r a r s e e e r e es .
t tl d bi d c ll d f o th fo h ill
m
s ar e r t n d th
a e t w r e res , a e re e s ere s r
wi th th crick t ing in th
m m m
’
e y n d th t w
e w s cr ky , a e s a rs e re s ar e s
t bl c ll d th t th i kn th l ittl b by hiding in th
m
a e, a e e o e r ee s , e e a e
fold of it oth
s d s whil h cl o d th er s co d of th t
’
ress , e e se e re r a
242 THE A RT OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
i ml by c lling down G od b n diction on th t f ily m
m m
’
s p e da y a s e e a a
a nd th t ho An d whil I g d th vi ion of th t bl
m
a e . e a ze , e s a ar e
C p it o l f d d F o go tt n w u j sty
m
a it t
a e n d it
. r e e re s re a s re s a s a e ,
id Oh u ly h in th ho of th p op l l odg d
m
“
a nd I sa , , s re e re e es e e e a re e
o s er e
th h p e nd th p o
o e a — e r e s re . . .
S UGGES TI VE S CENE S
a nd p l c s Th sight of
a e pl . nt bo p ut it in u ind t e a ea sa ar r s o r o
ea ly r ising nd l ong
r bl s in th d w Th ff c t of night
a ra e e e . e e e ,
w kno w n t wh t y t w p oc d in qu t of it
e o And ny ofa , e e r ee es . a
th h p p i t h ou in l if fl t by u in thi v in tt nd nc on
mm
e a es rs e ee s s a a e a e
in su ch pl c h ps g b ck t b s f y c ;
m
‘
nd p a es, a er a a es a , o e er o ra e
nd wh n I w chil d I t i d t inv nt pp op i t g
m m
a e as a f r e o e a r r a e a es or
to y So p l c s p k di tinc tl y C t in d n g d ns
m m
s r . e a e s ea s . er a a k ar e
cr y l ou d f
a u d ; c t in ol d hou d nd t b h unt d ;
or a r er er a se s e a o e a e
l dy s th p l c wh K t w o t o of his E ndy i n
m mm m m
a rea a e a e ere ea s r e s e o
a nd N l on p rt d f o
e s his E — still a t w it th e r a se e s o a e co
m
th s ol d g
e e n hutt s o fu th bu in s s o uld w iting
ree s er , s e r er s es ers , a
m
its ho u Th ol d H w Inn t th Q u n s f y k
m m
’
for r . e a es a e ee e rr a es a
si il c ll u p on y f ncy Th it t nds p t f o th
m
ar a a . e re s a , a ar r e
to wn b id th p i in cl i te of it wn h lf inl nd h lf
m
es e e e r, a a s o a a a
ar e r , e er e e a e ar
Op e . a re , r , , ,
it s d h t id
re und -
o ching ut it
s es nci cling as er , rea o s ar s, e r ,
th h t g dy outh of n p p ll ing on t
d h ound th co n ! Anim
e o ,
ree a a a s er .
H w th h o l in tinct
m
o e rses as ar e r er a s ,
sa y yo u ? o B ut on
m
Ay e, re . r e rea s .
Up th l dd
”
n! e a ers , e
a n d th up n d do w n
e re , n d wind th i cutting dga oun d , a e r e es a r
ok l p ut At th high t p oint up on th o f t nd
m
s e ea s o . e es e r o s a s a
g tu
m
es th re s , e ar s s a e e s s
n
mm
’
re . e a s ar s r es a s a er a s e ar s
f c
a On w o
es n woon w y e a s s a a .
Poo f ll ow ! D d ! l bo h l ook up on
m
”
r l ine ea ex c a r s a a rer , as e s
n body
m
’
th e a s .
n d I k n w hi w ll t ! H l iv d n x t doo t
m m
“
Ay J e, oe , a e e , oo e e e r o
b it of o p h n
s r bu y hi w if
a fo tnight g
s . e e r s e a r a o .
Ah J ! b u t it h d l in th o p h n
m m
”
f
’
oe s ar es or e r a s .
,
t il n d l ving c i
ra a on bl otch of c u l ty l ong th p th of
ea r s es r e a e a
night
m
.
th y ll u t fi n?
“
A re e a o ,
re e
m
”
Ay e , a y e , sir !
y n t ! Th s wo n in th t p window hol d
m
No
’ ’
the re o ere a a e o
ing chil d in h
m m
a er a r s er er e r -
a r er
Th l dd e th ! A hu nd d p ou nd t th
a ers , n wh ks e re re s o e a o a e
cu !
mm
th e res e
A do n t t o upp l th n th oth
m
On n ze s ar nd . e a re s e a e ers , a
reckl in hi b v y cl b s t th t p ung of th l dd
e ss s ra er , a er o e o r e a er .
sho rt ! h c i s H oi t noth !
m
“ ” “ ”
T oo e r e . s a er
Up it go H ount t th window f t n th op l h
es . e s o e , as e s e r e, as es
F
IN L U E N CIN G B Y D E S CRIP ION T 2 45
m
o ing th fi into uglyb b p tin n d l ts m m
m m
the r a nd a e , sw s e o e e ss , a e
down t b e cu d by hi co d
m
th e o e r s e s ra es .
B vo fi n ! hout th c ow d
m
“ ”
ra , re a s s e r .
A c h b k th ough th up o of c ckling ti b
ra s rea s r e r ar ra e rs .
L oo k liv oof h f ll n !
m
"
4 ! G t G d ! Th
‘
u p th a e, e re rea o e r as a e
Th w ll w y
e ock nd tu bl in with d f ning o
a s s a , r , a e a ea e r ar .
p c t to c s t b th Th col d t uth v l it lf
m
Th e s e a rs ea e o re a e . e r re ea s se .
Th fi
m
e n h b n c i d into th
re a thin g fu n c
as An o l d
ee a rr e e see r a e .
sh i king
r e ving nd w inging h h nd nd op nin g h h t
, ra , a r er a s a e er ea r
of g i f r e .
Poo J ohn ! H w b v l dh w t !
m
r ll I h d ! An d e as a a a ra e a e as , oo
—
.
w y in th p oin ting t
’ ”
n w
o n w h th o ! h e s p t e re , a a ere s e re ea s , o
th c u l ov n
m
e r e e .
ngin do th i w o k Th fl i
m m
Th e e esdi ut An e r r . e a es e o . ee r e
gl oo h ng ov th uin l ik fo id bl bl ck n d p ll
a s er e r s e a r a e, a e e a .
sho rt e x te p o ra n eo u s sp ee ch es .
m
3 D e . er a sh -
ented styl e
m
.
fec tive style ; (6 ) sho w how the one surp a sses the o ther
m
ef .
5 M a k
. e a l i st of te n su b j ec ts whic h l end the sel v es
m
, , .
7 For one
. inute look a t a ny obj ec t scene a ction , , , ,
2 46 THE ART or PU B LI C S P EAKING
m
.
i ic descrip tion
a rt st .
m
.
m
1 1 .
,
a nn er of Cha u c er (p .
to g esture :
His v y th o t w o l Y u w good d l of it Y u m
m
er r a as ra . o sa a ea . o
h d v
a b h l d th ti f h f t n d it b hind ) nd th it
e er e e e e, or e as e e e , a e re
whi k l b fo you It d t y on th p t of M
m
s e r e ss e re . see e o sa , e ar r .
P c k niff i no d c p tion l di nd g n tl n ll is
m m
“
e Th
s , e re s e e , a es a e e e , a
p c h o ly c l p v d S did hi h i j u st g i l d
”
ea e, a a er a es e . o s a r, r zz e
with n i on g y which w
a r ll b u h d ff hi fo h d
ra ,
nd as a r s e o s re ea , a
fr f o co p ul ncy S did hi
ee r r nn which w s soft nd
e . o s a e r, a a
, ar zz e .
m m
.
,
S h w s a b l oo ing l ss of f r sh ight n p lu p
m
e a s a e e ee , a a par
tridg ri p nd
e, lting nd o y ch k d s n of h f
e a e a r s -
ee e a o e er a the r s
'
p c
ea h — IR V I N
es G . .
2 48 THE ART or PUBLIC S PE AKING
Cri ticise,
fa vora b ly or unfa vora b ly the descrip tion s
m
24 .
,
I N F L U E N CIN G B Y N A RRA TI ON
Th p n p l con i t in
e ri c1 king th p p op i t thought follow
e s s s a e a r r a e
o i o u g o f c o f c in
m m
th epp ap t th r ht th r a e
p p t th p p t ; , e r er a e r er a
m
rs re ar e or a s o e, a e e
ch i cu iou ly hi to ic l Mo t n you y
v y m m
m
Our er sp e e s r s s r a . s e , a
ob v p k onl y t n t ; n t in i p ting wh t th y h v
mm
ser e, s ea o a rra e o ar a e a e
e v p o t ! Thu
a ra e w do no thing b ut n ct Hi t o y w
s, a s y e e a s r e sa
e re e . S , s or .
ev ents in g en era l
m m
'
Na rra tion r -
n —
o e ea sily defi ed tha n a stered i s the
reci ta l of a n inci dent or a g ro up of fa c ts a nd occurrenc es
m
, ,
m
I n a preli ina ry way notic e how ra dica lly the public
m
,
dia l ogue a nd cha ra cter dra wing a nd freedo fro ela bora
m
,
m
,
m
,
m
pra c tise of conc ea ling the p oin t (déno ue ent) of a story
”
mm
un til the effective o en t ; a nd the ca reful suppression
of n eedl ess a nd therefore hurtful deta il s
m m
.
, ,
m
, the ,
m
in o rder to b ring the out wi th rea l effec t .
m m
, ,
mm
Grea t nob l e a nd stirring a s these older a sters were in
m
,
m
grea t leng th of ti c ev en a ll owing for a ll tha t we lo se
m
h
ev e m ng with Puri ta n
girl to tha t of sitting on a b lock of
a
to sa y Geo rge Ade ha s quo ted this one a s the b est j oke
.
he ever hea rd :
na p li d N t v y
re e : o er .
ll n w thing t b d p i d ho k wh p ut ov
m m
a re a e Th s o e es se . e S e a er o er
tc h d by hi yo ung iv l c o
a e th t t wh hu ng u t thi
s r a a r ss e s ree o o s
drive ho e br g g b o e
m
p a r t ,
ef re a n d p a rt a f ter th
reci ta l of the sto ry The fa c t tha t the sp ea k er i squo ted
.
the words of Gen esi s in which the Ark is d escrib ed did not
see m
to detra c t fro the b url esqu e hu o r of the sto ry m m
I b p k th u tm o t t tch of you cou t y tonight I m
.
f om w h om I com Y u mm
es ea e s s re r r es . a
n t t oub l d bo ut tho b th
m nt him n ighbo with p itch of m
o r e a se r e . o re e er e
n wh o
a wif se t e se ilk o a e r a er ,
th l nding
m
as e ffo d d into th b
a s a r e , e a se e , a , e
hi lf up h d th p l u of h i ng hi wif c ll u t
se , a e ea s re ea r s e a o :
whil tho
ing f om
S o, e se o a o e r e a s re e
n nd f nt up on wh t I h ll y Th
ch onc wh tol d omboy of th B ibl l on
e ss a ra e ss o e a s a sa . ere
n ol d p
d in th m
w as a re a er e o s e s e e e ss
of n p g Wh n No h w n hund d nd
m
“
e o e a e: e a as o e re a
tw t n ye y o l d h t oo k u
ea rsnt o h i l f w if w h we — th n se a e, o as e
tu ning th p g
r n hu nd d n d fo ty cu bi t l ong fo ty
e a e o e re a r s , r
n tu lly p u l d t thi H d it g in
m
H w
”
and ut o . e as a ra zz e a s . e rea a a ,
v ifi d it nd th n id My f i nd thi i th fi t ti I v
m
er e , a e sa ,
r e s, s s e rs e e er
t thi in th B ib l b u t I cc p t it id nc of th
f fully n d w ond fully m
e s e n e, a e as a ev e e e a sser
tion th t w a e a re de If I coul d g t
ea r a er a . e
, r ee eer o e
t k I oth wi
as p p o ch wi th
er n of con c tion
se a r a a se se se ra .
A l g l w foot d d ky w l ning g in t th co n of
ar e, S e -
e ar as ea a a s e r er
g ub bu ck t Th d ky li t n d with hi h d on n id
r e s . e ar s e e , s ea o e s e,
d p igh nd k d t hi l f
m m
a ee S a re ar e o se :
mc n f c o i
”
fur e !
itu tion in thou nd of A l ge
mll
Tha t is the S a sa s eri a a t r e s, ar
a nd s a , t od y An d why ? t
a t . e c .
, e c .
Ma c l a ren :
n t in th i h ir Th y will u ll th di t nc f o C p
m m
es s e r a . e ea s re a e s a e r a e
o d Th y w ill w h i hi t n d cou g th lv Th y
m
r a . e ea r a r S r s a s r e e se es . e
will f t n d d ny th lv Th y will b u il d c th d l
m
as a e nd e se es . e a e ra s a
an d t rt s a ll th u you l iv
s a t th ndl t k of king your
r r es a e e e ss as a
lv dy f h v n nd winning it by ob di nc nd by
m
se e s re a or ea e , a e e e a
th n l i t n t th hu b l ing g th t y Y u do “
ra th er a s e o e e ssa e a sa s, o
th t will cl n you ? W h nd b cl n ! N ns ’
w t a er, a ea as a e ea aa a
G d w h cl n d hi w s no p ow in Jo d n s w t s ’
o o Th ea se . ere a er r a a er
t t k
o a w y th t in t of l p o y
e a a Ou cl n ing is in th t b l ood
e a e r s . r ea s a
of J u Ch i t th t h th p ow t t k w y ll in nd t
m m
es s r s a as e er o a e a a a s , a o
k th foul t ong t u p u nd cl n
a e e es a s s re a ea .
u t b l ook d f in Ro n ct nd in Ro an yings
m
s,
‘
s e e or a a a .
sa .
o n j y n in ying of j n
mm
R t t h t h T I p t
‘
a a es s , a e a ra a era ore
— ought t di st nding ;
m m
op t or ere t nt i th t C
s a e or a ae sa r , o e a a
c of i o i l g nd u p lying th t h
mm
sp h
ee p t ! I
e ra r a wh w ra e r a e, o as
“
t h foe o t n
re of ll th i ss w o l d —
a nd in g d t ll a r , a , re ar o a
ch ct i tic vi tu in hi f w ll t— hould di in p in tu
m m m
a ra er s r e s a re e ac s e roc c
h oul d l t n y fi st with Ro n
m
a nd s t th ee th e as e e as e r , a a
t i l
or a wh t foll o w h d
-
a con ul j ty nd is l o st th
s a a s ar a es , a a e
g nd t to y up on co d
m m
ra es s r re r .
M iu th o t b v n ti con ul w s in
m
m m
ar n whs, e a o r se o e se e es s , a a
dung on n d l v w nt in wi th co i ion t p ut hi
m
e , a a S a e a s se ss o
d th Th on th tw xt iti s of
m
t o ea w . th p e se e re e e rs s, -
e o e re e
x lt d n d fo l o n hu nity it v nw d n d it r w d
m m
e a e a r r a , s a ar a s ea r ar
Ro n con ul nd n b j ct l v B ut th i n tu l
m
an , a a s a a a e S a e . e r a ra
re al tions t ch o th w o by th c p ic of fo tun
ea er n e re , e a r e r e, o
t u ly inv t d th con ul w in ch in ; th l v w f
mm m
s ro s er e : e s as a s e s a e as or a
did M iu in t t hi lf in hi n tu l p ogativ ? B y
m m m
ar s re s a e se s a ra re r es
v l d wn f o h v n f o th did h in th
m
wh t a ar e s ra r ea e or r ea r , e, e
p l c b tw n hi lf nd hi s in ho t of h do wy l ic to ?
m m m
a e e ee se a s a ssa s a s s a rs
B y th bl nk up
e e re cy of g t inds ov w k on
a s re a re a er ea es .
H f in t d th l v ttl n k do bi d S t nding
m m
e a sc a e e S a e, as a ra es a e es a r . a
u t of th p i on l ik ny o th v in l ft M iu t nding in
m
m
o e r s e a er er , e ar s s a
sol itu d t df t nd i
e a s s ea ov bl th c p itol
as a a e as e a .
— TH OMAS D E Q U INCY .
H ere is a s m ml
i ila r ex a p e, r
p e a f c ed by a g enera l his
F
IN L UE NCIN G BY N RRA ATION 57
d y of thi
a th H n d Ad
s on — ncock
th M o nd A on a a a s, e se s a ar
thou nd t ong c i th nd c y th ov
m
a sa t s r , a e o se ze e a a rr e e r sea
mm
light f t ining A g t t ll n with l g h d nd
,
“
or ra . rea , a a , a ar e ea a a
h ll d th
a rs ainto lin nu b ing b ut v nty nd b d
e e e, er se e , a a e
v y n l o d hi p i c with p ow d nd b ll I will o d th
m m
“
e er a a s e e er a a . r er e
fi t n hot th t un w y
rs a s id h wh n o f lt d a r s a a ,
”
sa e, e s e a ere .
D on t fi unl fi d up on b u t if th y w nt t h v w
’
re e ss re , e a o a e a a r,
l t it b gin h
m m
e e ere .
fo tun nd th i c d hono t th F do of A ic nd
r e a e r sa re r o e re e er a, a
th t d y g v it l o th i li bo n in th t littl town
m mm m
a a I w
a e a s e r v es . as r a e ,
nd b d up id th o i of th t d y Wh n boy y
m m m
a re a e e r es a a . e a ,
a nd h l d whil I
e e nt l lin I v e w rea e rs e a e e e r sa
Ro in ny n nci nt town ; n y on Eg yp ti n ob li k
e, a a a e a , a e s s
h v a d wh t w w itt n b fo th E t n l i d up M o
e rea a as r e e re e er a ra se se s
t
e uch otion th
o s u tic n e of n wh f ll In as ese r s a es e o e
“
th S c d C u of G d nd th i Count y
m
e a re a se o a e r r .
t nd chi l d on th t t on ; th t ll c p t in wh
s a s se e h ll d a s e e a a a o a rs a e
2 58 THE ART or PUB LIC S PE AKING
f ll ow f r s nd ch nics into st rn r y a nd sp ok m m
m
his e a er a e a e a ra , e
su ch b r ve nd d ng ous wo ds s op n d th wa of A ric n
m
a a a er r a e e e r e a
Ind p nd nc — l l v th fi ld w — y f ther s
m
h
’
e te st t e e e, e a o ea e e , as . a
th t d y c p tu d f o
a a th f I l a n d a nother ligious
re r e oe , ea r e re
to us th both In th S c d C use of G d nd y
e e e a re a o a
m g
mm
,
n eck
m
.
er e e a -
e , a a e
s c t h d b n k p t b ut L o d P cy wh h d h d th p op l
mm m mm
e re a ee e , r er , o a ea r e e e
th to wn B ut s th t oop s c o d th iv E b n Do r
m m
e . a e r r sse e r e r, e e ze r r ,
with ss g t H ncoc k
a e nd Ad s w s iding ov
a e th N c k
o a a a , a r er e e
m
to r , a th t a e e re a r er e er o
if by l nd nd tw if by s
a — s
, S ign l of th
a rc h of th o ea a a a e a e
B ri tish .
2 60 THE ART or PU B LIC S PE AKING
Ha ll H op e C ollege
nd th t s up on th hill it is
of
m m
a nd . U er e re e e
m
rse e s ee a , es a rea ,
s s e r, a r s a s e
young lv wh in th d y th t no o u uring
m m m
er se es o, e a s a a re re , a re r
H pp y th w o n n d w
a y n e nd w o n in th p ictu
r a ea r a a a e re
sy p thy n d p i tion
a H p p y w b th n wh t v
a as ra y . a e, re re , a e er a
ho Of u e li y ow b ing wi th u th illi it b l h op
r ea r er e a rs , e r s e a e e,
th u nchill d
e olution th in xtingui h bl f ith Of youth
e res , e e s a e a .
tr t u hs t e ay be se to stra te .
D el iver fi v e
of these in your own la ng ua ge wi tho ut
m
2 .
,
m m
.
3 F r
.o th e te n d el iv er on e so a s t o a k
,
e th e a pplic a
5 D e
. l iv er a no t h er s o a s t o a k e th e a ppl ic a tion a f ter
m
.
6 D el iv er a no th er in su c h a wa y a s to a k e a sp ecific
.
m
sa e a ner .
a cco u nt
m
.
p er so n a l p r eju dic e .
I N F L U E N CI N G B Y S U G G E S TI ON
mm
o ti s th f ling th t giv n w y Of l ooking t thing is
m m
S e e e ee a a e a a s
in th i no l function
e r r a s
—
.
W h e n w e w e ig h co p a re a
,
n d d e m
cid e u p on th e ,
v a lue
of a ny given idea s we rea son ; wh en a n idea p roduc es in
,
m
d l ib ion ov d by u gg ion
m
to e e r a t w e a re ,
e s es t .
Ma n w a s fo r e r l y t h o u g h t t o b e a r e a soning a ni a l ,
or l ess s i pl e p r oc es s of r e a soning B u t od er n r es e a r ch .
h a s s h o w n th a t q u i t e t h e o pp o si te is t ru e M o st of o u r .
m
Op i nion s a nd a c tion s a re not b a sed up on con scio u s rea son
u h o i i d c l h of pu oning v y
m
i
m m
a t r t e s e a re t a t a n a ct re re a s s er
ra r e in t h e a v e r a g e ind M o e n to u s d e ci s ion
.
s a re a d e ,
2 64 TH E ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKIN G
fi es itsel f the m
o
ongly with every a ssa ult up on its
mm m
re str
a no ther ; m m
ood s a nd enviro n ents tha t pro duce hyp no si s
rea di ly in one i n sta nc e m
a y b e en ti rely ino p era tiv e in
a no ther ; a nd so e mm
ind s ca n sc a rc ely ever b e thus oved m .
a u tho ri ty
— infl uence p ow er do in a tion con tro l wh a t
, , , ,
ev er y o u wi sh to c a ll it
— li es in the p erson of the sugg ester ,
b a red
m m
.
divi dua l reflec tion they will rep udia te unless such refl ec
m
,
correc t
m
.
m
thoughts a nd wills tend to follow the line of lea st resista nce .
or ev en a ll three
— to u n sea t it
. Our feeling s influence
F
IN LU E N CIN G BY SU GGE S TION 2 65
m
,
m
,
p r eju dic es .
m
d o ina te the m
inds of his a udi enc e wi th his thoughts b y
sub tly p ro hibi ting the en terta i ning of i dea s ho stil e to his
m
,
—
fl uences The fa c t s tha t a l o st a ll our deci sio ns ii they
mm
. i
—
involve thought a t a ll a re of this sort : At the o ent
of decision the co urse of a ction then under conte pla tion m
usurp s the a ttentio n a nd conflic ting idea s a re dropp ed
,
m
drop s out of the ind a nd tha t thought p ro pts a c tion
, m .
2 66 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
E v ery idea th a t m
nters the ind will result in a ction unless
e
‘
m
,
m
-
hi . S ugg est sub tly a nd p ersi sten tly tha t the op inion s
of tho se in the a udienc e who a re Opp o sed to yo ur vi ews
a re Cha nging a n d it requires a n effo rt of the wi ll
— in fa c t
m
m
, ,
m
to ste .
B ut not only a re we
,
oved by a utho ri ty a nd tend to ,
m m
’
m m
, or ,
m
,
the c p obl
ra e —r fo bidd n by occ ion t
e r ke p ol itic a l as o a e a
—
m
ch I p p ci t in t ying t concil o d s with p op ri ty
m
S p ee a re a e, r o re e r er r e ,
the p p l
er x i ty of
e t h l i ttl id
e wh bidd n t
e l n t awi , o, e o ea r o s ,
F
IN L U E N CIN G BY SU GGE S TION 26
9
icko y li b n d don t go n th w t
m
a h
’
r , a ea r e a er .
m
, , ,
hi lf in d p n d Of unction nd dd th n I bidd n
m
se ee er ee a a re ss a , e
b nqu t h ll n d t di cu th p obl of th c in th h o
m
a e a , a o s ss e r e e ra es e e
Of Phillip n d of S u n B ut M
s a P id nt if p u p o t er .
, r . re s e , a r se o
sp k in p f ct f nk n
ea nd inc
er e ity ; if n t und t nd ra e ss a s er ea r es ers a
if th y b count d t t dy u nd i cip l in d p ch nd t
m
ese a e e o s ea s e S ee a o
t ngth n
s re n un t i de
— th n a i I h ll find th cou g r e ar e , s r, s a e ra e
t p oc d
o r ee
m
.
—
he will sp ea k i n the i n terest of hu a n ity well kn o wi n g m
m
tha t hu a ni ty is lik ely to ha ve confi den c e i n the cha p ion m
of their rights This intro duc tio n co p letely do ina ted m m
m m
.
Th hu bl t citi n in ll th l nd w h n cl d in th o of
m
e es ze a e a , e a e ar r a
right ou c u e i t ongs th n ll th h o t Of
a se , o I co t s s r er a a e s s e rr r . e o
th c u of hu nity
m
e a se a .
How yo u exp ec t
m m
To secure con fi dence, be confi dent . ca n
id ea of d efea t b egets in his hea rers the idea of his vic tory
La dy Ma cb eth wa s so confiden t of su cc ess tha t Ma cb eth
m
cha nged his ind a bo ut underta king the a ssa ssina tion
m m
.
m
Adv erti sers ha v e l ong u ti li z ed this p rincipl e
m
The .
m
fi dence in the ind of the rea d er
m m
.
—
It sho ul d but i o u h con
m m
a y not g o w th-
t sa y g t a t
m
.
—
binder to c la i a ll the precinc ts the Oflicia l count is
just a hea d The rea c tion a ga in st over confi dence a nd
.
-
ere b luf
m
f .
m
forcefully severa l ti es a nd ci ted his own persona l exp eri
2 72 THE ART OF P U B LIC S PE AKIN G
yond thi p l c Of w th nd t r
m
Be s a e ra a ea s
L oo b u t th H o o of th h d
m
s e rr r e s a e,
n c of th y
m
And y t th
e e e a e e e a rs
Finds n d h ll find S un f id ‘
a a e a ra
m
.
it th g t
m
It a tt n t h w t
ers o o s ra e a e,
H w c h g d wi th p uni h nt th c oll
mm m
o ar e s e s e s r ,
I a th of y f t ;
m m
e t a s er a e
I a th c p t in Of
e ya u1 a so .
—W ILL AM E RN E T I S HE NL EY .
Authority is f W g n lly cc p
m
a a ctor e in e er a sugg estion
a e t .
m
m We a re info r ed tha t the la rgest m
m
o ended S a na tog en .
m m
,
we p ly b y f c
r t a ts D on t c la i a u tho ri ty un .
’
m
less y o u ca rry your lic ense in your pock et Let rea son .
of o Alf d Ru ll W ll c h s ju t c l b t d hi 9 0th
Pr ess r re sse a a e a s e e ra e s
volution P of o W ll c h l t ly c iv d ny nd ignal
m m
e , r e ss r a a e as a e re e e a a s
L ondon his dd s w l g ly d up of
a re s ini c nc He
as ar e a e re s e es .
Engl nd Of 181 3 n d th wo l d of 1 9 13 d th t u
m
a H ffi a e r . e a r e a o r
p ogr s i onl y
res ing nd n t l P of o W ll c in i ts
s see a o rea . r ess r a a e s s
Ro up io t th od n n th t th v y f g nts
m m
w e ere so s er r o e er e a e er ra e
Of th i bl s n d t p l s th d p i of th p nt d y
m m
e r ar e a e e a re e es a r e re se a
ti t H t ll u th t i p ov d hi t l cop nd
m m
ar s s . e n h e s s a a as r e s e es e a
S p ct cl b ut th t h i l o ing hi y sight ; th t n i i p ov
m m m
e a es , a e s s s e e a a s r
m
es
e e m e
s a
se
e m e a r
s a e
m
ra
a
,
, ,
a bl ck p g in th hi to y of th t w nti th c ntu y
a a e e s r e e e e r .
P of o W ll ce vi w info c d by th p ort of th
m
m m
’
r e ss r a a s e s a re re r e e re e
co i ion of P li nt on th c u of th d t io tion of
ss ar a e e a ses e e er ra
th f cto y cl p op l wn co u nt y P of o Jo d n
m
e a In u
r -
a ss e e . o r o r r e ss r r a
nt with hi H rv st
m m
r re , a s r o r e e s a e
th t th p c th cl i Of city lif h v b ok n
m
a e t n d th
a t e, e a e, a e s re ss e, a e r e
his dd as in N w H v n P of
re s o K ll ogg c ll th oll of th e a e r e ss r e a s e r e
m m m
m
Fro v y id co w ning t th A ic n p op l Ou
e er s e e ar s o e er a e e . r
g in f h f fth p t ll u p l inl y th t ur p o p l
' ‘
a az es , res ro e ress, e s a a o e e
mm
. .
,
e o cra c a o , see s o a e e re
m
f o th g ntl ng h h
r e dde d u on th p rt of th
e a ou as a resse s e a e
the i u Of p p on y i function of th b nk nd th t th
m
ss e a er e s a e a , a a e
g ov n nt ought t go ut of th b nking bu in s I t nd
m m
er e o o e a s es . s a
with J ff on th th n with th n d t ll th
m m
e ers ra h did er a e , a e e , as e ,
th t th is u fi f
a en y i function of gov n nt nd th t
s e o t
o e s a er e , a a
m m
,
m
m
to the big o Tha t a k es ev erybody wa n t to go
m
st re .
.
m
b er of ci ti es a nd sta tes h a v e a l rea dy su cc essfully a cc ep te d
th ei r pl a n s Adv erti se en ts use the testi oni a l for its
. m
p ower of sugg estion .
c tu lly b gun Th n xt g l th t sw p f o m
m
The wa r is a a e . e e a e a ee s r
wh foll ow d P t it u ilv D oc t w nt fo th
m m
o th H e e er e er , o r s er e ra s e r
di cu n t t d b t but t nt up th ju dg nt l dy
s ss , o o e a e, o e er e e a rea
b oth h s b n y d g in t b oth f th g in t s n
m
r er a ee a rra e a a s r er , a er a a s o .
di g d d ; ol d l d h v b n c t id wh n th y fus d
m m
sre ar e ea ers a e ee as as e e e re e
t giv
o xp ion t th nti nt Of tho who th y woul d
e e re ss o e se e s se e
ev r i p o d up on p s nt tiv of th p op l
e se re re e a es e e e
—WILLIAM J E NNING S B RYAN
.
.
F
IN LU E NCIN G BY SU GGE S TION 2 77
m m
Figura tive a nd indirect la ngua ge ha s suggestiv e f orce,
m
“
o t p op ul ong th R p ublic n
m
M M Kinl y w th
r . c n e as e s ar a a e e a s,
p op h i d hi
r l ction H w i it tod y ? Why th
es e s e e n wh . o s a , e a o
n hu dd
a tod y w h n h
s b th t h w no in t d
ers a e e re e e rs a e as a e
as h li t n h en h wi th v
s e inc ing di tinctn th
s e ca ea r e er -
re a s s e ss e
sound of th w v th y b t u p on th l on ly h o
e a of S t
es a s e ea e e s re s .
H l n
e e a .
Ha d Tho m
id : A fa lse a n ca nno t found
as Ca rlyl e sa m
a rel igio n his wo rds w o ul d ha ve b een nei ther so sugg es
mm m
,
Afl n fou nd a se m
ligion ? Why f l a n c nno t b uil d a re , a a se m a a
ti of o t bu nt cl y nd wh t l h wo k in it i no
m
es r a r, r a , a a e se e r s , s
h ou k b ut ubbi h h p It will n t t nd f
m
th t h se a e a es , a r s ea . o s a or
tw lv c n tu i
e t l odg
e hund d nd ighty
e ill ion ; it will
r es, o e a re a e s
2 78 THE ART OF PUBLIC S PE AKING
fall ightw y A n ust confo mm mimlf Na tu re
m
m
’
stra a . a r h se to s
or N tu will n swer hi
a re N n t at a , 0, o a ll!
m
uch m
o
Ob serve how the
m re e
pic ture tha t Web ster dra ws here is
pha tic a nd forc eful tha n a ny ere a sser m
t ion co ul d b e :
know n oth m ys lf wh n I m
m mm y f l b ut s f
S ir, I ot how ers a ee , a or e e
al a ter s
‘
see y a rr e , e a e sa r e e a e e,
right nd h v h
ha a e er tu n t r nd s yo And thou t
e a y a oo ,
—WE B S TE R
, ,
son .
a nd no a n sh o ul d d a re to sp ea k in b eh a l f of a fa ll a cy .
—
ore effi ca cious tha n a rgu ent when bo th a re judi
ciously m
ix ed the eff ec t is irresi stib l e
,
.
I Make an o utlin e ,
or b rief of ,
the contents of this
Revi se
introduc tion to a ny of yo ur written
m
2 . the
3 Giv
. e tw o o ri gin a l ex a pl e s of th e p o w e r of sug g es
4 Giv
. e o rigin a l e x a pl es of s u gg est iv e sp e ec h i llu s ,
IN FL U E N CIN G B Y ARG U M E NT
m
m
o on s ns is th co on s ns of a nkind It is the m
m m
m
m m
C e e e e e .
p rodu c t of co on Ob s v tion nd xp ri nc It is od st er a a e e e e . e ,
n o p p l xi ti s
er nd no
e y t ri s It n v quivoca tes nd
e , a s e e . e er e , a
ea r
—GE ORGE JACOB HOL YOAKE P ublic S p king nd D b te
cl n s of sp ch nd ingl n s of p urp o
e s ee a s e es
,
se .
ea a e a .
m
very na e of logic is a weso e to o st yo ung sp ea k mm
m
The
ers b ut so soon a s th ey co e to rea l i z e tha t its p roc esses
m m m
, ,
m
’
,
m
.
m
, , ,
m m
.
1 M cCosh s Log ic is a
’
hel pf ul v olu m e , a nd not too tec hnica l for t he b eg inner .
fd s
A b rie ig e t of log ical p i ipl
r nc es a s a ppli d t p
e o ub lic sp eaking is c o n ta in e di n
m
b uilding up a n a rg u ent a nd tea ring down a n a rgu ent ; m
m m
,
that is yo u ust not only exa ine into the sta bili ty of
m m
‘
m
wi ll b e a b le to de olish the wea ker a rgu ents of tho se m
who a rgue a ga in st yo u
m
.
on the subj ec t esp ecia lly the works of John Fra nkl in
m m
,
TE S TI NG AN ARGUM ENT
mof mn mn m
1 . Is it clea rly sta ted?
()
x m
D o the ter
mning
a s sta te e t ea the sa e to
ch dis pu n ( pl
mg n l mn m m
ea ta t? For e a e, the ea
to fa cts
m
1 . The witnesses as
()
o Is each witness i partia l ? Wha t is his rela
tion to the sub j ec t a t i ssu e ?
m
en ta lly co m
p eten t?
m
(b) Is he
(7) m
Is his testi ony con tra dic ted ?
m
Is his testi ony co rrobora ted ?
m
(g)
()
h Is his testi ony con tra ry to well k no wn -
fa c ts or g enera l principles?
(i) Is it p rob a b l e ?
2 . The a uthorities cited a s evidence
m
(b) Wh a t con sti tutes hi a n a utho ri ty ?
()
c Is hi s in ter e st in the c a se a n i p a rti a l
one ?
cl ea rly ?
()
e Are the non p ersona l
-
a uth ori ties cited
2 84 THE ART OF PU BL IC S PE AKING
()
e con
Are a ll tr a ry p o si tion s sh own to b e rel a
m m
,
m
(c) D o es the i p orta nc e of the la w or p rinciple
m
wa rra n t S O i p o rta n t a n inferenc e ?
I nferences
apl ) e .
its a cc ep ta nc e a s fa c t?
F
IN LU E NCIN G BY ARGUM ENT 2 85
()
c ign
Are the
s c u ul a tive s m ,
a nd a greea b le one
wi th the o ther ?
(d) Co ul d the signs b e a de m to p oint to a con
trary conclu sion ?
m
m
S yllogis s
v Ha b n o in the syllo
gi m ( uc m
()
a e a ny step s ee itted
in syll ogi s
mm
s s? S h as a in
I f so test a ny su ch b y fil l ing
yllogi m
( ) enthy e a ,
out the s s s .
m
.
m md
e t .
gu ent
m md f om
see to s p rt a n a r .
following ?
u ing th B o W it w found th t th v g Engli h
m n did n t m u
D r e er ar as a e a era e s
t nd d of c uiting nd th
v g oldi in th fi l d m
a up t th o e as re o e s a ar s re r a e
n if t d l w p l n Of vit lity nd
m m
a era e s er e e a es e a o a e a a
ndu nc P li nt l d by th di t ou con qu nc
m
m
e ra e . ar a e , a ar e e sa s r s se e es ,
con qu nc th B iti h G ov n nt h p l c d d t h st t
se e e, e r s er e as a ar e e ree s
2 86 THE ART OF PUBLIC S PEA KING
of und d citi with billbo d tting fo th th d t uctiv
a h re es ar s se r e es r e
y i f t b co ing n y of tot l b st in s
m
A r s as e a ar a a a er .
Th G ov n nt of contin nt l Eu op foll ow d th l d of
m m
e er e s e a r e e e ea
th B i ti h G ov n
e r nt Th F nch G ov n nt h p l c d d
s er e . e re er e as a ar e
F nc with pp l t th p o p l
ra e tt ib uting th
a d clin of
ea s o e e e, a r e e e
th bi th nd inc in th d th t t th wid p d
m
e t r ra e a re a se e ea ra e o e es rea
of l coholic b v g xp i nc of th G a n
m
nt h b n th s m Th G m m
us e a Th e e ra es . e e er e e e er
G ov n er e n E p o h s
as ee e a e . e er a er r a
cl ly t t d th t l d hip in w nd in p c will b h l d by
H h u nd t k n t lim
ea r s a e a ea ers ar a ea e e e
th n tion th t oo t u t l co h ol in t
m m
e a a r s o a . e as er a e o e a e
v n th d inking of b p o ib l f o th G n
m
e e e s f r e er , o ar as ss e, r e er a
A r
—
y nd N vy RICHMOND PEARS ON HOB S ON B f th U S
a a .
, e ore e . .
Cong ress .
4 . bS inc e the
u rd e n of p r oof l i es on h i who a tta ck s a m
p o sition or a rg ues for a cha nge in a ffa irs how wo uld his
, ,
th p ecti nd i
ra dic l utho ity in thi country
se , a s a e a a r s .
is w ong f th
r son th t it is cont ry t th M o l L w
or e rea a ra o e ra a ,
S c rip tu It is cont y t th S c ip tu s b c u it i c nt ry
re s . ra r o e r re e a se s o ra
2 88 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE KIN A G
b ee n d fined e d finitiongiv n by B la ckston which is
Ta k e the e e
m
. e, :
m mm
Th du g e e re a e r er
a e -
r e a , ar or r
n d inoff en iv in th i
a sp c tiv st tions
s e e r re e e a
mm
.
m
e r ? e r er
giv n by M Ti d n wh n h s ys r e e a e a
m m
e .
, e :
Th ob j ct of gov n nt i t i p os th t d g Of
m
e e er e s o e a e ree
p ow of th gov n nt t i p o thi
er e t int is er e o se s re s ra
c ll d th p olic p ow
a e e e er .
th t ff c t th p u b l ic int t in ny w ys nd l ds
m
a a e s e eres s a a a ea
ny di o d s It h t nd ncy t incr s
m m
t o a s r er . as a e e o ea e
p up i a nd c ier s It nd a l g fo c of p c r e . re ers a ar e r e ea e
m
.
J u tic B dl y of th Unit d S t t S up
s e ra e C ou t ys e e a es re e r sa :
m
, ,
kill nd t ining
s a up vi ion f th p ublic w lf
ra or s er s or e e a re .
th indu t i l p u u it
e n d o u ght t
s r a b f nd rs s, a re a o e re e a
l gi l tu t
e s a k nd in no n n b idgm
re o nt m a e a a re se se a a r e
an ou t g up on th qu l right of citi ns
ra e e e a s ze .
savou wh with h ll it b
B hol d th fowl of th
e
r,
i ; f
lt d ? it i th nc fo th good f
th y
e re
w n t n ith
e
do th y s
as
s a
o ,
e a r
a
e sa
or
e
e
r
so
s
e
e
o ,
e
er
e
r
er
m e
or
e
.
A y n t u ch b tt th n th y ?
im
th e . re e o e er a e
Of th fi l d ; h w th y g ow ; th y toil n t n ith do th y p in
y u nto you th t v n S ol om
e e o e r e o , e er e s
And y t I e sa on in ll hi gl o y w , a e e a s r as
y d lik n of th Wh fo if G d cl oth th
of th fi ld which tod y i nd tom
n t o a rra e e o e ese . ere re , o so e e
g o ow i c t into th
mm
ra ss e e , a s, a rr s as e
h giv hi
e ton ? O if h
e k fi h will h giv hi
a s e r e as a s , e e a
o h ll you F th which i
m m
r re , o re s a r a er s
od l e s:
m f w w ld m d s
m m O
1 For those w ho k ou a e a further s tu y o f the y llo g is t he ollo ing
d
mdd m O p ms ms m
rules a re g iv e n : 1 . In a sy ll og is the re sho ul be o nl y thre e t er s . 2 . f
s
m p m
the e thre e o nly o ne c a n b e the i l e te r . 3 . ne re i e u t be a flir a
s
p ms ms
tiv e . 4 . The con clusion u st be n eg a tiv e if e ither re i e is n eg a tiv e . 5 . To
p
m
m R T m m
rov e a n eg a tiv e , o ne o f t he re ise u t be n e g a t iv e .
s
m s
Su ary o f eg ula ting P r in cip les : 1 . er w hich a g re e with the sa e
w
d m m m
m m
thing a g ree with ea ch othe r ; a nd h en o nly o n e o f two t er s a g ree with a
W
m mm s
“
thir ter , the two ter s d is a g re e with ea c h o ther . 2 . ha tev e r is afi r ed
s
ss m d d
W
fi
f
mm s
Of a cla ss
“
ay be a r ed o f a ll the e b er of tha t cl a s , a nd ha tev er
d
i e nied o f a cla s ay be e nie of a ll the e b er of tha t cl a s .
"
2 90 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
MINOR PRE MIS E : The p r i on
s er a m
d ini stere d a rse nic t o the
this vo lu e .
D E B ATE
the a rt o
p f a ny na tion to collect, in beha lf o fp riva te indi
2 92 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKI N G
() c f
The a ul t ha s a lwa ys b een Wi th Europ ea n
S ta tes wh en forc e ha s b een u sed a nd ,
First sp ea k er —
B ra nch
ju stifi a b l e for
m f m
a s a a st s e A er a S ta tes is ,
W
1 . hen other
f ea ns o collection have a iled, ar ed
p p b
ro er , e c a u se
iu on di shonesty
I n terven tion for thi s purp o se is sa nc tioned
by the b est interna tiona l a uthori ty
D a ng er of u ndu e co ll ec tion is sl igh t a nd ca n
b e a void ed en tirely by sub ission of cl a i s m m
to The Ha g u e Trib u n a l b efo re intervening
—
S econd sp ea k er S ton e
m
m
2 . Ar ed interv ention is necessa ry to secure j ustice in
m
tropica l A erica , for
() a gov
The er n e n ts of t h i s s e c tion con st a n tly
repu di a te ju st d eb ts
()
b T h ey in si st th a t th e fin a l d eci sion a bo u t
F
IN LUE NCIN G BY ARGUMENT 2 93
m
cla i s sha ll rest with their own corrupt
courts
()
c T h e y ref u se to a rbi tra te so eti e s mm .
Third sp ea k er
—D enn ett
b eca use
m
(a ) It in sp ires resp onsibili ty
I n d ini ing c u o h o u m m
ov
m
()
b a ster st ses it re es
te p ion volutions
ta t to re
ters —
2 2 28 .
m
.
m
,
of questions for d eb a te .
m
I . Fortunes not a enace in the selv es
m
e vil th a n one of
wealth depends its wrong ulation
2 . Da nger o f on accu
mp
a nd use
m
I nherita nce ta x will not prev ent reba tes, ono oly,
3 .
m m
discri ina tion, bribery, etc .
m
ula tion a nd f
4 La ws . ai ed a t un ust j accu use o
B . It wo ul d b e v a d ed
e
m
1 . Low ra tes a re ev aded
m
fortunes .
26 .
x ci ses : Mock Tri a l for (a ) so
Cla ss e er e ser io us
p o litica l offen se ; (b) a b ur l esque offense .
2 96 THE ART OP PUB LIC S PE AKIN G
to lter en s
a m Op inio ns
ul terior purpo se is a l o st
’ — the m
a lwa y s a c tion .
m
,
m
.
ex a ining
High m
i d d
p ea k ers often seek to ove th eir hea rers m
m
-
n e s
sa
—
ic n liv th fl ow of u youth Y u h v
er a es e er o r . o a e
d v t t d p ovinc
e as a e Y u h v l in uncount d thou nd of
r es . o a e S a e sa s
c nt tion c p You g n l in g ho f o th i
m
e ra a s . r e e ra s a re e r e r
w ck d in body n d k th A ic n fl g in th
m mm
re e a . o a e e er a a e
y Of nu ou p op l th bl of c il g in Ch i ti n
bu ning of hum
e es a er s e e e e e sa r e e r s a
c hu c h n d of th n dw ll ing nd Of th
m
r e s, a e r a e s, a e
Lincoln
m
s a s o a e e r e as a ra a or
ol di of th R volution of th Civil W od l h s
m you x m
th e s e rs e e or e ar as e s, a
l ook d in o c t S p in f l b l i v —
m
e s e p I a se s n y o a or r e a e . e e e a ,
I k now—th t in g n l u offic ol di hu n
m m
a nd e e ra o r e rs a s e rs a re a e .
B u t in o c th y h v c i d on you w f with
of Amic n ing nuity nd C tili n c u lty
s e a se s i e a e a rr e r a r a re a x
tu
m
re er a e a as a r e .
r ra a s a es a s as s ee e er
F
IN L U E N CIN G B Y PE RS U AS ION 2 97
op l dy t ki th h of th y m
m m mm
pe e w ho three ea rs a g o w e re rea o ss e e e
g nt of th A ic n nd t w l co hi lib to wh
m
ar e e er a a o e e as a e ra r, o
M P id nt thi i th t n l l w Of hu n n tu
m m m
r . re s e , Y u s s e e er a a a a re . o
a
y t u gg l g in
s r t it yo u y t y t c
e a p it you y p
a s , a r o es a e , a er
n which h v n n v nction
m
ea s n ea e e e r ca sa .
ic n p op l h v g t thi n qu tion t n w
m
Th A e er a e e a e o s o e es o a s er .
Th y e y n w it n w ; th y
a n t ka t n ys er tw nty o e ca a e e ea rs , or e
mk
, ,
p t Th f th
as . n w d it in 1 776 nd found d th R p ublic
e a e rs a s e re , a e e e
Ad M on o n w d it g in in th M on o
m
a nd J s a a es r e a s e re a a e r e
hi to y s Ab h r L incoln
. n w d it wh n on th t f t l
ra a a s ere e , a a a
dy t b in t d f it if n d b Y u n w d
m
h w e a s rea o e a ssa ss a e or ee e . o a s e re
it g in you
a lv wh n you id th t Cub wh h d no o
a rse es e sa a a, o a re
p nd n
e Of ight ou ght t b
e ce , f nd ind p nd nt
r o e ree a e e e .
G E ORGE F H OAR -
. .
2 98 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
m m m
Jo sep h S tory in his grea t S a ,
p ch (
e s ee 1 82 8) used this
ethod o st dra a tic a lly :
c ll up on you f th by th h d s of you nc to s—by
I a a ers , e s a e r a es r
—
,
th d e h s which
ea r a s po in thi p ciou oil b y ll you
e re se s re s s a a re ,
v y nc o ch nt up on you lib ti s i t v y tt p t t
m
e er e r a e r er e , res s e er a e o
th lt
e a w ith th i b p ti
a r, a s l vow t b t u t th ir count y e r a s a s, o e r e o e r ,
nd n v t fo g t fo k h
m mm
a e er o r e or rsa e er .
I c ll up on yo u young
a n t b who on you ; , e , o re e er se s s a re
wh o inh it nc you p o
se er Lif n n v
a b t e S ho t sse ss . e ca e er e oo r ,
count y
m
r .
I c ll up on yo u Old
a n f you couns ls nd you p y s , e , or r e , a r ra er ,
lv
m
s a es .
d p tur i t h nd t k w y f u chil d n up on th
m
e ar e s a a , o a e a or o r re e
th t of lif M y G d p d th
ea re e n d th i s
. M y h wh a o s ee e a e r . a e o,
a t th di t nc of noth
e c ntu y sh ll t nd h t c l b t
s a e a er e r , a s a e re o e e ra e
thi d y ti ll l ook ou nd up on
s a , s f h pp y nd irtuous p op l r a ree , a , a v e e .
m
M y h h v on t xult s w do M y h with ll th
m
a e a e re a s o e a e . a e, a e
s ill
t h i coun y J OS E PH S TORY
t s r . .
—
The app ea l to p reju dic e is effec tive th o ugh not often ,
3 0 0 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKIN G
tere d w th tha t i f y nd int e t qui
se v ity
er Ger mn a sa et a er s re re .
W g in t
e a re a t a W nt into n w l if in which
s s u ch f a a e . e e er a e e
all th f cts f w
e a th t w h d p ut b hind
o f fo gott n f th
ar a e a e or r e or e
l t hund d y
as h v
re tu n d t th f ont n d t t u a s
e a rs , a e re r e o e r a es s
th y t t d u f th It wi ll b l ong nd h d o d b s t
m
e es e o r a ers . e a a a ar r a , e e
at th o u t t Of u
e ighty t uggl All th int sts of u lif
se o r s r e . e e re o r e
k g d d W h v b ut n int t n w nd
m
Of i wS x ee s a o a re ea . e a e o e ere s o , a
th t tou c h th n k d h t of v ry n in thi s i l nd nd in
m
a es e a e ea r e e a s a a
pi
m
th e e re .
ight f ou lv nd f f do t
mm m
If w te w in th
a re o e r or rse es a or ree o
th t c ific
m xm
a sa r e .
Fro pl
these i ll n e a p icul es it w be see tha t the a rt ar
c p k pp l d i
m —m m
wa y in whi h the s ea ers a ea e to the r hea rers wa s
m v y im
by co ing close ho e to their interests , a nd by the selv es
o n p incipl ch
u k p con n ly in m
whi
yo u m
showing e otion two er p rta t r es
ind
cco m fo m qui
st ee sta t .
li h d p k no l dg of
hum n m
To a p s the r er re res a ee w e e
o iv in g l u nd nding of
m
a t e en era a nd an ersta the
p icul ud nc dd d Wh o iv
hink of h m n ly
ie the
ou m
a rt ar a e a resse . at a re t es
c ion
of yo u m
tha t ? T
mdo n on
ar se en to a t t e ea r est ,
set
bl ind udy
mo ly n h m
the w the ta ets r , st how to
a pp l ea to the o iv w o ul d rthi . The ,
w at t es w be
lik ly pp l h W i id l
m im m co
e to a ea to your ea rers ? h a t a re the r ea s a nd
y o u you c pp l p id in pp nc o ul d
mk of m mly l ugh
r a se . To a ea to r e a ea ra e w
— ou
ym y
a e one set en ere a to try to ar se
J in l in o ul d d fo
m
s p a th for the ews Pa est e w b e wa ste ef rt
a ong o h u y you u nc f l yo u
t ers . St d r a die e, ee r wa y, a nd
F
IN LU E NCIN G B Y PE RS U A S ION 30 1
m
.
m
,
m
ad .
ha ve to try to sell it
m m
.
m m
m
invest y our o n ey in their co o dity yet they do not—
a pp ea r to b e doing so They g et over on y o ur si de of the
m
.
The sol ici tor a de the sa e ista k e a s the rep resen ta tiv e
m
who a de his a pp ro a ch wi th : I wa nt to sell y o u a sewing
m a chin e
. They bo th ta lk ed o nly in ter s of their own m
in terests
m m
.
m
fro your a ddress yo ur own p erso na l concern a nd present
m
.
m m
.
m m
.
, ,
Revenge ! bout ! S k ! B u n ! Fi !
A ee r re K ill ! S l y!
a Le t no t
a tra r —
ito liv l S HAK S P AR Juliu C
e E E E, s e sa r .
ik —till th l t
—
S tr e d f xp i e as ar m e oe e re s ,
S t ik
r fe you lt
h
n d yo u fi
or r a a rs a r re s ,
S t ik —
r fe th g n g v Of you i
or e ree ra es r S re s ,
G d — nd you n tiv l nd !
o Ha r a e a
Fi Tz G RE E N HAL L E C K M -
E , a rco B ozza ris .
m
li v g ntl n if it w n t f th o child n h w oul d
m m
Be e e, e e e , e re o or se re , e
n t co k u ch un tion ; if it w n t
m
o h t d y t e e re o -
a o see s re era e re o .
th t by yo u v dic t yo u v n o l i l innoc n
d f ud d w tch f o b com m
a , y p r t th er tt t
, a re e se e e
e ra e ing w nd ing b gg
re es w ll
r e a er e a rs , as e
o p h n on th f c of thi Oh I kno w I n d n t k
m m m
as r a s th e a e s ea r .
,
ee o as
you n t f th b ut hu b nd —n t hu b nd b ut s
mn n t m
, o as a ers , as s a s: o as s a s, a
citi n n t
ze— citi n bu t
s o
— as n b ut s
ze s, as e o as e , a
3 4
0 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
effi ci enc y for a ca use for which you do not feel deeply .
mm m
, ,
m
a re of fa r g rea ter i p orta nc e tha n technic a l principles of
delivery gra c e of g esture or p olished enuncia tion i —
mm
, ,
p ersua sion .
() Wh
a a t eof a pp ea l do yo u fi nd in the fo l
l e mn e ts
—
NO no ; I
m
th dvoc t of hu nity f you lv you
m m
a e a a e a o rse es r
,
ll co nfi d nc b tw n n; f w ll t th t u n u S p i
m
a n
e nd e e ee a a a a re e o a s
i u
c o nd cip oc l t nd n
s a re without whic hr i g i b ut
a e er e ss , a rr a e s
F
IN L UE NCIN G B Y PE RS U A S ION 3 5
0
h ono t in d n d if ju y of f th n d of hu b nd will
m m
r s a e , a a r a ers a s a s
m
e s rea a nd a ss r o e r es , a es , a
da ughters — f w ll t ll th t y t in Of Ir l nd ! B ut I
m
a re e o a a e re a s e a
Ag in t th n of th f k p tici of th fo ign
m
a s e s n d theer e oe , a e s e s e re er,
b t nd no b ib y n p u ch th t with Ro n u g
m
a r er, a r er ca r ase , a a a sa e,
soci ty of th h
e th ll th p uri ty Of th
e ea r l t ; th t ling ing
a e e a ar a er
m m
er s a e re a s e as e s r e er a s
— lon th t t ly nd g nific nt
mm y b
m m
Of wh t h a sth e a e e e, e s a e , a a e
t onc th l nd k of th d p t d gl o y nd th
m m
se rv e a e as e a ar s e e ar e r , a e
od l by which th futu ct d
y b
m
e s e re a e ere e .
wh n th h nd which co d th t v dict h ll b du t nd
m
e, e e a re r s a er s a e s , a
th tongu th t k it t c l in th g v ny h p p y
m m m
e e a as s , ra e ess e ra e, a a a
m
sec uring the hea rers (a ) sy p a thy for the sel ves ; (b)
’
m
Wha t o ther ethod s of p ersua sion tha n tho se here
m m
6 . ,
ention e d ca n you n a e?
si er to p ersu a d e m
en to cha ng e thei r co urse
m
7 I s. it e a
m
-
m
D s the
m
e
9 .
m
the
10 Illustra te a n unworthy ethod of using p ersua
.
II . D eliv er o
a sh rt s p eech on the va lue of skill in p er
sua sion .
co vicD o es
ion a lw a y s resul t in a c tion ?
m
3 I . n t
of p ersua sion in a sp ea k er
m
.
i llustra te .
so i llu stra te
,
.
19 H a s p o sture in a sp ea k er a n y thing to do wi th p er
.
su a sion ? D i sc u ss .
H a s voic e ? D i sc u ss
m
20 . .
21 Ha s a nn er ? D i sc u ss
. .
CHA PT ER XXV
‘
IN F L U E N C IN G TH E CRO WD
u cc s in b u in in th l t n lysis tu n up on touching
m
S es s e ss , e as a a , r s
c nd p i nol i th t b u in cl s o
m
h t
a rs , a s, a a n s a s, s a s e ss e a a a s a re re
cl o n d d p t tu d nts of hu n n tu nd h v bon d
m
se a es era e s e a a re , a a e e
c o d
r w — G E RAL D S TANLE Y LE E C wd
s , ro s .
m
ly p art of July 1 9 1 4 a collec tion of French
m
In the ea r , ,
m
m
p s h E .
ha te a co,
on fea r a p erva sive gri ef ha d unifi ed the
, ,
m
individua ls .
m
ch eck s a ny of our incite ents but the sense of responsi m
m
,
w i ldest a nd m
o st ex tre e idea s The crow d in d is m m
m m
-
.
i i iv d i ll c l n d o c io n w h ic h
mm
p r t e a n w hee r p a s a n p erf r a t s
m
A
’
-
.
m m
, ,
m
the .
p l ea su r e It t
.hi nk s b y i nf e c tio n ,f or th e o st p a rt c a tc h ,
m
is p a st .
tion s p rovi ded a rich soi l for the p rop a g a tion of the c ro w d
m
S titutin fl ll t i n f s wa s
g a g e a o o r
sp ru g u P ri es ts c a rr y i ng b a nn er l d th o u g h th
p . s e r e
iron ooints . m
Pop e Cl e e n t deno unc ed this p ra c ti se a nd
1 Sa m e a nd I/ llies .
3 1 0 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKI NG
m
-
.
m
.
m
herea fter b e p ro ul g a ted Own ers b eg a n to sell
m
,
.
m
, ,
to us in A eric a .
THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKIN G
feel gs i on u —
pl yed upon i i is up
m m
in n o t the
,
r re a s st b e a ,
”
Arg u en t ha s its pl a c e on the
m m
to hi to do this nobly .
pla tfor but even its p o tencies ust sub serve the sp ea k
,
m
’
m
, ,
a u ni t
— a ob .
m m
i nd Ro n count y n ! L nd you m
m m m
Fr e s, a s, r e e e r ea rs ;
I co t bu y C i hi
m m
e o n t t p
r sa r , o o ra se .
Th vil th t n do liv s ft th ;
e e a e e a er e
Th good i ft int
e d with th i bon
s o erre e r es :
S l t it b w ith C ! Th Nob l B u tu
m
o e e ae sa r e e r s
H th to l d yo u C
a w bitiou aesa r as a s .
g i vou f ult
m
If it w it w
e re so , as a r e s a ,
An d g i vo u ly h th C
r e n w d it
s a sa r a s e re .
und l v of B utu nd th
m
H e re , er ea t e r s, a e re s
For B u tu i r n h ono
s bl n
s a ra e a ,
INFLUE NCIN G THE CROWD 3 3
I
y ono bl m
mI
So a re the a ll , a ll h ra e en
o k in C s fun l
m m
’
C e to sp e a a sa r era .
f nd f i ful ju
y h w m
H w e y as i t h n d t t
r e , a a s o e:
B ut B utu bitiou ;
And B utu i n hono b l m
r s sa s e as a s
Who
mm
se ra s s e e e ra e rs :
Wh n th t th p oo h v c i d C
Am bition houl d b m
e a e h th w p t ; r a e r e , ae sa r a e
d of t n tuff
y h w m
s e a e s er er s :
Y t B utu bitiou ;
An d B utu i n hono b l m
e r s sa s, e as a s
r s n s a ra e a .
Y u ll did th t on th Lup c l
I th ic p nt d himkingly c own
o a see , a , e er a ,
W thi m
r e rese e a r ,
Y t B utu bitiou ;
bl m
e r s sa s e as a s
And u h i
s n hono
re , e n s a ra e a .
I p k n t t di p ov wh t B utu p ok
I m
’
s ea o o s r e a r s s e,
k wh t I do know
m
B ut h t
e re p a o S ea a
m
.
Wh t c u withhold you th n t ou n f hi ?
m
a a se s e o r or
Oh ju dg nt thou t fl d t b uti h b t
m on —B with m
, e , ar e o r s e a s s,
And n h v l o t th i
e a e ; s e r rea s ea r e
My h t i in th coffi n th wi th C
An d I m u t p u till it comb ck t m
ea r s e ere aesa r ,
i m
s a se e a o e .
M think th u ch on in
ightly of th m
1 Pl b i n e e a . e s e re s re a s
2 Pl If thou con id
e . tt s er r e a er ,
h d g t w ong
m
C aesa rh as a rea r .
m
3 P le . Ha s he , a sters ?
If ea r co in hi p l c
the re w ill a w o rse e s a e .
M k d y hi w o d ? H woul d n t t k th c own ;
m
’
4 Pl e . ar e s r s e o a e e r
fo ti c t in h w n t bitiou
m
Th
’
ere re , s er a , e as o a s .
k hi h b gin g in t p k
mm
4 Pl N w e . o ar , e e s a a o S ea .
A nt B u t y t d y th w o d of C
. ight es er a , e r sa r
H v tood g in t th w o l d n w li h th
m
a e s a a s e r : o es e ere ,
An d non p oo t do hi v nc
e so r o re ere e .
3 4
1 THE ART or PUBLIC S PE AKI NG
m if I w i
m m
Oh
’
, a sters ! e re d iS p o s d to st r
Y ou h t nd ind t utiny nd g
r ea r s a s o a ra e,
T w rong th d d t w ong y l f nd y u
m
o e ea , o r se , a o ,
B ut h p ch nt with th
ere s a
’
l of C ar
; e , e sea aesa r
I found it in hi cl o t ; ti hi will
m
m m
’
s se s s :
L t b u t th co on h thi t st nt
m m
e e s ea r s e a e
Which p don I do n t
, nt ar d e, o ea o re a
And th y w oul d go nd ki d d C w o u nd
’
e a ss ea ae sa r s s,
An d d ip th i n p kin in hi c d bl ood ;
m mm
e r a s s sa re
h i of hi f oy
m
Y b g
ea , e a a r or e r ,
B q u thing it
e ea ich l g cy as a r e a
Unt o th i i u e r ss e .
4 Pl W ll h th will R d it M k Antony
e . e
’
ea r e : ea , ar .
A nt H v p ti nc g n tl f i nd I u t n t d it ;
m
. a e a e e, e e r e s: s o re a
t yo u kno w h w C d you
m
’
It i n t s o l ee o aesa r ov .
n t w ood yo u n t ton
m
Y u o a re o but n; , a re o s es , e
R d th will ; w ll h it An tony !
m
’
4 Pl e . ea e e ea r ,
Y u h ll d u th will ! C w ill !
’
o s a rea s e sa r s
Ih v y lf t t ll you of it
m
’
a h t e o e rs o se , o e .
I f I w ong th hono bl
ea r n r e ra e e
Who d gg h v t b d C ; I do f
m
it
’
se a er s a e s a aesa r ea r .
Th y w t it o Hono b l
m
4 Pl e . e n! e re ra rs : ra e e
All Th will ! th t t nt !
m
. e e es a e
Th n k ing bout th co p of C
m m m
e , a e a r a e r se sa r ,
h w yo u hi th t d th will
m
An d l t e e s e a a e e .
m
4 P le . Oh tra ito rs vi ll a ins !
, ,
1 P le . Oh o st bl oody sight !
,
2 P le We ill
w be re v e n g
’
d!
bout—s k— bu n—fi —kill— l ly
.
A nt S t y cou nt y
. n a , r e .
P c th th nob l Antony
m m m
1 Pl e .! H ea e ere ea r e e .
W ll h hi w ll foll ow hi w ll d i with hi
m
’ ’ ’
2 Pl e . e ea r , e , e e .
A n t G ood f i nd w t f i nd l t n t ti you up
m
. r e s, s ee r e s, e e o s r
Th y th t h v don thi d d
e a h ono bl
a e e s ee a re ra e:
Wh t p iv t g i fs th y h v l ! I kn ow n t
m m
a r a e r e e a e, a as o ,
Th t a d th do it ; th ya e wi n d h ono
e bl e a re se , a ra e,
I co n t f i nd t t l w y you h t ;
m
e o , r e s, o s ea a a r ea r s
I no o to B utu i ;
m m
a ra r, a s r s s
you know p l in b lu nt
m
B ut as ll n e a , a a a ,
Th t l ov y f i nd n d th t th y kno w f ull w ll
m m
a e r e , a a e e
Th t g v
a p u b l ic l v t
a e p k of hi e ea e o S ea :
F or I h v n ith wit n w o d n w o th
a e e er , or r s, or r ,
Ac tion n utt nc n th p ow of p ch
m
, or e ra e, or e er s ee ,
S ho w you w o u nd p oo p oo du b outh
m m
’
w t C r s ee aesa r s s, r, r, s,
And bid th p kf B ut w
e I B utusS ea or e . e re r ,
In v y w ou nd of C th t h o ul d ov
m m
e er aesa r , a s e
ton of Ro t i nd utiny
m
Th e s es e o r se a .
A ll W ll utiny ! ’
. e
W ll b u n th hou of B utu
m
1 Pl
’
e . e r e se r s .
Aw y th n ! C o k th con p i to s
m m m
3 Pl e . a , e e , se e e s ra r .
count y n ; y t h k
m
Ant Y t h . e ea rp e, r e e ea r e S ea .
All P c h ! H
. ea Antony o t nobl Antony
e, o ea r , s e .
Wh in h th C thu d rv d yo u l ov
m
?
’
e re a aesa r s e se r es
Y u h v fo go t th will I tol d yo u of
o a e r e .
INF LUE NCIN G THE CROWD 3 1 7
P le . M o st tr u e -
the —
will ! let s sta y
’
i l nd und C l
m
A nt Here is the w l
’
.
, a er ae sa r s se a .
v y Ro n citi n h giv
m m
To e er a ze e es,
To ev y v l n v nty fi dr ch
er se era a se e -
v e a as
—
.
,
.
2 Pl M o t nobl C e . l w ll v ng hi d
s e ae sa r e
’
re e e s ea th .
0 oy l C
m
3 Pl e ! . r a e sa r
a
A nt H wi th p ti nc
. ea r e a e e .
All P c h ! . ea e, o
Ant M o ov h h th l ft you ll hi w lk
. re er, e a e a s a s,
Hi p iv t bou nd n w p l nt d o ch d
m
s r a e ar rs , a e -
a e r ar s,
And t you h i s fo v o co on p l ur e r re er , ea s re s ,
T w lk b o d nd c t you lv
m
o a a r a , a re rea e rse es .
! Wh n co uch noth ?
m
H w
e re C as a aesa r e es s a er
1 Pl N v nv e
— Co
. w y e w y! er , e er e, a a , a a
W ll bu n hi body in th holy p l c
e
’
r s e a e,
T k up th body
a e e .
2 Pl G f tc h fi e . o, e re .
Ant Now le t it w
. ok r . Mischief , th ou a rt a foot ,
Th n I nd you nd ll of u f ll do wn
e , a , a a s e ,
m
,
ow n stup i di ty
mm
.
ha s scored Th ese a re
. eretricio u s sc he es to b e su re, ,
m
stu p k — yo u u m f u y o u u nc h y wi ll
m m
p s-
e a er st se r a di e e o r t e
m
’
.
occ a sions which b ring out the ultitu des tha t the service
— m m
is b efo re the high a l ta r a t o th er ti es the s a ll er side
cha pels a re used .
m
, , ,
country a nd , , ‘
ca l —
ob s a nd a la s ore eflicent urderers
, ,
.
CHAP T ER XXVI
RID IN G TH E W IN G E D H ORS E
a o ee s e e o ra s
—
, ,
en of g niu
e th s n of soning nd th
e n of i gin tion
e re a a e e a a .
ot pn
m
’
The r s th s w , the p e s e
un giv i y nothing
nm
T r s the to sha p e s a nd e s to a r
l oc l bi ion
m
m m
A a ha ta t a nd a a e .
A
S H KE S PE ARE , Midsu er -
Nig ht s D rea
’
.
—
when Na p ol eo n the indo ita b l e wel der of e p ires de —
m m
cla res tha t The hu a n ra ce is governed b y its i a gi n a
mm
mm
tion the a u thori ta tive wo rd co a nd s thei r resp ec t
mm m
.
,
m m
,
ore a pp a rent a s we go on .
3 2 2 TH E ART OF P U B LIC S P E AKIN G
I . WHAT IS I MAGINATION ?
k for a definition for a score of va rying
m
L et
m
us not see ,
m m m
.
m
-
—
bo th ; it ay b e p hys a l or sp iritua l or bo th the enta l
m m m
,
m m
.
Fi rst of a ll a s its na e S u
,
ggests the p rot ess of I a gina
,
m
b
mm
I . Reproductive I a gina tion
Tw o co nsid era tion s in g en era l will gov ern the vividn ess
m
, ,
—
of the i a g e thus evoked the streng th of the o rigina l
m
i p ression a nd the reproduc tive p ower of one ind a s m
m m
,
m ind d e ,
and m
o of st b ent in this d rec tion Clo se
us a re
i
.
m m
-
is o re sugg estive
— the sc en e a ro und thi s orning s ’
—
’
vividly it sta nds forth b eca use a t the ti e you felt the
m m
,
m
you for often we a re so in tent up on wha t we see tha t we
,
m m
us. It
a b l e to i a g e a sc en e when a l ong ti e ha s el a p sed b e
m m
i a ge a nd the ti e when y o u S a w the origina l
m m
.
m
-
m m
m
ents .
m m m
.
m m
.
mm m
-
m m
for us .
Thu s, —
i a ging esp ecia lly conscious oductive
m ml
rep r i
a g ina tion
— will b eco e a va lua ble pa rt Of our enta
processes in p rop ortion a s we direct a nd control it .
3 2 6 TH E A RT OF P U B L IC S PE AKIN G
of m
foregoing ex a p les a nd doub tless a lso a ny m
m
All
m
the
m
,
m
p r ta n t tha n th
—
ductiv e i a gina tio n tho ugh tha t do es not infer a sep a ra te
fa cul ty
m m
.
—
Rec a ll it a ll tha t fa r the i a g e is rep rodu c tive B ut
m
.
wha t fo ll o w ed ? L et y o u fa n ta sy o a a t pl ea sure—
m
r r the
—
confuses the rea l wi th the unrea l to hi they a re of
m
l ike va lue B ut the a n Of tra ining rea dily di stinguishes
m m
.
prob a b le m
ood itu de toward occ a sion
m
it s a nd a tt the ,
the
t he e ,
a nd the pea ker
s .
(b )
m
Concei ve your speech as a whole while you a re pre
l yo u —i g —
m
pa ring its p a r ts ,
e se ca n n o t see a e how its
i n
x m p o n o u p ch m dic
(C) I a ge the la ngua ge you will use, SO fa r as wr tte
bi of
im
or e te ra e s s ee ay ta te . The ha t
b dd i ou f p i on
i hou b loom
for re e er tha t an a ress w th t resh ar s s
l ik g d con n i h
comflo ing you
is e a ar en w t t s . DO not be te t w t
p oin iking un u u l
l com
t, but rea on t the str ,
the s a , ye t
Ha rbing er .
up on h th on H it t his b kf t ggs nd to t b gi t
m m
er r e . e S s a rea as e a as , e r
by ton w ll s Op n hi o ning p p nd s j ou na li l v
m
s e a , e s s r a er a see r s ea e
v ern li at th p o t
s a e s .
fin ns s n w th As oci t d P s do s th t ick
e r se e , o e s a e re s e e r .
Th w b l of th fi st obin in H c k n ck th ti ring Of
m
e ar e e r r a e sa , e s r
l in nn ng on b u dding u y ill o
m
th e p s p a B i et t ha Of th p w
e w s , e e ss
p ond n B il g w t
ea r Junction th b tte p t of th D ru g
a er , e a se a e e
uu l nn d p icknick wh h d t k n fug th fi t c ck
m
s a stu e ers o a a e re e, e rs ra
dv nc d ign Of th bu g oning n th t wi d
m
a re th e a a e S s e r e sea so a a re re
hi d y fi ld
m
s rea r e s .
B ut thes b xt n l Th t u h bing is th h rt
e e e re e er a s . e r e ar er e ea .
h
w e er Th e
. a c to r re— ca lls the Old feelings every ti e he
renders his telli n g li nes
m
.
c
mm
() I a ge th e obj ects in n a tur e w h ose tone you a re
m
o re efctive tha n telling the truth in a b stra ct ter s To
fe m .
You b d A
um um
re e er the er a sta tes a who a sserte
lic ion ”
im
tha t the wa y to res e is to res e ? The app at
bvio u ginning i h fi pl n l
qu li i of im g m
is O s . Be wt the rst s e a a yses Of
hi y ou king
im
t s Cha p ter, test r own a t es a e -
a .
O by p ci v l kind g h n
in com mny img
ne one ra t se the se era s Of a es ; t e a dd
— v n nv n —o bin ion
com in com l x fo m com
e e i e t thers at ,
for a a es
hoving do ch ing c o d
f p c i ing on p oduc iv im
s a nd hot O r Of a eer r w .
A ter ra ging u n
t s re r t e a ,
t r to the
produc tive fea tures for the sake Of cultiva ting invention .
—
wea ving co pl ete i a gin a ry fa b ric s S ights so u nd s , ,
sc en es ; a ll the fi ne wo rl d Of f a n ta sy l i es op en to the
m
’
.
tion
m m
.
m m m
II .
o pl h n k o vivi y in of vi u l i g
m m m
p e e t i st dl t e r s s a a es .
ex a l co p o u nd i g con u c b i f
m
( )
m
p es O f a es a n d b s t r t ,
r e
s w
a noth wo n co ing ut Of t n nt hou wringing
a er a o a e e e se
m
m
ovid d gr oc ies f th f il y nd o d
vi si to d
m m m
fi sh . The r pr e er or e a a r ere
m
cal ling h n ng l id th t h h d v d th i liv f
er a a e sa a s e a sa e e r es , or the
ilk h ha d p ovid d w
S e ll th food th y h d h d
r e as a e e a a .
m
,
G ROWI N G A V OCA B U L A RY
Y u c n t do th t w y w h n you flying w o d
’ ’
o a a a e re r s .
ful wi th w o d i t n ti doub ly O
m mm
C a re r s, s e es S .
Th ou ght u n xp d ny o ti f ll b ck d d ;
m m
s e resse a s e es a a ea
B ut G d Hi lf c n t kill th wh n th y
o se id a
’
e e e
’
re sa .
, e rs e er s
’
or .
m
sp eci a l voc a b ul a ri es b ut ea ch su ch sp eci a l i z ed g ro up
,
m m
,
c ra ft or c a lling
m
.
p r e s e n t a tio n O f t h o u g h t A s tu d y O f th e di sco u
. rses of
eff ec tiv e o ra to rs d i sc l o ses the f a c t tha t they ha v e a fo nd
m
,
Wh n v I d book g th t p ticul ly p l d
m
e e p er rea a or a a ssa e a ar ar e a se
to a p th t qu l ity
e Iw un u cc ful nd I kn w it ; nd t i d
a a . as s e ss , a e a r e
b ut t l t in th
in h m
a ea s e se a s o s e ra e r ,
I h v thu p l y d th b t
W o d wo th t S i Thom B own t D fo t H wtho n
a e s a e e se s a e o az , o a , o
r s r , o r as r e, o e e, o a r e,
t M on t ign
o a e .
Th t l ik it a n t i th
, w y t l e n t w it ; wh th I
or o , s e a o ea r o r e e er
h v p ofi t d
fin t p m m
a e n t th t i th
r w y
e It w th w y K t
or o , a s e a . as e a ea s
l n d nd th n v w
ea r e , a nt f lit tu
ere e er as a er e e ra e or era re
th n K t
im
’
a ea s
It i th g
b yond th
e
t p oint of th
s
tu d n t ch hi inim
e it tion th t th
e s
re a till hin
i t bl od l L t hi t y
e
’
s rea ,
e se
s
a
a
s
e m
a
e .
e re s
e m
s
r
es
F or m Rf the e erence -
B ook Ha bit
—
B oo ks of synony s a nd a ntony s used c a u tio usly m m
— m
,
, , ,
mny m m
e bezzler , burgla r, e
y gg a n, robber , ba ndit, a ra uder ,
m
.
a ll good
— the l a st a n exp ensive work in three vo lu es
m
, .
1 A b ook of sy no ny m
s a nd a ntony m
s is in p p
re ara tion for thi ss erie s , The
Writer s ’
L ib ra r y.
”
338 TH E ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
m in m f m — m
m
the ste ,
as a ster -
ul a nd a ster ly, conte pt-
ible a nd
hu ud y o d
mp fix
conte pt -
nous, envi ous a nd envi a ble
- -
. T s to st w r s
in g o up cco ng hi u
g in m y ov d of mning
r s, a rdi to t e r ste s, re es, a nd s ffi x es,
is to hia a a ster er t e r sha es ea ,
a nd
S ix ty
y ea rs a nd ore ag o Lord B r a a m
ressing ,
o ugh mdd ,
m m m
, ,
p o site b u t,
th e co p on en t wo rd s h a v e in D e Quinc ey s ,
’
m
‘ ’
- -
,
B ut ,
.
ev en L o rd B ro ug h a w o ul d h a ve fo und it diffic ul t to
di sp en se wi th po posity a nd i a gina tion m
”1
m .
—a nd th a t is o st to b e d esired .
su dd en ly he is to l d th a t the a ll o tte d ti e is up a nd he
m
,
no o n y! y th n twig i t f th m
m
E ssa It wa s re a e ssa a a s a re e , or e
mm
gowk h d tuck in th iddl Of hi cond p g Y tu ck is
a s e e s se a e . es , s
ight xp ion hi ch g in d t ch h d t d it wh n
m
th e r e re ss , as s a r e ea er a o a e
th boy w c o x in d H h d n t b n up t o of
m
e as r ss e -
a e . e a o ee o s e
m m
his t icks ;r h h d tu c k n d hi xp l n tions s you wi ll d it
e a s , a s e a a , a a ,
H h d b ou ght hi
e lf t p ublic co n f l ck of wo d
a r se o s r or a a r .
Wh t w o d ? th y k d t stily ; b ut v n n w h coul d n t t ll
m
a r e as e e e e o e o e .
H h d w nt d
e S co tch w o d th t w oul d ignify h w
a a e ny a r a s o a
n S O ny p op l s h nt Th hou h d gon by
m
n t o ea a e e a e ea . e r a e
ing hi ind f th wo d s or e r .
oth fi [ x in
The er v e e a m ers ! were fu ious r . i l You l tt e
ta tti dool i C th o o d do n wo d
m
“
e e, a r r a re , w ere there no t a ze r s
my mm
at a nzy , o r
oug li d To y o fully
md imlf m m
“
I th ht Of a uz rep e w e for he wa s
b u t—b ut
, , ,
oul d
mn
“ ’
a sha e Of h se , a a nzy s a swa r . It w
ea folk in tha t the th k i k w e r e re b u ing zz the gith e r l ik b e ee s ,
in d of i ing
v n if do mn m
ste a s tt still .
E e it es ea tha t , sa id M ru i with i p ti nc
. D th e, a e e,
n d of b ing S O p ticul ? S u ly th
m
wha t wa s the r ee e ar t Of
ar re e a
e sa
s y writing consi ts in u ing th
-
s s e fi t wo d th t co s nd
rs r a e a
hu ying on
[ om
m
rr .
Th t s h w I did id th p oud M L u hl n T y
m
“ ’ ’
a o , sa e r c a c a s
m
int p o d M r G l o g th t M cL uchl n sp a k of
1
“ ’ ’
I s ee , er se . a , a a a e s
th r b ing
e e k Of p op l n the chu ch M k is fi n S cotc h
e a as e e 1 r . as a e
wo d r .
GROWI N G A VOCAB ULARY 34 1
ought of sk m im d om
my oul d
m m
md ju mn m
I th a , wh p e re T , b ut tha t w
ea n th ki k w c e r as ra e , a nd I st ea t it to b e iddl ing
m
ful l
l ow woul d h v don ugg t d M L o i
m
m
F a e e, s es e r . rr er .
Fl o w b ut h ndful id To y
’ ”
s a a , sa .
Cu n th n you j ck n p !
rra , e , a a a es
Cu n no nough
M L o i mfl ung u p hi h nd in d p i
’ ”
rra s e .
I w nt d o m m m
m
r . rr er s a s es a r .
th ing b tw n cu n nd k id T o y
dogg dly y t lm
a e s e e ee rra a as ,
sa ,
o t t th c ying
m
e , e a s a e r .
d id yo u n d o d n
m m
“
t f hi Y w t w t h t t
iddling full W ll why did you n t y iddl ing full—
Sp rean u
a e or . o sa a e a r a ea
f ll mk ?
. e , o sa or
m m
”
e as
c ught in th n t
p l i d To m m
a e e .
I w nt d n w o d
“
a e y uncon ciou ly void
o e r , re e , s s a
ing it
m
.
M C th o w oul d h v b ng d th boy h d h d n t th
m
’
r . a r a e a e e s ea a o e
y t t find th ight wo d id M G l o g
m
m
It i O s S ea s , oo , o e r r , sa r . a .
It s no ; it
’
d ifli ult t hit qui l c i d To y ’
s c as o a s rre , r e ,
p tu th f c Of T o y t t in d b u t xci t d
mm
a er re e I k n a e , ea r s a -
e e e . e
M Ogilvy r . id in n c t y t hi lf H sa a e s as o se , e
i
s a g niu ! e s
”
m
olu e with ref erence to (a ) ex a c tness (b) va riety a nd
m
v , , ,
c h in of o d
m
()
c a r th e
,
u se w r s .
referred to on p a g es 3 37 a nd 338 .
4 . D e l iv er a s h o rt ta lk on a n y sub j e ct using a t l ea st ,
-
M k l i u nf i l i r wo rd s fo u nd in a n
m
5 . a e a st Of th e a a y
a dd ress yo u a y sel ec t
m
.
7 . T ry to find a n ex a p l e of t h e ov e r u se of u n u su a l
-
wo rd s in a sp eech .
ea s re Of g e us .
m
.
a wa k en ed a nd he b ec a e a h a bi tua l rea d er
mm
, B ut he .
mny of
a his mm
eoy f r ea ts, a highly
“
rete ntive e ory mm
was develop ed where b efore only a good forgettery ”
exi sted
mm
.
an d tha t so t of
r e o y s like uscle it resp onds to
r i
tra ining .
Wha t Not to D o
It is S h eer m
isdirected effort to b egin to e orize by mm
l ea rning words b y ro te for tha t is b eginning to b ui ld a
m
,
—
by this vicious syste V icious not only b eca use it is
mm
inefficient but for the ore i p orta nt rea son tha t it hurts
m mm
ind True so e inds a re na tively endowed wi th
mm
the .
,
mm
.
m m
, ,
mm
oyi lf It is no thing short of ri dic ul o us to mm
o
mm
e r tse . e
m
The Na tura l L a ws f
o M e ory
im n y ou i h
m p in m m
Concentra ted a ttention at the t e whe w s to
o ind fi o izing—
m o m
st re the is the rst ste e r a nd the
po n by fo go fo u h of You
k d yo u b ing omchi fly
st i rta t on e fa r . r t the rt the
li of icl y o u if
st a rt es r w e as e to r h e e
b c u yo u ll o d y ou n ion v in n
n ion m conc m
e a se a we r a tte t to wa er for an sta t
w h n e she ling yo u
wa s tel . Atte t a y not be e
i flu nc f l
m
its n e e e t; a i ar e w t an ea is
h g d dg u fici n old u ch ch g
ing ill m m
C ar e to a e ree s f e t to h it . TOO ar
w k i on b u
a e the uc s n ion
p h rst ; too h a tte t to
l d i ni y d qu n ion n
f und m
A
mm
trifl es ea s to nsa t . e a te a tte t ,
the ,
is
the n l c a e b ing
ta se re t Of re e er .
h n do po n o v yon
mm
w e it es not se e rta t . A st e er e ha s
see n how thed in ppl p oinsee s o iz dan a e t, a nd ha s e r e
—
h ap s wisely forgo tten bo th The li ttl e nick in the b a rk .
a f ter fif ty y ea rs m
I pressions tha t a re ga thered lightly
m
.
m
To e orwe .
m
, ,
mm
,
m m —
fo r ed the in to a n a cro stic visua l a uditory otor m , , ,
f u ni h d non n
m mm
g u sta to ry ,
ol fa ct or y a nd ,
ta ctile r s e,
the se se
mm
.
m
fro day to da y He correc ted the wea kn ess rela tes
mm m
.
,
—
boo k reflec t a nd rep ea t the conten ts a lo ud if po ssib l e
m
.
, , ,
m mm
,
a sid e y o u r a n u sc rip t c ru tc h es
— yo u a y tu b le onc e
m
or twic e b ut Wha t
,
a tters th a t for yo u a re going to
,
l ea rn to wa lk a nd lea p a nd run .
g estion s First rerea d this chap ter no ting the nin e ways
mm m
.
, ,
m m
.
s l i i cl of th p op h t nd th l and the
m
m
a a r es Th Old . e ra e e r e a e ea
o n y e n d go ho
ea r , a rich ; in fo u yea s th y b co oney e r r e e e
l nd
e ll by
e rs , a t u t in th t g c ou s p ovid nc th t t kes c
a r s a ra i r e e a a a re
y n nd th n if th is nything l ft of
m m
m m
p t
ar th t t th up
a se e , a e , ere a e
wi ly th t if
se , n t v ling w ish s t
a li h hi dinn r h h d
a a ra e e o re s s e e a
n wi h
a t sp c t
s n d Ob y th l w h h d b tt
es o re e n t go a e e a , e a e er o
t th L gi l tu
o e t e wh th t i cook d
s a re o se e e re a s e .
I n Ca se f
o Trou ble
m
e
m m
, ,
'
m
plu pudding or Ch inese Gordon in the o st un expec ted m
m a nn er so Of co urse y o u will g et b a ck to y o ur l in es the
mm m
,
ea rl iest o ent tha t y our feet have hit the pla tfor .
—
L et us see how this pl a n wo rks Obvio usly yo ur ex
m m
,
m
.
o ng l ik
m
g e t s e thi e t his :
m m
,
a ster .
m
The
p o w e r
.s P o w er d u ri ng the edi eva l a g es a ccrued to the
owner of the la n d wi th a sp ea r a nd a stro ng ca stle ; b ut
the strong ca stl e a nd sp ea r w ere of li ttl e a va il a fter the
m
,
a nd so y o u sa y :
m
With gunp owder the hu bl est serf in a ll the la nd
coul d p ut a n end to the life of the tyra nnica l b a ron b ehind
the ca stl e w a ll s The struggl e for lib erty wi th gunp owd er
m
.
,
a nk ind
mm m
.
mm
2 .
F l y c i ici of u gg d h od
m mm
3 . r ee r t se a n y t h e s es te et s .
vo lu e
m mmm
.
7 .E xp a nd t h e in to a sp e e c h u s ing ,
yo u r o w n w o rd s .
The l a st c en tury sa w m
a rv el o u s p rog ress in va ri ed lin es
of a c tivi ty
m
.
H n y q u o ion h ll p k
mmm
i
’
9 . o w a ta t s t a t fi t w e n th e s ea e r s
m m
too l c h est ca n y o u rec a ll fro ory ?
m m
e
10 M e o ri ze the p o e on p a g e 4 2
. How u ch ti e
.
do es it require ?
3 56 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
a gn eti s
,
m
his wea k n ess a ll a re
m
in a n a a zingly la rg e ea sure the direct results of his
m
,
,
,
m
As a As .
m m
, ,
rea p , a nd no th ing el se .
m
, ,
m
.
do f l no i l g i y
m
m
’
p r es e n c e a n,
d no t e e a th er 5 is a s s p e a s ra v t .
Thistl e seeds bri n g fo rth only the thistl e Con tra riwi se it
m m
.
,
p l a n ts ,
b u t t h e fl ow e r b e d-
s n u rtu r e d c a refully wi ll b l o sso m
In to fra gra nc e a n d b ea u ty
m
.
our low d esi res Wha t we secretly cherish in our hea rts
m
.
cha ra c ter
mm
.
h u c h o o u c h h o l —
m
t at ,
b u t re for it, t e s th e w e an his
i a gina tive na ture his a bility to control his feeling s the
m m
, ,
—
la rg ely his p ower to will a nd to c a rry his volition s in to
effec tiv e a c tion
m
.
reso lu tion
— a nd yo u wi ll b e yo u m
a y b e c erta in Of th a t
m
,
th a t figh t —
You ust win it don t swerv e for a n in sta n t
.
’
,
yo u ust fight just a s tho ugh life dep ended on the vic tory ;
a nd ind eed yo u r p erson a l i ty m
a y a c tua lly lie in the
b a la nc es !
3 60 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKI NG
crowned .
m
You ,
—
b efore a n a u di enc e the p en still b ehind yo ur ea r the ink ,
sta in s on yo u r fi ng ers
— a n d th en a nd there sh a ll p o ur out
tion Of the wo rl d
”
.
li sten er?
RI GHT THI NKING A TY
AND PE RS ON LI 36 1
spea ker?
4 . D eliver a o
sh rt sp eech on The Power of Will in
the P ub lic S pea ker .
S P E A K IN G
, ssa ys .
An d let hi
— FRANCIS
m be u t l v o th
s re o ea e er m en the i tu ns t
r r o S p ea k .
Perha p s the m
o b illi n
certa inly the o st
st r a t, a nd m
en terta ining Of a ll sp eeches a re tho se d eliv ered on a fter
,
rea dily won is p rep ared for the b est whil e the sp ea k er
m
, ,
1S ee a l os p age 205 .
6
3 4 TH E ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
m
o f non -
se . mm
nse S o e i prudent so uls see to selec t the
o st friendly of a fter dinner occa sIOns for the explosion
m
m
-
m
,
m
,
, ,
—
full list of over full sp ea k ers a ll throw out a cha llenge
-
m
.
m
mm mm
m
.
,
—
when to fla e a nd when to soo the when to i n stru c t a nd
m
when to a u se in a wo rd the who l em a tter Of AP PRO
,
m m
,
sp ea k a g a i n .
e . e e a r a e o
ar i w holding th i d
es ere p d on th Op p o it hill e r re ss a ra es e s e s
6
3 6 TH E ART OP PU B L IC S PE AKI NG
bo d ing th v At th cl o of th p d gnific nt m
m
r er e ri er . e se e a ra e a a e
b ss b nd Of th Union y p l y d with g t p i it th
m
ra a e ar a e re a s r e
p t iotic i
a r H il C olu bi a rs ,nd Y nk D oo dl aWh a , a
“
a ee e . e re
a re s se a e r e sa er
t oop o nt l t wh n th t h d co
m m m
r A f w s . e ut s e s a er , e e s a rs a e o a
w itn nd w h n ll n tu in h ony th c fo
m m m m
e sse s a w e a a re as ar , e re a e r
b nd th Old l ody H o S w t Ho
m
“ ”
th e sa e a e A its e , e, ee e . s
th ou gh th p i it Of th ol di s th hill v b t d with
m m
r e s r s e s er , e s re er era e a
p thy th i ll th p i it nd c u th f Of b ve n t
m m m
a , so r e S r s a a se e ra es ra e o
nd doub tl it w th thought Of th t Et n l Ho t
m
sa s, e ss , as e a er a e o
m
e rs as e wh e r ea r ea es, ere
a lt nd king G od c ov th b s nt ol di boy
a r, a as
’
s a re er e a e s er .
—G E NE RAL J B G ORD O N C S A . .
, . . .
(E x tra c t)
Le t m e a sk you ich th to i mgina e t ha t the cont e st , in wh e
Unit d S t t t d th i ind p nd nc Of G t B it in h d
m
e a e s a sser e e r e e e e rea r a , a
b n un u cc ful ; th t u
ee s i th ough t on
e ss l gu a o r ar es , r rea s or a ea e
of ty nt g in t u h d b n b ok n nd c tt d ; th t th
m m
ra s a a s s, a ee r e a s a ere a e
g t n wh l d th
rea e nd wh w y d u co uncil
o e
— u e , a o s a e o r s o r
W hington u F nkl in nd th v n bl p id nt Of th
m
as , o r ra , a e e e ra e re s e e
A ic nerC ong a
— h d b n d iv n fo th xil s If th
re ss a ee r e r as e e . e re
h d x i t d t th t d y in ny p t Of th ivili d w o ld
m
a e s e a a a , a ar e C ze r , a
o f ul u b l ic i in i u ion ing on
m
p w R
er p w th t te t t t h ,
f u n d s s re s e sa e o a
tion of l ib ty w hich
s u wn cou n t y
er n sought t t bli h o r o r e o es a s ,
w o ul d th h v b n in th t R p ub l ic ny ho p i t l i ty t
m
e re a e ee a e a s a oo
S esq ui C nt nni l
-
e e a , 189 6 .
E ULOGY OF GARFIELD
(E x tra c t)
c u in th v y f n y Of w ntonn s n d wick dn ss by th
m m
a se , e er re z a es a e e , e
th vi ib l p nc of d th nd h did n t qu il N t l on
mm
e s e re se e ea a e o a . o a e
h o t of u t ining f i nd
s s ch i h d nd h pp y oth w
s a r e s, a er s e a a er , ea r
m
g d f o hil dhood d y of f olic ; th f ir young d ught ;
m
’
e er e r C s a r e a a er
th tu dy on j u t p inging into cl o
e s r s t co p nion ship cl i
s s s r ses a , a
m
and in hi h rt th g sj oicing p ow tea t a ll d nd e ea e r , re er o ee e a .
n h b c th c n t n tion s l ov nshrin d in th
m
’
e ss , e Of e a e e e re a a e, e e e
p y of w o ld B ut ll th l ov nd ll th sy p thy coul d
m
ra ers a r . a e e a a e a
n t h
o wi th hi his suff ing
s a re H t od th win p s l on er . e r e e re s a e .
m
n h took l v Of lif Abov th d oni c hiss of th
e ss e ea e e . e e e a e
—
.
mm
n tion h bow d t th D ivin d c
a e JAME S G B LAINE
e o e e e ree . .
,
d liv d t th
e ere ori l s rvic h l d b y th U S S n t nd
a e e a e e e e . . e a e a
E ULOGY OF LEE
(Ex tra c t)
At the botto m Of a ll tr c o wn u e her oi s m is un selfi shne ss . Its r
m
“
e re s s sa r e . e r s s S c o s a e
he o s B ut wh n th t u h o h co know th t
m
r e . end w e r e er as e, a e a
h i in v ity h ! h w th h t of n l p fo rth t g
m m
h ere e s er a t o e ea r s e ea o ree
—
,
o i fu y l co od nob l o k
m
’
hi ! h w w h p o ll w w rs G st w th e e e s e r e
hi wn ; l ding ch g s in th c i i Of co b t ; w lking u nd
mm m
s o ea ar e e r s s a a er
p t
ah s O f d u ty — h is v th s , k g nd e l f — ifi in g
e er e a e ee , ra , se sa cr c
th n thos disp l y d on th b o d nd Op n th t
a e a e Of confl ict e r a a e e a er ,
o ow And n w h h s v ni h d f o u fo v
m
th e rr . o And e a a s e r s re er .
bl ston ? NO ! th g n w th y is f o th gul f
m m
ar e e e a es a s er a s e r e r e s
up in th i h nd th i only t op hi th n s of tho
m
e r a s as wh e r r es, e a e se o
h v w ought f n in th l ov nd f of G d nd in lov
m
a e r or a e e a ea r o , a e
by hi to b NO ! th futu nsw
s . th b th of th e on re a ers a s e rea e r
t of n t th tingl ing t
m mm
th h e ea r s e o e s a rs .
Co w th n t d y in l oy l l ov t s nctify u ois
m mm
e e e o -
a a e o a o r e r e ,
with th S p i it Of hi e wh b ing d d y t sp k th Co
r o, e ea e ea e . e,
3 70 THE ART OF PU B L IC S PE AKING
chil d in thy S p otl inn oc nc ; co wo n in thy p urity m m
m m mm
, e ss e e e, a ,
m
u s st w th reos s nd lil i of Jun ound his to b f h like
e r e a es e ar , or e,
xh l d in hi lif N tu b n fi n nd th g av h s
m
’
th e , e a e s e a re s e e ce ce , a e r e a
On this g
by thi f i t ree nb a nk , s a r s rea m ,
W s t t d y votiv ton
mm m m
e e o -
a a e s e,
Th t o y y his d ds d
a e r a ee re ee ,
Wh n l ik u ire ,u on gon e o r S es , o r s s a re e .
1 . Why m pl c ho ul d hu or find
s a a e in a fter dinn er -
p king
i fly giv yo u im
s ea ?
2 . Br ep ion e r ress s Of a ny no ta b le a fter
nn dd yo u h v h d
im
di er a ress tha t a e ea r .
3 i fly o u lin
. Br e gin y occ tion of a ny so
e an rt a ar as
m
.
in leng th
m
.
—
6 m i
7 P r
.e p a re a n d d el iv er a n a f ter dinn er sp eech suited -
CHA P T ER XXXI
MA K I N G C ON V E RS A TI ON E F F E C TI V E
CATO .
C onve
rsa t o i n is the l a b ora t ory a nd w o kshop of
r the st u d nt
e
—E ME RS ON
.
m
,
ta ug h t his g rea t tru ths not fro pub lic ro stru s but in
m m
, ,
m m
-
.
, ,
m
versa tion a nd the a n who se op inion s weigh in such
,
m
-
m
, , ,
versa tion
m m
.
, ,
m
.
wa ndering m
ntion You ust force yo ur ind to p er
a tte . m
sist a l ong the c h o sen lin e of conversa tion a nd reso lutel y
m
m
ref use to b e diverted by a ny sub j ec t or ha pp e ng th a t
—
p araphra se Tallyra nd in tho se cri ses when la nguage is
no longer used to concea l thought
m
.
—
li stening resp ec tful sy pa thetic a l ert listening is not
,
— ,
m m
for for hi to fla un t his own wo es or the d efor i ty m
m m
bad ,
m m
.
wi th o u t b eing a bore m
a n who ca n p erfo r th a t m
m m
The .
m
.
a bo u t usic or Ma da ga sc a r .
m m
’
.
m
ad ira tion a s is dr awn out b y the app eara nce of a 1 90 3
m odel touring ca r If y ou ha ve nothing fresh or interest
m
.
week ?
I . Giv e a o
sh rt sp ee ch describing the conversa tiona l
3 .W ha t q u a li ti es of t h e o r a to r S ho ul d not b e u sed in
conversa tion
m
.
iv l i of u b j c y o u d c u d d u i g
m
7 .G e a st s e ts hea r di s sse r n
m
.
9 . Ma ke a li st Of B ro m
id
es, as Gellett B urg ess
m
calls th o se threa dbg re expressions which bore us to ex “
m
D efin e the words (a ) tri te ; (b) sol eci s
m m
°
II .
,
S y ste ?
o ul d l gi l ion h d o d g du l
b n onm
Sh s at be t wa r the
“
our e s ap e ra a
n of o c iv i
gov nm of h l g ci
a a d e t the p r te t e ta r ff ?
o ul d v d
n nin m
ties b e
com m m
Sh the er ent t e a r er este
l c d by vo l g
p m
e e te the ters at a r e?
h o ul d n ion l b nk i d i u ub j c
gov nm
S at a a s be er tte to ss e, s e t
to ta x a nd n u v on no b d oner e t s p er i si ,
tes a se
i g n l
ho ul d o m
the r e era a ssets ?
n giv n b llo on p n
m
S w a be e the a t the rese t
b i of u f g
as s s f ra e for en ?
oul d p b i uf g ic d
mn n o l p c d lu ion
Sh the resent a s s Of s f ra e be restr te ?
hop of
nd diplo mic
Is the e p er a e t w r d -
ea e a e s ?
Sh o uld i d the Un te S ta tes se a at rep re
senta tiv e ic a n ?
to the V a t
m m
S ho ul d our govern ent b e ore highl y c entra li zed ?
S ho ul d the United S ta tes co ntinue its p olic y of
m
opp o si ng the co bina tion of ra ilro a ds?
m
I n ca se of p erso n a l i njury to a work a n a ri sing out
mm m
Of his e p l o y en t sho ul d his e p l o y er b e li a b l e for
m
,
m
the p a rt of the wo rk a n or the negl ig enc e of a
m
,
f ellow work a n .
m
,
m
the
of p hy sica l sa fety ?
S houl d coll eg e studen ts who rec eive co p en sa tion m
THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
for m
m
pla ying su er b aseb a ll b e deb a rred fro a a mm
teur sta nding ?
b e sh orten ed ?
m
S ho ul d h o e stu dy for pup il s in gra d e sch oo ls b e
-
m m
-
m m
,
req ui re en ts a in ta in ed by ea ch college in a
p a rticula r cla ss?
m
S h o ul d ini sters b e required to sp end a ter of yea rs m
m
in so e tra de b u siness or profession b efore be
m
, , ,
co ing p a stors?
Is the Y M C A l o sing its spiri tu a l p ower?
. . . .
“
Old Ag e D ef erred ,
”
Arno l d Lo ra nd .
WH O IS THE TRAMP ?
Artic l e in Century 2 8 : 4 1 , .
Two M E N I NS IDE .
“
The Pa n a c ea for Pov erty Ma dison Peters , .
J E W A N D C H RI S T IAN .
B OOK S A s FOOD .
Ha rco urt .
WHAT I s A NOVE L ?
The Techniq u e of the Novel Ch a rl es F Ho rn e
“
. .
,
OU R PROB LE M IN M E XI CO
m
.
TH E JOY OF RE CE IVING
m mm m
.
Artic l e in Wo a n s Ho e Co pa nion D ec e b er
’
, ,
1 1
9 4 .
CH EE R UP .
HA S TE F OR LE I S URE
m
.
a nd pl ea sure .
m
,
ME NACE S
m
How CITY NATION
m
THE TH E .
TH E FU TU RE OF TH E S MALL CITY
m m m
.
b enefits .
tunities in m
od ern wo a n s life ’
.
ME NE S AND E XTRE ME S .
of historic a l ex a ples .
E CONOMY A RE VE NUE .
m ci
to the the w .
WHY Is A MILITANT ?
m
A di sp a ssio na te ex a in a tion Of the cl a i s of the m
m
B ri tish il ita nt suffra g ette .
GOVE RN ME N T B Y PARTY
m
.
CHINE S E GORD ON .
A ulog y
e .
TH E B LE S S IN G OF D I S CON TE NT
m m m
.
B a sed on a ny ex a ,
ples Of wha t ha s b een a cco
by h o V let well eno ugh
“
p l ish e d t se w h o h a e n ot -
a l on e.
“
NOT IN OUR S TARS B U T IN OU RS E LVE S .
D estiny vs c h oic e . .
E NV IRONME NT v s HE RE DITY . .
THE B RA VE RY OF D OU B T
m
.
NARROWN E S S IN S PE CIALIS M .
ROOMIN G WI TH A GH OS T
m
.
WHA T I s HUMOR?
US E AND AB U S E OF TH E CART OON .
WA S TE IN AMERICAN LIFE .
TH E TYRRANY OF TH E CROWD .
NE WELL D WI GH T HI LLIS
m
m
D liv d in Ply outh Chu ch B ooklyn N Y Octob r 18 19 14
e e re r , r , . .
, e , .
U ed b y p ission
m
s er .
m
r a nd
c u of w Th occ ions of w r li up on th
e a
know n nd d Of ll n whil th c uses Of
e, a a re
ses
a
ar .
rea
e
a
as
m
m e
a
e
e
e a
e
m
,
w r a b dd d in ci l nt goni
a re e e in p ol itic l n d
e ra a a a s s, a a eco
no ic cont ov i N tiv hi to ri n s p o rt y th occ asion
r e rs es . a rra e s a ra e s
of w ; p hil O Op hi hi to i n th c t nd hidd n c u s
ar S c s r a s, e se re a e a se .
b ut th c u Of th h voc i th
e a se l tion b tw n ch co l nit r
e a s e re a e ee ar a e
m
,
m
.
th Union p
e nt d by D ni l W b t nd th s c sion t ught
re se e a e e s er a e e es a
St p T
a m
by C lh oun Th occ ion Of th A ic n R volution w s th
m
a
; th
.
c u w th conviction on th p rt of ur
ax e
e
a se
as
mas e
e er a e
e a
a
o
e
fo f th th t n wh h d f do in w o hip c rri d l o
re a
th c p ci ty f
e a
e rs
a
a
lf gov n nt Th occ ion Of th F nch
or se
e
-
o
er m m a
e
ree
e as
rs a
e
e
re
a s
m
.
R volution w th p u ch
e Of di ond n ckl c f Q u n
as e r a se a a e a e or ee
M i Antoin tt t ti
th c u
ar e
e Of th
a se
wh n th t
volution w f u d li
occ ion of th g t conflict th t is n w h king u
as
e
e
u y w s xh ust d ;
e a
e reN t o th wi
re a th w
a
th me
as
a
e
e a
e
o
rea s
s
S
.
a
r
o
a
o
er
r ea r
e a
se ,
e
as
e
th
e m e
in tion Of n Au t i n boy nd gi l b ut th c u i
e a ssa ss
b dd d in ci l nt goni
A f Ru i th c u Of th w
s or
e
a
nd
ss a ,
cono ic co p tition
ra
w sh
a a
a
d si t obt in th
e a
a
se
m mm
s r a
s s a
e ar
e
a
a er
r ,
e re
e
o
e a
a
.
se s
e
B o p ho u — nd n op n
h
i h
s
er a
s
tt ck up on G
er
a
r s p o t which i th p i
a
ny A f Au t i th c us Of th w r
f Of th g owing p ow Of th B lk n S t t s nd th
ea r e
a
er
Off
r
m dfr e
a
sea
. s
r
er
or
,
s r a,
e
s
a a
e
e a
r ze
a e
e
,
e re
a
e
o
a
e
p og
r ivre ssl icing w y O
e f h S t i t o y A f Fa nc th a er err r S or ra e, e
m m
.
c us of th w i th instinc t of lf p
a e e ar v tion th t si ts
s e se r e se r a a re s
m
-
a n inv din g h o t a AS f G ny th c us is h r d p s t d
s or er a e a e e ee -
ea e
m
.
,
m
,
m
,
th t n tu
a digg d f h th ough th outh of th Rhin As
a re e or er r e e e
m
.
m
.
Pitt xp l in d th qu d ru p l ing Of th t x
e a e th inc
e Of th
a e a e s, e rea se e
a
sta t em
n vy nd th nding Of n E ngli h r y g in t F nc by th
, a e se
ent th t j u stific tion Of th i p op o
a d w r is th Pr s rv a
a
s
s
r
a
se
a a
a
s ra
e
e,
e e a
e
39 6 THE ART OF PU B LI C S PE AKING
ha v b en d ni d h
It is
e
NO o th l nd h ol d
l nd wh a
e
er
Th gol d i in th h a t of h
a
e
v ybody wo ks In th wint wh n th
a
e
c o p u d nt indu triou nd th ifty
e re
p op l
s a ra
er
e
.
er
e m e
re r
r
s
e ,
e e
s
e
r
s a
er
er e
r
e .
. e e
s u n do n t i until h lf p t s v n th B lgi n cott g h v
es o r se a as e e , e e a a es a e
light in th i window t fi
s nd th p op l
e r a dy f n s a v e, a e e e re rea or a
e el v n ho u d y A
e ul ll hil d n w o k ft 12 y s of
r a
mm
s a r e a C re
m mm r a er ea r
-
.
m
.
,
r e o e as e se
e
fi ll d by A ic n w o n nd th n b gin th i t sk up on th
e
x qui it l c th t h v nt th i n
s e a
er
es nd f
a
th ou ghou t
a a
e
e se
, a
e r
e
a m m
e
e a
s e r
a
a
e r
e
i
th w o l d
s so
e
p
Th i w g r l w th i wo k h d b u t th i lif
.
c ful nd p o p ou th t f w B lgi n v
ea e
e r
a ig t
a
r
e s a re
s er s
o ,
a
e r
e
m m r
e a
ar
s e
,
er e
e r
ra e
e
o
m
t fo ign cou nt i re
co p ul o y th i chool f s
Of l t th y h v
r
m
d th i duc tion
It i do ub tful wh th
e r s
r es
ny o th
.
s ree
a e e
s
a
m
e a e
e
e r e
er a
a
er
m
, .
count y h
tion
d g t ucc s Of th i y t Of t n p o t
r as
Y u will p y 5 0 c nt t j o u n y o
o
a
tw n ty odd
e a
ail s
re a er s
e s o
es
r e m e r s
m s
s e
e e
ra s r a
m
.
o ut t
m Ro lyn on u L ong I l nd il o d b u t in B l giu
o
m
s
co ut j ou n y tw nty il in t th f cto y nd b ck g in
er r
,
e s
o r
e m s a
es o
ra r
e
a
a
,
r a a
e
a
a
%
a
e v y night nd k th i doubl d ily j ou n y s t n nti
er
cost Of 37 c nt p w k l th n th
a
e ount th t you p y
s
a
er
es
ee
e s x
e ss
e
a
a
e a m r e a
a
a e
a
re
m m m
,
f orth j ou n y n w y f
e lik di t nc in thi count y Out
r e o e a or a e s a e s r
m
.
Of thi h s co B l giu p o p i ty on y t ’
s a Sh h th e e s r s er . e as e e o
b uy good f o o th count i s n d sh h th p op ty t
s r er r e a e as e r er o
m
,
e
hu nd d
r o
m
xp o t t fo ign l nd L t y th Unit d S t t s with its
re
illions Of p op l i p o t d l s th n
re
a s
e
.
e,
as ea r
r e
e
e s
e
a
a e ,
a
o
nd xp o t d
u p
count i
s
e
c p it er B l giu
r es
r e
a m
If u p op l h d b n s p o p
w w oul d h v p u ch
wo th of
a as
good
d f o oth
nd xp o t d
e , e
r
o r e
a e
e a
r
s
a se
ee
a
m a
r
e
r s
r e
er
er
S O l g ly h v w b n d p nd nt up on B l giu
Of th
ar e
ngin u d in digging th P n
e e es
a
C n l cse
th te
f o th
ny e ee e e
e
e
a m a a a
e
a
m
mm
a
m e
a
r
a
e
C ock ill w o k th t p odu c tw tho u nd s of th s
er r s ngin s a r e o sa e e e e
e v y y in Li g It is Oft n s id th t th B lgi n h v th
es
er
b t cou t in xi t nc Th S up
ea r
r s
e
C ou t of Li ttl B lgiu
e s e
e .
e e
e a
re m e
a
r
e e a s
e
a
e
e
m e
m
.
mm
.
,
as a d ci ion h b n ch d by l ow C ou t whil th
e s as tt s
ee re a e a er r , e e a er
a re till f s h in ind nd ll th wi tn s nd f cts dily
res a a e e sse a a rea
ob t in bl thi S up
a
on ith id nd without
e
a
er s
Justic vi w ll th Obj ctions i d
e, s
otion f o nyon p ss s on th
e a m re e
a
e re e
r m s a
a
e
e
e
a e
ra se
e
d ci ion of th inf io cou t On th o th h nd th l ow
e
cou t
th w g e
s
Op n t
r s a re
n a
n i
n d n w boy
e ea r nd fi h
e
e
di t s ttl nt of di p ut s b tw n
n
e rs , a
o a m
l o t d ily
m er r
e
e
s
r
a
.
e
s a
e e mm e
s
e
er
er
e
a
s
a re a
,
m
e
e
e
s
ee
a
er
S id with out th p
es , nc Of tto n ys o r th n c ity Of rv
e re se e a r e , e e e ss se
ing p oc s a i ing doll nd qu t s h th p oo st
r e s , o r ra s a ar a a a r er , a e re , e re
Of th p oo h v e th i w ong ight d It i s id th t n t ne
r a e e r r s r e . s a a o o
d ci ion ut of n hund d is pp l d thus c lling f th
e s o o e re a ea e , a or e
e xi t nc Of n tto n y
s e e a a r e .
APPE NDICE S 3 97
m
ea r
m m
oth in titution o g ni d in th int t of th w g
To
m
a ll
n h b n dd d th n tion l ving b nk y t th t
er as
er
ee
s
a e
s
e
r a
a
ze
a sa
e
s
e re s
a s s e m
m
e a
a
e
m
,
k lo n t
a es n of ll a n th t n bl th f
s nd
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AT B L G U M PLAIN IN HI TORY
THE G RE E I S
B u t th in titutions of B lgiu
e nd th indu t i l p o p
s ity e m a e s r a r s er
of h p op l lon
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”
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m
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i
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s r . as
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m
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s o l v l p ot of l nd wh th cont t b tw n Op p o ing
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a rr a s es e r
m
‘
r e .
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o , colli ion th h co
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inu d t p ilre ich in fo titud l oy lty p ti nc th ift lf
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re li nc nd p v ing f ith F fi hund d y th B lgi n
a e a e rse er a or v e re e a rs e e a
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If Jul iu C
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h
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A TH RIL L ING CH APTE R F ROM B E L G IUM HIS TORY
’
S
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gu t of th i p u s nd g s un ti fi d th y kill d th
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tion S p in c u l ty t th M oo n d th ich J ws fo
m
’
. a s r e ne o e rs a e r e r s o
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t k
a youth wh t th b ginning b li v d in Ch l th Fifth
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m
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.
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r
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r
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,
L AMORAL D E GMONT
“ ’
m m
.
Thu di d
m
John E liot f E ngl nd
thi s yo ung
n whs did s u ch p ob bly f Holl nd a s
e
L f y tt f
or
a
F nc
a
S aul ,
o
or
a
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r
or
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ra
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e, or
a
a m e
Ad s f
a or p u b l ic re .
AP PE NDICE S 40 1
mm
e a e e e , e a
to n do r B ut nin ty da ys g
a nd B l gi u w s e a o a e a a
m
.
m
.
, ,
G r e ny struck B lgiu
a Th whol w o l d has b ut n voic e e e r o e e,
m
.
mm m m
.
Sla ught Wh n th l ov of G
er ny i k d t xp l in
e e er er a s as e o e a
m
.
m
.
,
m
.
wo d r good th ir bond ; G
as ny g v t ty nd in th
as e er a a e rea a e
m m m m
,
p s nc
re e of G d n d teh civi l i d w o l d on t d in
a to s ol n e ze r e ere a e
m
,
m
.
m
.
,
l ss bl ck th tw
e a th known x p l of c u lty w ought
e o or re e e a es r e r
mm
up on non isting B lgi ns In B ooklyn liv B lgia n wo n
S h p l nn d t
e tu n ho
a
re s
in l t Jul y t vi it f th wh h d
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Wh n th G
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B el giu
a
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.
,
p ovr B ut v ry l oya l G
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m m
.
m m
.
t oci ty
a r is p es nts G ny nd h oldi
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m
of G ny s t ty wi th B lgiu nt th di hono of
’
er a p rea e re rese s e s r a
mm m
a m
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sk th t ju dg
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ar ,
nt b p o tp on d until ll th f ct
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in B ut
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m
.
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th night i th
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”
r e ? e e 0 a s
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.
a nd d kn ss ar ound bout G od s th on
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th h rt b l ds f
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m mm
.
b utiful city in E u op ! F
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of Rub ns ! Ruin d is Louv in Wh th wh t w v d n w
e e a . ere e ea a e , o
40 2 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
m mm m
G d
i id a bill owy with g v s B ut l t u b li v th t
the h ll s
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’
r a ar a rs , s r e s ra e, a
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a er
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,
HE NRY WATTERS ON
AME RICANIS M TH E NE W
(Ab idg d ) r e
a
E ight y g tonight th
young G o gi n wh n t without
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e r
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m
.
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nc which in p iv t
ckon d vi tu b co s in p ublic ff i re
a
s
ze s
e
a r se e
-
a
a r
a e
a
e,
a
e
e ra
s
e
.
e,
a
r
a rs
a e
a
40 4 TH E ART OF PU B L IC S PE AKING
by
y
s o
the m m
o im
B ut is it m
st eo n o ld m
o im o n
ov m
p rta t w r
n
n
ming im
l und d
e
o ing
e t of the a st h re
e a rs . re p rta t tha the a a z , p s
di qui ing i io of J n O u o i y
,
a n d p erha p s
,
s et appar t n ap a ? n e a th r t
in i
s sts tha t whe n u i d c nd d in o
R ss a es e e t the Fa r E a st a nd p she u d
f on i on
her r t e r the Pa cificto the fo y i d d g of l i ud
rt th r e ree at t
m e,
m
-
tha t wa s one
m
ofthe o
st fa r rea h c ing f c
y of u o —
a ts Of er od n i o y
h st r , -
tho it a
the
l o
m c d
st e s a p e
n ono oli d by f i in
p ze
the e e s
a fa rs
E r p e a ll her p er ep t
the L e a t v n Who ca n sa y ?
c ion
s
m m
m
.
The e ter
a , the C
c n of g vi y fo v
ra
u of u
ea s res
ouncil of
t is
L ther , Ca v i , K
n
l n nox
Tre t , a nd a ll the
re er S h t if ing
, the p
; the
coun
ea s re
ter re r a t fo
oli ic l xi of
t a a s the
u of
ion m -
.
di c n
s er how st p e u ndou s a th ing
wa s don n f
e whe , a te r two escycl
of bi tte r wa r , one fo ign
re , the o
the r civil
a nd in in i
test e , P tt a nd
Wa sh t , w th a sp a
the
ing on i in
found ion
at s Of the A er a
n of l
ess tha
ic n
Rep b
n co
a s
u lic
re of y
ea rs, p a te l n d
m .
m
.
r ee e, a a a e re ca
m m
, , ,
b tol d in col o s l fig u s th t
e l ost s h d t
sa li in re a a re a a ar o re a ze
ou
tim r
e
inds s th figu s of st ono ic l dist nc
It is n t quit cl
a e
th t ll th fo u nd s of th C o
o e
g ol ogic
re
on
ea r a
a
a
r
e
a
er
a
m
mm
e
e
or e
m m
.
lib ti s of n I consid th cl ss of e
o
e
er
rea
e
e e
e
m a
a
a a
e e
a
a
er
m o
r
e
e
a
r
r
.
m
.
,
h w nt on s th p nd s of vic
“
a rtifi s ce r ,
e e nd th instru
, a e a er e, a e
e nt by which th lib ti s Of country g n lly ove
e er e a a re e e ra r
th own
r In E ngl nd th y ck on 70 p c nt Of ur p Op ul
a e re er e . o a
With yo u I
.
tion s dw ll s in town s
a e er d th t only 25 p r .
, rea a e
c nt of th p opul tion liv in g oup s s l g s
e e a p son s e r o ar e a er
m
. .
m
rev l d in it a ll
mm m
e e .
Th t g at n — a n
rea in th fo f ont ong the p ctic l
a a e e re r a ra a
int ll ig nc s of hu n hi tory—onc tol d fri nd th t wh n h
o l
e
e
i tic s o l
e
s a nmm m
dw lt up on th p id p og ss tha t
d t
e
h a ts
ra of l iving
e
n d wh n h
a
nkind w s king in
ra
con sid ed
s
r
r
re
e
m a
a
a e
e
a
e
m
a
a
e
ere
e
p , , ,
m
nd h wi she d h coul d
e, a
e .
visit th rth t th nd
e
e a
e
er ea e
re
re e
e ea a
e
e e
m
of c ntury t s h w nkind w s g tting on With ll y
a
he t I S h
ar
e
his wi sh a re
o ee
Of a ll the en who ha ve b uilt up g
o
. t
a
ma e . a
rea
AP E ND P ICE S 40 5
S tates I
a nd s
do b li v
,
ingl y de e e of
b e nefi cence co d ai oul m
o l c i y of ound n
e e e the re is not one wh se a a r t
m f ly u d
be m
re sa e
s se se
tr ste
m m
-
tha
no cmm m
n nkl in d
F ra
i a nd p
to ra wlig f o
oli ic l confu ion of
t a
ht r
s
m m
c l ou d
s i
the
our t
i c s a nd p er e the eco
e
m
We ca n i a e
gin
m
.
n
the a a ze e t a nd co l c ncy of p a e t d b nign n ind
h a t sh r e w e a t
if could c gi n v l of you ll fu n c
_
he w a t h a ll the a t ar e s r i s a nd r a es
m m
,
u d vi d by
a nd a ll the a pp a ra t s e se ond ou inv n iv f c i
the w r s e t e a ul t e s
of an ; if co d v fo
he ul ha e n re see x i n i
tha t his e p er e ts w th the
ki in
te g dn i dl i
his a r e a t Ph l a e p h a his t ub yd n j
es his Le e a rs
w oul d en din l c ic
the e e tr li nc of
a pp a es
,
l g
to d a y — ,
the
-
a r e st
l c ic l n in
e e tr p a t a ll to l d on
h e w r i of o
t h e s t euqu n if
F rt D e s e ;
he
v
could v
ni d
ha e he a r
the U te S ta te s
li d
d of
by l c ic o o o in y
of
e e tr
of
t r p we r
gici n l of
m
ng c i d in
m
p a sse
if co d
i
a
ers
ea r ;
a rr e
he
m ul
m
ha e rea z e a ll the re st
’
the a a s ta e our t e .
ha e
i o
S t ll
v fo
unb ok n
r e
re w
rese e ,
ould
n b yond
ng of
stre
e
th
v b n ound d
he ha e ee a st
dv nc in
a ll a a
o i ic l u c u
es
l d co d
ic
e
i l oduc ion ma n d e a te
a te r a
tha t p l t a str t re wh h he ha d so
pr t
ul
,
he
the
g nd
ra
m
a sha re
i f noon
th s a ter
in ing n o i v y gion
re a r
v f
I t th s er re
swep t w a e a ter w a e
.
v of i ig ion ngli ra tm
m
where we a re
; E sh
m m
,
for i gini fl o d ov
Vr a we bo d b in i g ngli
er the r e r, r g n i E sh tra ts ,
l u bi of ind co
itera t re , ha ts
m
; S co o i o igin lly f o
ts , or S t Ir sh , r a r
m
-
l
U ster fl o d in f o
we n l nn ylv i
C e tra Pe
m olic f o Ca th
'
, r s an a ; s r
S ou n l nd
ther Ire a o f o ou n
; n ew h sts r S n l
the r a n d E a st C e tra
uo
E r pe i
Th s is not the F rth
. ou of u y J l o l of v y
B ut p e p e
. e er
c ool ou d g
s h w l a re e tha t it is no xub nc of e era o ice on y
rh e t r it is l
m
,
s ob u
e r tr th to sa y tha t the p erse er v ing b o ion inco
a s rp t a nd r
p ora tion of i c l
a ll th s o n of
ea se ess t rre t og nou l n
heter e s e e e ts
no
i t on e
c iv n
a h e e
uc ni
Ch r h
u d
mnite
e t tha t ni
bl indu iou
y n in
e the r B za t
sta , e
e ther the R
i
o n
e E
, str
ru in
e
i
n
a
omr
m
cific
m
s , a nd p a
R ss l
a
o n
E p re n o r the R
n o t
S ta te is a n
C h a r e s t
a
h
m
e
, p ,
l i
G rea t nor Cha r es the F fth no r Na p e ol on v iv l d e er r a e or a p
p roa ched .
p re
tion
e s r ,
ob in ly oo d v n
a ll so st
a , s
a te r
e
n
s a a hr
b nc m
te , e e whe the rab
, s ,
e t
he s see
institu
,
a re
m
,
a nd b ok n in old o ld i
r e , an w ro n di ng g d g ound
w th the p e a n d
,
se a e r
of the n e w in f c you di cul i
Ye t . a t r lffi t e s we re a t e a st a s for id a
o of
b le a s th se ol d civili ion in o o f ui f
the er za t si g t w h se r t ul he r ta e
you v n d
ha e e tere
k of inco o ion
ta s
niqu
rp ra t
U
m
n c i y of i gig n ic
. e w a s the
i il ion of o l of div f i
the a ss at m
e e ss t
pe p e
m
th s a t
e rs a ths
—how to
m
,
c
a n d ra e cond di cul y
A se o fo id bl i l
ffi t wa s re r a e st l
m
.
c n li d conc of f d l y mi l oc l
c o k o ful
e re t a nd w r a p we r l y on uc
a nd w ea th y S ta te s h a s ste as
to co bin e the e tra ze ert a e era s ste w th a
m
ind nd nc
ep e e
n of individu f do
e t
uni coll c iv n gy i
e , a n d to
al ree
te e t
m
ncou g
e e er w th the e ra e
m
.
i l di icul y
Th s a st
u ou n d
s r
ff you v
t tha t
n ou conf on
te , a t the p re se t h
u cc ful yha e so s
o
r coun y r ts the
e ss
ther m
l up to now
tr
40 6 THE ART or PUB LIC E
S P AKIN G
a nd d p ly p rp l x s h st t
ee e mm
n Lib rty nd union h v e e er a es e e a a e
m
.
b n c ll d th tw in id of A ic S t th y
ee a e e th ea s er a o, oo , e a re e
m m
.
twin id l of ll
bl e n diff e
p on ib l
ea s
ong th s lv
n in G
t th
er a
a
m m
t B ri t in ;
m
ltho p on i
re s
f t p th on which
s
e
e
e
e
es a s
rea
o e sa e s
a a
a
re s s
t t v l to w d th co
m
on go l nd th th di iding oc n ‘
o ra e ar e a a o e v ea
m
, ,
in S o of th
es
a
m
m
a
a e e rs
e s re m
s
m mm m a
a
a
e
e er
e
re e
a re
.
m
.
ob iou B ut th co on n th ixtu of p ti nc nd
v s e -
se se , e re a e e a
m
.
p t as y b t u t d with th futu
, a e r s e e re .
S t ng rand d vio u
shining c h nn l
m g t
e th
a
p aths of h i
y t iou ly ilt d up H w ny ti
e s
t o y e B o d nd
e m s a re
s er s
e a
s e
m m mm s
o
r .
a
r a
a
a
e
m
.
wh t a d gl o iou high o d p ov no o th n
se e e a r ul s r a r es re a a e
t ck cul d Think of C nning fl hing bo st ’
ra or e re -
e sa c
-
a s as a
m
.
,
wh n h in i t d on th
e e cognition of th S p ni h p ublics in
s s e e re e a s re
S o uth A —
ic th t h h d c ll d n w w o l d into xi t nc
d s th b l nc of th ol d Thi i n of th s ying — f
er a a e a a e a e r e s e e
to re
which o t
re s
ny noth
s r m e a a
ight b found—th t k the fortun
a a
e
er m e .
e
s s o e
a mm a
e
e
‘
a s o
e
c u m
of h to ici n y t t nd ill th w
a r
t n s a
e
ce
r
.
nd t
a , of ti fi d ci
Th n w w o l d th t C nning c ll d into x i t nc
e
e
e
s a
r
e
a
ea r a
a
ea r
a e
m
e
e s e
x r
e
h f tu n d u t sc n of ingul
a s so ar r di nch nt nt
e o a
m e e s ar se a
m e .
Th n t wi thou t gl i p
ra
o
cou g nd v n wi do th t
e a
o on occ ion of th t h oi
th e tt ib ut s of
e n l ot
nd
s m se s
a a re
m
as
e a r em m a er
a
s
a
a
s
a t th w o t th t l h
mm
sa s e r , s
e b nt rs u ch t l of n chy nd
,
A
tu n of
r m
ic nd E u op It h l ft l o t tud nt of p hil o op hic
er
ind n of th
a a
o t int ting of ll th p obl
o e
r e
t b
.
e
as
s
e
ere s
a s o s
a
e s
e m a
r e
s
s o e
ra mm
found in th whol fi l d of oci l ccl i tic l ligious nd
m
e
ci l ov nt Why i it th t w do n t find in th outh s
a e e
e
—
e
s
s
a
a ,
e
e es a s
o
a , re
e s
, a
a
m
.
e
m
w find in th no rth of thi h i ph e
g t S p ni h A ic n p op l t tching f o th Ri G nd
rea a s -
p o w rful f d
er
tion
a
s
e
e
e s re
s ere a
r
e
e
e era
o ra
a
e
to
m mm
C p Ho n ? Ta n w th t qu tion woul d b t h d
e r
fl ood of light up on ny d p hi to ic fo c in th Old W o ld
o a
a
s er
ee
a
s r
es
r es e
e o s e
r
a
m m
,
of which ft ll th ,
ov nt of th N w
a er a but
, p e se e e s e e a re a ro
mm
l ng ti n nd
m o nif t xt n ion
o a o a re a es e e s .
th n th
a i of S p ni h p ow t th p inn cl of g atn
e r se
gl o y in th ixt nth c ntu y ? Th M oh
r e s d ns aft
ee
a nd
n
s
e r
er o
e
e
a
a
m
m e
e a
re ess a
e r ce
m
,
sul
a
ra
b ought und
a
s
r
F nc hu b l d E ngl nd
e m
sm
ingl ul with ingl c d ; no ous
cqui ition f o th N th l nd of N p l S icily th C n i s ;
r
n c d ttl nts d in A i
e
er a
e
s
a
e
m m mmm er a
e r
e
e
a
s
e
a
se
a s
es ,
e
e
e
ree
a
e
e
e
a
r
ar e
s a
n d N o rth n Af ic — S p in in A
m
, ,
a er ic b co p o s d of r a a er a e e s e sse a
v t contin nt nd of o th n n
s a
as
i l nd Y t b fo
a
s .
e
e
of S p in und w nt hug d cl n ion th t ito y und her
chip l go of p l ndid
c ntu y w ov th ov ign j ty e
a
e
re a
a
e m re
e
r
e
a
e
as
o
s
e
er
ar
e
e s
err
e a
e re
r
S
a es
er
e
er
,
40 8 THE ART or PUB LI C E
S P AKI NG
as
t
m
im W e
ti
.
on
e went
in
d in o
, swell e
ha t w a s n ew
o d conflu nc of odern
t the b r a
nsfor tion of thought
1 776 wa s the tra m a
e e m
in o c u l
o
t
l i tic s
t
in
a
t
p olity
h
a
ir w id s t
a
Wh t is p og ss ? It is b st t b sl ow in th co p lex rts of
s n
r
n
e d n
re
t t
.
hu rry t d fin
e If yo u e se , a
e o
o
e
o
m e
o
-
e
a
p e
m
.
w nta p l ti tu
a d th a is no thi ng f s
e,upp lying it like d fi ni
ere or a e
tion O sh ll w sa y th t o st d finitions h ng b tw n p l ti
r a e a e a e ee a
m m
.
tu d nd p
e a dox ? Th a ra sa id th I h v n ver coun t d to ere a re , o a e e e ,
I a m
n t b ol d
e s .
m
.
ga ug h w f r th dv nc of o l fo c h s k p t p c with
e o a e a a e ra r es a e a e
th t x t n ion of
a e e t ri l fo c s in th wo l d of which this con
s a e a r e e r
m m
,
mm
.
, ,
r re
mm
b
m
yond
e
ast k er
i
y
t
of
k
p
T
og
h
es s
p
— i
s
c
s at i of s
e
n w fo c in
oci
.
r
t d c tion
hundr d fi l d
re
n
e of th
nd
ra
s a
se
m e
a s
r e
a e
a
a
e
o
e
e
s, a
e
m
with i su bl div ity of fo
ea
in t iu p h nt w ong Tol tion in ligion h s b n ca ll d
r a
ra Th e
r
is l ss cqui sc nc ers
e ra
r s .
re
ere e
a
a
ee
e e
e
e
m m
.
th b st fru it of th l t fo u c ntu ri s
e e n d in sp ite of f w as r e e , a e a e
bigot d su viv ls v n in u Unit d Kingdo
e r a e n d so e s v g o r e a e a a e
mmm
, ,
m
, ,
of Eu op thi gl orious g in of ti
r e, s y n w b ta k en s s cur d a e a o e a e e .
P h p s of ll th con t ib utions of A
er a a ic t hu n civili
e r er a o a za
tion thi s is gr t t
m a
er a
Th
int v ls it h s its triu p h nt hou but
ign of fo c i n t y t ov
ea es
a
nity fight with ucc s th i l ong nd t dy b ttl f wid s
. nd
on j ustic hu
es
t
m e re
e r
a rs ,
a
r e
s ea
s o
rea s
a
e
e
er , a
or a
e,
a
er
sw y a .
Of ll th p oint of soci l dv nc in
a e y cou nt y t l st
s a a
mm
a m e, r a ea
m
,
a
re
m m
e
m or
s
e r
r
e
er
e
,
m
.
,
t i l w ll b ing
a er a nd it d ifi u i n
e -
e ong thos who l b ora s s o a e se a
m
,
mm
,
m
,
m m m
, ,
m
, , ,
n ti idity nd di t u st o l i p ul s th t ”
ess , It i th
, a s r . s e ra se a
att Wh th y
er . f ll is f
ere e a re sa e , a sa e .
APPENDI C S E 40 9
mm R p ub lic ni m
,
wo d h r b n p ok n t th condition of th p op l ith in
as ee S e as o e e e e e er
A icer E u op
a or i n t its lf
r e p n c
. f e a s s o e a a a ea or
c no ic diffi cul ti
e o Of lf it n n ith tifl n
es pp. th se ca e er s e or a ea se e
a c nt of oci l di cont nt S l ong it h no oot in u
ce s s a s e . o as as r s r
n y con n i lf tok n of p og
Wh t c i th k p tic wh t h s b comof ll th hop of
ve y e d thie di t
v t t i s s e se s a e r ress
m
.
,
a r es e S e a a e e a e es
m m
, ,
th ti e wh n F nc e tood up on th t p of gol d n h o u ? D
e ra e s e o e rs o
n t l t us f
o
e m
mm
th ol d h op
mm
e th ch ll ng
ti
ea r
h s b ought es
M u ch h co
t tu
e of th
of n we
And ov
a
a
e
r
e .
a s ra m as e
e .
e . er
h op
Lib
m
li i o ti
nd you
es , a
era
y oft n h
s u p ct d of b in g col d t th n w
it
s s
id th t Lib li i l dy
a
e
e
es s
ea r
s e
sa
e
m a
e
e ra s
o ese
s a rea
e
sup
a
a
m d d by S oci li
erse
e
e
e
Th t
oot d e se
.
r
a a
mes
a
a
s
e
e s
s
re
e
a ss
a
er
a re r
a
ar
e
Twic A
for
m
in th n tu of thing n d
e
e ic h
Ind p nd nc in th e
a
e
re
a
cc dit d by th i u cc s
v d Lib li in G t B it in Th W
er a s sa
ight nth c ntu y w th d f t of
e e
e
s,
e e
a
e ra
ee
a re
s m a
e
re
re a
r
e
r
as
a
e r
.
e
s
e ea
e
es
ar
.
u u p ing p ow no l in E ngl nd th n h
s r
in th nin t nth c n tu y g v th d ci iv i p ul
e e ee
er Th W f Union
ess
e t c itic l r a
a
e e mm m
a
e s
e re
e
. e
se
ar
o a
or
r a
count y Any i sc i ge of d m
e xt n ion of ufi g nd n
e s
r .
s of p op ul
oc cy h m
rafo in th oth
e, a
ct g in t
a rr a
a era
e ra
a r re
ere
r
rea s
e
a a
er
p og s in G
r re s t B i t in
ning of m
rea r
m
a .
m
m mm m
p li m
If you k th l see o t od n di p g nt of
e rea ea s er s a ra e e
of th mlv s t
p op ul a r or nt y gov n nt it i no o th n thi
ar a e ar er e s re a s,
m m
,
Wh t coul d b o t u ? Wh y it will ? B ut w
a e re y d r e o sa s e a e
p nd up on it th t th
e oul will b b t k p t liv in n tion wh
a e s e es e a e a a ere
th ere i th high t p op o tion of tho
s e wh in th p h
es of
r r se o, e ra se
mm
a n ol d w o thy of th
an ligion t
’
s re
v nt nth c ntu y think it p t of
r
t it th t hi coun t y b w ll gov n d
o se e
e se
o
e
a
ee
s
e
m r
r ,
e e
a
er
ar
e .
a
st
D
er
oc cy th y t ll u i fflict d by dioc ity nd by
e ra
ility B ut h n t d oc cy in y count y
,
as
e
in you
o m e
e
s, s
ra
a e
m e
r
r
as
a
rs ,
m mm
.
,
sho wn b fo n w th t it w ll kn o w h w t choo
e re o rul a n ith e s o o se e rs e er
in
edioc n t il ;
m c titud in cl
re
re n o th n th qu l in un lfi hn
or s e r
ight in fo c of ny b oluti t t t
e,
e
ea r S n
e re
r e,
a
a
e e
a
a s
s s
se
s a es m
mm
S eS S ,
a
m
, ,
th t v
a in ti
e er p t bo th c p t ? If I liv f w onths
es as re e s e er e a e ,
or it y b v n f w w k long I hop t h v
a e e e a n oe s er, e e see s
—
ee o a e
d mnd th oth
thing of th l ctions n in C n d n in th Unit d King
r ee e e o e a a a, o e e e
a mo
p t f o
ar
m
, a h
h ight of oci l p
r
With u in p c t of l d hip nd
id nt i s you know th p i m
e
tig
e th p
er
on g co p onding
ere
s
.
a re s
s,
e, e
res
e rs
e
a e
ea
rres
ers , a
t th p
o
m mm
e
r l l ction thi ti
e a e e
res e ini t
s, a
owing t p on l ccid nt of th p ing
s
Ou g n
e, o
,
ers
e
a
r
a
e
e
s er .
e
r
a ss
e
m
m
ho u
mmmini t m m
r,
my n t d t a
b u t it will d t
s er ,
in quit o x ctly wh h ll b th p i
e er
in th p ty f o which th p i
ini t h ll b t k n On no l occ ion u l ction of
s er S a e a e
e er
e
e
e e
r
e
a
a
ar
as
r
o S
s o
a
r e e
e e
e
r
r m e
e
a
mm m
.
m
e
mm m
.
m
m m
th t th A
a
B iti h p ri
r
ric n p
s
id nt is in f
e fi x d ti
e
inist d p nd up on th upp o t of th Hou of
e
wh e
a th res
er e
e
e s
mm
or a
e s
e
r
e,
e
er a s
se
e
m
Co
a do
on If h l o s th t hi p ow
n y s Th ze
s
onth ; if on th oth h nd h k p s it h
n t
.
y n t n du
ny o int ting i p o
ea r
e
e
tw lv
y hol d offi c f
se
er
e re a re
a
a
,
o
,
s
mm e
a
ee
er a
re
e
o
eres
a
e re a
or m
e
e
e
or
r
m m
.
m
ou c bin t gov n nt you p id n ti l y t of gov n
r a e
nt i th b tt Thi i n t th p l c t gu it
e s
—
e e
er
er
—
e
s
or
s o
r
e
re s
a e
e
o ar
a s
e
s e er
m
. .
B tw n 1868 n d n w
e ee p iod of th i ty i y s w h v
a o a er r -
s x ea r e a e
h d ight
a
a
h lf y a
e
s
ini t i
Of th
Thi w oul d giv n v
ight gov n nts fi l t d ov r fi
ea r
g lif of fou nd
s r es .
e se e
s
er m
e a
e
a e ra
v e
e
as e
e
mm e
r a
ve
m
.
mm
.
sw p t w y by
e gu t of p ion I n onl y c ll th ov th ow
a a a s a ss , ca re a e er r
of L o d P l ton in 1 858 f
r b ing thought t ub vi nt
a e rs or e oo s se r e
t F nc
o ra F y wn p t I h v
a
e
mmm
. lw ys thought th t by its
f p l y its co p tiv fluidity it p id fl xibility of d p t
re e
or
a ra
o
e
ar , a e a
s ra
a
e
a
a a a
m m
, ,
tion u c bin t y t
o r h o t t y f i t lf
a e s s e as s o sa or se
m
.
,
Wh th d oc cy will k f p c w ll h v y t t s
e er e ra a e or ea e, e a a e e o ee
m
.
m
r ilit y g Wh n th vil of iv l
nt goni tic c s t ito i l cl i s nd ll th oth
es , a a
r
s
s
ra e
a
err
ar
r a
a e .
a m e
a
e e
a
s
e
r a
er
m
, ,
ea ers er a s ar e o a a e re a e e
w it s nd wi s st ul s on th
r er a of th volution M ov nt
in this gion of hu n things h n t ll b n p og iv If
re
e r
m er
a
m
e ev e
as o
e re
a ee r
.
ress
e
e
e
m
.
w u v y th Eu op n cou ts f o th nd of th S v n Y
e s r e e r ea r r e e e e e ea rs
'
W do wn t th F nch R volution w no t th
ar o k d g owth
e re e e e e ar e r
m m
,
m
.
wo l d hi t o y find ny Eu op n t t s n ft
’
r n w
s s r ca e so a r ea s a e e a er
p c
ea n
Th t s nti
a
d th good
e a
sco u g th w o l d
r
nt c
e
gov
e
rn n t of w
m m
e
h ic h p
t viol nt nd wh n N p ol on
e
e
c is t
r
h b t
os t
.
lly
a e
e
o
e
e e e
ea e
a e
e es
ar
a
e o
.
(Ab idg d ) r e
n a m
Th su cc ss of th Ab ol itionists nd th i
e
e lli s und th
e
of th R p ublic n p ty h p odu c d its l ogic l ' ul t
e e
e
a ar as
a
r
e r a
e
e ,
a
er
re s
e
s
m m
,
l dy Th y h v f l ong y
a re a b n sowing d gons t th
e a e or e a rs ee ra ee
m
.
and h v fin lly g t c op of
a e d n Th Union S i is a o a r ar e e . e , r,
dissolv d Th t i n cco p lish d f ct in th p th of this dis
e . a s a a e a e a
41 2 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKI NG
in a ll ich th ir in titutions xist outsid th p
the S ta tes i n wh e s e e e ro
t ti n of f d
ec
re
o
m
l l w ; with h ving id d nd b tt d in u
e e ra
ction f o within nd n i n f o without with the Vi w of
r
a
a
s
1 v as o
a
r m a e a a e
m
e
e
s r
subv
th ir fi
e
ting tho
er
id s F
i n titu tion
re s
nd d
th s c u s th y h v t k n up
e .
ol ting th i ho s nd
se
or s
s
e e a
s,
se
a
e
es
a
a
e a e
e r
ar m e
.
a
a
m
I h v st t d th t th di cont nt d S t t s of thi U nion h ve
a
a
d nd d nothing b ut cl
e
e
e
a e
a
ea r ,
e e
s
a
r
e
s
e
a r
s
m e
a ,
a
e
e
high t j u dici l t ib u n l s of th ir co unt y ; rights ol d
C on stitution ;
es
ight which
a
p l nt d up on th
r
r th n th
i ut b l
s
a e
a re a
r
e m
m
e
m
er a
a
e
e
m
th good nd th wi
e
inju u conf d t S t t
re o
of ll count i
a
d nd no p ow t inj u ny n W d nd no ight t
e a
r W d
n d of
e
e
er
ll c ntu i s W
nd no ight t int rf
e ra e
se
o
a
re a
a es .
mm m
e
r es, a
a
e
.
a
e e
a
r
a
e
o
r e
r
.
e ere
e
o
m mm
.
m
,
m
.
,
sto s i ts lf R fus th n d t k wh t yo u
'
re re e . e n g t e e , a a e a ca e .
Wh t do th b ls d nd ? Fi t th t th p op l of th
e
a
Unit d S t t s sh ll h v n qu l ight t
a e
e re e
ig t nd ttl
a a
e
e a
a
e a
rs
r
,
o e
a
m e
ra e a
e e
se
e
e
in th p s nt
p op ty th y
r
e
er m m
ny futu
re e
y p os
cqui d T rito i s with wh t v
s (inc lu ding
e
or a
l v s) nd b s cu ly
a se s
re a re er
S a e
r e
a
,
e e
a e
m
re
er
m
,
p ot c t d in it p
r e e c bl nj oy nt until uch T ritory y
s ea ea e e e s er a
b
a
e a
s h s
a
y d m m m
d itt d s S t t into th Union wi th without l v y
e
Th t i u T rito i l d
t
s o
in on
a
e
n q u l
a
i ty w
e er i t
a
h ll
nd W h v fought f this T ri
r er
x i ting S
r a
a e
t t e,
e
a
a
e
e
.
a
e
,
a e
a
or
e s
or
S a
a es
er
er
.
,
”
to y wh n b l ood w
r its p ic
e W h v p id f it wh n gol d as r e e a e a or e
m
.
w s its p ic
a W h v n t p op o d t x clu d you th you
r e e a e o r se o e e o
m
.
,
m
.
m
m m
.
m m
,
m
, ,
m
,
m m m
cond p op osition i th t p op ty in sl v h ll b
m
“
Th e se r s, a r er a es S a e
entitl d t th e p o t c tion f o
o th gov n
e sa nt of th Unit d
e r e r e er e e e
St t in ll of it d p t nt v ywh which th C n titu
a es, a s e ar e s, e er e re , e o s
tion conf s th p ow
p ovid d no thing h
r e
up on it t xt nd t ny oth p op ty
er e
in cont in d sh ll b con t u d t l i it
er
ere a
o e
e
e
a
o a
e s r
er
e
r
o
er
m ,
a boli h
e
t in th
or re s ra
m a
s
ight n w b l onging t v y S t t t p ohibit
, or e s a
d nd of th co on gov n nt t u its g nt d p ow t
e r
t b l ish nd p o t ct l v y wi thin its li i ts
e m
m W
a
o
r
e
er
e
m e
S a er
o
o e
se
er
ra
a e
e
m o r
.
”
ers
,
e
o
as
r
m
p ot c t u p op ty
e o w ll s you s F
as
It h s b n t x d by you n d ol d by you f
a ee
r r
u ch you do Thi v y p op ty i subj ct t t x t on
a e
thi p o t ction w p y
er
t x s
.
as e
s
a
a
er
s
r
r .
er
or
s
or
s
a
r
e
e
e
.
o a a i
e a
.
r e r m
iv d f o th Unit d S t tes W cl i th t th gov rn nt e e a e a m a e e m e
m
.
,
whil th C on titution
e e cogni u p op s ty f th p u p os s re z es o r r er or e r e
of t x tion h ll giv it th
a a , p ot ction th t it giv
S a you e e sa e r e a es rs .
th co
Ou ght it n t t b
e itt m
m ? Y u
id no Y ou n to
y no
rs sa
e
er
e
.
o e
a
r
rea
se
m
.
mm a
s r
o e m s e
e
r
e
e
e s
m m m
.
, .
is th p hil o op hy of th
e d n wh h v p ung up in thi
s e ar e e o a e S r s
m
country D you k
r
.
; th t will d a
as
nd y bl ood
m
e o s
er e
r a
a
er
mm e
e
a
a ax
m
,
a n d will n t p o t ct ? I w oul d
o th r th p op ul tion of
e e ra er se e e a
y n t
su p p o t f
iv S tat l
n h ou
r
id i fe t b n th h
a e d th
u ch gov n nt P ot ction i th p ic
or o e
n t
ah y h o u
r s
l d s x ee
a m e
er
ea
e
er so
r e
a e
s
S
e r e
m m
.
of ob di nc v yw h e e in ll coun t i
e e It i th onl y thing
er ere , a r es s e
m
.
th t a k gov n nt sp ct bl D ny it n d you n n t
a es er e re e a e e a ca o
m
.
h v f
m ubj cts citi n ; you y h v l v s
m
a e ree s e or ze s a a e S a e
m
.
W d e nd in th n xt p l c
e a th t p on co itting e e a e,
“
a e rs s
mm mm
,
cri g in t sl v p op ty in n S t t nd fl in g t noth
es a a s a e r er o e a e, a ee o a er ,
S h ll b
r m
a
m
d liv d up in th
e e
c i s g in t oth p op ty nd th t th l w of th S t t
e a a s
nnere p on co itting
er r
e sa
er
e
a
a er a s
a e
ers
a
m s
s
e a e
m
,
Th t i a noth n of th d nd of n xt i t nd
s a er o e bl e e a s a e re s a a re e
m
.
m
B u t th non l v hol ding S t t e t ch ou t th i o th nd
co p ct h v t dil y fu d if th c i in l onl y tol n g o
a s, a
s a
e s ea
e
re se
a e s, rea
e r
er
m
s
a
o e r
s e a
a s a
e r
m
,
a n d th t n g o w a l v t d liv hi up It was fu d
e r as a s a e, o e er . re se
twic on th e qui ition of y wn S t t e re l ong tw nty tw
s o a e as as e -
o
y ea rs a g It w fu d by K nt nd by F i fi ld gov no
o a s re se e a a r e er rs
m
.
,
of M in nd p nting I b li v
a e, a ch of th th n f d l
re re se e e e, ea e e e e ra
m
,
m
.
,
m m m
.
s id it w
a n t g in t th l w of N w Y o k t
as o a t l a n g o nd s e a s e r o s ea a e r a
m
,
th fo h woul d n t co p ly with th d nd H
e re re e d o e e a . e a e a
s i il fu l t V i gini Y t th
ar re sa u conf d t ;
o r a e ese a re o r e era es
m
.
thes u i t S t t ! Th i th b g in ; th is th
e a re o r s s er a es ere s e ar a ere e
co p ct Y u h v w o n t it B oth th gov no w o
t ito Th
a .
e se
o
n to f o N w Yo k w o t it Th gov no a
a
rm e s
r
r
e
o .
r s re
ese
o
er
e
rs s
er
re
r
m
. .
m
.
th e by o th Y t th y t lk t u of t on ; nd I supp os
a s e e a o s re a s a e
m
.
th y xp ct t whip f
e e e n into lo in g uch b th n ! Th y
o ree e v s re re e
will h v good ti in doing it !
a e a e
S up
r e
m
ca r i d ut Th Constitution ys sl v s
Court s ys
re
o
e
.
; th C on titution sa ys s a
p op rty ; th
e
Th th ft of so e
sa
s
a e a re
o .
r e
e e
e
414 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
l v s is c i ; th y
s a e a
“
r m
ub j ct tt of f l onious a sp t e e a re a s e -
m a er e or a
tion B y th t xt n d l tt
e
.
o
a
a
e
e s
er
r o
e s
a a
a
e
ree
r e
o
m
.
,
m m
. .
I v e w p ju
e r sa h ow v b l d nd n k d wh coul d n t
a er rer , e er a a a e o o
m m
,
inv nt o e p t xt t p ll i t hi c i
s e wh coul d n t f
re e o a a e s r e , or ”
o o or
m
,
xt md nd of n xt i t nd m m
.
Y t thi
e qui nt of th C on titution i noth n of th
s re re e e s s a er o e e
e re e e bl a s a e re s a a re e .
m
,
m
,
N p on h l d t rvic
0 l bo in n S t t un d th
ers e o se e or a r o e a e, er e
l w th of c p in g into noth
a
ny l w
a
s
g ul tion th
a
e re h ll in con qu nc of
in b di ch g d f o u ch
or re
, es a
ic a ere
a
e
er ,
s
S
ar
a
e
,
mm r
se
s
e
se rv
e
e
m m
,
l bo b ut h ll b d liv d up on cl i of th p ty t
or a r, S a e e e re a e ar o
wh o uch vic l bo s y b du ser e or a r a e e
”
m
.
Thi l ngu g i p l in
w y fa
W hington ti
as
s
th fi t fo ty y
or
n
a
tw
nd v ybody und
e
st ood it th
a
of you gov n nt In 1 793 in rs
d t c y u t thi p o i ion
’
s
e
mm
sa s
e, a
r
a
ac
, a
ea rs
as
e er
a ss e
r
o a rr
er m
er
o
e .
s r v
e
s
,
e
p .
It w dop t d un ni ou ly in th S n t of th Unit d S t t
as a e a s e e a e e e a es,
a nd n ly in th Hou of R p nt tiv s Nobody th n
ea r so e se e re se a e e
m
.
h d inv nt d p t xt t
a e ho w th t th Con titution did n t
e re e s o S a e s o
n n g o l v It w cl ; it w p l in N t onl y th
ea a e r S a e . as ea r as a . o e
f d l cou t but ll th l oc l cou t in ll th S t t d cid d
e era r s, a e a r s a e a es , e e
th t thi w as
a con titution l oblig tion H w i it n w ? Th
s a s a a o s o e
m
m
.
o me
re r
re e e
s
o
a
e
e r
e e a
e
citi n ; p h p th y w
th n I do
a
ze
Y u
s
y ch g w hi t m
er
m m
ight th y kn ow n noth b tt
n wi th t
a
oon f l ony
s
a
e e re r
ar e a
,
e
e
a
o e a
rea s or
er
e
e er
m
.
, ,
or oth c i n d yo u do n t
er r qui ny t i l by ju y b fo
e, a o re re a r a r e re
h i giv n u p ; th
e
e
e
a
s
l g l ly ch g d with c i
i nothing t d t
d liv d up up on d nd Whit p op l
ere
e
n d th t h fl d
ar
in b u t th t h is
n d th n h i t b
e
d liv d up v y
ere
e m
am r
a
s
e a
e
a
o
e
e
e er
e a re
e , a
e
e
e
ere
e
a
s
e
o
e
er
e
m
.
d y in thi w y ; b ut n t l v
a s Sl v bl ck p op l you y
a o S a es . a es , a e e, sa ,
a re e ntitl d t t i l by ju y ; nd in thi w y ch
e o h v b n
r a r a s a s e es a e ee
es
a
s a
e
s
e e ra
m a
a
.
er m m
a
e
a
s .
a
a o r
m
.
t nt n d h v
e v b n cont nt t u t in it Whil I doub t its
a a e e er ee e o s s a . e
p rf ction whil I do n t b li v it w
e e , g od c o p ct nde o e e e as a o a , a
41 6 THE ART or PUB LIC S PE AKI NG
(1905 )
MY FELL OW CI IZE NS
n f
to b e tha k ul tha
“
T
n ou
—
i
o l on
No p e p e v o c u
id v n ly in
rs , a nd th s is sa
ea rth ha e
ii
re ere t ,
m re a se
no sp r t
of bo fu n in
a st l ess our own stre ng i g i ud
th , b ut w th ra t t e to the
G eriv of ood
v n bl d
G , Who ha s esse us w th the
ha e e a e us to a h e e so a r e a
in
ha p p ess .
c iv
bl d
l g
i
m
condi i n
u of l ing
ic
ea s re
t o s wh h
we l b e-
a nd
o l
To u s a s a p e p e it ha s b ee ng n d ra te found ion
to la y the at s of
our n ion l lif in
at a e con in n
a n ew t e t . We a re the he rs
i of the
g v
a e s, a nd y et we ha e ha d to p a y few of n i ic in
the p e al t es wh h
ol d coun i x c d
tr es a re e a te b y the ea ha d d nd of ygon ci i a b e v il za
tion We ha e not b ee
v n oblig d fig e to xi nc g n
ht for our e ste e a a i st
m
.
a ny a e li n c ra e ; a n d y et our l if c d
e ha s a ll e vigo
for the o r a nd eff rt
i ou
w th t whi h the c nlia di vi u i
er a n d ha r er y
rt es w ther a wa .
.
nd u c condi ion
U er s h t oul d
s it w f ul f il d
b e our own a t if we a e ,
a nd the s u cc ic v
e ss wh h we ha e ha d in u cc
the p a st , the s c ess whi h
we con d n ly b li v
fi e t e e e thefu u ill ing oul d c u in
t re w br sh a se us
m
,
no f ling of v ingl o y
ee a r , b ut ra ther a d biding li i n
e ep a n d a rea za t o
of
resp
tha t
on ibil i y ic
und
s
er a
f
a ll tha t li e h a s
t wh h is
f gov n n
ree
o
ou
d
ffere us ; a
er m m
rs ;
e t a
fu l ckno l dg n of
fix d d
a nd a
g y o l
l a
e in ion
e te rm
we
iv
at
i ht p e p e ca n thr e b est,
o
e t
to S h w
the
a l ik
uc
g d
e a s re a r
M h ha s b ee
m n giv n
ing of
the th
e
s
m body
the
to u s, a nd uc
ing of
a nd the th
l ig fully
h wil r ht
oul
s the s
b e ex
.
p ected r
—
fo us
a n d we c a n S h r
.
ikni
We ha e t es to thers a nd t es to rse es
v du i
e ther
o
We ha e b e
v co
du i
m g
ou lv
n ion
e a re a t at
m m
.
,
fo c d by
r e f c of g n in o l ion
the a t its rea t ess t re a t o to the ther na
tion ofs the ea rth a nd we, u v b
st b eha e a s esee o l i
s a p e p e w th
suc h reS p onsib ilitie s
o d
b e on e of co di lr
o
T wa r a ll ther a t
.
n ion l g
inc f i nd i
a a nd s
s, a r e a nd s
e re r e sh p
ll
u
mm
We o
i ud u
a , ou r a tt t
onl
st S h w n ot
e m st
m
.
in od
ou r w r s b ut in d d
ou r n ly d i ou
ee s tha t we a re ea r est es r s of
se cu i g i good i ll by c ing o d
rn the r w a t t wa r the in i i of j u
a Sp r t st
a nd g n ou cogni ion of
e er s re t i ig
a ll the r r hts
m
.
B ut j u ic
st e a n d g n o i y in n ion
e er s t a at in as individu l
an a ,
m m
,
Wh e e er a re ul to re ra r
il v c f f in f o onging o
wr u
the rs, we st b e
no l in i n
e ss s ste t tha t w e a re not wr ong d ou lv e rse es i
. We w sh
p e a c e ; b u t w ei w sh th ec of j u ic
p ea e st e , t c of ig ou
h e p e a e r hte s
n ess . We w sh it b e a se we th
i c u ink ig bc u
it is r ht, a nd n ot e a se
we a re a ra f id . No weak n ion at c ig ly
tha t a ts r ht j u ly a nd st
o d v
sh ul v c u
e e r ha e f
a se to ea r , a nd no ong o str ou d v
p w e r sh l e er
bl
b e a e to S
Our re a t
b ut st ll mm
ingl
l ion
i o i o n
e u s out a s a s
s with the o
ub j c
o
ther p w ers
l ion
of
in ol n gg ion
e t fo r s e t a
m
o ld i o n
the w r
ong ou lv
re ss
a re
u
m .
p rta t ;
S ch
re p rta t a re ou r re a t s a rse es.
APPE NDICE S 41 7
m m
, ,
se n du ing
e c ntu y n d qu t of it n tion l lif i in it
r a e r a a a r er s a a e, s ev a
bly acco p ni d by lik g owth in th p obl which
a vr
e a e r e r e s a re e e
m
b fo v y n tion th t i t g tn
e re e
ns both p on ibil ity nd d ng
ea
erPow
Ou fo f th
inv i b ly
f cd
re s
a
s
a r ses
a
o
a
re a
er
e ss .
r re a
er
ers
ar a
a e
m
.
C
ore see
h ng a
lif i both com
M odern
w ought by th
es
.
b ing N v b fo h v m
of th h lf c ntu y f lt in v y fib of u oci l nd p olitic l
e
xp i nt th t of dm
e
m
a
n t i d
e
e
er
r
v t nd fo id bl n
e
a re
re
e
a e
e
e
er
r e
er
so
o
as
r s
a
a a
rm a e a
a
und th fo mof d m
.
h v t ol d f
a
d v l op d t
e
e
e
er
u m
v y high d g
e
oc tic p ublic Th condition which
e
v l ou
u
r
o
s
t i l w ll b ing which h v
or o
n gy lf li nc nd
a
r
er
a
ar
e
e
ra
s
e
m
ree
re
a er a
o r e
.
er
e -
e
e
se -
,
re a
s
e, a
a e
in p bl f om m
,
Up on th
e rs
g d th w lf of m
e s e ss o r e er mm e e e s o
lf gov nm
a s reg d u wn w lf b ut
ar s o ro nk ind e a re , a s re ar s e e a re a .
If w f il th c u
e a ff , e nt th oughout th w o ld
a se o re e S e -
er e r e r
wil l ock t it found tion
r n d th
o fo u s p on ib ility is a s, a ere re o r re s s
h vy t ou
ea lv s t th wo ld it i t d y nd t th g n
, o rse e , o e r as s o -
a , a o e e era
tion y t u nbo n
s e r .
Th i no good
ere on why w houl d f th futu but
s re a s e S ea r e re ,
r rse es e ra e r e s e re s, or
ea r
ing p u p o t olv th r
o a
ight
se
r a
o s e
e se
e mm ar
r e
.
s e e , c
f om
Y t ft e ll th th p ob l
a er a n w th th t k t b fo
o e r e s a re e o e as s se e re
m
, ,
u diff
s th t k
er t b for u f th w h fou nd d n d
e as s se e re o r a e rs , o e a
and p
e
m
v d thi R p ublic th p i it in which th t k u t
b und t k n nd th
re ser
er a p ob l
e s
f c d if u duty i t b w ll
e a
e
ese r
,
e m
e S
s
r
a e o r
e se
s
as
o
s
e e
s
m
,
m m
.
t it of ch
ra s ct th t p op l which
a ra k t gov n it fi i
er a s a e e see s o er s a a rs
aright th ough th fr ly xp r d will of th f n wh
e ee e re sse e ree e o co
po
th
itse
e m
n of th e
.
B ut w h v f ith th t w e h ll n t p ov f l
a e
e m t a
ighty p t Th y did th i wo k ; th y l ft us
o i of a
as
e s
.
a
e
o r
e r
e a se
r
mm
o e
e
r es
e
th p l ndid h it g w n w nj oy
e S e W in u tu n h v n
er a e e o e . e o r r a e a
u d confi d nc th t w h ll b bl t l v thi h it g
a ss re e e a e s a e a e o ea e s er a e
unw t d nd nl g d t u chil d n chil d n
m m
’
as e a e ar e o o r re s re .
T do o w u t ho w n t so , ly in g t c i but in th
e s S , o e re re a r se s , e
ev y d y ff i of lif th qu liti of p ctic l int llig nc of
er -
a a a rs e, e a es ra a e e e,
cou g of h dihood nd ndu nc nd bov ll th p ow
ra
of d votion te
e,
l ofty id l which d g t th
ar
o a n wh
, a
ea
e
,
ra e, a
m a e
, a
rea
e a
e
,
m e
e
er
o
41 8 THE ART or PU B LIC S PE AKING
m
founded this Rep ublic in the days of W shing ton ; a wh h ic a d m e
g e t th
r a
Ab ah
n who p
Lincol n
r a m
s rv d this Rep ub lic in
e e
.
re e e the a d ys of
m m
.
is n t a go od thing t s
o citi s g ow t disp op ortiona te sp d o ee e r a r ee
r l tiv l y t
wh
the
e a
o o
m
th cou ntry ; f
n wh til l f
e
wn th ir littl ho
e s th
s
th s
nd th m
o
m m
ll l nd own e s th
e
e
fo t very l g ext nt
n of th s oil h v hith rt o
o ar
e
ad
n
e ,
e
or
a
e
e
e re
a
e
re
a
o a
a e
r
ar e
,
e
e
m e
e
m
, ,
m mm
,
m
,
tu e no tt ctiv s in n nt d ng r of
’
a tt r h w i i
s
'
s
u
jl g
c r e o a ra e, e a e
mm
,
iz
m
.
B ut f o i p o t nt th n th qu stion of th
ar re u tion r a a e e e occ a
N o m
m tt
r
wh t th t occ up tion
a er
e
yb m
of u citiz ns is th qu stion of h w th i f ily lif is n u t d
o
m l ong s th is
a
e
a l
e
a
o
a
e r
e, a s
a
m a
e
e re
co c e
a rea
.
ho
t
nd
ne no th
o o
l ong s thos wh
e a
consequ nc wh th th e
ask up th t ho e do th ir duty
em
t th i n ighbo s n d t th S t t it is of
a er ,
e
o
n s t d is p li d in th cou ntry r
a
inor
er
e r
e
e
e
a
o
’
r
a
a
ra
e
e
o
a
e
e
a e,
e
e
m o
in th city wh th it c ll s f the wo k of th h nds f th
e e er a or r e a or or e
m
,
wo k of th h d
r e ea
m m
.
N p il d up w lth no S p l ndo of
o e -
t ri l growth no b ril
ea e r a e a
m m m
, ,
li na of rtistic d v l op nt will p
ce a n ntly v il ny p op le
e e e er a e a a a e
m
,
m mm
, ,
m m
,
t b
o nd t b ring up s th y sho ul d b b ou ght up h l thy
ea r , a o a e e r , ea
chil d n ound in body ind nd ch ct
re , s nd nu rou s , , a a ra er , a e
e nough s th t th c h ll inc s nd n t d c
o a e ra e S a rea e a o e rea se
m
.
w o l d ndu
r
ese
nd whic h no
e
mm
ount of p og ss n lt
res , a
of th is th t uth th t th p i y duty of th husb nd i t b
e r
On
a em a
r ar
r re
e
ca a
a
er .
s o
e
e
th hoe
mm
k th b dwinn f his wife nd child n nd
e a e r, e re a
m er or a
m re a
-
m m
,
th t th p i
a ry du ty of th
e wor n is t b th h lp t the
a e a o e e e a e,
hou s wif a nd e oth Th wo
e, n houl d h v p l e du c er e a S a e a
mm e a
-
.
ti n l dv n t g s ; b u t s v in x c p tion l c
o a a a a s the n u st a e e e a a se e a
b
for a
nd h n
e, a
lif l ong c
d n t b nd g n lly ought n t t b t in d
s th
e
S e ee
f ily b dwinn ; nd th fo a reer a
o e, a
e a m e era
rea er
o
a
o
,
e,
ere
ra e
re ,
F m sp W a shing ton f
m
1 ro his ee ch in on M a r ch 1 3 , 19 05 , b e o re the Na tiona l
Cong re ss of M other s . Printe df ro a co p f y u rni sh d b y th
e e p re s i d en t for thi s
coll e ction , in re sp son e to a req ue st .
420 TH E ART or PUB LIC S PE AKIN G
m
.
,
th l w of w o thy l if f
e a th n s fr th w o n ; th n ith
e or e a a or e a o e er
th ffo t n
e e th lf sa rifi
r or y b th e se f th n s f -
c ce a e e sa e or e o e a or
typ m m m
th oth e
m e m I do n t in th l
m
er . t b li v
of wo n in th w o n wh sub its t g o s nd l ong
a
n th p ti nt G ri l d
o
e
e ea s
a
e
o
e e I e
o
a
r
e
s a
se a
m m
,
continu d ill t t nt ny o th n I b li v n
e re a e n wh a re a e e e I a a o
m
,
m
m
S lfi hn s t ow d th
e s
mm
chil d n wh houl d ous v ry t nd f ling in hi n tu
re
es
o S
l ck of t nd n s tow d th
ar l ck
ar
e
e
a
e e
e
e
er
er
es
ee
ar
s
e
a
a
re .
m
, ,
m
,
up ight oul
r s .
m m m
I b li v n th w o
e e n k p ing h
e I lf e p ct j u t I b li v a ee e r se res e s as e e e
-
in th
m
b li v in th
e
i g
e m
n doing
e
e n
I b li v
a
n d ind
n h ights j u t s u ch as I
d littl o ; nd I g d
e a
so
S,
.
a
e e e I
ee a
er r
e re
s a
a re ar
a rr a p rtn ship in which
e as a ch p tn i in hono
a er ea ar er s r
mm m
,
th e r s a I epl r a e re ar is a er
a nd g t
m
individu l ight n c
duty i h d you
f duty w ll don th n f th in i t nc up on
rea e r
a y th thi t
r
or
s,u t oft n b Y ou
e essa r
e
o
e,
s,
a
oo ,
or
s
e s s e
e e .
e
r
s p on ibil ity g
ar t ; b ut g t t of
r re s ll is s rea rea e s a
m
,
If l
m m
m
p c t nd d i tion f you
ee re s e a a ra or .
m
Into th w o n k p ing i co itt d th d tiny of th ’
e a s ee s e e es e
m m mm
g n tion t co
e
oth
era
m
ut e rs
ft u In b inging up you chil d n you
s
b th t whil it i
s
o
re
e a
nti l t b l oving
e
er
er
s
a
. r
e s e sse a
r
o
re
e
a
a nd m
n d t nd
ff ction
e
a m
it i no l er
ut n t b t td
e
nti l t b wi nd fi
s
int ch ng bl t
s
F ooli hn
ess e sse
; o e
a
re a
o
e
e
as
se a
er
r
a
.
ea e
s
er
ess
s
m
a nd b
m m
id t ining you on n d d ught in th oft nd
er
m
es es
ar
a
m m
qu liti which in ft lif th y will u ly n d S o child n
es
s
e
e
re
m
th lm
m m n i
e e ss a m
ight v n wh n th i u ounding
e
n
e e o t unfo tun t ; n v
ount d p nd up on th f ily t ining
e se a
e r s rr
e e
s a re
s
s
e
r
a
a e
ra
e er
m
.
If you
a
m m m
oth th ough w kn b ing up you on t b lfi h
n d t think onl y of th
o
e rs
lv you will b
r
p on ib l f u ch e
ea
se es,
e ss r
e re s
r s
s
s o
e or
e se s
sa
m
dn e ss a
If you l t you d u ghtm
ong th w o n wh
e
t b th i wiv e
g ow up idl p h p und th i
r a
in th futu e
er s r
o a re o e
e,
e r
er a s
es
er
e
e
re
s
.
t k n
a
e
u l t oth
m m
se e ss
ep
m
S
ion th t you you lv h v h d t wo k h d
I
th y h ll k now onl y n j oy a
nd bu d n
o
re ss
nt you
t th lv
ers a
p p ing th
a
T c h boy
t b
nd
e
as
r e
e
s
,
o
rse
e
es
a re
se
a
es
e
re ar
a
ea
o
e
r
s a
o
ar
e
m
.
gi l lik th t th y
r s a e n t t l ook fo w d t liv p nt in
a e a re o o r ar o es S e
a
a
m
T c h th
ea m
voiding difficulti b ut t liv p nt in ov co ing diffi culti
m m m m
th t w o k f
cu b u t bl ing ;
r se
e
kt
th
a
a
k th h p p y t
ess
es ,
lv nd l o f oth i n t r
k th
,
see
or
o
e
o
es S
se
a
e
es a
e e
a s
er
a
or
o
e rs ,
a e
s
e
es
o
.
,
APPE NDICE S 42 I
t in h
olution t w t ucc f o l bo nd dv ity nd t do
th i whol du ty b fo
e r G d nd t
e
o
on nd h d ught i th ic fo tun t
n
re s
S u ly h wh e
s
n thu s
ong w o n
re
e ss
o m r
a
a
o
r a
a .
a
re
ers
S
m m e
, a
o ca
o
m m
ra er s sa er a ers s r e r a e a e .
Th ny good p op l wh
e re a re
ing of chil d n n d f th w h v th
h
re
d ni d th up
a
p ct n d y p thy
a
bl
or
e
e se
e
m e
o a re
a e
e
e re s
e
e
e s
m a
re
s
e
a
e ss
mm m
,
a lw y du t tho wh f o no f ult of th i wn
a s e o se d ni d o, r a e r o , a re e e
m
.
wh d l ib o t ly fo go
e th
e ra bl ing wh th f o viciou
e re es ese e ss s, e er r s
n e ss , col dn h ll ow h t dn
ess , lf indul g nc
S a -
ea r e ess , se -
e e, or er e
mm
f ilu t p p ci t
a re o ight th diff nc b tw n th ll
i p o t nt nd th uni p o t nt why uch c tu
r a a
a re
e
a e
it m
ar
r a
e
-
e re
s
e
a
e
m rea
ee
re
e
er
a
s
mm
, ,
cont p t h ty e n y vi it d up on th
as ea r oldi wh un as a s e e s er o r s
a w y in b ttl
a up on th a n wh e, fu t w o k f th
or e a o re se s o r or e
s upp o t of tho d p nd nt up on hi nd wh th bl bodi d
r se e e e , a o o a e -
e
i y t con t nt t t in idl n th b d which oth p ovid
mm m m
s e e o ea e e ss e rea ers r e .
o n i
Th
e
xi t nc of w o n of thi typ fo
e e
ea sa
d i of vi ion
s so
s e
m m
unp l nt nd unwhol o f tu of od n lif If ny
t f il t
a
e n of th o t
wh t tho ou ghly unl ov l y
s as
es
e
o a
e ea
o see
s
re s
e
a
m
r
a
s o
er
r
e
e .
e
a
e
s
m
,
mm m
Unfo tun t ly it w oul d b unt u t
es
xi t only in A ic n nov l Th t it l o xi t in A i
s s
r y th t thi a
er
e
a e s
e
a
r
a s
e o sa
e s s m a
er
s
m m
.
ho
ee
m mm m m
,
n incit
e, a
m
f i ly pp ll ing ; f
a
mmm
a re
b n b n t ny n tion cu t oci ty
nt t
a
a r
e
y divo c i n w it v h
i d unh p p in
o a
e
a
nd t i
e
a
n c t th
o lity
a
o
,
a rr e
or ea s
a rse
a
o s
r e
e ss a
e
s
,
o
a
o
as
e a
e
e
ra
er
o
as
e
m m
,
a n vil thing f
e n nd till o hid ou vil f w o n
or e a a s re e s e or e .
e see
o
m m
,
m
,
a m
Thi s
o l t ch
n w ho
ra
m
p of
ea
a ion n,d c ll ing h o
ctu lly t b fo oth th id l n t of t in
er , a
u l dseh v d h i
r
a
e ss
se
a
e re
a
ers
S
e ea
a e
o
a e
ra
m m m
,
m
,
e r o
e
a e
r
e
, a
r
m
,
b ut fo oo th of k p ing th nu b
, rs , of chil d n li it d th t
ee e er re so e a
th y ight t t f w good thin g ! Th w y t giv chil d ”
e as e a e s e a o e a
a f i ch nc in lif i n t t b ing it up in luxu y b ut t s th t
a r a e e s o o r r , o ee a
42 2 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
ki d of ining ill giv ng of c c
f om vi l qu ion of n ion l l f
it ha s the n tra tha t w e it stre th ha ra ter .
vn g ding
m
E e a p a rt r the ta est at a i e , a n d re a r
m
only ind vidu l in of c ild n lv i
m
the i a tere st the h re the se e s , ha p p
n in
m
e ss
giv n
u n
the tr e se se is a h
of l y f ily of mdre
m
un dfol d o co
re a p t to
l y ind d c il d n
e to a n y
m
n e b er a he a th a h ea th h
e
g e re ,
-
m m
ll b oug ll du c d ug y u if
we r ht u p , w e e a te , b u t ta ht tha t the st S h t
m lv u i by i
fo r the se e s , st win the r own w a y a n d , the r own e x er
t
m
ion k i
a e th e r o wn p s t
m
o i ion of u fuln n
e ss , tha it is a p t to
s s se
co o o
e to th se w h se p a re ts the n lvse v c d on
e s ha e a te v
a n d ha e
tra ein d i c il d n
the r h re to a ct on , lfi
the se sh a n d s r o did oy the r
ol
mof l if good ing
m
“ ”
tha t the wh e en d e is to ta ste a few th s .
The
for the m
in l ig nc of
te l e
st r m mm
e
o u di n y n l oc e ta r
the re a r isk on
e ta p r
i
a p a r w th its
o d v o n
ess w ul
o li y
ha e S h w the
ra t ;
k
S p e a e r tha t if v g f ily
the a era e a ic
in wh h there a re h c il d n re
con i d
ta n e b ut tw o h c il d n re n ion
the a t ol o d d c
a s a wh e w ul e rea se
in o p p ul a t ion i y
so ra p dl in
tha t g n ion
two or thre e e era t o d
s it w ul
v y d v y on
er e se r e dl be the p oin of x inc ion
t e t t o l
, so tha t the p e p e
who ha d a te
p l c
a e t o o t
c d on i b
h ers w th
th s a se a nd se sh
i b v ra er a n d m
lfi doc in o d giving
o obu id l
re r
tr e w ul
st ea s
.
be
o d
Nor w ul
uc h a re sul t b e in g
a ny wa y re retta bl c ci d
e ; for a ra e tha t p ra t se
c i d c uicid — oul d
s
s u c doc in
h t r e — c
tha t is , a ra e tha t p ra t se ra e s e w
by conclu iv ly o u fi xi
m
the re s e S h w tha t it w a s n t to e st , a n d tha t it
b
ha d etter giv l c o l
e p a e to p e p e who ha d n ot fo go n r i y
tte the p r ar
la ws
To su
c
m
of i b ing
the r e
n
.
up , the , the w h e
ind vidu l f
i
ol m i l noug
a tter is S
l u of o
m mp e e i
h If e ther
o l
.
a ra e or a n a p re e rs the p ea s re re ef f rt e ss
of lf ind g nc i fini ly d in ni l y
com
ea se , se -
ul e e , to the n te e ep e r , the fi te
g l u
hi her p ea s re s tha t o
e to th se who kno oil
w the t a n d the
in lo j oy of d du y l don
individu l m
wea r e ss , b ut a s the , ha r t wel e
, why , tha t
c
ra e or tha t
l ding l bo v id
of ea a if e
a
th a p
u in vi b ly in
m
st e
ignobl
a nd
ta
.e m
N0 a n a n dno o n
n ly
the e n d p a y the p e a t
w a m
reall y o y of
w rth the n a e ca n c a re fo r theli n o l ly
fe S p e t s e or
c fly in
e
hie
x c ion l c
ep t a
the a void nc of i k
a e
i
r s
mo
a se s the p r ze s w rth ha
oub l
a nd tr
ving in li
l bo
e a nd a
u m
fe
v in
r Sa e
.
id
st b e p a
m lif of o k
st b e a e o y
w r for a w rth
m
en d , a nd o din i y of o k o
r ar l w r o
re for n
thers tha on for lfe s se
’
—
.
o n k is ot ea s y no k o doing ta s w rth y
m
is ea s
’
The w a s ta s n
doing n don
m ll co
e it, there S ha
b u t in it, a n d whe S he ha s e to her
ig
the h hest a n d h oli j oy kno n
est w to nkinda ving don
; a n d ha e
ll v
it , S he sha ha e the rewa r p r p hes e d o i d in c i u S r p t re ; for her
u b nd
h s a a n d he r c il d n
h o l
re , ye s , a n d a ll p e p e who real ze tha ti
her w r o k li es a t the fo nd ion of
u at n i n l
a ll at o a inha pp ess a n d
g n
rea t ess , S ha ll i c l
r se u p a nd a l her b esse l d .
424 TH E ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
m
m
, ,
M yl nd Ju n 1 9 12 ar a e,
m
.
,
Th N w J
rea
m
t iu p h nt l e d
r
e
a
y d l g tion i co is ion d t p nt th
a
e
g t c us of D oc cy and t Off you it ilit nt nd
e
chol n t c h l t n ;
e rse
a
e
er a S t t
e e
n nt
ra
a
a r, o
s
o
a
er
ar a
s
a
e
as
,
o re
a s a es
s mm re s e
a
a
a
o
e
m m
,
mm
a
o l i tici n w h
nc nd d t u ction ;
e a
c
a n t u
, ct odifi
i tl
es r
o
m
t
db t
in
m m
w oi th
nd con u
o u
s rt di tu b
t
s,
a re s s
es ,
e ss
re s ra
e a er
s,
m
a s m
m s
a e
r
m
df e a
t of t t nt n t
a s er
of h ct er
s a e
n d l iv
C ;
co op olit n nd co p o it of A ic ; g ntl n of unp
s a
op hi t ; hu nit i n n t
a ra
a m m
n wh o
e ,
ind i t onc
e rs a
o
s
a
e
e re s
es a
er
s
a
a
a
a e
se mm
a
e
ar a
a
s a
, o
re
a
e
m
t nti u h bit
e o wi th th f
s a of G d in hi h t n d th l ov of
s,
nk ind xhibit d in v y t of hi lif ; bov ll p ublic
a e e e
e
er
ea r
ac
o
s
s
mm
e
ea r
a
a
e a
e
a
e
se r
w nting—
a
Wood ow Wil on
a
t chl
r
m
v nt wh h b n t i d t th utt o t nd n ve found
o as
unconqu r bl th ulti t D oc t
a
s
ess ,
ee r e o
e a
e
e,
er
e
s a
a e
e
e m
r
ra ,
m
.
N w J
in u p io
e yh
r Cre
erse
m
on f h cou
p ign of ilifi
se s
L t u s n t b d c iv d
a s re a s
ti n co up tion n d f l
a a
s or
s
er
v
rse
ca
.
o
e
rr
o e
a
e e
a se
e
m m
.
,
p t nc h v l o t th i u fuln
re e e a e Th volution of n tion l
s e r se e ss e e a a
m
.
e
a
n g y i t ow d
ll oth
Th t
er
e e m
s
nd p u p o
o int llig nt o lity in p olitic nd in
re a
er
ar
l tions Th itu tion d it of no co p o i e
er
s a
r
re
se
e S
e
m m
a m me
e
a
er
ra
a
s
s a
r
e ra
s
e
.
p
no oth Vi w Th indiff nc of th A ic n p op l t
p ol itic s h
er
m m
di p p d Any p l tfo
confo ing t thi v t oci l n d co
r
as
e
o
sa
.
nd n y c ndid t
e a re
ci l b h t will go
s
e
n t
as
.
s
e re
a
mm
m a
e
a r a
e
er
a
a
er a
a
e es
e
a e
e
o
o
m
.
M n e known by wh t th y y nd do Th y
a re known a e sa a e a re
m m
.
by tho wh h t n d op p o th
se o M ny y
a e a g W ood o w se e a ea rs a o r
m m
.
Wil on id N s sa n is g , t w h thin ks hi
“
o lf an d no r ea o se so , a
n i good w h
a s do n t t y t cu th h p p in o es nd o r o se re e a e ss a co
m
fo t f oth Th i i th c t of hi lif Th d d of this
m
”
r o ers s s e se re s e e ee s
m
.
m
.
o l nd int ll ctu l gi nt
ra a known t ll n Th y cco d
e e a a a re o a e . e a r ,
n t w ith th
o
a
h
a
nd f l
ar m
e p t nc
n tion l h ony with th il lion of p t iot d t in d t
S of p olitic bu t k
a s a a se
e m m
mm
re e
s
es
a r s
s,
e er e
a e
o
A m
co ct th w ong of p lutoc cy n d
r re e r
ic n lib ty in ll th i gn nt b uty nd p ctic l ff
er a er
t bl i h th s
a
xi s of
e r re
ra
m a
a r ee s a
ea a
s
ra
e a
a e ec
ti n
h h
v e
e as m
N w J
e ss . y l ov s W ood ow Wil on n t f th n i
e
d N w J y l ov hi f wh t h i N w J y
a e .
e rse
e e rse
e
esm r
or
s
a
o
e
or
s . e
e e e
e rse
es
ar
onl y
es
m mm
gu th t W ood ow Wil on i th only c ndid t wh n n t
k D oc tic u cc
a
a
e c t inty but cu th
e
r
ra
s
s
s
e ss
e
a er a
a a e
se
o ca
re
o
e
m m
,
or e
of h lib t d citi n W
v n g n tion b ut f ll ti
e a e
er
e ra
n t b u il ding f
e ra
N w J s y b li v s th t ,
e d y ze
or a
s .
m e
e a re
. e
o
er e e
or a
e e
a
a
,
APPE NDICE S 42 5
there is a n
cne te rs in
o ni ci nc in n ion l in inc
Wood o Wil onr w
s e e
s
at a min inc
st
b n in oli ic l lif l
He ha s ee
t Tha t
t a
st
e
t
e ss
.
m
.
tha n y
tw o e a rs no o g ni ion o y
He ha s ha d r a za tc ic l
; nl a p ra t a
ea —
m
m
.
id l b li
the re esta n of qu l o o u i y
sh e t e a d d
p p rt n t Not his ee s
m mm
.
alon e
m
n o t hi s c l
i o l o d lon
n o t his
o
r ta
lon
a t h e ss p w ers a
w r s a on li y lon
e , n ot his p e rs
co b n d co l n ion l
e , b u t a ll i e
m
a t
pe
a
at a
e,
fi
T i
o
m
a th a n d confid nc in
e a ndci cu
ou
r
e
ncsta
e v y c i i volv
hi
e ha e e
te
es its
hi
s
a ste r
Th e
Ne w
.
m .
.
m
.
J y
e rse
Wil ons
m
l
m
, tha t h e
i conv n ion giv
a p p e a s to th s
o nay g
e t n ion Wood o
to
of o uni y v y
p e the a te s
e th e
Op p rt
at
t to e e r
r w
an ,
m
wo
th
e
n nd chil d und u fl g by fo ing bu
e re
er
a
by t ching th in hi
es
, a
tchl
ea wo d
n gi int llig ntly th t p c ju tic nd p o p ity y e
t l
nd
th i
e
m e ,
er
a
o
s
r
ea
m a
e,
a ,
e ss
s
re
e
r
a
r
s,
m
“
a
o re e a se
r s er
se s , a
e r
a
m
,
m
.
sent ti at n f th p
v es , id ncy of th Unit d S t t th
o a e or e re s e e e a es e
P inc ton chool
r e t Wood ow Wil on s a s er , r s .
HENRY W . GRA D Y
TH E RA CE P ROB LE M
Deliv
c n
ere
ha ts Ass
a t the
at
nnu l b nqu t of th B o ton M
oci ion t B o ton M ’
d
D c b 12 1889
a
, a
a
s
a
,
e
a ss .
, e
e
e m s
er ,
er
.
m
—
M R PR DE NT B idd n by you invit tion t
Of th c p obl
e ra
.
—
ESI
fo bidd n by occ ion t
e r
di cu ion
k p olitic l
e r
e
e
r
as
a
o m o a
a e a
s ss
a
m
— concil o d with p
Sp ch I app ci t
ee in t ying t re a e, r o re e r e rs ro
p
swi
i t
r ey
w
th
m p p l xity of th l ittl
y t dju d
,
N w go
as
e id wh bidd n t l n t
e
er
m
e
y d ling ; h ng you cl o th
a re
e
o
e
m a ,
ar
o,
a
e o
r
ea r
es
o
y i th m
, , , ,
on hicko y li b nd don t go n th w t
a r a
’
ea r e a er
”
m
.
,
Th tout t p o tl of th C hu ch th y
e s es ai ion y s e e r e sa s e ss ar
m
, , ,
m
, ,
hi lf in d p n d Of unction nd dd
se ee th n I bidd n
er ee a a re ss a e
m m
,
t night t p l nt th t nd d of S o ut h n D oc t in B o ton ’
o -
o a e s a ar a er e ra s s
of Phill ip n d of S um
b nqu t h ll nd t di cu th p obl of th c in th ho
a e a , a o s ss e r e e ra es e e
n B ut M
s a P id nt if p u p o t er .
,
r . res e , a r se o
s p k in p f ct f nk n
ea n d in c ity ; if n t und t nd
er e ra e ss a S er ea r es ers a
di t y fo ll o w fu th
sa s e r m
ing of th v t int t involv d ; if con c ting n of wh t
e
m
i und a
as
t nding n d t ng
e re s s
nt ; r m
er
e
s
a
ers a
se ra
a
se
e s ra
se
e m e
a
if th
t t
y b count d up on t
e se
ngth n n unt i d
o s re —
t dy u ndi ci p l in d p
a
th n
e
i I h ll find th cou g
e a
ch nd e
r e m
ar
o s ea
e S r, S
s
a
e S ee
e
a
ra e
H p py m m m
,
t p oc d
o r ee
m
.
p re ss e a s s r s a e es o e e e
of h b uty n d h th ift H within touch of Ply outh
er ea a er r ere
Rock n d B u nk Hill—wh
f ll ow ng Emon thought nd Ch nning p ch d h
.
in th c dl Of A ic n l tt
e
sa
ra nd hn
,
e t of A m
e rs
ic n lib ty er a e e rs a
a
a
a
os m rea
er a
e
er
e re ,
,
42 6 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKIN G
—
uniqu
ere
m
ig yher
—c v d f o
e fi g u re
n ht p rese ce
ar e r m .
a m
the oc n
id
ea
the st o
a
m
n
r
d t h
of i
s
ld n
e w i
w n
er ess
of
t r a nd
e
j y kindli g
its a est
u il l
wa rs — nt
g o ing
n
gl oo
a nd
a t a st the
r w
m
wa s r e
ok
b ok n
m
,
d
b u y di cl o d in
its ea t
b — i
w r e rs re ste a t its a se wh l e sta rt e
s se
m
un in
the s
l d king
sh
m oic
e , a n d the her
o
s a nd e p er rs
g d
a ze
c on bl k
a st
a nd
a ea
ld
a rv e e
a nd
m
fo
tha t r
u nkno n o
u d ouc of i
m
the r
ou d v co
w sh re S h l ha e
e t h
mm m
n ul th s ha df
e the e
h m
bodi d g niu of u n gov n n
e
u n ib y
a
o
e s
l ert ! G od
a n d p r sp e r the
h
bl
fo un of rt
a
ess the
es
er
mm
o y of o i o l o k
e
i iving on
the r l
r
f c d od l
e t a n d the p er e te
th se
s s—
m
m u
rta w r ers,
a nd p erp et a te
e Of
m
the in i on of i ndi o k
sp ra ti the r ha w r .
y
Two ea rs a g o , sir , I sp ok o e s o d in
e w r s okNew Y r tha t
c ug
a ht the a t te t n ion of o
the N rth d i
As I sta n here to re tera te ,
—
m
.
a s I h av don v y
e e e e r w h v y od
er e , e er nu
w r I the d tte re to d e
cl a re tha t the se ti n n e ts I then vo d a univ lly
we w e re ersa
—
ap
ov d
p r e in the S
c
tha t S p ee h is a r e
ou
l g lym m
th li
I rea ze tha t the
on ibl
resp s
co d nc b go n by
e fo r nc
nfi e
nig
y p rese e here to
e e tte
-
ht
m
.
I Sh oul d di ono y lf if b y d
sh r se I e tra e tha t confid nc by u e e tter
ing one
of
b fo
the tr th
in nc
u
si
re the p ra se
. m
od
ere w r , o r
o o of i l
Ap r p s
i of
by i ol ding w thh
th s a st , let
ngl nd
New E
co
di d on
ha s
e
nil l n
one e sse t a
li m
id n
e e
nf ess , M r Pre s e t ,
.
e t
e a e y p s , tha t I
li v
v n n ou nd
se e tee
b
b e e e the est p r
m
th m modu c of
sa on
V er
t
oc
t De
n l if
her p re se t oc ion of
e is the p r
ny
ra ts tha t fo r twe t
e ss
-
two
y
s
ea rs ,
ion v
b lo
al
, ha
ts a n d
e m
undi ini d by d
m
she
c d ov
a r he
gon b ck o
e a
un c ui d by b
ea th ,
i ugg d i l c
er the r r
h y
re r
e
e to p ra
te
i
conv
irth or
oc ic
h l s , a st the r D e
i un g n
for the r
m er
ra t
re e era te
n ig bo
e
m k
h rs , a nd a wa e to re a the re rd co d of ny ou nd
twe t S ix th sa
-
Rep
her
ublic n j o i y
oic l
a
m m a
he p the , a n d
r t . M a y the G o d
i u dy ib inc
a y the r st r
of l l
tr e
the he p ess a nd the
m
rea se .
F a r to the S ou id n
th M r Pre s e t , sep a ra te dfo i c ion
r th s se t
e—
.
,
by a l in onc d fin d in i
e e e ibl dif nc onc
rrep re ss e fere e , cd e tra e
in f icid l bl ood
ra tr
li f i
a
— es the a rest a nd r hest ic m nk
, a n d n ow , tha
do n of i ai
v ng do
God , b ut a a nishi
th s ea rth oIt is the h
sha
m w
e
mm m
.
of b v
a o i bl o l
ra e a n d h sp ta e pe p e cn d
There is e tere a ll tha t ca n
m
.
p lea s e o r por s p e u k nd
r h a n i . f c cl i
A p e r e t bov f il
a te a e a e rt e
soil yi l de u b nd n v y odu c
s to the h s a a e er pr t Of the te p era te
z on e There , by nig co on i n b n
ht the tt wh te s e e a th the sta rs ,
m
.
m
.
In the sa e e
tob cco c c
a
fi ld
a t he s the
cl ov
the
quick o of
l
ar mf g nc of
e r ste a s the ra ra
a in
the ra s
e nd the wi
oun
The re a re
—
, a nd
m mm
.
in
ta s st re o d i x u l
w th e ha st ess treas re s ; u fo v re sts a st a nd
pr i vle a ; iv
a nd r u bling
ers tha t , t loi ing
or ter n on run wa t
—
,
to the sea n i li
Of the three e sse t a te s of indu i co ona ll str es tt
—tha t re
m m m
.
,
i on
r a nd w ood gion y con ol
ha s ea s trco on fix d
In tt , a e
—
m
—
m
.
ono oly
p i i on ov n u
n r , p r e s pcy re a b in ti v
er, the rese r e
u ly of
s pp the Rep ublic . o Fr i u d
th s a ss re nn
a nd p er a e t
42 8 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
its r
The
ight olution N s th y wholly t b l
l v Ship of th R p ublic il d f o you p o t th l v s
S a e -
s
. f it por a re
e
nc
e
e
sa e r
o
mm a e
r
or
r s,
s rese
e s a e
e .
w r o k d in u fi l d Y u w ill n t d f nd th t ffic n I th
m
e o
in titution B ut I do h d cl th t in it wi nd hu n
s
r e s .
er e
o
e a re
o e e
a s
e ra
se a
, or
m a
e
m m
.
a
d rea m
d ini t tion in lifting th l v t h ight of which h h d n t
n t y t fou nd in f
o e
s ra
d in hi v g ho
e
do
n d giving hi
u f th
s sa
l f t th i on
ree
h p p in
a e
ving nd m m
h h s
o
e S a
e, a
r a
e o
e rs
e
e
s
e r s
a a
s a sa
e
e ss
a
e
a
o
a
e xc ll nt h it g In th to of w thi in titution w l o t
m
I th nk G d
m
e
a
e
h tilyo
er a e .
you do th t hu n l v y i gon
as ea r
e s
as
r
m
m m
ar
a
s
a
s
s a er
as
s
s
e
.
hi m m
fo v f o A ic n oil B u t th f d n
re
,p ob l
er
a
condition Tw utt ly di i il
r
r
w ith ou t p c d nt
s
e p
c on th
o
er ain With
ll l Not it p p lling
er —
oil with
s
re e
.
ss mm e
mm or
a r ra
e
a ra
ree
es
e .
a
e sa
re
e
a
e s
s a
s .
b ut
ibly un qu l in int ll ig nc nd p on ibil ity— ch p l dg d
e a a a r s a s e a ers ,
t e rr e a e e e a re s s ea e e
g in t fu ion— n f
a
ree
a
a
s
a
b u t p p o ch d by bot wi r
s
h
a
c ntu y in
f d t l t by d ol ting w th xp i nt ought by n ith r
as
t h doub th
e
a
t—
o itud t th oth
e
es
or a
a
th condition
nd e
a r, m r
e e
se r v
er e
e se a re
e
s
o e
e
er , a
e e
s .
U nd ther dv t v y p oin t w
e se , a e rse qu i d t c y a e er , e a re re re o a rr
th
N v
e setw
e
c in p c nd hono t th nd
i h s u ch
er, S r,
o ra es
t k b n giv n ta s
ea
o t l t w d hip
e a
a as ee
r o
e
e e
o m .
r a s e ar s .
N v b fo in thi R p u bl ic h
r
e er e
ight of n li n c Th d n w ut down
s a
re
a
th w h i t
e mm ra
c di id d on th
s
e
e
.w d e re
as
a
e
as c
e ra e v e
as a ee
e
m
b c u h hind d th w y of th A ic n citi n Th y ll ow
e a
n w
a
se
as S
e
hut u t of thi R p ub l ic b c u
inf io Th d n w own of th l nd th y ll ow n
er r e re
o
e re
m m h i
— m a
n
e
li n n d s
a
as
e
e
er
er
e a
e
a
se
a
e
ze
s a
.
e e
a
e
e
e
, a
a
—
m m
.
w as h ig hl y civi l i d n d i il b l b u t th y h ind
ze a d both a ss a e e ere
se ction n d s a gon ! B ut th bl ck n ff cting b ut n
a re e e a a a e o e
m m m
,
se
t
ction i cl oth d with v y p i il g of gov n nt nd p inn d
oth e
,
oil nd y p op l co
s
s
a
e
nd d t mm k good t ny e
e er
e
r v e
a
e
e o
er
a
e
e
a
a a
e
m m
,
h a za r d n d t ny co t hi full n d qu l h i hip of A ic n
a a a s s a e a e rs er a
m
, ,
p ivi
r l g n
e d p o
e a p i ty I t tt r n t sth t v
er y o th c . a e rs o a e er e r ra e
n t th t w h
a ny
o
m era o r
a v th whit n d th bl ck h v touch d in
e re
in ny cli th h b n n i concil bl viol nc
a m
er
m
e
e, ere
es a
as ee
e
a
a
rre
s a e
a e
e
e
,
m
.
It
a nywh
tt a n t th t no tw
t ny ti
e re ,
e rs
on th
a
o
a mm
c h ow v i il h v liv d
a
m m
oil with qu l ight in e,
o ra
e
es ,
sa e s
e er s
e
a r,
a
a
r
e
s
e
A
ea
mm
c
s
!
thi c h ng of A
icer
Ie
n
n p i t
a
ju
a
of
dic
th
— t
e
t hSing
k
re
w
c t
e
in
co
h
m m w
nd
ic n p olicy which h n t p h p s ch ng d
er
eh t
d
h
t e se
a
l
k
w
o
good
h a e
s
er a
e a re
as
e re
a
o
a
e
er
o
a
a s e se
a e
a e
e re
p
b n i p o ibl b tw n whit
ee ss e n d b l ck — nd t
e ee v es a a s a o re e rse ,
r
t h t
.
b oo k
e
And d iv n i t th i s up hu
no d l
er
y— igo
r
t h t
m
rs
cc
m
n t k with n i
e
ts
,
no x cu
s r, o
s,
s
e
er
e rsa
a
e
as
er
e
a
ra
se
a
p a e e a r sp e a a r r a a
a nd
s r a
u p icion th t di cou g f nkn s nd inc ity W
o
a s
do n t h ink f o thi t i l It i
S
s
a
r
d u t i l f b ic th t w c nnot di nt ngl it if w woul d
r
r m a
a
int w ov n with u in
e
—
s
O
s
r a
a
ra
.
es
se
ra
s so
a
es
e
er
a
e
S
e
er
o
.
r
"
S
e
n t if w
o coul d C n w olv it ? Th G d wh g v it int
e . a e s e e o o a e o
APPE NDICE S 42 9
ou r nd H l on n know B ut thi th w k t nd wi t
ha s, e a e ca s e ea es a ses
m
.
a n d p ti nt a e
—
y p thy with l th n th knowl dg th t th
s a e ss a e e e a e
blood th t un in you v in i u blood— nd th t wh n w
a r s r e s s o r a a e e
m
,
h v don
a e u b t w h the o th i u b l o t
r w n w
es ,
h ll e er e ss e e s or o , e S a
f l you t ong
ee r bout u nd h th b ting of you
s r ar s a s a ea r e ea r
a
—th
p p oving h
Th
r
e
t !
m res
ea r s
m
,
n w ho
e g niu
e d gl o iou v y p g of th fi t
se e s a e r s e er a e e rs
se v nty y e e a rs
—
of A ic n hi to y who cou g nd fo titud er a s r se ra e a r e
—
m
you t t d in fi y
a e
es e
r
of th fi c t w who n gy h
d b ick without t w nd p d p l ndos
—
v e
m
i d th
m
ea rs
h s ra a
e
S
er e s
re a s
ar
e r a m m
se e er
e as
as
es
of th i w w t d o e r h ar th n w thi
as e p obl in es e se e ea r s r e
-
th i h e r t nd b
you c nnot wh t thi p obl
kindl y n d d p nd nt c —th
a
in b y d y nd by night Th y li
ea r s a
, n —wh t th y w t thi
a
ra
mm
m
s,
s r e
a a
ea s a
.
e
e
o
rea
e
ze , a s
o s
d p it th y d f nd d n d m
a u of th i d bt t th
e e e ra e e ea s re e r e o e
w o l d in w ho
r se in t in d l v y
es e e e e e a a a e S a er
m m
.
m m m
,
ch cu b d with it bu d n th y h v lo t n ith th
ar e re s r e s, e a e s e er e
m m
p
co
t
a i nc e f o
cou g N
es
w h
e ich co r c l
i w h n in p
ra
n n th f i t h
ion t o nt i di
e
f o w
or ,
h ic h
S r,
es ea r
e
e ss ,
a ss
or
a
e
e mm
a r
e s s s
m m
.
m
,
a by n d it c i
sse s a on t in into which I p y G d th y y
s r s s a s, ra o e a
m
n v go
e er th y t u ck wi th
, a re o of p p h n ion th n i
e s r re a re e s a s
m
n d d t co p l t th i con c tion !
m m
ee e o e e e r se ra
S u c h i th t p sof y p op l B ut wh t of th p obl
e e er e e . a e r e
it lf ? M P id nt w n d n t go n t p fu th unl
se r . re s e ,
e ee o o e s e r er ess
you conc d ight h th t th p op l I p k f
e e r hon t
e re a e e e S ea or a re a s es
a s se n ibl nd ju t you p op l
s e a king as n tly s as r e e, s ee a s ea r es as
th e m
t v y vi t l p oint
a e If you in i t th t th y
er
e r th t t ou c h
a
a
ufii n
e o r s e
s s
e
a
r e
e a re r
a
a
es
s,
m
.
m S a
mm m sa r e se re s e
m a ax r
-
p ti nc in v in
a
a
nd co
e
m
m
e B u t d i t th t th ya
on hon ty wi ly odifying n nvi on nt th y
—
n of co
.
es
on n a
se
a e a re
a
e
e m r e
se se
e
m
,
a
ch n und t nding t night
e ss,
m n uin
s
a
s a
re r e
e m e
a
a
e
r
e
m a
ea s r
e s
m
a s, a
y e a rea a ers a o -
.
Th P e id nt of th Unit d S t t in hi l t
res e g t e e a es, s a e e ssa e o
Cong
s
s
olv thi p obl
e
di cu ing th p l th t th S outh houl d b l ft t
re ss ,
sk A r
s
th y
olution do th y off ? Wh n will th bl ck n c t f e
ss
e m
t w o k u p on it ?, Wh t
as
er
e
s:
“
ea
e
re
a
e
e
a
e a
r
S
m a as
e e
a ree
a
o
m m
r
gov n nt tig up on th p op l of g t nd l oy l
er e
es
of p c h t p d with th g t l of u
a s
e
th fi t ti
a a
a
in u
ea
s
e,
a ar
as s a
sa
e
m r
e
e
e
a , or
a rea
e
e
rea
rs
a
sea
e
a
o
o
sec
r
r
430 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
n t ua e
mm m or
re e
e e
er
s
a
r
e
es
rea
ea r
ea s
reco
er,
s r c
o
tion n v
p erson l
,
c
found n d f u ch t p ; nd though th i no
r
s
ific aI
e
w o
m
ul d n t
er
sa k t
unju t i p u t tion on y p op l f o th chiv of y count y !
a
ov e thi
e c ru l nd
ee
m mm m m
or s
e
o
e
a
r
a
s e
e o
e ar
a
re
es
s
ere
e
s
a
r
B u t i b c k d by
I v ntu
th t a
e t
, S r,
k m
co d on v y p g of which i p og
k d W giv t th w o l d thi y
a re a s
a
o
e
e
n t nd p ctful nsw t th qu tion
re a
c op of
e ear
e
a re
es
e
r
o
a
,
e
re s
e
r
er
e
a
s
a
e
ea r a
er
r
o e
s r
es
re ss ,
m
.
b l of cotton w o th
a es n d it c h quiv l nt in r a s as e a e
m
,
g in g
ra
m
m e
,n d f u it Thi
ra sse s no ou c op coul d n t h v
co f o th h nd of ull n nd di content d l bo It co s
r e
a
a
r
s
.
s e
s e
a
r
s
s r
e a r
o
ma
e
e
mm m
.
It i cl i s d th t thi igno nt l bo i d f ud d of it ju t hi
a e a s ra a r s e ra e s s re .
m
, ,
tw nty fie y g
-
l v h s in G o gi lon
v e ea rs a o a s a e, a e r a a e
of
re
d p op ty w o th twic th t u ch D o n t th t
a sse sse
co d h ono hi n d vindic t hi n ighbo s ?
r r
r
m er
a
, r
a e
e
s e
a
r
. es o a
Af o A r m
Wh t p op l p nnil s illit t h don
a e
ic n gi t to ti ing th t if in which l on h
er a
e, w ll ? F
a
e v y
a
es
r,
,
s rr
e ra e ,
e
as
s r e
e so e
a
or e
e
er
p o p
r
c bin ho
a
s
mI
m mm
n h ow you
ers ,
till ing th i
f o th lip s of th i child n th h lp ful
r e
thou nd n g o
wn l nd by d y
es ,
ca
nd
h p p y in th ir
S
t night t king
g th i S t t e r
e r o
a
re
a
sa
e e m
e
a
r
, a
es ,
essa
a
a
e e r
a
e
a e
se
it lf b
t
se
oth
mm
nd th f o th choolhou doo An d th choolhou
s
t ti ony
chool fund e
ea rs
e
In G o gi w
king tot l of o th n
s
es
r
dd d l t y
e
a
s
e
a
r
se
a
a
e a
r .
m e
re
as
a
e
ea r
s se
—
,
m e e e e ar e
-
a re bl ck chil d n ; nd in th doub t of ny wi
tion h lp
t x b l v lu
a a
a
n h lp
e
u t h lf in tw
e
u s,
a
p ob l or
re
inc 1860 p ys o in p op o
es o
ca
n if du c
Ch l ton w ith h
a
a
e , o
e
r
o s
r
e
e m m .
a
a
a r es
se
re
e
,
e
r
a
er
r
m
,
a
s
e o
.
e, e
s ea s e r o
m
,
p u b l ic l nd n d h ving
a b c k of it
s, t boo
a k non of t h a a s ax s e e
e
n du c tion nd thi y i
as S
re or a
I
e a
e a ,
s
a
s, a
s ea r s
e p y ng n thi ti th of th t x
a s, a g t n
i ly n h l fo e r e e a es , e ea r o e a
- -
id by id On u buil ding n th
e
m S e
. o
qu d In u hop s o r
o r e s a
s 1
see
e sa m m
e
e s
a
a
a s
o r s
r
m
. .
a t th fo g Oft n th bl ck c ow d th whit f o wo k
e sa e r e e e a s r e es r r
mm
.
,
or
a re p
er
m
l o w w g by th i g t n d nd i p l h bits nd y t
a
itt d b c u w w nt t b th f o no v nu
er e
es
, e a
e r
se
re a
e
er
a
ee
o
a
ar
s
e
er
r
a , a
a e
e
e
43 2 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
m
x ctn s wh t v touch s th n g o His h lp l s n
a es
isol tion hi c ntu y of vitu d th di p o us t
a s —
a e
e
er
r ph i
hi
ser
e e
e,
e r
e se
.
s se
m m e e s
o e
e ss ,
a s ze
s
m
,
m
.
,
y a v g county in Iow nd it i cc p t d
ra a e a n incid nt a a s a e e as a e
thm
m
in th S outh d unk n w i d cl d t b th fi x d h bit Of
e
e ,
s
e a
a a
m m
.
by p l toon n d it c c ly
a s a s ar e a rre s a e a a e s
in th S outh ong l tiv ly th
as e
e
m
vid nc th t n c i d t oying th oth e
a cl
a
i g v ly cc p t d
o W
re a
ight
e ra e
e
s es r
e sa e a sse s
e
s
er
ra e
e m
a e e
as
m
.
w ll c l i
e th t th Union w
a ung t ful t th col o d sol di
a e as ra e o e re er
wh fo ll ow d it fl g b c u
o e G nd A sy p o t in Conn cticut
a e a se a ra r s e
cl o d it doo t
se ngo vt n
s rs f you t givo a ci l e r e e ra as or o e ra a
s ignific nc t v y incid nt in th S outh
ti n l g o u nd
o a
a
th r
e
ul of u oci ty I
o e
s as
m
t er cc p t
n t n of tho e r
p
e
e
o r s
e
e m ,
a
or o a
o o
e
e
e x ce
se
m m
.
wh b cl ou d A
o e ic n hono with th p d of th out g of er a r e a ra e e ra es
e ith
t b o
ction n d b li A ic n ch ct by d cl ing th
er se
ignific nt nd p nt tiv I p f t
e S
,
a
a
a
e
int in th t re
e
rese
er
a
a
e
a ra er
re er o m e
a
ar
a
e
a
m
.
of u p oo f ll n hum
th y e n ith a re n d t nd f e nothing b u t th p ion nd in
er, a s a or e a ss a S
o r nity If oci ty l ik
r a e chin w a . s e , e a a e, ere
no t ong th n it w k t p t I houl d d p i of both
s r er a s ea es ar , S es a r sec
n m
tion B u t kno wing th t oci ty
s nti nt nd sp on ibl in a s e se e a re s e
m
.
, ,
g ntl n wh com
e v y fiber nd nd p i until th whol h th t ngth
e r , ca e a re a r e e as e s re
with mh
Of th b t I d p i of n ith
e es Th es a r e er ese e e e o e
m
m
.
,
sa w I d t n ou t g co itt d on n g o ! An d if
a re a sse r a ra e e a e r
m nd w om m
, ,
th y did no n of yo u w oul d b
e w ift
o t p v nt
e p uni h e s er o re e or s
mm
.
th m —m
,
It i th ou gh th
s r n d th n n wh think with
e a e e a e o
king nin t nth of v y S outh n co unity—th t
,
e a e -
e s e er er a
th tw
e se c h v b n c i d thu f with l of viol nc
o ra es a e ee a rr e s ar e ss e e
th n w oul d h v b n p o ib l
a
th i f i n
e r
th l w th t
e a
nd co u
a r
n b p s
g nd t df tn
d
ess a
a
nywh a l on th And in
e
ll th b yon t th t
ca
—
ee
o th n in ll
n b
e u
ra
a sse
ss
e a
or a
e a
s ea
e
ere e se
as
a
e ss
e s
m m
ea r
a
re
ca
.
e
a
s
d—i th h op Of u futu
,
t e re s e e o r re .
nywh i n t dom
Wh n will th bl ck c t f b ll ot ? Wh n igno nc
e e a s as a re e a e ra e
th vot of th p oo
e e nywh i n t influ nc d by th p ow of
e r a e re s o e e e er
m
,
of th S outh e b nd d M P id nt n t in p j u dic g in t
a re a e r re s e o re e a a s
— —
m
.
, ,
th bel c k n t
a in c tion s l t ng o n t n t in th hop of
se a e s ra e e o e e
—
p ol itic l do inion b ut in d p nd biding n c ity H
—
a a ee a a e e ss ere
m m m
.
i thi v t igno nt n d p u c h
s s as bl vo cl nni h c dul ou
t ra a r a sa e e a s re s,
—
,
pp l
s of th e t t m
in th t it w l d into li n tion f o it n ighbo nd t ught t
a as e
on
a ss
W ong l y t
e a t
a
d
a
e
ea
e a
e
e s a e
r m
e er
s
ar
a
e
. r
r a
e e
a
a
s ar e
e,
o
,
APPE NDICE S 433
e
conviction u b b d It u t
Of th whit s e
t
Und
”
m
th t di i ion it b co
e
in f ction t ong
nough in v y co unity t cont ol on th light t di i ion
e er
s
th p y of th
e
er
a se
a
.
o
v s m
s
r
re
e
a
e s
es
a a
e
es
re
s r
v s
e
m d it cup idity t m m
.
cunning n d u n c up ul ou of both p ti
a It c dul ity is r s ar es s re s
m mm m
.
i p o d up on its p ti nc infl
se p t d its s
— , a e e a e , e e ,
i p ul s i di ct d nd v n it sup tition d t p l y
se s re e a e e s e rs a e o a
it p t in
s arc p ign in which v y int t of oci ty i j p
a a a e er eres s e s eo
ar
m
di d nd v y p p o ch t th b ll ot bo x d b u ch d
ze a
—
e er It a r a o e a e a e
-
m
m
.
is g in t su ch c
a a p igns s thi th foll y nd th bitt n ss a a s a s e a e er e
a n d th d ng of which v y S outh n co unity h d unk
e a er e er er as r
—
d p ly th t th whit p op l of th S outh
ee
Ju t you in M chu tt woul d b b nd d if
s as
a b nd d tog th
—
e
n
a ssa
e e
se
e
s
e
e a
a re
e
a e e
m er
e
.
m m
,
n ot n in o h und d bl t
e d h s b ll ot b nd d in c
i a re a e o rea a a e ra e
in tinct holding g inst you th
s o y of c ntu y of la v y
a a e e r a e r s er
m
, ,
t re
m
xh u t d you c dit
m m
a
B ut d itting th
ndou e
s e
n c w
a
ch ll ng d with th
s
r
a e,
e
.
r
e a re a
e
e e
es o
e
e a
s m a
a e ss
o
a
u vo t
r
nd h s n w b
Thi s h
a
long b n fl ip p ntly ch g d t b vid nc
e .
n ol nl y nd offici ll y d cl d t b p oof
o ee
as
s e m ee
a
a
a
ar e
e a re
o
o
e e
e
e
r
e
of p olitic l tu p itud nd b n on u p t L t u
V i gini —
as
t t n w u nd
a
a
fi c
—c t in 1888 v nty fi p c nt Of h vot ; M chu tt
r a s a e
r
ult f thi ll g d c i
se e
o
e
-
a
v e
er
er
a se
er e a ssa
e
ess
er
o r
or
e
ar
s a
.
a ssa
e
e
e
s
se
r
see
m s,
.
th S t t in which I p
e a e k ixty p c nt of h vot W it s ea s er e er e as
m
.
,
If V i gini i cond m
M chu tt fighting in v y di t ict c t onl y fo ty nin
a ssa se s, e er s r , as r -
e
p er c nt of h e n d b c u thi ty n
ers r a s e e e a se r -
o e
c nt w d um m
.
p er c nt of h vot w il nt h w h ll thi S t t c p in
e er e as s e , o S a s a e es a e,
which fifty n p b ? L t u nl g thi co p i
-
o e er e as e s e ar e s ar
so n Th ixt n S outh n S t t in 88 c t ixty s v n p
e s ee er a es
’
as S e e er
c nt of th i tot l vot —th i N w Engl nd S t t b ut ixty
-
m
.
e e r a e e S x e a a es s
th ree
p c nt of thei er B y wh t f i e ul h ll th tig b rs . a a r r e s a e s a e
m
a
a
se .
o ee
a s r
ea r
in n y s nd th p olling p l c
t
un f i
—th m
e
a r re a s
ea r il p t und th
a
oning of which y ction h b n con t nt victi
e
m se
a e s a re
as ee
es a
a
ar
s a
er
m e
s m
In V i gini
ll vot is ch g d t b p oof of fo cibl upp s ion
e s
n r
ion of th ino ity w
v g
i dt
a
j o ity of
a
e
a
e
unl hop l s divi
a
in Iow in th sar
era e
ar e
m
a s ra se
a
o
r
e
o
r r
e ss
e s
a,
e es
re s
e m
.
e
,
434 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKIN G
ml ction
e e
j o ity of
j o ity of
r w s
,
w
t bli h d
a m
wi p d ut nd n op p o ition
Th ch ng of
a
vot
r
a es a s e
as e
e
o
a
a a s
—
a e es
m
.
It is
ofthe m
d p lo bl ir th t in both s ction l g p c nt g
e ra
vot i n t gu l ly c t b ut o in xp lic bl th t
e s
e, s
o re
,
ar
a
as
e s a
re
a r er
e a
er e
e
a
a
e
m
,
m mmm m
.
m
o
m i d hi r
uff g w th p o i of fo ty c
ra
o t
e
n d yi
se l d
as
d h i l t Hi fi t p p l
nd
e ul ; hi r
s a
se
e
“
e
r a
ea s
re s a
.
a
s rs
e
a
”
ea
m m
se cond th th t th t D oc tic ucc
e
m
, e
nt B oth h v b n p ov d f l in hi xp i nc H l o k d
r ea
a e
nt hi en l v
ee
a
r
e
e
ra
a se
s e ss
s e er e
ea
e
s re
e
s a
o e
e
m
. .
ho
m d n B nk H fought und ’
f or a n d h g t th F e, a e o e ree a s a . e er
p o i
r Of th l o f
se nd in vic to y w e d ni d th c u b D is
a a r as e e e r s
m
, .
co u g dra n d d c iv d h
e a h li d t l t th t hi b t
e e e , e as rea ze a as a s es
f i nds hi n ighbo s wi th wh o hi l t i c t n d wh o s
r e a re
— s e r s o s as a e
m m
,
o
p spr i ty i bo
er u nd u p in h i s n d th t h h g in d nothing s a a e as a e
in p olitic t co p n t th l o of th i confid nc nd y
s o e sa e e ss e r e e a s
m
o
tah
ut l
y t
m m m
d
h t
m
m
ea
i t
, l
n
t hi
ers o r
ba
—
t
o g i tion nd l cking th
n d s and u
r
i
ont th t k th i hop l
ng hop And with
as
aolut h oi of
za
s es a
a
e
a
r
e re s
e .
e er
so ,
s
y p rty f i nd in V
a r e s ch er a a e e r e e ss ar
ov th hill s high nd in p i ing p ilg i g —h h wdl y
m m
er e
u s th occ ion l git to b l nc hi littl ccount with
ea s re e
a
as a
a
a a
s
r,
r
a a es
r
s
a e
e a
e s re
m
p oli tic
th e
tou ch
d wo ld w g
Th n g o vo t e
s,
a
up hi
n n v
e
ul
it will !
r
r
n d j og s do wn th fu o w l tting
es
a
e er
e, a
r e
e rr
a
, e
b w ll if p ti n
e e t th No th w o ul d u nd
ar sa t nd thi
s a I h v e r ers a s a e
m m m m
.
s
s r,
a r se
s
m
e ra
e ea
e
ere
e ,
a
a
ar a ,
a
th
n d to u ching th ir y
th v y ir
e
,
er a
wi th f ith bid th
fill d with th ch iot of I l nd th ho
of If th i ny hu n fo c th t c nnot b withstood
ere
”
ere
e
e
l ook b o d t
e
s a
es
n e
m a
a
ar
,
r e
s m
a
e
sra e
a
a
a
e
r a
e rse
o se e
e
m
m m
.
,
m
m
.
,
p v il
re It c nnot b fo bidd n in th l w
a a divo c d in fo c
e r e e a or r e r e
—
. .
,
It i th in l i n b l
s e ight of v y f co unity th ju t nd
a e a e r e er ree e s a
right o u e f gu d g in t n igno nt co up t uff g It
s sa e ar a a s a ra or rr s ra e
m m m
.
i on thi s
s i th t w ly in th S outh N t th cow dl y
S r, a e re e o e ar
m
.
,
n c of
e a k shotgun bu t th p c ful j ty of int lli
e as or , e ea e a es e
g nc n d p on ibility
e
of it ho
e a
s n d th p m re s d nd unifi d f th p ot ction
s
v tion of it lib ty Th t ir is
es a e
,
re ser
a sse
a
a
s
e
er
or e
a
r e
S
m
.
, ,
o u li nc n d u hop nd g in t it ll th p ow s of rth
r re a e a o r e, a a a s a e er ea
s h ll n t p v il
a o It i ju t s c t in th t V i gini w oul d co
re a s s a er a a r a e
—
m mm m
.
p
m
Th l ov w f l f
reh
m nd A Se I
e
tt t it hm
th t e
m
t hm m
c you c nnot
s p i r
e
i t aof
ee
y o
esl d
or
b
su
l c k
n
y
a
ere ,
ra e,
e
a ea
a
re or co
a
m
,
m
.
f o h ho up th
r er l ooks down t bl e nd th o u gh th
ere , o e ss , a r e
thi ty y r s g m
tu ul t of this night st l s th sw t
S h h ld
ea r m mm in h bl ck
a o
u ic of h c ooning s
s nd l d
e e
ea
iling e
e
er
ee
a ar
s
a
er
e
r
e s
s a
t o S ee
ig on se flu tt
m
l p This c n v ni h s s I p k nd I c tch vi sion
ring do w n
.
t h o u g hm
of n ol d S outh n ho with its l ofty p ill s nd its whit
a
t h
e
s e
er
gol d n i I s wo n
e a
e
s
r
e a S
e
ea ,
e
a
ar
a r
a
a
ee
a
p e
m
.
m m m
, .
m
,
em
m m
th h nd s of
th h nds of
e
m
l oving h nds n w w o n nd wrinkl d but f i t
a
a
a
m—
ort l n s th y l y
m
ort l wo n nd st ong y t t l d
o
a
oth s bl s ing th
a
r
a
y t th n a
th n a
a
, a
e
e
a
r
,
a
er
a rer
e
er
’
o
o
ea
e s
e e
e
a
a
e re ,
wh il t h k
e an s— t h t u s
ert l t I ee
y t h v fo u nd —
e I th nk r e a ar e a e a
G d th t h i
m
o
in th S il nt c bin e
a
n s l oy lty b tw n h nd d ng
a
’
m
f in h s nctu y b c u h sl v
S e s sa e
gu d t h ch b doo p ut a b l ck
e
a
a
e
, or
ee
erntin l
er a
ar
a
a
ar
a
er
,
er
e a
a
se
er
er
r,
a e s , se
a
e
—
.
I
st gga
c c
t h
m
no t ha
ing f ll n I s
er
vi ion
m
a T h
mc ri si s of erb a t t
l v cuffi ng through th s ok
a e
l a sol di
s stru ck
ee
.
a S a
e
e, s
e er ,
e e,
,
m
.
,
windin g hi b l ck b ou t th f ll n fo
s a ar ckl of hurtling
s a e a e r re e ss
m m
,
mm
e
m
on th st ick n lip s s w tling
w oul d l y dow n his lif in hisa
m
r
m t
e nti wi th gony th t h
s st
,
d I se hi by th
o
e
re s
a s er
ea
’
ea
e a
e
a e
e
m
.
w y b d id
ea r ini t ring wi th unco p l ining p ti nc
e s e, s e p y a a e e, ra
m m
ing wi th ll his hu bl h t th t G d will lift hi
until d th co inea
m
a
cy nd in hono t still th soldi s
es
e st
er
up ea r
a
a o
r o
s
e
a er
er
’
,
m m
gony nd l th ol di s l if I
m hi by th Op n g v
’
a a sea e s er e se e e e ra e
m m m
.
m
, ,
in lif fought g in t hi f do
e I s
a a hi swh n th s ol d ree . ee , e e
i h p d n d th g
s ea e t d a of his lif is cl os d tu n w y nd
e rea ra a e e r a a a
m
,
with downc st y nd u nc rt in st p
a e t t u t int o n w n d
es a e a e s ar o e a
st
s hm m
rang fi l d s f lt ing t uggling b ut oving on until his
a
m
e e
m
,
e e a
,
m And f o
m th g v co voic s ying F oll ow hi ! “
d y a s r e ra e e a e, a
m m
.
,
m m
,
o l d ng d l ing i l d ing bo
w r st t s t
ra h i e o
—b w e a r th I o , a zz , e e
aw
f ll o ! An d y G d fo g t y p p o a l wh n th y forg t
o r e e e e e e
t
W v
ese
f u u m ol d
vi ud f om ic
ha te er the
.
t re ay h m y l od
for the , whether the p
Rom
long
a in the ser t e r y v n v b n lif d
wh h the ha e e e r ee te
inc
S
a ndmd b
y ni n
e th e C re
a e to
al id ol d u on by
c o of
wa s a
ea r the r ss
h
f in ing
p
the a ti —
n ol di
the a
y
s e rs ,
Chr st whether the
APPENDICE S 43 7
find ho
l
sa rn i t w h s
m
g in in Af ic nd thu h t n th p op h cy of th
id A
es a
n d u dd nl y E thi
o sa
a
o i h ll h o l d u t h
r a, a
s e
s as e
a S
e
a
r e
o er
e
p p
—
m
, ,
h nd unto G d
a s wheth fo v di loc t d nd p t
o er re er s a e a se a ra e ,
th y e in w k p op l b t by t ong
re a a ean d xi t the e, e se s r er , a e s as e
m
,
th ough th
r
hi to y
s
—
r
c t of tw nty c ntu i nd b lying univ l
rea
e
ch th full t tu of citi n hip nd in p c
as e
e ins a
e
m m re
e r es
ze s
a ,
a
e
ea e m ersa
a
m m
, ,
t in it w
a h ll giv th utt o t ju tic nd bidin g f i nd
e s a e e er s s e a a r e
s
w
hip
e
R p ublic
e
m An d wh t v w do into wh t v
.
y b d iv n nothin g h ll di tu b th l ov w b
a
itig t u
e
con c tion t it
or m
r
a e ing t ng nt
e
er
vic I t nd
a e
thi
e
o r
,
S a
se ra
a
s
e e r see
r
o
e
s ser
e
e s ra
e
e
ea r
e
s a
e
s
m m
.
no n w loy lty Wh n G n l
,
h e re ,M P id nt t p of r . re s e , o r e ss e a . e e e ra
L ee, w ho h t w th tse p l of u h
ea r o p n d w h oas e e e o r es , a se a r
w as
G ov n er m
cl oth d with u t ngth n w d hi ll gi nc t thi
e
nt t Ap p o ttox h sp ok f o
e a h t t
o r
g t m s re
a
,
e
re e
m
m
e
m
e r
s a
a
e
ea r
a e
oo
o
rea
s
m m
,
t b f l
o e nd h p ok f
a se , a v y hon t n f o M yl nd e S e or e er es a r ar a
t T x
o eF o th t d y t thi H
as . r il c h nowh in th a a o s a ar as ere e
S outh w o n young H nn ib l t
s r h t d nd v ng nc b ut a a o a re a e ea e,
e
m mm m
a t th bm
er
m
v ywh t l oy lty nd t lov Witn th v t n t nding
e
ere o
of Conf d t onu nt bov th g v of his
a se a
a
e
a
era e
o e .
e ,
e ss
a
e
e
e e ra
e ra
s a
es
co d s hi ra ep ty l v to ing in th Ap il wind
s e dju ing s ee e ss e r a r
m m m
, ,
th youn g
e n bout hi t v e n t nd l oy l citi n
a o ser e a s ea r es a a ze s
th G ov n
sa
m
e nt g in t which th i f th fought Thi
er
g d liv d f o th t c d p nc h gon ho t th
e, e ere
e
r
a a s
a sa re
e r
rese
a
e,
ers
as e
.
m e
s
o
es
e
h
b m
e a
t of
ea r s
lw y
y f ll ow ! An d i I d cl eh
qu l t hu n p i tion th t th y w oul d di i
a s e a
if p hy ic l cou g
o
s
a
, S r,
as ra
e a re
, a
ere ,
e
s a ra
e , s r,
e
if n d b t
m
ee
m
S u ch M P
to thi R p ub lic th i f th
e,
id nt i thi p obl
o re s
r w
re s
fought t di olv
re
it u ch i th
e
s
s
e
s r
e r
e
a
as
ers
e see
m s
o ss
s
e
e
.
m
.
, , ,
te p in which w p p o ch it uch th p og
er e ad Wh t r a , s e r re ss a e . a
do w k of you ? Fi t p ti nc ; ut of thi lon n co
e as rs a e e o s a e ca e
m
,
p f ct w o k
er e S cond confid nc ; in thi
r . l on n you judg
e , e e s a e ca e
f i ly Thi d y p thy ; in thi you n h lp u b t F ou th
a r r s a s ca e s es r
m m m
. .
, ,
giv u you on
e s ho t g Wh n you p l nt you c p it l in
r s s as s a es . e a r a a
s se
s a
a s
s
a
.
as
,
e s ra
a
e m o
e
e
m
.
y t ho l d th
e oth in ndu ing u p icion nd t ng nt
s e er e r s s a e s ra e e .
G iv u th b o d nd p f c t l oy lty th t l ov
e s e r a n d t u ts
a er e a a es a r s
G o gi
e r a a —
lik with M chu tt th t know no S outh no
e a ssa se s a s ,
No th no E t no W t b ut nd
r as wi th qu l nd p t iotic es e ea rs e a a a r
m m
, , ,
m m
,
Of u t night t l o
s o in p t iotic con c tion wh t v t ng s
o se a r se ra er e s ra
—
-
a e e
m
,
wh t v a divid
e er W i A ic n nd w t nd f
es . e, s r, a re er a s a e s a or
hu n lib ty ! Th up lifting fo c of th A ic n id i und
a er e r e e er a ea s er
THE A T OF PUB LIC S PE R AKING
very thron on ea rth Fr nce B il—th se our v icto ri s
e
m m
To m md reth rth f o kingc f
ee a t n d
e
r
o
a
a
,
r
ra z
o
a
a
e
re
a re
o r
o
e .
m
.
m m
,
m m m
.
m
o d sa il o As w pp o ch th fourth
—
e
c nt nni l of th t tup ndous d y wh n th old wo l d will co
e e a
id ur g th d t su s —
a s
e
m e
re
a
r .
e
e a
e
r a
mr
e
e
t
re s
o
m
rv l nd ta l n e a
olv t c own th i cl of u p t with th sp ct cl of
e o r
l t us o
e
ea r
m ra
a
es
o
o r
a
as
ere rea
e e
re
a e
e
a
m
R p ub lic co p ct unit d indi solub l in th bonds of l ov
e ,
es o
e ,
e
s
-
e
e e
ar ea e
m
m
e
e
m
m m
v ry h rt n v y hill
e ea n nd sp l nd nt t th u it
of hu n chi v nt nd rthly gl ory bl ing ut th p th
a a
as o
e
e
e
er
e a
, sere
ea
e a re e
az
e a
o
e s
e a
m m m
,
WILLIAM MCKINLE Y
L A S T S PE E CH
D l iv
m
d t th W o ld s F i B uff l o N Y on S p ’
e e re a e r a r, a , . .
, e
b 5 1901 th d y b fo h w s ssin t d
m
t e er , , e a e re e a a ssa a e .
n t
I
ree
o st
gl d g in t b in th city of B uff l o nd xch ng
ng
a
a a
g tings with h p op l t who g n ous ho p it lity I
n d wi th who s good will I h v b
ra er , a
a a
n p t dl y
er e
o e
e, o
e
e
se e er
a
a
e
s
ee
a
a
re
e
ea e
a
a m e
mm
and ign ll y hono
s d T d y I h v ddition l s tisf ction in
a re
m o a a e a a a a
-
.
ting
ee n d giving w l co t th
a fo ign p s nt tiv s e e o e re re re e a e
a sse
su cc
bl d h who p s nc nd p ticip tion in this E p i
tion h v con t ib u t d in s
T th co
e ss
a
e
e
e re ,
k d d g t its int t nd
i ion s of th D o inion of C n d nd
o
r
e m
m
e m
se
ss
re e
o
er
e a
ar e
ar
a
e
e
m ree
a
o
a
e re s
a
x
a a
os
a
m m
m
.
th B iti h C ol oni
e r th F nch C ol oni s th R p ubl ic s of
s es , e re e , e e
M xico n d of C nt l nd S outh A
e a ic nd th co i ion e ra a er a, a e ss
ers of Cub nd Po to Rico wh h with u in thi und ta king
e
th t iu p hs of
e r
e
t sci nc m
a a
w giv th h nd of f ll o w hip nd f licit t with th
e
duc tion nd nuf ctu e which
a up on
ar
r
,
e
e
,
e, e
s
o s
a
a re
a
e
a
s
a e
m m a
s
a
er
e
r
,
th ol d h
e b qu th d t th n w c ntu y
as e ea e o e e e r
m m
.
E xp o itions
wo l d s dv nc
r
’
th ti n k p s of p og ss
s
nt Th y sti ul t th n gy nt p rise
a a
Th y r co d th
a re
e m e
e r e ee
e
er
a e
r re
e
.
e er
e
‘
e
e
r
er
e
m
.
,
m m
.
m m
.
p op l
e Th y op n
e . ighty sto hou s of info tion t th
e e re se r a o e
stu d nt E v ry xp o sition g
e t r s ll h h lp d t so
e e rea o a as e e o e
m
.
, ,
onw d t p ar s e
m
.
st u ts th
r c b in nd h nd of a n F i ndly riva l y foll ows
e ra a a . r e r ,
440
. THE ART OE PUB LIC S PE AKING
n a tIOna l bound ri s into th ot st p ts of th a rth V st
a e e re m e ar
m e e a
mm
.
t ns c tion s
ra a condu ct d nd int n tion l xcha nges
a re ad e a er a a e a re e
by th tick of the c bl E v ry ev nt of int st is i
ra id t n i t
e
bull tin d Th quick g th ing nd tr ns ission of n ws lik
e e
of
ra c n
.
t osrigin n da re
e
a di t ly
onl y d p ossible re e
e .
a er
e
a
e
a
amm a re
ere
a
e
e a e
, e
p e
m m
, ,
m m
.
It to ok S p ci l ss ng
a of th gov n nt with v ry f cility
e a e e er e er e e e a
m
,
p c h d b n ign d
ea
a
e
e
Mil s in Po to Rico nd h w
gr p h t stop his
,
a
o
H w diff ee
r
nt n w ! W
y on th fi ring lin with th
s
ar
ched G n l
e
m
bl th ough the il ita ry t le
ss g
,
.
th t
a
o
e
e
as a
e re
e
o
e
m
mr
e rea
e e a
e
e
e ra
e
a
th Unit d S t t s nd S p in h d ign d
e e a e a
m
p otocol susp nding a a S e a r e
-
m
m m
,
a a as es a a r
su
m tion Th fi t ship of C s fl t h d h dl y gd ’
a e rs e rv e ra ee a ar e er e
m
m
.
mm
,
Sm m mm
t ly th ou gh th w ond f ulr diu of t l g p hy
ccusto d r w t s f n d sy co unic tion with
o a e
e
a e
er
e o
e
a e a ea
e e ra .
m
di t nt l nds th t its t p o y int rup tion v n in o din ry
ti s
s a
e
m
sults in l o sre
a
nd inconv ni nc
a
W S h ll n ve fo g t
s a
e ra r
e e
er
e e
, e e
a e r
r a
r e
m m m
.
,
s nt ti
e am m m
w s p r itt d t b s nt f o
a
s of th
e
ve
P kin
e
n tions in Chin ut off f o ll
n d th dip l o
e
o e
a
tic p
uni
e r e
a, c
, a
r
e
a co
a re re
ca
m m
tion in sid ,
a
m m
nd ou t id of th w ll d c p it l w su ound d
e a
by n ng y nd i guid d b th t th t n d th i liv s ;
a r a
s
s
e
e
e
o
a e
a
a a
rea e
, ere
e
rr
e r e
e
m
n
th m
orth j oy th t thrill d th w o l d wh n
e
m
e
gov n nt of th Unit d S t t s b ought th ough ur
e
er
e
e
a
inist r th fi st n ws of th s f ty Of th b si g d dip lo ts
r
singl
e
ss g fro e
e
e
e
e
a e
r
a e
e
e
a
r
e e e
e e
r
a e
a
o
mm m m m m
.
a m m
k its ci cuit ny ti s Th n th w s n t lin of
a
r
e
l c t ic t l g p h ; n w w h v e e
l nd nd s G d nd n h v link d th n tions tog th
s a se a
ra
r
v t il g t v sing ll
o
o
a
a
e
a
e
a
.
e
a
a
e
e
as
e
ere
ea
e
a
e
a
ra
o
er
a
e
e
e r.
a
m m
m
.
m
,
occ sion is th f
a i und t ndings nd th st ong th
ere or s ers a a e r er e
m m
,
m
.
i ins am
My f ll ow ci ti ns t d st tistic indic t th t this cou ntry
t t of u n x
e
s a e p l d p o sp ity
ze
Th figu e r
,
l ot
a
ra
e
e a
r er
s a e
e
a
re s a e a s
m m m
.
m m
.
a nd in nd th t w e s, a fu ni hing p ofit bl a p l oy nt t e a re r s r a e e e o
th eillions of wo king n throughout the Unit d S t t bring r e e a es,
APPENDICE S 441
m
ing co fort nd h pp in t th i ho a a nd king it p os ibl
ess o e r m m es , a a s e
t l y by s ving f ol d g
p
o a
m
m
art ici p t ing in ath i
a
g t
co unity nd hown by th no ou nd unp c d nt d
p
nd di
o p i
bility Th t ll th p opl
ty
s or
i n s in v y
reaA
a
ica
e a
n r s
sa
er
m s see
. a a
e er
e e
m er
e a re
mm
a s e e r s a re e e e
W h v v t nd int ic t bu in
e a e a as built up through y
a r a e s e ss , ea rs
of toil nd t uggl in which v y p rt of th count y h it
sta k
a
which will n t p
e,
s r e
it of ith n gl ct of undu l
o er m e er
e er
a
e e
e
or
r as
e se
s
fi hn
es
s
will b
ess
t skill nd wi do
N n
e re
. ow o did p olicy will ub v it Th g t
a
qui d t hol d nd inc
o
on th p rt of nuf ctu
re
a rr
s
it
m
o
, s r
n d p odu c
Ou indu t i l nt r a
s
e a
‘
rea se
m a
s
a
se r e
re rs a
r
.
s r a
r
e
e
rea
er
e
m
.
p ri ses ,w h ic h h v g o w n t su c h ga t pe o p o tions ff ct th
r o rea r r a e e
m
,
ho es nd occ up tions of th
a p op l n d th
a w lf of th e e e a e e a re e
m
a nd
ar
m
country Ou c p city t p oduc h d v l op d
mm
ur p odu cts h v
o
.
k t qui s u u g nt nd i
e s re
r s
r
re
a a
ul tip li d th t th p obl of o
a
di t tt ntion Only
o r
e
no ou ly
r e
o
o
r
a
e
e
as
e
a
e
a e a
e
e
e
e
r
so e
e mm r s
re
a
m m m
.
p o l icy w i ll g t o I n t he ti Of re v lou bu in s n gy e se es ar e s s es e er
mm m
.
a nd g in w o ught t b l oo king t th fu tu
a e ot ngth ning th
e o e re , s re e e
m ay b mm
wea k p la c in ur indu t i l nd co
dy f ny to
e rea
es
t in
or a
o ci l sy t
s
th t w
s r a
r or s ra
a
.
er a s e s, a e
m
ho
B y s n ibl t d
m pe
mod u
mc
e
tionr w
s
h
ng nt which will n t int up t u
ll x
e
t nd th
ra
o u t
e a rra
l ts f u inc ing
e S a e
e
e
e s
e e or o
o
r
err
rea s
o r
m m
surp lu
o
m
diti s is
A y t
s
e
. which p ovid ss
re
e
e
e
a
a
e
e
ea
a
co
e
se cu ity th t w
r n fo va ll v ything nd buy littl
e ca re er se e er a e or
us
m m
orf m
nothing If such thing w p o sibl it w oul d n t b b t f
th o
m or
.
with wh o
custo s uch of th ir p oduct s w n u without h
er s
w d l
se
a
W houl d t k f o
e
u
r
ere
e ea
s a
s
.
e
e
e S
ca se
o
a e
e
r
es
ar
o
or
r
to o
Of
m uo m
u indu t i
r
m nd l bo
w ond rful indu tri l d v l op
r
R cip ocity is th n tu l outg owth
s r es a
e nt und th do tic
a
s
r .
a
e
e
r
e e
e a
er
ra
e
r
es
p olicy n w fi
h v a e
m
m m m
ly t blish d
v nt b o d Th x c
a
o
e
r
e
u t b l i v d th ough
r a .
e
e
e
e
.
o
e ss
r
s
es
e re e
s
e r a
fo ign outl t nd w hould ll v ywh w n nd buy
re e a e s se e er ere e ca a
m m m
,
wh v th buying will nl g u
e re er e l n d p odu ctions e ar e o r sa e s a r ,
a nd th by k g t d nd f ho l bo
e re a e a rea er e a or e a r
mm
.
a n d co m mm
Th p iod of x clu iv n
e er
c is th p ing p obl
er e
is p t Th e
Co
xp n ion of u t d
e
s
ci l w
e
ress
e ss as
r
.
e
e e a s
er a
o r
a rs a re
ra e
m
.
m m
.
m
.
th e S p iri t Of th ti ; u of t li tion
e es n t If p ea s re s re a a a re o er
m
.
,
ch nc so Of u t iff s
a e, e no long n d d f
o r ar v nu a re er ee e or re e e or
t o encou g nd p ot ct u indu t i t ho
ra e a r why houl d
e o r s r es a e, s
44 2 THE ART OF PUBLIC S PE AKING
y
the not b e e p l oy d x nd
e to e te m
a nd p r o o k bo d
te our a r ets a r a ? m
mm m
stea
n
im
The , too , we ha e v in d qu
v l dy b n
sh p s ha e a rea
a e a te stea
ee p ut
i
sh p se rvic
in co i ion b ss
e New lin of
etwee n
es
the m .
Pa
co
be
cific co
a sts
fo o d
Me
o of
a st p rt s
of xico
ll we up w th
n l
ni d
the U te S ta tes a nd th se
a nd C e tra a nd S
i di cre t ste a
ou
sh p
th A e r a
i lin b es
o on
ic
e tw ee n
the w ne ste r
The se sh ulo d
the we ster n mm m .
co a st of the U
n d of
ee s
of odu c ion
ni d
i
te S ta tes a nd S
the t nie s is
t to the
di c co
re t
ou
fi l d of con
er a
ic n o
th A e r a p rts
ci l lin f o
es r
ion
our
One
v fi ld
a st
v
tha t we ha e b ut
of
e
the
s m
mm m .
pr e s su pt
b ly o u c d
a re t
v
m
is to ha e the
he Ne t
conv y nc
x in dv n g
e a
a
e to
a ta e to ha
c y
a rr
.ving
it to the
the th
b uy er
ing
We
to se
u
ll
st
m m m m
m m m m
.
iyt
a
m m
v
m
where er the
W
y go
u t buil d th Isth i n c na l which will unit th tw
e s
.
e m a a
mm e e o
m
,
m m m
.
th fu rth
e nc of th s Obj cts Of n tion l int t nd conc n
era e e e e a a e res a er
you
w s v
a
p rfo
a re
h v tou ch d th h
a e
e
ing n i p o t nt p t This E xp o sition woul d
e r a er
e
t of th t A
e
l t nd thought v con t nt f
r
ric n t t
a
e
l g co
a
n whos ind
ea r
c e
r a
a
er
e
ar
s a
.
a s a es
or a
m m
mm a
a r er
e
er e
a
m
nd t u f t nity of th p ublics of th N w W o l d His
a r er
b o d A ic n p i it i f l t nd nif t d h
r a er
ra e r
a s H n ds no
r
m
s mm e
e re
a a es e
e
e re
e
e
r
ee
.
m m
.
mm
n a of B l in i in p bly soci t d with th P n A ic n
e a e s se a ra as a e e a er a
-
m
a
A
ov nt which finds h p ctic l nd ub t nti l xp ssion
nd whic h w
e e
ll ho p will b fi
ic n C ong ss th t
er a
ly dv nc d by th P n
e a
bl this utu n in th c p ita l
re a
e
ere
a sse
ra
m m e
es
a
r
a
a
a
s
a
s a
m e
a e
e
re
e
a
a
,
m m
. . .
a
t o m
nd indu t y will p ri h f o s r ight but th i influ nc will
k it liv b yond it t sho t living with p is s a nd
“
a e e
e
e
s in r s
s oo
,
r
e r e e
ra
re
e
a
th nk sgiving Wh
m
n t ll th n w thou ghts th t h v b n
m
”
a . o ca e e e a a e ee
a w k n d th
a e e bitions fi d nd th high a chi v nts th t
e a re a e e e e a
mm m
,
m m
,
m m
.
s nt d h
e e y b ov
e re d t h igh n
a d nob l ff oets f t h i e o er a er e r or e r
m
m m
wn nd th w o l d s good nd th t ut of this city y co
’
o a e r n t a a o a e o
m
,
m m er
re i
e
ere
m
.
m r a
r
e
a
a
ra
e e mra
o
a
e a
a
a
ear
a
a
e
r
a ll th t l ov ly n d o owing m
ou king of It ly wh only liv d f his p op l ? nd s d d t Of
s
m e
e or
re s ,
e
se
e
m
ar
a
e ss
, a
e
es
m
,
h d ly h v
ar a e e on ? Ag in t th t
e e a s a a s a
e s —
d vilish p i it nothing v il n ith i tu n p t ioti
r a a s, e er v r e or
‘
a r s ,
n g n
or a youth n con ci nc n p ity W n n t v n
e or or s e e or e ca o e e
m m
, .
sa y th t du c tion i a uffici nt
e f gu d g in t thi b l ful
a s a s e sa e ar a a s s a e
—
e
hu
vil f
mm mm
, ost of th w tch s who cri s h v s hock d
nity in c nt y
a
or
w n n t unl tt
re e d wh h v
e
ea rs
re
ere
e
m m e
se
o
e
e
a
ere
e
,
o s
o a
e
e
m
typ ic lly A
m
gon f o th co on chools th ough u d t th sc ffol d
e
a
r
Th l if of Will i
e e
e
M Kinl y w s f o his bi th t hi d th
ic n Th i no nvi on nt I shoul d yer a
a
.
s
c
e re
e
s
,
mma
r
e
r
r
r
e
er
r
o
o
e
s
a
ea
sa
.
, ,
m
e
r
e s
s so
e re
ea r
univ s l s t
H w e
er a k Of oth cl s s n l o t n gligibl qu ntity
a o
n ith ich n p oo n ith p ou d n hu bl ; h
as e er r
a e
or
er a se
r, e
a a
er r
s e
or
e
m a
e
.
e
coul d n v t ind e m
kn w no hung h w n t u of s ti fying no luxu y which
body Hi p nts w
er a e
er e
ob G d
as
or
o s re
s
a
a re
s ,
e re s
r
er , o
m m m
.
m
,
m
, , .
is m
up on Th i hous s w th ho s of p obity p i ty p t iot
Th y l
. e r
n d in th d i bl school d s of fifty y s
e ea r e
e e re
e a m
e
ra e
e r
rea
,
er
e ,
m
a r
ea r
m
.
m
, ,
a
o
nd h igh
a
It w a
chi v nt w b fo th
iou nd thoughtful ti
a
a
e .
of th t d y f l t di l y but d p ly th t d y of h p truggl
e m
Th boys
m
as a
Th y l ook d t lif
e e e
,
se r
ere
s a
ee
e re
,
m a
e
a s
e
S
e .
ar
e
s
e
a
e
e
m m m m
.
e r
e
.
”
e houl d
er
e
a
a
m e as
e s
e
e,
o e S
e
n v fo g t th gl o y nd gl ou th t fill d th
e er r e e th nd th r a a r a e e ea r a e
a m
sky wh n th l ong twil ig ht of dou b t
nd th ti f
e
ction h d co
e e
en d u nc
A p c h by Ab h
or a
t inty w s nding
Lincol n a mm m e
a
s ee
er a
ra a
a e
m m m
.
w s an v nt n t only of high
a e eo l ignific nc but of f o ra S a e, ar
m
in th cl ky d w t
e f o th y of young n P t iot
ea r s re ea rs r m e e es m
m e a r
m
.
i
s which h d b n
,
h to ic l xp aion b c p
ee ion t -
a r e r a e re ss , e a e a a ss a e
m
, , .
a
m
s c rific w
mm t g t ; th young n of th count y w
e as oo rea dy e e e r ere rea
m
or
At
‘
th s c ific ; coe w l coa rw th y w
v nt n y s Of g Will i M Kinl y h d this u
se e ee
e dy
ea r
e
a
ea
e
, e
a
oe ,
c
e
e
ere rea
ea r
.
s m
m
m m
on of his count y H w s th ort of youth t who
m
s
ilit y lif in o din y ti
ar w oul d p o
e no tt ction Hi
r
r
ar
. e
es
a e s
ssess a ra
o
s
a
s
m
.
m
h d oth
a
ar
es
mm d
ch nd b ttl
of lif its p ri s nd p l u th n th t of
es a
er
B u t t hi
qu tion Th b nn fl o ting in th o ning b
rea
ind th
e
wa
s
no choic r
w
a
es
th
.
er
e,
a
o
ze
s
a
e
ea s
r
ere
res ,
as
reeze
a
as
a
e o
e
m m mm m
.
t u p t c ll d hi hi n d non oth in to th nk H i
—
a e s a e er e ra s
r
e .
po t t in his fi t u nifo
r ra i i f ili t you ll th hort rs r s a ar o a e S
m
,
It th f c of l d wh coul d n t st y t ho
IS e a e wh n h thought
a a o o a a e e e
e
m
h w s n d d in th fi l d
e
sol di
m m
a
d H dh b ntny
e rs a re
nt d t th h d Of co p ny nd co
ere a
eeH w s Of th
e
e
tuff of which good
ol d h w oul d h v
a e
u t t th h
ea
.
d of
e
a
e
a
.
e ee
a
e
a
a
e ea rs
e s
e o
er
a
e
e ea
a e
a
h l e
s
m
divi ion B ut h did wh t h coul d H nl i t d
.
e
e e
a
s e
s
as a
r
r a e
a er
mm
.
m
, ,
e ffi ci ncy oon tt c t d th
e tt ntion of hi
s up io
a H w s
ra e e a e s s er rs e a
mm m
.
m mm m mm
nd d b v tt d by P id nt Lin coln f g ll nt y in b ttl res
e e , re e e e or a a r a e .
In co ing y wh n n k t d w th o l of u g t
ea rs e e se e o ra e ra o r rea
Civil W
s
m m
hi to y of u tw m
nothing will
r
m m
a r,
gnifi c nt
t th
oi r
d i bl in ll th
th w y in which th
o a
see
e
o
ar
e
es a s
so a
e a
ra e a e
e
w
h d co
a
c
m
ar t
m
cl o
a Wh n th Conf d t
e,
e
th y cknowl dg d th p itil
o a y w th ti
se
logic of f ct nd c d
e a
.
e
e
e
e
e
e
ess
era e a r
a
sa
s a
e
ea se
e
n d d without
ee mm
fighting Wh n th
e m mm .
u u
y of th Union w it w no long
qu tion
e
king no t a king
e ar
r r or es
e
a
sa as
er s, a s
er
m m m
, ,
m
.
Th i no v nt sinc th n tion w
e re s ebo n which h
e p ov d e e a as r a s so r e
its ol id c p city f
s lf gov n nt B oth ction h
a a or se -
er e se s s a re
m m
.
e qu ll y in th t c own of gl o y Th y h d h l d d b t of in
a a r r . e a e a e a e
co p bl i p o t nc nd h d fought it u t with qu l n gy
a ra e r a e a o e er
—
a a e .
y d i
a
th d pea te e
ea
a s r
e e
e a
e
a
ar a
re e
er a
es era
e
m mm m
.
p l a
e m
of co on s ns nd I will y of nlight n d p t ioti
b l ongs t th n lik G
fought nough f honor nd f country
e
nt nd L wh kn w wh n th y h d
o e e
or
e e, a
e ra
a
,
a
or
sa
ee ,
, e
.
o e
e e
e
a r
e
s
a
,
446 THE R
A T OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
se
c
S o it a m
n tu lly bout th t in 1 876—th b g nn ng of th
e
cond c ntury of th R p ublic—h b g n by n l ction t
e
a ra
e
a
e
a
e e a
e e 1
a e e
1
o
e
m m
,
C ong
ch b w hi ho
a m his p ol itic l c
ress ,
er
Th ft f fourteen y s this
I u s th w o d dvi dl y
as s
a
N owh e in
a re er .
e
e rea
e r
er
a
or
se
m
ea r
e re
m
. .
th w o l d w s h
e r in h ony with his nviron nt s h e ;
a e so ar e e a er
nowh
it p ow
e
s
l did his ind w o k with such full con ciou n s Of
Th
ere e se
i of d b t w s n tiv t hi ; h
e rs .
a
m s
ere
e
s
e
e
es
ra
e
m
.
,
m
e a
e
e
e e
ea r
ea e
s
o e
e,
m e
e
m
,
sic k f thi h ll
or Wh n h c s t th p a id ncy th w s
. e e a e o e re s e , e re a
n t o d y w h n his cong
a a sion l s r ic e w s n t of us t hi re s a e v e a o e o
m
m m
.
P ob b ly no o th
r a p id nt h b n in such full nd co di l
er re s e as ee a r a
co union with C ong s if w
m
M Kinl y k n w th l gi l tiv body tho ou ghl y it co p o i
c e e
y xc p t Lincoln lon
e e
re s
s a
,
e
e a e
r
e
s m a
s
e .
m
,
or
ctitud of it p u p o
tiv co u ts di s t
e
s r
e
r
Ou hi to y how s h w su ly n
n d u in by
di t u t t th L gi l tu ; nd on th oth h nd M
s
ssu
s
o
a s er a
r
ing n ttitu d of hostility
e
se s
e
u .
r
s a
r
re
a
s
a
r
m S
a a
e
o
er
re
e
a
a
ex ec
m
, ,
re
hi s e
a
nti t m
p id by p o p t nd l oy l up p o t nd coo p r
of offi c this utu l t u t nd g d s ss n
re
—w s nev sh dow d by singl cl ou d
er
tion
a
—
D uring
e
a
m s
a
r a
r s a re
era
ar
.
o e e
ti l t th p u b l ic w lf
m
a o e e a re a er a e a e .
Wh n h c e
m t th p
th u t o st diffi culty which
e
id ncy h conf ont d situ tion of
e a e
ight w ll h v pp ll d
o
n of
e re s
m e e
e a
r
e a
e
a
a
e m
a
a
a
m
m m
,
l ss s n nd t nquil s lf nfi d n
e ere e a Th ra h d b n st t e -
co e ce . e re a ee a a e
of p ofound co r ci l nd indu t i l d p sion f o which er a a s r a e re s r
hi f i nd h d
s r e id hi l ction would li v th country Our
s a
l tion w ith th out id w o ld l ft uch t b d si d Th
re a s
f l ing b tw n th No th n n d S outh n s ctions of th Union
ee e ee
sa
e
e
s e e
s
r
e
er a
r e m re
er
e e
e
o
e
e e re
e
.
. e
C ibb n whic h co ul d n t p
ar
a
by th p c ding d ini t tion Th w s t t of things in
re e
ea
a
n ntly ndu
a
a m a
Our
e
s ra
m
or a
.
o
e a
ere
er a
a
a
e
a s a e
a
e
ee
re
e e e
mmm
.
n ighbo s hous w s on fi
e r
’
n d th w e g v doub ts s t
a re , a ere ere ra e a o
ou rights
r n d du ti s in th p a i s A n ith w k r e e re se a e er ea o
m m
.
m
, ,
m m
on hi lf nd inc l cul b l h
se a t th cou n try a a e ar o e .
a
Th l
nd t p
— m
t d i b l fo
e
t
e
m
h t
ea s
of s u cc
of glory t
er
ss f ul w —
e s ran of his h b itu l
w s n v rth l ss conf
a
e ood
d
r
e
m m ar
o a
a
a
e e e e
a a
erre
up on hi by uncont oll bl v nts H f lt it u t co ; he
d p lo d its n c ssity ; h st in d l ost t br a king his l
e re e e
r a
m
e
e e
ra
e
e
.
a
e e
o e
s e
re a
tion s with his f ri nd s in o d
p on it t th l t t p o ssib l e
e o
fi st t p v nt nd th n t p ost
e
ca st h la bo d with the u t o st en rgy nd do nd with a n
, e re
e
o nt B ut wh n th di w s
a es
,
mmmr er , r
e
e
o
.
re
a
e
ar
a
e
r, a
e
e
o
e a
448 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
Nothing
m in th glorious lif w sa w g du lly w ning w s or
e
m e e ra a a m
m
a e
a d i bl nd xe p l ry th n its clos Th g ntl hu nity
v ng nc
e
ra
ea D n t l t th
e a
of his wo ds wh n h s w his ss ila nt in d ng jof su
e,
r
hu t hi ; o
e
e ry
his chiv l us c r o
e
a
e
a
e
a
m a
r
a
e
m
. e
a
e
er
e
a ro
m
m a
a
a e
th t th n ws S houl d b b ok n g ntly t his wife ; th fi n
a e e
cou t y with w hich h p ol og i d f th d ge which his
r es
d th w oul d b ing t th g t E xhibition ; nd th h roic resigna
ea r o
e
e
e
rea
a
r e
ze
e
or
a
o
e a m e
a
e
e e
don w e,
’
ll th instinctiv
e re a xp ssions of na tur s l ofty e e e re a e o
and s p u th ot p rid in its nob il ity t onc soft ned nd eu
re a e a e e a
h nc d th n tion sens of l oss Th R p ublic gri v d ov r
m
’
a e e a s e e e e e
—
. e
su ch s n a b ut is p o u d fo ev of h ving p odu c d hi
o After r r er a r e
m
, .
m
, , .
H h d
e ll hi d ys troo p s of fri nd s the ch r of fa e nd
a , a s a , e , ee a
f uitful l b o ; a nd he b c e t l st
r a r e a a a ,
On fo tu ne s c owning sl op
’
r r e,
Th p ill r of p op l ho p
’
e a a e e s e,
Th c ent of a wo l d s d si e er r
’
e re .
(1894)
mm m
I
mofi erm
no p ol ogy f p a king up on ligious th
a f r it is or S e a re e e, o
th
m
e
mm m
o t univ s l of ll th s I int st d in the sci nc f
gov n nt but I
er
m
s er a
int t d o in ligion th n in gov rn
e
nt I nj oy king p olitic l S p ch—I h v
a
a e
eres e
e . a
re re
e re e
a
e e o
e
m mm
,
e e d good a a a ee a e a e a
ny nd h ll k o —but I woul d th sp k on ligion
m
mm m
.
a a s a a e re ra er ea re
a
m
th n on p ol i tic s
m
I co
w s onl y tw nty b u t I co
a
—
nc d S p king on th stu p wh n I
e
.
nc d S p king in th chu ch si
e e
e e
ea
ea
e
e r
e
x
m m
,
y s li
ea r n d I h ll b
ea r in th chu ch v n ft I
er a ut s a e e r e e a er a o
Sp eem m
Of p ol i tic s
m
I f l su of y g ound wh n I k p olitic l
.
ch b ut I f l v n o c t in of y g ound wh n I k ee
ee
e e
re
re er a
r e
r
a e a
e a
a
e
m m
,
m m m m
.
t
e
ll
o a m
p rt ining ta
mm m m
E v n th
gricul tu ; but no n of th s subj cts a pp ls
. e
o a
ci nc of gov n nt th b o d th n ny
occup tion do s n t b c th whol su of lif
e s e
re
e er
o e
e ,
e e
o r a
e
er a
ea
a
p of ssion
r e or a , e o e ra e e e e,
a n d th o wh think up on it diff
se s ong th s lv s th t I
o er o a e e e a
a
m e m
coul d n t sp k up on th subj ct s
m
o
udi nc without disp l sing oth s Whil t
e
t pl s
ea
s r
e
er
o as
.
re
o
e
ea e a
o
ze
e
a
ar
e
e
e
e
e
1U e s d by p er ms is ion .
APPE NDICE S 449
m
.
ca n b e i bl und th b t gov n nt nd th y n b
sera e er e es er e a e ca e
ha p p y und th wo t g
G ov n er m n n t
er
nt ff ct but p rt of th lif which w liv h
e
e
a e
rs
s
ov er
a a
e .
e e e e ere
a nd do
t ou c h
n t d l t ll with th lif b yond whil ligion
es
th infinit ci cl of x i t nc
th t ci cl which w
es e
o
w ll s th
ea
e
a
ll r of
a
e e s e
e
e as
e e
e a
,
e s m
m
e
a
re
a rc
a r p nd on
e th N g t th e S th e ea r o re a er e e, ere
mmm m
.
fo n ng g
re , ca u tt ntion
e If I di cu
a qu tion of gov n
e o r a e . s ss es s er
nt I u t cu th coop tion of
e s se j o ity b fo I n
re e e ra a a r e re ca
p ut
m m m m
tt a
y id
tou ch n hu
h w l g th
into p cti b ut if in p king on ligion I n
er
ea s
n h t f good I h v n t p ok n in v in no
o e
j o ity y b g in t
o ar
a
e
ra
ea r
e a
se ,
or
r
,
a
, S
a
e a
ea
e
a m
o
s
s
e
re
.
e
,
a
ca
m m
m
.
with h i f c up tu n d t th s a u n kn
e l tow d M cc r e o e s ee s ar e a or ,
m
,
re s
Th r h on t doub t s who
ere a
m se s er
e o
e re
m ze
s
a
ar
m
,
t b o k p tic l ; th y t lk if it w
e s e a n vid nc of l e g in a as e re a e e e ar er
t llig n
w
e
ere
t ecoff t c d nd t fu t conn ct th
wi th c hu ch s Th y c ll th
n ow ind d S o
ce
a rr
r
o s
elv Lib l
go
.
f m t
a
if Ch i ti n
e
e
lv s
t th t
ree
a
s a
m
m e
e
se
o re
es
“
so
se
ar
o
era
as
,
”
as
e
o
a
a sser
e
r s
se
a
e
m
.
th e dv nc d thought of th wo l d h di c d d th id
“
a a e e r
”
as s ar e e ea
th t th a i G d e re T th young n I d i t dd s
s a o o e se e es re o a re s
m
.
Ev n o eol d p op l p of t g d ligion
s e er up
e e r e ss o re ar re as a s er
stiti n p don b l in th igno n t b ut unw o thy of th
Tho
o
wh h ol d thi
se
, ar
i w l ook down with
o
a e duc t d
il d cont p t up on
s v e
e ra
m
r e e
e m a e .
su ch
Th y e u
conc l th
n int ll ctu l
a ss m
giv t ligion d finit p l c in th i thought nd liv
as e o re
up io ity nd oft n t k littl
e a
u p tion Tol toy d ini t t th
e
a
e
e
m a
e
s
a
er
e
r
e r
a
m e
s a
a e
es .
p in s t
a o ea e a ss s a s e rs o e
m
.
s
eligiou nti nt ts n t up on
e ss
a re
of th invi ibl fo c of n tu b ut up on n
ea r
id n infi nit univ s
a
nd of
e
e re
e
s
e ss a
e
m
s se
r es
a
a
e
re ,
e
res o
erse a
m a
’
a
s
hi
a dd
s
s,n
s
m
infuln ; nd thi con ciou n
m
n n v
e ss
outg ow Tol toy i ight ;
a ca
th
e
g t p hil o op h
a
ern cogni
s
r
s s
s
e ss ,
s r
e rea
m a re
s er
zes
m
.
h w l i it d
o hi w n p ow s nd h w v t i th univ s
e a re s o er a o as s e er e ,
a nd h l n up on th
e ea th t i st ong
s th n hi M n e ar a s r er a s . a
f ls th w ight of hi in nd l ook f On wh i inl s
ee e e s s s a s or e o s s es .
m mm m
,
m
.
th ti e h ch e tu ity h s fi t so
e rea l tion b tw n
es a r , a x e re a e ee
hi lf nd G d nd no t i l ch ng in this l tion n t k
se a o a a er a a e re a ca a e
THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
m
p l c without
a e volution in th n f this
a rel tion is th mm
e a or re a e
m
,
b uil d up syst
e
mm m
in th g oup of individu ls M t i lists h v tt p t d t
r
of o lity up on th b is of nl ight n d s lf
a e ra
a .
mm
a er a
e as
a e
e
a e
e e
e
e
o
e re s
it p y s hi a mm
int t Th y woul d h v
t m . n figu ut by
e
b t in f o w ong doing ; th y woul d v n
o
th
a
tic s th t
s a
a e
r
a
m m r
re o
-
a
e
e a
e e
a
sy t s e m m
inj ct n l nt of lfi shn ss into lt uis but th o l
e a
mm
l bo t d by th e a
e e
t i li t h s ra e
e
v l d f ct Fi t
se
e a er a
e
m s s
a
a
r
se era
,
e e s
e ra
rs
m
.
,
it virtu s
s bo ow d f o e o l yst s b s d up on ligion
a re rr e r ra s e a e re
m m m m m
.
res
o lity
up on
ra
ting up on
s tu t d wi th th
a re
ligion th t th y c nnot f
o ls d iv d f
on lon S cond s it t up on gu nt th r
rea s a
o sa
re yst
e
sy t s
ra e
ting
e
a e
a mm e
a
re s s
ra
ra
er
e a
ar
e
s
ro
e
e
.
re s
s e
ra e
m m
.
,
m m m
.
m
.
hi on i n t tu ; nd y t
s rea s s n lif i l g ly oul d d
o a re a e a a
’
s e s ar e e
h w o m
by th nvi on nt of hi youth Thi d n n v know j u t
e e
u ch of his d ci ion is du t
r e
on nd h w uch i du e s
s
m
e
.
o rea s
r ,
a
o e e
o
er s
s
s
e
t p s ion
o t s l fi sh int
a s st or P sion
—w cogni thi in u c i in l l ws W l o cogni th
e re ze
n d th on th
o e
s
son
o
e re
r r m m .
m a
as
a
ca e
e a s
r
re
e e rea
ze e
m m
.
no tt h w a on bler up ight h o y b wh h s
re a s a e or r e a e, o a a
p c uni y int
who
e
m t in th
ar ult of th t i l And fou th n
e re s
o lity t up on nic c l cul tion of b n fits t b
se ra
m
re s s
e re s
a e a
e r a
a
.
,
e e
r ,
o
o e
e
s cu
Tho
e d sp nd ti figu ing th t h houl d sp nd in ction
wh k p
re
se
e s
book ccount of th i good d ds ldo do
o ee a
e r
a
a e
e r
s e
ee se
a
m .
er e
e
e
e a
r a
e
m
r r s a a e a ra e .
M o lity i th p ow of ndu nc in
ra s n; end ligion er e ra e a a a re
m
whic h t c h
a
ra
th t n ll s ing y a
p son lea
.
p on ibil ity t G d giv
crutini
a -
es
o lity Th i p ow ful t ining influ nc in th b li f
ee
e re
er
v y thought nd wo d nd
t ngth t
s a
e e s
a re s
er
s
res ra
ze s e er
o o
e
a
e s s re
e e
r
e
a
e
o
ac t of th individu l
Th
m m
is wid diff
ere
e
nc b tw n th
confo hi lif t st nd d of o lity bout hi nd th
r s e
n wh
e
o a
a
i t ying to
.
e re
n a ar
e e
mm m m mee
ra
e
a
a o
a
s r
e a
wh
Th fo e
k t
o see
tt m m
k hi lif pp oxi t t
prt t l iv
s
u
er a
p t t
—
h
o
t nd d
e
divin st nd d
if i
a
t is bov
e
sh i o
s e a
e
m
r
o m e s a
a e
ar
o a e
a
a
e
ar .
m
, ,
wh n o th s
e looking h i u t find ti wh n h thinks
er a re e s s re o a e e e
h is u nob
e v d nd th n h t k
n d th inn t ngth which co
ee s e
ser v c tion nd f ll On
e
e r s re
,
mm
es a
es
a a
e
a
s
a
s
s .
re se
e
e
of p on l G d If tho wh
wh
e
a
o re
e rs
yi ld t t p t tion h w h lp l s nd hop l
o
ly up on th i wn t ngth l on !
e m a thu fo tifi d o
a
o .
u t tho b
e r o
ti
,
s
o
s re
se
e es m o
a
a re
a
e
s
e e ss
r e
s
s e
se
e
e
nm
the D a rw a the r es not th s The a p e , a r to
il m m
.
o y ol d
this the r , is er tha ll a n a nd y et the a p e is sti an ape
wh e u o of
a n is the a th r v l ou civili ion ic the ar e s za t wh h we
c f om m
see a bou
t us .
O do ne y y o v by cc ing i
e s not es a p e r ster h we er , a ep t th s
g m
,
the oy r do
for it x l in o igin
e s not e p a W n
the r fol
of life he the
’
fo m m m
, .
lo wer of win
Dar cd of lif b ck
has tra e the er lo e to the west
—
a
m r
o f i
re
in ic
n li ion c ll
a th tha re g —
foll o
wh h it a p p ea rs a n d to
find
a s for
u x ci
ci n i di
he
w hi one
s tha t s e t sts
st e e r se
ffe r
o j c
Th se who re e t the ea id of c ion divid d in orea t a rec ool e t two s h s,
s e e e tha t the rst er e a e r a ther
g m
l n o
p a et a n d thers h olding of on n ou
tha t it wa s the resul t sp ta e s
g n ion
e e ra t
comll d
o
the ther a nd a s the
c c ool n
Ea h s h
,
.
y c nno g a i c o
n dv nc d by
a swers the a r u
m
t a ree w th ea h ther , I a
e ts a a e
no t
comll d
g i i
p e e to a re e w th e ther .
g m
If I we re pe ecc of
to a ep t one oi oul d
these the r es I w
f fi
p re er the rst , fo r if c of lif
we ca n ha se the er i l n e of f th s p a et
no c
a nd g et it ou t i t u of
S p a e w e c a n g e ss the rest the wa y a nd
no one ca n con dic tra if
t us b ut cc doc in of on
we a ep t the tr e sp
m
,
g n ion
ta neou s e e ra t c nno x l in
we a t e p a on n ou g n
why S p ta e s e era
tion c
GO a
ea se
b ck
d f
a s fa r a s w e
fi g
to a ct a ter the rst e r
mm
cn o c fo
a y , we
c d
w a s rea te
a n t es a p e r c iv the re a t e
.
m m
a ct a n d it is
m
,
a s he is a s to
ju
b li v
y
st a s e a s
e e e tha t ,
for b li v
e to
illion of y m s
c
e e e tha t G o d
c
d
ea rs a g o , Hed
rea te
rea te
an
a
ger of lif
w e se e to d a y
e a nd e
-
ndo d
Iobj c
i o
e t to the D a rw ini n
d v lo n o
we it w th p we r to e e p i t a ll tha t
o y un il o
a the r , t re m
m
.
m
,
oy
the the r tha t thr o ug g no i i u l fo c
h a ll the a es Sp r t a ou c d
r e ha s t he
the lif of
e a n or S ha p ed d iny of n ion
the e st at s
m
.
m
.
n
se ts c ing
a n a s rea h n f c ion by
his p re se t p er e t o ion of
the p era t
—
the la w
a nd
if
ki
of h e the
a t
ll off the wea
the re is a ny l ogic
k
cil
er
i
tha t ca nbind
.
by ic
ess la w
of
If th s is the la w
u n nd
the h
ong c o d
wh h the str
d v lo n
ou r
i
e e
ll u n
n
r w
mm m
p e t the ,
out
a , we S ha t r
b ck d o d
a wa r t w a r the ea st b in o o ion p r p rt ub i u
a s we s st t te the
la w
m
the la w
of l ov e
of d v l o n
e e
f .
p e t
b li v
m
I p re er to e e e tha t l ov
d
How ca n ha tre b e the la w
n
e ra ther tha
of d v l o
d ha tre is
e e p
m
.
n
e t whe n n ion v dv nc d in o o ion
at s ha e a a e p r p rt y v a s the ha e
d ep a rte df o r o d
tha t la w a n d a d p te the la w of l ov e?
l
sha l n ot qu l i you bou
a rre w th
i
B ut , I rep ea t , wh l e I do
a
cc
n ot a
monly f
t it ; I
ini n o y
ep t the D a rw
ind
a
re er to it to re
the r I
m
m
you
p r og
ing f o
tha t it
r
r
e s s
mmm
do
f
I
.
the
e a r t
i cl
ra
ha
olv
e s n ot s
o
t s
e the
ev cc d in
h a e
o d
e , b u t why sh ul
m
y y of lif
a
ster
e p t e i
x l in u n
t
i cl f ig n
the
e or e p a
o of c th
ra
e h
e
p e
r hte
h
e
ms
a
ap
us ?
And y et I a inclin d e ink
to th of
tha t it is one qu ion
the te st e st s
i
w th the Chr st a i in .
APPENDICE S 4 53
m i c nno
Chr st a t b e sep a ra tedfo r i c ou
the m m r a ul bi
s;
m His rth ,
His
l ou
m
ini
s a nd the ha
ion
stra t
c ng
,
ic
e wh h His re
u c ion
s a n d His re s rre t
ligion o k
involv
, a ll
m m n m
e the
w r s 1n the hu a hea rt
ir a cu
mm m
,
is a con inuing i cl
t ra e li in
.E a te the i cl ra i
e s a nd Chr st
b co
e es ly u n b ing
e re a h a e go l
a nd His i of divin
sp e 1 s str p t e
m m
u oiy
a th r t
The i cl
.
ra i
e ra se s tw o qu ion e st s: fo
C a n G od p e r r m
a
m
i cl Wo d n fi y
”
He wa t to ?
” “
ra e? a nd , ul The rst is ea s to a n
swer
m
to do i
.A G o d wh o c a n
w th it o
k
The p wer to p er r
o ld
a e a w r
fo
do ny ing
ca n
cl mm
a
nc
th n He wa ts
ily
ira e s is e e ssa r
m
m m
.
i p e li d in o c
the p w er to rea te o d
B ut w ul G od wa nt to p er r fo
—
m m
.
a ir a cl i
e P th s is the qu ion ic
e st wh h ha s giv n o e st Of the
tr
m
o ub l
n
to a swer
a i cl
ra
e
m mm m
. The
in
o re I ha e
n g iv
the e a t e
e is to a ss u e a
v con id d
o in i
re
s ere l i c d
it the ess n lin e I a
To sa y tha t G od would not p er r
.
t kno l dg of od l n
a te w e e
fo
G
’
s p a s
m
do mm m m m
u o
a nd p rp ses tha
e s p erfo r a
n
i clra
cl i
I ca n a
e or
v
to ha e
fo
a y p er r
i
on e
d ny
I w ll not e
.
ly b c u
e re do
tha t G od
e a se I
n ot
e
c
m
kno
m
m m
w how or why He
ea h d a y wha t G o d w a ts
noug
n don
d cl
do
h to a tte p t to e a re wha t G o d
e s it find
I
e n ow tha t I a
ig
.
v
d cid
it S O d ifli cul t to e
u u ou
not p re s
n d
ht ha e wa te to
pt
e
s
do ou nd of y
th sa s ea rs a g o f c
The a t tha t w e a re con n ly sta t
m
.
l ning of
ea r xi nc of
th e e ste e ne wfo c ugg r es s o ibili y
ests the p ss t
m
tha t G od
the y i i
nc
m a y Op e ra te thr
y ig
ic
ste r e s w th w h h w e
oug fo c h
d l v y
ea e e r
is a s e e ssa r a s S ht Who w ul ha e re ite a e t r a g o
o d v c d d cnuy
k o n
r e s y et un n w
n
d a y wa r f i
to u s a n d
e tha t a th
,
m
.
oi
the st r e s tha t a re n ow t old of ond o king l c ici
the w er w r -
e e tr ty ?
g
m m m
F or a es a n ha d
m m m m
i invi ibl cu n g n
th s s e
kno n
rre t is
w the lig ning
d by
e e ra te
ht only f
a
b ut
and
, to ea r it ; now ,
c in
a e -
a h e i
m
,
i on d in
pr s e a an -
d i
a e w re a n d d do
a e to bidding of
the
an . We a re e e a e to sp e se w th the w re a nd h r w r s
v n bl di n i i ul od
thr oug c
h sp a e , a nd the X ra y ha s e a e u s to
-
n bl d l ook oug thr h
lig m m mm m m
b nc
S u sta
ht The
ic
e s wh h we re s p p se ,
i cl ra e is not
u o d un il c n ly
o re y iou
t
ster
ea s—it is si p
re e t
n ny of
s tha
xclud
, to e
a
e a ll
the
m m m
.
m
.
i cul ou b
ra s irth of i
Chr st is not o y ioure ster n s thao a ny ther
—
m m
conc ion
m mm m
Chr st
ar
i
ep t
m o
k c nnu l d
ea h a
re
i ly u ik
it is s p
y iou ster
a see
s tha
ti e
-
n
nl e it ;
the i d
.
yr a
u c ion
n or is the res rre t
c ion
resu rre t c s whi h
of
It is s o i et e s said tha t G od co d ul u nd
not s sp e of one His
l
m m
a ws w th
ov co
er
m m m
i ou o ingt st p p
e the la w
the univ
of g vi ion v y
ra ta t e er
do
erse , b ut
v y i
u nd
w e n ot s spe
d a y ? E er t e we
or
m ov foo
e a lif
t or ig
t a we ht we te p ra r o ily ov co er of e one the
o univ
st
m
ci nc
S e e ha s ta
conclud
m
ersal
e tha t we
of n u l l
ug
a t ra
ht u s so
kno v w e eryth
ny ing
a
ing
th
o ld
a ws a nd y et the w r di u b d
13 not
s tha t w e a re te
lly g
b ut there is rea
d
st r e
p te to
a rea t
.
m
,
ci nc
S e e
erse , b ut s e e
4 54 THE ART OF PUB LI C S PE AKIN G
ha s n ot y et v l d t u th g t c t—th c t of l if
re ea e o s e rea se re e se re e
found in v ry bl d of g
m mm
.
It is to b e in v y in ct in v y
e e a e ra ss , e er se , e er
bir d nd in v y ni l w ll in n S i thousan d y
a e er a a , as e as a . x ea r s
of co d d hi to y n d y t w know no o bout th c t
re r e s r a e e re a e se re
of lif th n th y kn w in th b ginn ing W liv w p l n ; w
h v a
m u h op
e o
e
u fr
a
s;
co Ov nyon of u nd thi body will b co
e er a
n d y t in
e
es , o o nt ch ng
e
r
e
of lif
ea r
y
s a
e
a
s
e
e ammm m m
. e
e
e
e,
e a
a
e
a
ass
a
e a
e
e
m m
. , , ,
th cl od ? Th p og of th c nd th civil i tion
,
a re a s e e r re ss e ra e a e za
which w n w b hol d e th w o k of
o e
m
n nd w o n wh h v a re e r e a e o a e
n t y t solv d th
o
An d u food
e
o
y t ry of th ir wn liv
e
m
e
u t w und t nd it b fo w t it ? If w
r
ms
s e
e e rs a
e o
e
es
re
.
e ea e
m
,
e
s er
r a
e o
a m
m mm
onths g n d w
e e
m a er e e a o a as
st u c k wi th it b
a
r
n d w igh d th e
uty I took o of th s
nd foun d th t it w oul d
e e m
ea
quir o fi m
ds nd d i d th
m a
. s
a
e e see
re
a
e
r e
s e
e
v e
m m
,
th ou nd sa ds t w igh p ound ; nd th n I pp li d th
see o e a a e a e a e
ti
a t th t fo ty p ound
cs o a
m m mm
l on On of th s d p ut into
r e e e se ee s,
-
.
th gr o und wh n w
e d b y th un nd oi t n d by th in
e ar e e s a s e e e ra
mm
, ,
t k
a ff it co t n d go s t w o k ; it g th s f o
es o s a a o wh e o r a er r s e ere
tw
r w a
r
o
a
m
hu nd d th ou nd ti
m
t i l th ou gh
a er a
re s its
tiny t
wn w ight
const uc ts w t
o n nt th out id with cov rin g of g n ; in id th g n
e s e
r
s
sa
m
n d fo cin g this
lon It
e
a
e
a
s e
e
,
o
r
e
ree
,
a
a
a
s
er
e
r
e
e
.
ree
it p ut l y r of whit nd within th whit co of d nd
s a a e e, a e e a re re , a
a ll th ou gh th r d it c tt d ch n c p bl of continu
e re s a ers see s , ea o e a a e
its t m
ing th w o k of p odu ction Wh do th t littl
e r
e
ere es
s m a
r
e see
a
e
er
H w do
w t
t
a
oo s
o
er m
it coll ct it fl vo ing xt ct ? H w do
re
e
es
l on ? Until you n xp l in w t
u th t you n s t li its t th p ow of th Al ighty nd
a
e
ca
it b u il d
l on do n t b
s
e
a
ca
m
r
e
o
e
a
ra
e
a
er
a er
o
mm e
e
es
, o
a
a
e
m
s y j u t wh t H
a s w oul d do ah w H w oul d do it
e I c nno t or o e . a
m
xp l in th w t l on b ut I t it nd nj oy it
m mm
e a e a er e , ea a e .
Th g g i th
e e o t univ s l of foods nd its us d t f o
s e s er a a e a es r
a
m m e
m
n g g is fm
th b ginning b ut wh t is
e
e o y t iou th n n g g ? Wh n
h it is n i p o t nt rticl of
re s
,
ch ndis ; h n a
a
r a
re
a
s er
e
s a
er
a
a
e
e a
e
e
m m m
n d t oy its k t v lu in w k s ti b ut in tw w ks ’
ca es r ar e a e a ee e, o ee
o h n b ing fo th f o it wh t n coul d n t find in it
re S e ca r r r a a o
m m m
.
W t gg
e ea b ut w c nno t xp l in n g g
e s, e a e a a e
m
.
W t h s b n u d f o th bi th of n ; w l n d ft
a er a ee se r e r a e ea r e a er
mm
it h d b n u d f
it i f
a
s ar
w kno w th t it i n t w t
e
ee g th t it is
re
a
se ly ixtu of g s bu t
o i p ort nt th t w h v w t t drink th n th t
or a
s
a
o
es
a er
a
a e a
e re
e
a
a er o
re a se
a
,
m
.
E v y thing th t g o ws t ll
er lik tory of infinit p ow
a r e s a e s e er
m
.
Why houl d I d ny th t di in h nd f d
s e ultitud with a a v e a e a e a
f w l o v s nd fi h s wh n I s
e a e a hund d s of sillions f d v y
e e ee re e e er
4 56 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
h a s b ee m
n d o ibla e p ss o
m v b n
e b y th se who ha e
m ee ci
willing t o sa r
do m
the w r
o iy
fi ce for p ster t
of con ci nc
o l d by
s e
do of
Free
.
e a ndf gov n n v
those who were w
ree
c f do of
illing l bo
erm
S p ee h , ree
b n
e t ha e a ll
to a
fthe p ress , ree
i
ee w on fo r
r u nselfi shly for the r
f ll o
a
e
nyon
m
.
e as g
ll
w s S o w e e sta
un
re a t
bl i d she
cogni
l e ss he re
i doc in
is th s
m m
uni o n
z e s h ow
do
tr e tha t We g d
l if
p rta t his
not re a r
e is
in co
I find oof
i on i
par s
pr
w th the p r
tha t m
obl
a n wa s
ie
d in m
a e
ic
m
mi g of
d l
s w th w h h he
the a e
ea s
o
.
his Crea t r
in
to die ,
f c
the a t tha t thr
if n c y
ou g o u
,
e e ssa r , tha t
cnui
h t the e t r es
bl ing d ni d
ess s mm
e e ig
b n illing
to hi
,a n ha s
nj oy d
ee
ht b e e
w
e
by c il d n
m c il d n c il d n o ld
’
his h re , his h re s h re a nd the w r .
ing dox
m v lif ll l o
“
The se e p a ra : He tha t sa eth his e s ha se it
lo lif k ll find
m
”
a nd he tha t seth his e fo r y sa e sha it , ha s a n a p p li
c ion id
at
i oy
h st r o
n
w er tha tha t s a l
Th se w ho
u u l y giv n
liv only e
mm e
lv liv li l liv
for the se es
i o of
to it ; it is a n e p t
e tt e
m
e
e s , b ut
m
.
o
th se who sta nd dy givrea to lv
e the se dv nc n
es for the a a e e t
of ing g
th s n
rea te r tha lv find l g lif
the se es a n
a r er e tha the one
the w
m
y oul d v u nd d W nd ll illi g v x
to the sa e id
ha e s rre
n
e a whe
e re
m m
id W i u d n
he sa , mm
.
“
e
ha t
e Ph
pr
p s
bn
e t
ion
a e e p re ss
e n th e e e
f co
t
t
m
m
m
in o n l g v
a
in o i o li y
e e ss
rta t
c
a t rs of the ra e ha e b ee v
il
n
mm
ra e s , wh e now a nd the
”
We win
. i o li y
m
mm
n
u d n ly o
.H ow p r e t
by
rta t , n ot
ink
lv
a few forg et the
b ing re
st
e
en s
se
er
es
ou lv
rse e s , b utby fo g ing ou lv in d vo ion
r ett rse es e ing l g
t to th s a r er
tha n ou lv rse es
m m
.
n d of b ng unn u l l n
I ste a ei an l n of lv ion in
a t ra p a , the p a sa at is
fc
p er e t ha r ony i u n n u
w th h a und
a t re a s we nd e rsta ci it S a r
m
.
oy
Th s ca n b e
e , fo r the st r
n
ea th ha s b ee
n l d in o v y l ngu g
tra s a te t e er a v y
a e a nd e er where it ha s t ou c d he
the hea rt
B ut if
.
I weregoing n gu n in f vo of
to p rese t a n a r e tm
m a r
m the
divini y of
m i
t
or w th the the r
i oul d
Chr st , I w
o y of on n at m
b gin i
e
not i cl
e
ould b gin
e t I w
w th y y
n gi
ra
e
e s or
a s Ca r e
ste r
m e
m
.
Si on do in
p s e s book n i l d
hi s e t t ec of T ih e F a t C h r st Co
m
.
,
i
en cing w th the undi u d f c sp te i liv d
a t tha t Chr st oin e , he p ts
m
out tha t one
so
c nno con
a
l d
e wa y it is re a te
t
o
l i f c i ou f ling
te p a te th s a t w th
liv ng
to th se n ow y i
in t ee
He sa s tha t one ca n
tha t
m
.
rea d of l x nd of
Ae a er, of
Cae sa r or ol on f l
Na p e , a nd not ee tha t it
is a a tterof on l conc n
p ers a er ; n d
b ut tha t w he one rea s tha t
m
so o
he st
i liv d
Chr st e ,
e h w there is a
udi c
e s the
co d
c of
liv d
a nd how He
ha ra te r
r
i
c fo
e di d
a n d how He
tha t stre t hes r
b co
Chr st he e
lif
f l
con ciou of
m
mtha t
es
e , he
s
ee s tha t
e to his
s
. As
ce r
ta in u ic
v irt e s wh h sta nd
m
in bol d li f
out uiyre e His p r t , His for
-
giving i i
m i n
unf o bl l ov
S p r t , a nd His
Chr st p re se ts a n e a p e
con ci u
s o s of his own i
mm a th
x l of u i y in oug
f c ion
a
p rt
eu o co ce
g i v d ov
.
lif
The a th r is
th
s a nd
ht a nd
rre t
e , a nd
er his
.
a n, p er e t r e e
APPE ND ICE S 57
m m m
o co ing finds in p i tion in th f ct th t H w t p t d
sh rt s, s ra e a a e as e e
a
b u t th t m
in ll p oint lik
m w
ch n find ju t h
a ea
nd y t without in
s e as
w y of d t r ining f
ca
I n t u
hi lf
e a re , a
s ere a
e
a e e
s . a
or
o s
se
re
wh th
m m
e ss
r
m e
m
h po
ess
er th t u e
l n of Ch i t in p i within hi n n t d i t con
fo hi lif o n ly t th p f ct x p l h i ind d
s e
p i it of Chri ti n
sse sse s
r s
re
If th
s
in
ea r
res
e r
o
e S
e
r
er e
a
a
e
ea r
a
s
es
e,
a .
e s re
e s
o
e s
ee a
p u i trm
foll ow ; if on th oth h nd h
y
t b bo n g in
of C h i
er
t off n d fu
,
t r s
n t th
nd hi w
p oof w hich th
y
e
h h y t
ers , a
er a
re
,
se s
e rese
o e
s e re
s
r
a s, e as e
e
m o e r a a .
S p im m
Th
i t
r m R m
o t difficult of ll th vi tu t cul tiv t i th fo giving
v
e
ng t b
s
e n tu e l wi th n
e see
; it i hu nt s
a
o e
e
a
r
ra
es o
a
a e s
s
e r
a o
m m
.
w nt t g t v n with n n
a o e y It h v n b n p op ul t
e e a e e as e e ee ar o
m mm
.
bo t of indictiv n ; it w onc in c ib d on
as v e n onue ss as e s r e a a
’
s
nt th t h h d p id both f i nd nd n i
e a e a o th n h
re a r e s a e e es re a e
h d
m
gi n
a
mm
v e
c iv d Thi w n t th p i it of Ch i t H t ught f
re e
nd in th t inco p
e ss a
e .
bl p y which H l ft
s
a
as o e s
a ra
r
e ra er
r s . e a
e e
or
as
m mm m
od l f u p tition H
e
u by which w
ea s re
or o
y cl i
d u will ingn t fo giv th
fo giv n
r e
H n t onl y t ught
e
s,
a
e
a
a e o
r
r
e e ss
ess
e o
o r
a
e e
m m m
.
a nd H p
th y do !
e
a
m
of ll d th Hi p i it of fo giv n
e
ea
ra
s,
e
o bov Hi uff ings
y d F th fo giv th f th y know n t wh t ,
s S
“
a
r
er , r
r
e
e e ss r
e ,
se a
or e
e s s
o
er
a
B ut l ov i th fou nd tion of Ch i t c d Th w o ld h d ’
e s e a r s s ree . e r a
known lov b fo ; p nt h d lov d th i chil dr n nd childr n
e e re a re s a e e r e , a e
th i p e r nts ; hu b nd h d l ov d th ir wiv
a re nd wiv
s th i
a s a e e es , a es e r
hu b nd ;
so
e
s a nd fri nd h d l ov d f i nd ; b ut J
d finition Of lov Hi l ov w
f fl ung th t v n n n
ar -
s a
wid th e
a
.
u gv nw
y coul d n t t v l b yond its
e
e
; it li it w
e
s
a
a
e
e
as as
e
e
m
r e
e as
o
e se a
ra
es
e
s
s
a
e
m e a
s
e
ere
bounds Oth t ch
er
. ought t gul t th liv of th i fol
l ow s by ul nd fo ul b ut Ch i t p l n w t p u ify th
r
er
e a
ea
r m
e rs s
a,
o re
r s
’
a e
s a
e
as
es
o r
e r
e
h ea rt n d th n t l v l ov t di ct th foo t t p
a
th d th of thi hi to ic figu ? R
e ea
e
d in c p nt hop ;
s
ea
s
s
e
o
r
e
e
ra
o
re
re
r m e a re
e
e
s e
e,
a
e
s
ar
.
ea
e er S
a
mm ,
m mm a
r
er
ea rs
e
e
ra s
a ere
a e
s es
r
mm mm
,
h d v
a eknown b fo er n d p ocl i d Hi lf th M i h e re , a r a e se e ess a .
H t ught nd p rfo
e a d i cl s f a f w b i f e onth nd r e ra e or a e r e s a
th n w
th m
e
e
c ucifi d ; Hi di cip l w sc tt d nd ny of
as
p u t t d th ; Hi cl i
r
o w
e
di p ut d Hi u ction
ea m s
s
m a
s
s
es
ere
e re
s
a
e
ere a
s res rre
a
m
,
n
is
a m ligion p d until hund d of ill ion h v t k n His
re
with v
e
S rea
e
e
ee
a e
t dio
h rts
ea
a
th
e ra th n u
H w h ll w
.
nd th f ith which H p ut into th ir
s
o
er
ccount f Hi ? H is th g t st
f ct of hi to y ; h i On wh h s with inc sing p ow f r
r
s
a
a
ere
s rre
e a
s
er
e
e
o
or
a
a
m e re
rea
e
e rea e
er,
e
o
4 58 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE KIN A G
e ee
m
nin t n hund d y s oul d d th h rts th thoughts nd
re ea r mm e e ea e a
m
, ,
th he s of
v e n nd H x rts o influ nc tod y th n v
e , a e e e re e e a a e er
b foe re Wh t think y of Christ ? It is i t b li v Hi
.
“
a e
”
ea s er o e e e
divin th n t xp l in in ny oth w y wh t h s id nd did
e a o e a a er a a e a a
and w s An d I h v g
a . t f ith v n th n b foa e inc I rea er a , e e a e re , S e
h v vi it d th O i nt nd witn
a e s e ed th successful cont st which
r e a e sse e e
C hr i ti nity i w ging g inst th
s a s ligions nd p hil o op hi s of
a a a e re a .
s e
the E a st
m
.
m m
I w a s thi
o c ing
a pp r a h
nking
a nd
a few
ofHi
y
ea rs a g o
in o ono
of
wh se h
i
r the d a y is
c
the Chr st as whi h was the
cl d
n
e eb ra te
m
m
.
c ll d
I re a e the e ssa e ,g “
Pea e c on ea rth ,good i w ll to en ,
”
a nd
the n y th ou g
hts ra n b a ck o cy u
to the p r p he d cnui
ttere e t r es
b fo
m
m
e
m
T o remm
re His
info c
r e
bi
y e
c
rth , in whi h H e w as
oy
r I re rea
d c ib d
es r
d
e
o cy
the p r p he
inc of c
a s the Pr e
found
and I
tte —a
-
Pea e .
i e di ly foll o ing v
a te
ic d cl
wh h e a res tha t
w
of
a
the incre ase
ic
erse wh h I had
of
fo go n
c
His p ea e a nd
r
gov n n
v
er
erse
e t m
there sha ll b e
o l i ju ic
p e p e w th
i
the r se a n d a l
noend An d Isa a h a
st e a nd w th
f l of n ion
at s a nd
i
i j u dg n
dd
,
as
e t
occ ion lly
s , tha t H e sha
, ll j u dg
b n ding of
I ha d ee re a
I ha d gl oo
et a
m
e His
.
m m
a y
m
,
ph il o o
s p her who p rea he c d the doc intr e tha t n ion l k indi
at s i e
mm
,
v idu a ls u of n c i y v
st e e ss t ha e the r i bi i inf ncy
rth , the r a i the r
m
, ,
uiy
at r t a nd fin l y i d c y
a l the r e a a nd ea th d B ut here I re ad of a
—
m
.
gov n n
er e t tha t is to b e p erp e t a u l gov n n of inc ing
a er e t re a s
mm
c
p ea e a n d bl dn
e sse e ss
— the gov n n of
er e t inc
the Pr c
e Of Pea e
mm
a n d it is to rest
t i es
tha t I
du ing
r
ig
on j u ic
l
st e
the a st few
ht p re se t sn o of e
y
v oug of i o cy ny
I ha e th
m
ht .
v lc d i
ea rs , a nd I h a e se e te
the rea s on ic l d
s wh h ea
th s p r p he
th s the e
b li v
e to
a
e e e m
m m
Pea c
a pp e
—
li d
i
tha t Chr st ha s
il
fully n d
a t t e tha t w l
to Hi
ea r e
i l in
If he ca n r
the y
b ing c
ig
ea rs to
e a e
co
t o
c ll d
the r ht to b e a e The Pr
ea
e be o
c individu l
h
inc of
o
re a n d
a h
e
re
ea rt ,
m m m
.
p
a nd if c d
His ree whe a p p e w l n li d i l b ing r pce a eo ug o u
t h r h t the
ea rth , w ho w ill d ny
e ig c ld
His r ht to b e a l e the Pri e nc of c Pea e ?
ha s s
to se
oug
cu
re it
o ld
All the w r is in sea r h
S o
c
ht for p ea e , a n d
v ou g
e ha e th
.
a
m m
c of c v y
p ea
ny v b n
e ;
ha e ee the
e
uc
e r h e a
od
rt
eth
i ic
ht to p r ha se it w th r hes a nd
t v b
h a t e
l oy d
s e
e
p
r ea t
e m m
v l bo d
ha e a re to se cu l
re w e a th , h p o ing find to c n y
p ea e whe the
w ere a e to
o
bl
m
th se w ho ha e e
l g
ar e a
go
ea
j o i y v f il d
r t
re
y l d
whe re the p ea se a nd
v nd vo d
ha e a e to se re the
uc
cu
b uy
c i
to p r ha se p e a e w th
on y e
y l ik d
wha t the
on y
e
mm
e , the
B ut wha t ha s
Of
m .
m m m
.
b n
ee the e p er ex i nc of o
e th se who ha e ee e v b n in n ly ucc ful e t s ess
in fin nc
a e? y ll oy
The a ll te the sa e st r , v iz , tha t the sp e t y n
mm m
.
fi
the rst ha lf of i l iv
the r e s tr i y ng to g et on y f o o
e r the rs a nd
l
the a st ha lf y ng k o
tr i to e ep thers r f o g ing i on y
ett the r e , a nd
tha t the y found c in n i
p e a e e t h e r h alf o S ev vn c d
h a e e e r e a he
m
.
on
the p i t w here the y find di cul y in g ing o l
ffi t e tt p pe e cct o a e p t
the r i on y e ; a nd I kno of no b
w etter indic ion ofat ic l
the e th a
a wa e
ni ze the m
k ning in i coun y n
eth
th s
s
tr tha the
od of on y kinge a m m
inc ing nd ncy c u i
reas
I a
te
ngu in noug
sa -
e
e e
to s r t
h to
. m
4 60 THE ART or PUB LIC S PE AKING
m
m And i ort lity ! Wh will ti t th p c which b li f a o es m a e e ea e a e e
m m
in futu lif h s b ought t th so owing hea rts of th sons
a re
of n ? Y u y t lk t th young bout d th nding ll f
e o
e
a
a
a
r
o
o
e
e rr
a ea e a
e
or
m
,
m m
i within th
s
m mn I w ot t
a
G d nd i
o a
h dow of
C ol on l Ing
r
grea t ffl iction Wh n I w s young
e
e s
o
o t lity His s c t y n w d th t th g t
a
oll nd k d hi f his vi w s on
r a
e
a
ers
e re a r
a
a as
a
.
e
s ere
m e
or
a
a a
e
e r ea
m
.
infid l w n t t ho
e as b ut ncl os d o cop y of p ch of C l
a e, e e a a s ee o
m
.
m
.
n e ss n d fo u nd th t h
a h d p t hi lf bout foll ows
a e a ex res se a as :
I do n t sa y th t th
I do n t y th t th
o
o is no G d I i p ly s y I do n t know
is no l if b yond th g v I i p ly
sa a
a
erey
ere
m e
o ,
e
s
e
a
ra e, mm s
o
sa
.
I do n t kno w An d f o th t d y t this I h v k d y lf
m
”
o r a a o a e as e se
m m
.
th qu tion nd h v b n un b l t
e es a nsw it t y wn tis a e ee a e o a er o o sa
f ction h w coul d nyon find p l u in t king f o
a , o hu
a n e ea s re a r a a
h rtea living f ith nd ub tituting th fo th cold nd ch
a a a s s ere r e a eer
les doct in I do n t know
m
mm m
”
s r e, o .
Ch i t g v u p oof of i
r s a o t lity nd it w s w l co
e s r r a a a a e e
a ss
T
ri se
o e
ra
er
m
u nc ltho it w oul d h dlye, a
f o th d d t convinc u th t th g v is n t th nd
r
rea e
e
n c ss y th t n houl d
v y c t d thing G d h s giv n tongu th t p ocl i s
ea o
o
ar
e
a
see
s a
e
e e
a
e
ar
ra e
e m
a
a
o
o e s
r
e e
a
.
futu lif
,
a re e .
If th F th
p ul l
m
d ign t tou ch with divin p ow th cold nd
e a
h rt of th b u i d co n nd t
se e ss ea
er e
k it burst forth e
s o
r e a r a o
e
m a
er
e
e a
of n
t tho
mm
f o it p i on w ll will h l v n gl ct d in th rth th soul
r
a
e r
s
se
r s
d in th i g of hi C to ? If h toop s t give
a e
o bu h who with d b l o o flo t up on th utu n
s
a s,
e
se
m a e
e
ere
ea e
s
m m
e
rea
ss
e
s
e
r
a
e ea
e s
e a
e
o
m
m
,
m m m
e
co ? If tt m
th w o d s of ho p t th
e
r on of n wh n th f o ts of wint r
ut nd in ni t th ch ng d by th fo c s
a er ,
e o
e a
e s s
a m
m a e,
e
o
e
a
e
me
r s
e r e
e
er a
vi it l ik
s
m
of n tu intoa
p i l p i it of S
ultitu d of fo s n n v di will th i
re
n suff
e a r
r
oy l gu t t this t n nt of cl y ? N Ia
a
nn ihil tion wh n it h s p id bri f
a
es su
er a
o
e r
e m a
e
,
e
ca e
e
a
er
m
e,
a
o,
a
a
a
e
e
re
th t H wh
a notwith t nding hi p p nt p odig lity c t d
e o,
nothing without p urp os nd w t d n t ingl to in ll
mm
a
s a
e, a
s a
as e
a re
o a s
r
m
mm
a
e a
, rea e
a
m
,
a s u s th t w l iv
re g in Ia u th t w liv t d y
e e a a as a s re a e
m e o a
-
.
f
a
or
t th
mm
In C i o I
e
re
c u d f w g ins of wh t th t h d slu b d
a r
e
es
ra
a
ea
:
a
o
a
me
a
.
e ra
ere
h d b n p l nt d on th b nk s of th Nil th y
a ee a e ft it g w e a e e e ea r a er re
m
,
a
r
nd
m m
ll its l in l d sc nd nts h d b n p l nt d n d
a
a e
nu ous t f d th t ing illions of th wo l d An unb ok n
er o ee
ea
f o th t ti until n w its p og ny w oul d t d y b suffi ci ntly
p l nt d
e
e
e
o
ee mm ,
a
r
a
e
ee
e
a
o -
e
r
a
.
a
e
re a
e
r
e
som
f om
ing eth c d
whi h has p wer to dis a r the bodyc tha t we se e , a nd o
m
r
c o ll
tha t we a nn t te the one r
of lif in
e g in of
the ra
f on
ea r th a nd a ir ashi
fo
a newbody
o
the ther
u
whea t ca n th s p a ss u
uc ik
so h l e the Old one
nvi ibl g
If this i
ni i d oug
s
p a re thr
e er
h
m .
mm m
three th ou nd u c ion
sa res rre t s , I shall not doub t tha t oul y s has
p
m
o
mm
w
me
A e e
r
this ea rth
to cl o i lf i
ly f
th e
ra
b li f in i o i y
t se
e ha s
w t
rtal t
h
r
body ui d
a
c u bl d n o du
e
s
i t
o y con ol
n ot nl
t e t o
st
its
s es the
ne wi nc
e
in du l
x s te ne whe
div i a , b ut
.
m
x
m
div id ua lsm
it e erts a p wer o ful influ nc in b inging
c u y ink
If one a t a ll
e
th
e r
s tha t di
an
c b
p ea e n
etw ee
bu
e s a s the
in
r te
m m
.
di e s, he w l i l yi ld o
e iy
re ea s l to the te p ta tion do inju ic
to st e
m m m
to his e h n ig bo r wh e n theci cu r nc
sta uc
e s a re s o
h as to p r ise
se cu i y f o d c ion
r t r ete t if
B ut lly x c
one rea e p e ts to g in
eet a a
m m m
, .
re stra in d f o vil d d by
e r e ee s f of n
the ea r e dl ess reo rse doWe
mm m
.
not kno d
w wha t rew a r s a re in o u
st re for u s or wha t p nish n e ts
a y b e re ser e vd if
b ut the re w e re no o o d
ther it w ul o be s e
m
,
p un is h en t fo r o n e w h od libe e rly
a te con ciou ly ong
a nd s s wr s
a no ther to ha e to v liv fo v in
e re e r co ny
the pa on
Of the p ers
wr
re mm m
p t m
ong d e
es a
ea ,
v
a n d h a e his
a
s
li l n
e
in t bli hing ju tic b tw n n nd thu l ying th f und
e
lfi n l id b
tt e ess a n d se sh e ss a
b li f in i o t lity u t x t p ow ful in flu nc
s
a re
e
I
e
r a
ee e
s
a
e er a
s a
er
e o
e
.
a
e
tion f p c
or ea e .
H h
Ag in Ch i t d
e
a
giv n u
as
, v t b c ll d Th P inc of P c b c u
r s
u of g tn which p o ot p c
e s a
e ser
m ea s
es o
re
e a
m rea
e
e ss
e r
m m e
r
ea e
es
e a
ea
se
e
m m
.
Wh n Hi di cip l qu l d ong th
e s s lv teswhich a rre e a e se es as o
s
a
houl d b g
nd
se v nt of
r a
t t in th K ingdo
e
:
S vic i th
rea
a
of H v n H buk d th
id L t hi wh woul d b chi f t ong you b th
sa
“
e
es
u of g tn ; it l w y er
m e
e
o
s e m ea s
e
re
ea
e es m e
rea
,
a
e re
e ss
e
a
e
e
a
e
s
h as b n t u ; it i t u t d y nd it lw y will b t u th t
ee r e s r e
m
o a a a a s e r e, a
-
m mm
,
h i g
e s t t w h do
re a e s th o t of good An d h w thi old wo ld
o es e s . o s r
w ill b t n fo e d wh n thi t nd d of g tn b co
ra s r e th e s s a ar rea ess e es e
t nd d of v y l if ! N
s a ar
b t g ow ut of th f ct th t w
a s r o
ch oth —th will b p c wh n u i i t do o thing
e
t ying t g t om
ly ll of u cont ov i nd
er
thing f o
e
e
a
ea r
a
a
e a re r
o r
m o
r
e
e rs e s a
s e m
mm
co
r
ea
for ea ch oth
er
mm
Ou n ities n d ni n itier
e re
i l g ly f o
—
r e
e ea e
a
e
a
o
r
r a
os e s a r se
s o
ar
s
e
e
r
m
.
o u fot t g t
f
r e r s uch p o ib l ut of th w o l d th will
o e as as ss e o e r e re
b p c wh n u
e
th wo l d
th divin
e
e
ea e
Th hu
r
e
n .
m m
nd vo i t p ut
m
u of lif i it outgo it e as
e uch p o ibl into
u of hu n lif i it inco ;
o
e
fl w—it re
r e
nt ib u
a
a
ea
e
ea s
s
r s
s
re
o
a
,
as
m
s ov er
a
o
as
e s
ss
s co
s
e
r
m e
tion t th w l f o of ll
a s
e
Ch i t l o l d th w y t p c by giving u
r s
e
e
a re
fo ul f th e
a
a
.
o ea e s a m
r a or e
p op g tion of t uth
o
ti n
r
a
a
t do good h v
a
p l oy
N t ll of tho wh h v
d th C h
v n In th hi to y of th hu n c b ut tw
s e e
i t
ai n th od
e e —
r
m
lly d i d
n t ll Chri
e thod
.
s
e
r
o a
e m
mm e
r s
se
a
a ra
o
e
e
a e rea
m o
o
a
e
es r e
s
s
m m m
.
h v b n u d Th fi t i th fo cibl
a e ee se thod
. n d it has b n
e rs s e r e e , a ee
e p l oy d o t f qu ntly A n h n id which h thinks
e s re e . a as a ea e
is go d ; h t ll hi n ighbo
o e bout it nd th y do n t lik it
e s s e rs a a e o e .
4 62 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
m
m m
Th s i k hi ng y ; h think it w oul d b
a es a m m
u ch b tt f r
r e s e so e er o
m m
the
a
if th y w oul d lik it nd i ing club h tt p t t
e
o
a
e
,
r
se z
e a
a , e a
e
e
a
s o
m
.
w o k both w y ; wh n
r s n st rts u t t
a s co p l hi n ighbo e a a a o o e s e rs
t think
o h do s h g n
ch ll ng nd th y p nd
a e e a
as lly find th will ing t cc p t th
oth th t th y h v no ti l ft t do ch ot h good
e e
uch ti in t yin g t co c ch
e
mm
,
m s
e
e
e e ra
so
s
e
e
r o
o a
e r e ea
e e
m
er a e a e e e o ea er .
m m Th o th
ov co er
e i th B ib l p l n
il with good e ev
er
An d th
B n t ov co
s
i no oth
m m mm m
e
—I g t o c dit f r
Of vil b u t
m m
w y of ov
e
”
a e
ere
o
s
er
er
e
a
e
er
m m
.
mm
.
y f ing th n I d rv nd y littl f
ar a c iv o
e se e, a e ar re e es re
a dv rti ing th n it i ntitl d t B ut I
e s a f nough t
s e e o a ar er e o
m m
.
a
s
o
e
e
ere
r e
m m
con ta nt cutting b u t h v th b n fit Of th c op b id s
s , a e e e e e r es e .
In o d th t thr er ight b no i t k in Hi p l n Of p p
a
g ting th t uth Ch i t w nt into d t il n d l id p h is up on
a e r ,
m—
e re
mr s e
e
e a
s a
a
e
a
s
e
a
as
ro a
v lu of x p l
m S O l iv th t oth ing you good fl
th e a e e a e e a ers see r
wo k
H v nea
r y bs
The
con t in d t gl o ify you F th which i in
a
i no hu
”
e
n influ nc ere
mm
p o t nt f
s ra
s
m m good s
e o
a
r
e e
r
so
a
e
er
or
s
a
m m
.
th t which go
a ut f o n up ight l if
es o A on y b r a r e . se r a e
a n w d ; th gu nt p nt d in p ch y b di p ut d
s ere e ar e s re se e a s ee a e s e
—
m
,
b u t no n n nw
o e caC i i n l if
h t it i th un n w
a s er a bl r s a e s e a s e ra e
gu nt in f vo of u ligion
m
ar e a r o r re
—
.
It y b
sil nt infl u nc
e
l ow p oc s thi conv ion of th w o l d by th
a
e
e a s
—
of nobl x p l bu t it is th only su n
e a
r es
e e a m s
e
ers
e
e r
re o
e
e,
a nd th doc t in e p p li t n tion r w ll
e a t in dividu l es Th o a s as e as o a s . e
G o p l of th P inc of P c g iv s u th onl y hOp th t th
s e e r e ea e e s e e a e
— ing hop — f th ub titution of
wo ld h
re a s
r
on f th bit
ti n l di p u t
o a
nd it i as
or
s
n inc a
nt of fo c in th ttl nt of int n
e ar
An d u n tion o ught n t t w it f
es
ra
s a
m oth
e
o r
rea s
a
r e
e
e se
o
o
e
o
m
e s
e
a
s
or
er a
er
n tion —it ought t t ke th l d nd p ov it f ith in th
m
.
a s o a e ea a r e s a e
m m
o nip ot nc of t uth
B u t Ch i t h
e
giv n u r s
e
p l tfo as
r
fund nt l th t it
.
e s a a r so a e a a
ca
mn b
mm
pp l
a
i d
e au cc full
in p l tfo ; w tt nd conv ntions o ti
r
y t
s
lle con ts ov i
e a
W e ss in t
t v l ing l ong
e
t d o a
e
r e rs e s
s e
.
es
e a re
ra e
e re s e
m
,
di t nc ; w h v w o dy w ov th p h ol ogy of v rious
s a es e a e r a rs er e ra se a
p
e m
l
ndo
ank
m m
n
m
d
rse
t
s,h n w
nt of th p l tfo
a w
e
g n t c
t th p o ll
ep i g n s t
Th p l tfo
e se
c u
e t h
giv na
a e
r
ea r
s a
es
e
a
s
a
e
o
a
se
r
re
e
e
m m m
.
t th w o l d by Th P inc of P c i
o e r o f ching nd
e r e ea e s re a r rea-
a
o co p h n iv th n ny p l tfo
re re e v w itt n by th con
s e a a a r e er r e e
o mm
m
v e
n
nti n of
co
e
ar
m ny p
o ty in ny co u nt y
s
a
a
nd nt tho of th t n which l t t
to w d hi f ll ow s n d n j oin d up on u th rule
Wh n H cond ns d into
e
ar
a
n s duty
Thou h lt
se
a
e e
e e
r .
s
e
re a e
e
e
e,
o
“
e
a
e
’
s a
m m
l ov thy n ighbo thy lf H p nt d p l n f th olu ”
e e r as se e re se e a a or e s
m m
,
e,
o
o
e a re
e
e e
e
,
e
e
a
see m
ra
e r
e
e
a
,
a
a , m
sa
ea s r
e
m
wi thin f w dec des th p ow r which th y invok d p ov d
ighti th n th l gion of th
er
a e
p o
a
m
a
nd th f ith in which
e e s
e
e e
e
m er r a
e
e a
e r e
th y di d w t iu p h nt
m
ll th l nd It is s id th t thos
m
’
e e as r a o er a e a a a e
m m m
.
Wh t is it th t n nt into th h rt of
a a n nd k hi
ca e er e ea a a a e
di e asth di ? Th y w ese g t conqu o s in th i d th
e e ere rea er er r e r ea
th n th y coul d h v b n h d th y p u ch
a e d lif by u nd a e ee a e r a se e a s rre er
of th i f ith e r a
m
.
Wh t woul d h v b n th f t of th chu ch if th
a a ly e ee e a e e r e ea r
Ch i sti n s h d h d
r a littl f ith any of u Ch i ti ns Of
a as e a as a o r r s a
m
t d y?
o And if th Ch i ti n of t d y h d th f ith Of th
a e r s a s o a a e
m a e
- -
m
,
p op h cy th t v y kn h ll b w nd v y tongu conf ?
r e a e
— er ee s a o a e er e e ss
I gl d th t H wh i c ll d th P inc of P c wh n
a a
b ing p c t v y t oubl d h t nd who t ching
r ea e o e
a
er
e,
r
o s
e
a e
ea r
e
a
r
m
e
se
m ea
ea e
s , exe
o ca
m
m
m
p lifi d in l if
e will b ing p c b tw n e,
co un ity nd co unity b tw n S t t nd S t t b tw n
n tion nd n tion th oughout th w o l d— I
a a
a
a
n nd n b tw
gl d th t H
m
m n r
r
ea
,
e
e
e
ee
e
ee
r
a
a e a
a
a m mm a
a
a
e,
, e
e
a
ee
ee
e
th co p l t n
h t
ea r
e
s
nd g
m
A th Ch i sti n g ow o l d
t ful f
a
e
with which Ch i t
th p
e e
h pp ci t s
r
ti fi
ra e
e ss
o nd o
c which h nj oy nd f th
a
th l onging of th
r
or
s
e
er
ea
r s
e
e a
sa
re
s es
a e
e e
e
re a
s a
s
or
re
e
e
m
, ,
m m
,
I kn l in nhood I kn lt in youth ee a , as e ,
RUF US CHOA TE
GY OF WEB S TE R E UL O
mm m
W b t r p ossess d th l
e s e nt of n i p iv cha ct r
in p iring g d tru t nd d i tion n t un ingl d with lov
s re ar
e
s a
e e e
a
e
ra
a
o
re ss
e
e ra e
e
,
m
.
, ,
m m mm m
, ,
u ch f uch fo c of will nd
a e , so uch int ll ct it fill d r e a so e e e
m
, ,
m m
.
m
,
h g v t hi p
e a nts in l g t
e ou hono l ov Ob d nc ;
s a re , a r es ea s re , r, e, e 1e e
APPENDICE S 46 5
mndb o
tha t he ea er a pp r p r a te
m
g ly
the rst o i m
ea s wh h he ul co co d m d fi n ic
a
m m
to rel e e the a ther r iv
the e ts
c ic
fessiona l p ra t e tha t he i ht s the the
f
i lf
tra te to e
his r ther a n d h se ; tha t he se e te his rst p a e
i
d
a te
m on of old
his
l c of
p ro
duc fo
g oo
d b con c
lc d fi
co ng
age
m
.
c l m
f i nd W n
r e s he I hea r hi a
. ccu d of lfi n se se col d
sh ess , a nd a , bad
n u
a t re , I re a l hi ly ng l l i g i ou
S ee p es s a ll ni ht , n ot w th t tea rs
o d com d dm d
of boy ood con ing i
h , fe rr ki l d ling d
w th E ze e how the a r of esire
bo th hea rts sh ul be p as se , a nd he , too , a itte to the
p re ciou
a se
a nd
s pr
c u of bo b o
di c ning
s er
iv l g
i e es Of e
th r the rs in
c ion of
a ffe t
m
du c ion cou g ou ly l di g
mthe
o
at
o ning
the
;
rv iling by
u nding
ther
ra e
; p re a i
udi
s sp e
s p ea n
the w se
his st
the
es
mn n bol lf of v il g m
,
of g ing d d
the la w , a nd re ister c i g c ool
ee s a n d tea h n n s h to ea r the
ea s , for th , a a in lv of
the se es o o uni y ic the p p rt t wh h
o o of om
hi thr h e, rn hi whe lov
ea , w th a e a nd a
o o v y ond f
s rr w er w ing
er ul , p a ss the s rr w n ll
w a ; I re ca
cou l o of m m
u b nd
the h s a f
, the of
a ther livi g
the of n ly d
a nd d
the e a r ep a rte ,
f i nd
the r e , the nse r ny y a go
ea rs a n d y hea rt r w s too ,
n u c ving v f i nd
His a fi ectiona te a t re ra e er r e ship , a s well a s the
,
mm
,
g u unb nd
eni s e lv l yfuln of c il d ood flo d
the se e s to the p a e ss h h we
m
,
ou t in g c f
ra e ul o i ind g d of
e r es ul e d d
the p a st or the ea Of
y —g v
,
g n ou k c of
e er s s e t h es iv l
his r a s ig con n ion
the h h dd n
te t n ow hi e
e a rth —
-
by
u o
the ha
mm m
ndf oful
c ll d
a th rs , re a e
ou
v n l o ion
for the e r a e
d fif y y
h rs p a sse
ic t n
t i g ea rs a g o w th
s wh h the d the
y
rea t
a e
to
mm m
liv
m
e a nd re e
f i nd i no
r e sh p ,
ber one w r
v l in
no
an —
o d of of n n
o
th e s ul
an
fo And r
young
Ol d or
conv
n
u ion of nd lic cy
s n ll
y
on of
these
— we t a wa
i
ersa ti . s
to re,
e p r a e es o e a s e a , on e
m m
,
m m
,
the rea t li y of vi u of
rt e , io i of n u i
p a tr t s , of
e th s a s og the p r ress
—
m m
,
of an on e doub c on ig ou n
, t ast r hte nc
s e ss , or te p era e , or
judg nt t co
m
I h v l m
th t in th l t
a
e
a
e
o
n d by vid nc th o t di ct nd ti f cto y
e ea r
as
e
e
e
s
e e e
e
s re
e a
a
e
sa
a
s a
e es
r
hi n tu —his con id
e,
t
o
mm m m
o
s
u t in
ma
a m m
k th h p p y nd t
e
re tion of o th
eth
hi g ntl n
h ppy
o nd o b utiful n d h bitu l xp ions th n
re a
—
a
hi d ir
s
d t co
era
a
re ea
o se e
a
e rs,
e
a
s
a
e
a
e
see
e
e ss ,
ress
e
s
o
es
a
e
e
v b fo
m Th l ong d y p ublic t k w f lt t b don ; ’
e er e re e a s as s ere e o e e
m m m
.
th c e s th
a re un c t inti s th ent l conflict of high p l c
er a e e e a s a e,
m m
, ,
w ere e nd d ; nd h c e ho t a cov hi lf f th f w e a e e o re er se or e e
y ea rs
m
which h
go h nc t b h no o
e e
ight till xp ct w oul d b his b fo
oAnd th e
e
I assu
ere
h shoul d
s
d nd dul y re
e
.
e
ere ,
e
a
e re
re
e
a
4 66 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
m m
,
or e ere or e e a s e se -
re r a
f nyt hing don
or a nything o itt d by hi lf ; no i it tione or a e se rr a
m
,
r s e a re s ea e
m m m
,
and h op f hi co u nt y wh n h b c
e or th ub j ct of con
s r , e S e e a e e s e
v s tion nd f ll ound hi th d
er a , a t nd o t indif
or a ar , e e a re s a s
f nt f ll b thing thing bout hi th ov fl ow of th
nd b n vol nc —
ere or a rea s a e er e
kind t h t g owing in g ntl n
m mm m
, ,
es ea r p t n l
r e e ess a e e e e a er a
m
m
,
p t i ch l ff ction s
a r ar ing t b co
a a o natu l w
e , see o e e re ra , ar ,
m
.
th tint on th
e ky of p ting d y ;
s n d th l t l ing ing
e s ys ar a a e as er ra
m
,
m
,
c
ha ra ter wa s
a m d
ou of c lm— o
lov d
a e to b e el ov d It wa so e Th se
of g n l ov d m l in n ig bo lov d m
. .
who kn ew a n d sa w it in its h r a co d o
th se who ul rep se
—
l on om
on tha t s t ree e hi His p a e h rs e hi ;
o ld m du c d young m l ov d m m
.
a nd o ne sa id n
, w he l id in g v
he w a s a his ra e , How es e the
w r
of the
see
go l
s!
l ov d m u
sp e , the
E a te
g n l in l ig nc of
e era te l e
en
coun y
e
e
the m
ni
hi The i sters
tr , the a sse s
.
f
rea d by m
a a r off
m i lion
l
e ,hi
m
s , so
y
Tr e , the ha d n ot
uc dul ion of
h a at
found in
.
o l
m m c
uc of
the p e p e ; so
his sp ee hes ,
h
m om o l d m
the u ic ic ob
s wh h r s the p ublic on of i lf
re a s ny
tse ; so a p hra se s
Of hu a ni y i n o y
t a n d p h l a thr p ; a n d s e ha d t the he wa s
col d— oli y in
c mn
l of y
a
t
l ov d m
e
e
a nd
hi
ea rer a n d
b
n
etter ;
s
y
ta r
d
m
ea re r to hi
g n
the hea r how te nd
, y c mn
v yy
his rea t e ss ; b ut e e r
a n d a s the
b n
a
er the son ha d
y
y e
e a r the
ea re r , the
ee the
l in im
,
u b nd
h s a , the bo f f i nd
r the r , the a the r , the r e n ig bo , a nd e h r ; tha t
he wa s p a , s l n u l g n ou o i b l
p e , a t ra e e r —
s , h sp ta e the hea rt
,
l g
a r e r tha n in
the b ra l ov d li l c il d n
; tha t he e tt e h v re a nd re er
cl v un o mM o
e n ce d G o d ci u
the S r p t re s, the S a bb on i u ion
a th da y , the C st t t -
m
—
n v l d l ing of ngl nd m
, ,
a n d the la w i
a nd the r he a rts a e t hi uly of re tr .
hi tha e e n v n of g
the rea t a a ar ig
E a ht it b e
old m f om c im g on m
,
giv c oolboy
e s h s a h a , w r h re r s h a nd
un v iling l m
en r the h n y co n e r er , to a ze di d
hi -
ere he e
coun ym
.
g
The rea t a n d a a n ion fi
a e ta t v ld
s d
rst re ea e the e ep
p l c
a e h e h a in
d t he h eofa rt s his n tr e
you v m
.
i
You a re n ow to a d d to th s his e tra r x o din y o of ar p we r in
fl u en cin g the
p le
b gin by d m
te d th e s
convic ion of o
u v y of
r e m
t
t h e
s
gg g m
n of g n
e a
bythers
s h
c
is
sp e e h , a n d
rea t e ss g in
A n d h
ha e co
e r e a a
ium o di ily d m
, , .
d incom ibl
I e a i ing r an a d
re a te of xc ll nc
a e up e e e e s a nd
um m
tr p h s , r n a r e e e p a t ok i con
e H e S p e w t h .
s a te abil i y t to the e b nc x c ly
h , a n d y et e a t cco ding a s, a r to
ok i con um m
v y ound c non of
e er s a ic b nc oug
ta ste a nd eth s , the e h ht to b e
a dd d
re sse He S p e w th. s bili y
a te a ju y
t to the r , a nd
x c ly
y et e a t as cco ding
a r v y ound c non
to e e r
, s o lly
a , tha t t ta
4 68 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKIN G
m
re a s
m
m
on wisdo g vity n d b uty ch ng d t th t up ml oqu nc —g nd
ra a ea a e o a s er
m m m
, ,
m
,
hu n th t a t con u a t ra re s
p id s a e e e e ra ra
m m m m
, , ,
p th tic t
a e ibl ; th liq uid i u u infi nitu gu th t Cic o
, e rr e e a e s e a er
ight h v cogni d ; th a st
e re t iu p h of n in th ze st e a er r a e ra re
m m m m m
Opp o tu nity Of his nob l p o w
r
e
er .
e re s a e a e, a
m
,
m m
.
Of x cu tiv p ow
e e foll owing th e ov l of th d p o its which
er e re a e e s ,
th y wh h
e d th will n v fo g t nd so which t in
o ea r e e er r e a e re s
m mm
,
th t dition of h
e ra onl y B ut th w oth fi l ds of ea rers ere ere er e
m mmm
.
m
, ,
m e
m m mm m
u g nt p olitic l qu tions of th d y
r e
dit tions of n hou d vot d t th
a
a d ign d t l d th
a b nc of so
es
r e e
e a
o
, or
e re
es
e
e
ra
o
e
ea e
e
n tion l
m
a
m of so incid nt
a e ra , king th p og ss of th
n tion nd lifting hi up t V i w of wh t is nd wh t i p st
a a
or e
o a
e
e
ar
a
e
a
r re
a s a
e
m
, ,
m
,
m
or
t o
of so g t hi to ic l n
b — w h v l
m
th co n —
e
n d th t th n nd th
e
j u t bo n by th n tion t his
rea
a e t th bea r
s
of B unk e
r a
a
a
e
e,
a
s r
ere , a
e
e
e
a se
a o
er
mm m
Hill b fo ,
m e ston re w s l id nd
fini h d colu n th c ntu i l ook d on hi ; in F n uil H ll
s e
ou ning f thos with whos S p ok n writt n l oqu nc of
r or
e g in wh n f o th
r
e
e
er
e
e
r es
a
e
a
e
,
e
a
or
’
a a
e e
e
a e
r
e e
a
e
m
f do its ch h d
ree
mm
Ply o uth ; b fo
ston l f t on e noth b fo hi
e
oft n ound d ; on th Rock of
th C p itol of which th
ar
e
es
h ll n t b
re
o y h ll h v c s d t liv
a er
n e
a
e
so
a
re s
,
e
e
res
r s
e
a
ere s
a e
a
ea e
e
o e o
o
e
e
—in u ch s c n s unf tt d by th l w of fo n ic
m
mm e
hi ; o
m m
nt y d b t
s
m
ar
s e
e
rea
e
a e,
g t hi to ic l c n of A ic ound ; ll sy bols
e
ul titu d s uncount d lifting up th i y t
, p li
s
e
r
e re
a
e
s e es
e
e
a
er
s
a ar
re s or
e r e
a
ar
es
a
o
p
mm m
ast
—
n t m
of h gl o y nd t nd p ow nd fo tun th ; voic s of th
u
er
nh d ; h o p s b
r
c k
a
oning f o
ea r t h f u t
ar
u n t u n
a
s a e
er a
e
r
r
e ere
e re ,
e
o
e
m m
,
se n e o ti th t
s ighty int ll ct bo n up w d t h ight
e es a e e , r e ar o a e
a n d kindl d t n ill u in tion which w sh ll
e o a no o a e a see re ,
w ou ght u t s it w
r in n in t nt p ictu of vi ion w ning
o a ere , a s a a re s ar
m m m m
, , ,
p diction ; th p og
re s of th n tion ; th cont sts Of its s ;
e r re s e a e ra e ra
a m
th h oic d ths ; th
rt i
e
m
er otiv s t p trioti ; th
ea
p i l b y which th gl o ry h s b n g th
s
h ight n d—w ou ght ut in n inst nt
er a
xi s n d
d nd y b
e
e
e o
a
a
ee
s
a ere
e
a
a
a
a
e
e
wh n ll m m
e
e e
co d of u ind h ll di
a re r
rp ictu t f d o nl y
o r
o ,
S
a
a e
a , a re o a e
m
.
tm o re m
In l oo king ov th p u b l ic
k h w v n in th t ost sob nd
ar
ins of his o tory it is triking
o
er
e siv und e t nd
e
a
re a
er a
ra
as
,
e
s
ers a
m m m
,
m
, ,
a tt t d in it s p f c tly s if it w
es e afl ow th t coul d g ow
er e a ere a er a r
m m
in no oth cl i t nd in no oth hou of th y
er
inst nc in n thing onl y It is p culi ity of so schools
e a e o
a e a d y
e
L t
.
er
a
r
e ar
e ea r or
e
a . e
APPE NDICE S 4 69
era , a m er e S
, a
ea er,
e, a
mm
rea
a
,
a
a es
a
a r
p ok n hi to y of th ti s eTh o e s e s r e e ere
m
.
i
s n loqu nc Of n xp i ing n tion uch
a e e e t a e r a s as see s o
m m
,
u
e
s
which
e re ss
o t ou nful o t wful of th wo d which
—
r
th
, n
l oqu nc of p i hing
m
mm y s
ra
a
a a
e r
ss
s
e
mm s
a
ee es
a
,
tt er , n or y h a a ea r e e e e a er s
n tion
a .
as
a
re , a
as s re
e
ar
ar
,
,
r
a
s
e
a
r es
a zz
o
e
t t f
es th high t p i
or of th ; uch th t in which th
e es r ze ea r s as a e
ea
L nd of P o i ;
a
er
u ch m
l d of I l in it fi t d y hold up t th n w n tion th
sra e
th t which in th
r w ll ise gin d
s
s
rs
as
a s
a
s o e
e
e
e -
a
m
m a e
e
p ch c tt d by Livy ov th hi to y of th j tic
m
“
s ee es s a e re er e s r e a es
i of victo i p k th Ro
m n con ciou n of g owing ”
se r e s r es s ea s e a s s e ss r
gf y
o h
r
i ing oldi
er r s
t th t ib un of h volution in th bull tin
F nc tol d t th wo l d h s
,
d
a
of
e
e rs ,
r
ra
es
e
e r re
o e r
,
er
e
rea m
e s
m
or
wh t i ou —c h
.
m
, ,
t c nd t th fi t cl of p ow
o as e o in nc nd con id tion
e rs a ss er , e e e, a s era ,
a n d con ciou of i t lf s It i t no p u p o th t th y t ll y u it
s se s o r se a e e o
m
.
i in b d t t ; th t it p t k
s a of og nc n d v nity ; th t
as e a ar a es a rr a e a a a a
t u n tion l good b
r e a ding woul d n t know
a t kn ow ree o , or se e o ,
wh th e th n tion i o l d
er young ; wh th th tid of b ing
e a s or e er e es e
a re in th i fl w b b ; wh th
e r th cou o of th un or e e er e se rsers e s a re
s
y
inking lowly t
ea rs ,
t w s i d with j ou n y of thou nd
ju t bounding f o th O i nt unb th d High
or s
o re s , ea r e
r m
m m e r e
a r e
rea e
a sa
er
m
.
ic find it o to nd p o t nd ti t t
er a
L t th downw d g Of
ct it p i it
s ra
a
rs a
s s
e s a
e ss . e
ar s s
e
o e re
ar
s S
a e
r
m
,
m
Until th
ee
v nth d y of M ch 1850 I think it w oul d h v
b n cco d d t hi by n hn t univ l ccl i
a r
e se
e
e
ogn l
a
a a
ar
os
,
ersa
,
a a m as e
a
e ra
e
m
,
m
e
e
m
nthu i
a
lov nd t u t
n hip t i d by
s
s as
v by p ti s nd wholly f
er
,
ar
v
r e
, lut d con p icu ou t t s
ny c i of ff i in g t n tion git t d
e ,
e, a
a
a
r s
r se s
,
ree
as e
.
a
e r sa
a rs a
e
rea
s
a ,
s s a e
a a e
4 70 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
m m
P
D l iv d T p o ry Ch i n of P og s iv
e ere as e ra a r a r re s e
N tion l C onv ntion Chic go Ill J u n
m
a a 19 1 1 e , a , .
, e, .
m
.
m
.
, .
t nd f
s a oci l b oth hood
or a g inst v g individu lis
s a r er as a a sa a e a
m m
.
p t
e i tion W t nd f
. u tu l h lp ful n s in t d of utu l
e s a or a e es s ea a
h t d
a re W t nd f qu l ight s f ct of lif inst d of
e s a or e a r s a a a e ea a
m
.
mm
.
p ctic l truth in st d of
ra a ningl s p t ns W t nd f ea a ea es re e e . e s a or
a re
p nt tiv gov n nt th t p nt th p op l W
rese a e er e a re re se s e e e e
m
.
T c
st u ctiv
r
o
fo W
a rr
e m m
y ut u p incip l s w h v p l in p ogo
n t t down only th t which i
re r
o rof con r
e ea
e
o
e
ea r
a e a a r ra
a
m s
m
.
w ong nd ut of d t ;
r a n d wh w t
o down w nt a e a e re e ea r e ea o
buil d wh t i right nd fitt d t th ti
c ll of th p nt W
a
a
m
e m
nt m s W h k n t th
k l w s fi t condition s th y
rese
a
e ea
e
o
o
a
e
e a
es . e ar e
s a
o
e
e
m
.
a re a nd t th n ds of th p op l whee on th t d y
e ee e e e o a re ea r o -
a .
Th t w a y do thi w fou nd
e ap ty th o u gh which ll wh s e a ar r a o
b li v with u
a
e e e n w o k wi th u ;
ll gi nc t th p ty which th p op l th
e a e o
th w d cl
s ca
e lv s h v
u
ar
r s
e
or,
e
ra
e
er ,
e m
e
se
e
e
a re o
a
r
e
found d e
m m m
.
F this p ty co
or s f o th g ss oo ts
ar It h s g own f o e r e ra r . a r r
th oil Of th p op l h d n c iti
e s eIt h th vit l i ty of
e e s
’
ar e ess es . as e a
th p op l s t ong convictions Th p o p l h v w o k t b
’
e e e s r . e e e a e r o e
don nd u p ty i h t do th t w o k Abu will only
e a o r ar s e re o a r se
m
.
t ngth n it
s re idicul only h t n it g owth f l hood onl y
e , r e as e s r , a se
sp d it victory F y
ee s thi s p ty h s b n fo ing P ti s or e a rs ar a ee r ar e
m
. .
e xi t f th p op l ; n t th p op l f p ti s Y t f y
s or e e e o e e e or ar e . e or ea rs
th p ol itici n h v
e d th p op l do th w o k of th p ti
a s a e a e e e e e r e ar es
in t d of th p rti doing th w o k Of th p op l — nd th
s ea e a es e r e e e a e
p ol i tici n s wn th p ti sa Th p op l vot f
o n p rtye ndar e . e e e e or o e a a
find th i hop tu n d t sh on th i lip ; nd th n t p unish
e r es r e o a es e r s a e o
th t p ty th y vo t f
a
victo i h v co t b
r es
ar th o th ,
a
p t
e
y S O
e i t is t h
l y th p op l s v ng nc ; nd mt p
e
ti n
e
o
or
e m e
ere
er ar
e
.
e e
m
’
e
a
ea
ar
e a
sa
m m
a lw y th c t p ow s h v p l y d th i g
a s e se re er a e a e e r a e .
Lik oth f p op l
e o t of u s A ric ns
er re e p og e iv e, s e a a re r re ss e
or ction y lib l
rea con v tiv Th n ut l do n t
ar e ra or ser a e e e ra s o
m
.
,
m
.
p og
r iv re ss w ho ll y c tion
e or y D oc t ic p o l i tici n s n d re a ar e ra a a
m
.
ra ar s p rog s iv vi ws
r re ss e e o e ress re s e e .
4 72 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
The se ci l int sts which suck th p op l s ub t nc
S pe a ere e e e
’
s s a e a re
bi p ti n
-
m
ar Th y u s b oth p rti s
sa
gov n nt b hind u vi ibl gov n nt D oc tic nd
er e
. Th y
e
et h invi ibl
o
e
r s e
a e
er
.
m e
e a re
e m e
ra
s
a
e
m
.
N o tt r h w fi c ly th y p t nd t fight n
a e o noth b fo
er e e re e o o e a er e re
p
l ction th y wo k tog th ft l ction And cting s this
e e
o l
nd n
i tic l con p ia
ee
cy
,
is b l
d d l w f th p op l s w lf
e
t d
e
l ys
a
u til t
ra
nd th
s
r
d f
o s
t
or
s
i
o
ty
u nd
of
e
a
e
er a
e
e
o
e
er e e
’
e a
e
, m
a re a
.
a e or
,
e
a
e ea
r
o,
a p p r e
hon t b usin s nd v n t n ct b d l w hurtful t th p op l s ’
es es a e e o e a a a s, o e e e
w lfe
m
nd o pp
a re a
It is this invi ibl gov n
iv t hon st bu in ss ress
nt which is th a l d ng r t
s e
e o
er m e
e
s e .
e re a e o
A ric n in titution s
th p op l w
e
e
e
a It c u d w o k t Chic g o in J un which
s
bl t s w no o wick d th n its skill ful
e e re a e
.
o ee ,
s r
as
e
m
r a
re
a
e a
e,
wo k v ywh
r
But n v n
m
e
ao
n d l w ys which th p o p l
er e re a
m n t bl t
ious condition ul ts f o th unn tu l
e e re ser
a a e
res
e
m m e a re
r
o
e
a e
a
o see
ra
.
a lign nt of th ol d p a ti s T d y w A ric ns
e e p ol iti r e
m o a e e a a re
-
.
c lly sh tt d by s ction li
a a ere Th o ugh th tw ol d p rti s e a s r e o a e
m
.
th t g dy of u hi to y is continu d ;
e ra e nd n g
o r tg g p hi
s r e a o e rea eo ra
ca l p t of th R p ub l ic is
ar p t d f o e oth p ts of th
e se a ra e r er ar e
R p ubl ic b y n ill ogic l p rti n solid rity
oth
e
Th S outh h e
s g nuin ly
ers a
n nd w o
a
n g nuin ly p og siv nd
as
ction y thos in oth p rt of ur
e e
m e
re a
a
a
a
ar
m
sa
e
as
as
a
e
e
.
er
r re s
a s
e a
o
country Y t f w ll known sons th sinc
. e , or nd h on e t -
rea , e se ere a es
south n p og iv s nd ction i s vot tog th in ingle
er r re ss e a re a ar e e e er a S
p ty which is n ith
ar p og iv n ction y Th y vot
e er r re ss e o r rea ar e e
m
.
,
Th y w n t t b f a
oc tic p ty b ut g inst
e
m
f o thi condition ;
ar
e o
e
or
a
e
o
e
e
ra
ree r m
ar ,
s
a a
m
.
F th p ob l
or which A
e ric rf c t dy e cono ic
s e a a es o -
a a re e
and n tion l a Th y h v t do with a o j u t di tribution of
e a e o a re s s
m m m
.
p o p ity
r s Th y conc n th l iving of th p o p l ;
er . e n d th er e e e e a ere
fo th o di ct gov n nt of th p op l by th s lv
re e re re er e e e e e e es .
Th y ff ct th S outh x ctly
e a e th y ff ct th No th th
e e a as e a e e r e
m m m
,
E t as th W t
or It i n etifici l n d d ng
es ous condition s a ar a a a er
m m
.
th t p v nts th
a
er
re
no th n n nd w o n wh b li v th
r
th t i wh t th ol d p ti s do p v nt
a s
m
outh n n nd wo n f o cting with th
e
a
a a
e
e s
thing Y t ju t
ar
er
a
e
a
o
a
re
e e
e
e
a
e sa
r
e
a
. e s
e
thi s ut i—
.
p ic l
r
Th S outh onc w
e
t of th o u ght in w o king u t u n tion l d tiny
e ess a sse
ing on n tion l p ob l
f ou f b rill i nt nd constru ctiv think
a s nd t d y th a
e
S outh h
as
r inds s
a
e
m
m s
a
or
r
o -
a
a
o
a
e
o r a
as
a
m e
es
a
.
m
,
.
m m
.
n t f
o ly nd fully id in t
ree a of p olitics th olving of th a er s e s e
m m
, ,
m
.
th p
The
e o p l e gov
r
n n
e s t h
’
b n
mm
oot of th w ongs which hu t th p op l i th f ct th t
t k n w
e
ery f o t
r
h —
e th as ee
r
a e
e
a
e
a
e
r
s
mm
m
e
e
a a
e
invisibl gov n nt h u u p d th p op l g ov n nt
mm
’
e er e as s r e e e e s er e
m
.
m
.
th fi t p u p o
e rs of th P og iv p ty is t
r se k u th ul e r ress e ar o a e s re e r e
m
of th p op l Th rul of th p op l
m n th t th p op l
”
e e e . e e e e e ea s a e e e
th e lv h ll no in t s w ll
se es s a l ct ll c n did t f a e, a e as e e , a a a es or
mm m
.
th invi ib l gov n
e s nt do s th no in ting ?
e er e e e a
m of th p op l ns th t wh n th p op l l gi l to s
m m
’
Th ul e r e e e e ea a e e e e s e s a r
ak
re e
l w which hu t th p op l
e a
j ct it Th ul of th p op l
a th p op l th
e r n th t wh n th p op l
e
lv r s y
e
e
e
e
e me,
ea
e
s
e
a
e
e
e se
e
es
e
a
e s
’
m mm m
.
l gi l to s fu t p
e s a r re l w which th p op l n d th p op l
se o a ss a a e e e ee , e e e
th e lv se y p it Th rul Of th p op l
es a a ss n th t wh n e e e e e ea s a e
m m
.
th p op l p l oy do n t do th p op l w o k w ll nd
’ ’
e e e s e ees o e e e s r e a
m m
h on tly th p op l
n di ch
a
es
g s
,
p l oy
y di ch g th
w
a r es e
e
h do n
e
t do
x ctly
th i
e
w o k w
b u in s
ll
a
n d ees
s
o
ar e
o
e e a
e r
as a
r e
s
a
es
m
hon tly Th p op l s offi ci l th p op l v nt n t ’ ’
es . e e e a s a re e e e s ser a s, o
th p op l
’
e e t e s a s ers .
m m
W p og iv b li v in thi rul of th p op l th t th
p op l th
e
th p op l
e
e
e
e
lv
r
e
n ds w ll th p op l th
e s
’
re ss
y d l with th i
se
ee
es
wn d tiny Wh know
es a
lv ? Wh O
so
e e
ea
e
e
as e
s
e r o
e
e
e
es
e
e
m se
e
.
es
e
o
a
o S
e
p t
ai n t e s t h p o
a p l ? W h l ong
e u fi i
eng w h e ju t ? W h o so
m s er , o so s o
s owi
Tod y th
t se
e
olv th i wn p obl ?
a p ob l
o s
in th p nt st g of A ic n d v l op nt th p obl
re se
e
a
e r o
conc n th living of th p op l Y t
e se r
e
e mm s
r
er
er
e
a
s
e
e e m e
e
e se
e e
r
.
e m e
s
shoul d n t xi t in thi count y F
m
l nd
a
m ich ou
so r
o e
Ou fi l d as
s
n f
in ll th w o l d th i no
d hund d of illion
rs
s
r
r
e
.
s ca
or ,
ee
a e
re
r
s m ere s
s
m
. .
m
.
m
p li f
es ll th n d of
or a
o th n tw nty w o k could p oduc c ntu y g
re a
n On w o k tod y
e
e ee n p odu c
s
r ers
a .
m r
e
e a
r er
e
a
r
ca
a o
r e
m m
.
m m
.
e v y n tion of th ol d wo ld th i v y hi to y in th n w w o l d
er a e r e r er s r e e r
h as
m
Of ju tic
d A ic n p cul i p op l in cou g initi tiv lov
s
a
nd ll th
e a
e er
l nt of ind p nd nt ch ct
a
a s a
e e e m e
e
ar
s
e e
e e e
ra e,
m a ra
a
er
e, e
m
.
m m m
, .
m
.
G er ny h ixty fi
a illion p ck d in count y v y uch
as S -
v e s a e a r er
s
m
ll th n T x s Th p op ul tion of G t B it in nd I
a er a
l nd coul d b t down in C lifo ni n d till h v o th n
a e se
e a . e
a
a
r a a
rea
s m r
a e
a a
re
re
a
e
w
nough oo f th p op ul tion of Holl nd If thi coun try
e re
tw lv hund d
e
thickly p op l d
as
e
r
B lgiu th
ill ion in t d of onl y nin ty
re
or
m
w oul d b
e
ill ion p
e
o th n
e
on
as
s ea
a
e m ere
a
e
.
mm e
s
re
e rs
a
s
within u bo d s
SO w h v
o
e
r
a e
r
m er
o th n nough t up p ly v y hu n b ing
.
re a e o s e er m a e
4 74 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
bn e ea th
d y of b d b u in s
a
ought n t t b in thi R p ublic ingl
the fl ag
singl
a un p l oy d wo king n
s
m
.
es
The re
a e m
m
o
e
o e
e r
s
m e
a
a S e
m m
, ,
m
.
r er a , s ra e e or ea r e a r
n n v
e d y of l w w g s i dl n s
e er a w nt H ung
a shoul d o a e , e es or a . er
n v w lk in th s thinl y p op l d g d n of p l nty
e er a e e e e ar e s e
m
.
s
S,
ic n find
e
sa s
e
ar
e
-
e
r
s e r
er
e
a s
e
m
.
A
m m
it difficult t g t nough t l iv on
ic n l bo i l th n $500 y
er a a
o Th v g inco of n
e
With thi h u t
rer
e
s e ss
o
a
e .
a ea r
e a era e
s
e
e
a
s
m
.
fu ni h food h lt nd cl othing f
r s f ily
S e er a or a a
m m
.
,
m
n b ut
e ea r
m fo c d t w o k und unf ir nd d g ding
e rs , a re r e o r er a a e ra
-
m m mm
condition Th ight of chil d t g ow into no l hu n
b ing i c d ; nd y t whil
e
wi th p op l h v
s sa
e
s .
e
e s a
o
a
a
r
r,
r
er
a
a
r
r es,
a
s,
a
a
e
es ,
m m mm m
f c t o i n d w t h op
a r es a d t oying hund d of thou nd
s ea s s a re es r re s sa s
-
so
tu d m m
At th
mThe
m .
m ti e san h v
oun t in of w lthe se
g p d fo tun s in thi count y
g t th t th hu n ind c nn ot co p h nd th i
rea a
f
e
e
l g th n v n th t
e
gni
a
e
a
s
a e
ea
a
ra s
a re
e
ar
r
re
a r er
e
e
a
s
e r
e e
a
r
m
l vi h w d which no n w oul d d ny t bu in i k g nius
a s re ar o e e o s e ss r s or e .
m
m
On th o th
t dy co p
s ea m h nd A e ic n bu in i unc t in nd un
er
d with th bu in Oi oth n tion A ic n
a re
a ,
e
er
s
a
e ss
s e ss
er
s
a
er a
s
a
er a
m
.
b u in s n
s esth b t n d b v t in th w o l d
e a re nd y t u e es a ra es e r a e o r
m
,
m
.
W h v no p
e a n ncy in bu in
e ff i no u outl ook up on
er a e s e ss a a rs , s re
m
th b u in
e
p v nt it f o
re e
futu s Thi u n ttl d t t of A
e ss
li ing f th p op l th t g t n d continu
s r
ric n b u in
re
re a
.
z
s
or
se
e
e
e
s a e
e a rea
e
a
a s e ss
m m m
ll p op ul tion j u tifi
s a a s es .
m W
m nt
e dy th condition W
k p o p ity t dy b ut t giv t th
a e r
ea
s er
o re
ny wh
n n t only t
s ea
e
n it
e se
o e o
s .
e
e
a
ea o
o ea r
o
a
m
,
j u t h of th t p o p rity in t d of h lp ing th f w wh do
s s a re a r s e s ea e e e o
n t
“
P
o
pmmm
n it t t k n unju t h
ea r
o
a ssp
mmi ty o u nd
r Ts k
oTh p og
erh u n l
a iv otto is
iving i
e a
ar t
”
s S
o
a re
a
.
e
e
a
r re ss e
e a s er , o
m
.
f th h nd of hon t bu in t
ree e a k t d nd co
s c es s e ss , o a e ra e a er e
g
es to
0
m
.
m
ound nd t dy t p ot ct w o nhood v chil dhood nd
th dignity of
re
a
nhood—th
e
s ea
th t k w
,
ut
o r
a
e a
ese a re
, sa
e
e
as s e
a
Wh t th n i th p og s iv n w t th qu tion ? W
a , e , s e r re s e a s er o e se es s e
m m
.
m m m m m
.
g ow th p oduct of th fi l d ut ip ti b f o th fo t dig
r e r s e e , c r e er r e re s ,
t l f o
e a th in f hion ll f hu n u c y th t
r e e, as a or a se , a rr e o
,
4 76 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
e n g d p op l co ct d th wh n ft y s th p op l
di cov
s
ra e
d th out g
e re
e
e
e rre
ra es
e e m e , a er ea r , e e e
m
.
It i t g t j u t u ch l w
s o th e nd t p v nt th p g
s s a s as e se a o re e e a ssa e
of l w t co ct th
a s o w ll t k p ff th
rre t tu t books e as e as o ee o e s a e
m
,
a e e e e ra a es s e ss
th t th a f w c i in l int
e se t co up t u p olitic s inv t in
e r a e re s s rr o r es
m m
,
p o l it ici n n d pa t y n g
s a w h d b A ic
~
n p o l i
artic s a a ers o e a se er a .
B hind o tt n l w
e nd p v nting ound l w t nd th
r e a s a re e s a s, s a s e
es
hu
t;
rr
m mm
co up t bo ; b hind th co up t bo t nd th obb int
n d co
a
a
ss
nding th p ow of p ill g t nd bl o t d
n g d It i thi con p i cy of il w u t ov th ow
ree
e
a
s
e
s
e se
rr
s ra
e rs
ss s a
ev
s
a
e
e
m
e r
s a
s
s
er
er
a e
r
er
m m m
.
stituti n
Oth n tions h v
o
er
s .
nd d th v ya b u in vils f o a e e e e er sa m e s ess e r m
which w
muff by cl ly d fining b u in w ong doing n d
e s er
m ea r e s e ss r
m m a
-
Y t th
e fo ign n tion ncou g big b u in it lf nd fo t
e se re a s e ra e s ess se a s er
a ll h on st b u in s B u t th y do n t tol
e s t di hon t b u in s
es . e o e ra e s es s es ,
littl
e
big
e or
Wh t th n h ll w A ic n do ? Co on s n nd th
er e
a ,
.
e
xp i nc of th w o l d y th t w ought t k p th good big
e
, s
e
a
r
e
sa
m s
er a
a
s
e
m
m o ee
e se a
e
e
t u
a
o Y t w h v don ju t th o th thing W h v
s
t big b u in
. e
it lf nd h v n t v n i d t t ik t th
s e ss
e a t u ck
se
e
a
e
a
s
e
e
o e
er
e a m e
. e
o s r
a e s r
e a e
e vil of big bu in
s N ly tw nty fi y g sC ong e ss s
m
ea r e v e ea rs a o re s
m
-
m m
.
p a sse d l w t gov n A ic n bu in in th p nt ti
a a o er er a s e ss e re se e
which P l i
E ngl i h b u in
nt p d in th ign of King J s t gov rn
ar
in th t ti
a e a sse
m e re a e o e
m
s s e ss a e .
a
F
l w wo k
m
qu t of c ntu y th cou t h v t i d t
or a
Y t du ing this v y ti
r .
a r er
t u t g w g
nu b nd p ow th n in th whol hi to y of th w o l d b fo ;
er a
e
k this
t
er
in
a
r
a
e r
e
er
e
e
m
r s
e
s
a
r
r
e
s s
r e
re
e
o
r
a
rea e r
e
e re
g t bu in conc n g w b c u n tu l l w
rea s
e
e ss
s
d th er
r
s
e
re e a
e re
se
a
a ra a
e
s me
a
.
e m
e
e
th i g o wth
e r
a
B u t th i
r
ar
vil g w f t th n th t u t th
a a
e r e
a ar
s re
a
a s er
ra
a
a
e r s s
o s
e m
m
.
Sh er m
N is thi th w o st U nd th hifting in t p t tion of th
or s
n l w unc t inty nd f i chill ing th n gi of th
a a
e
m m m
er a
m
r .
a
er
ea r
e S
s
er
e e
re a
er es
e
e
m
,
g t body of h on t A ic n b u in
rea n A th S h es n er a s e ss e . s e er a
l w n w t nd no tw b u in
a o s a n n ng th i utu l
s, o s e ss e ca a rra e e r a
m
a ff i nd b u th t th y
a rs a n t l w b
e s k re
m
Thi is th
m m a e a re o a re a e rs s e
-
m m
.
A
ain hind nc t th i
ic n bu in s If G
er a
di t nd p
ra
n E nglish bu in
s
n nt viv l of
e
es
mm
n wi th ll
o
m
e
er a
e
or
a e a er
s
a
ess
e
e
re a
a
m
.
,
th i di dv n t g s co p
e r sa d with u dv nt g w
a a e n a re o r a a a e s, ere a a
cl d by u S h
e n l w s it t nd th y oon woul d b b nk
o r er a a , a s a s, e s e a
APPE NDICE S 4 77
l w
s
ee n d cl
,
d ini t d th y coul d n t do bu in
a a so a
re
m
th t if th i cou nt i sm
t ll
s e ss
s ere
e
e
e a re
o
a , e r
s ess a
r e
a
m m
, , .
E v n thi i n t ll
e B y th d c
s s of u cou t und th
o a e e ree s o r r s, er e
co m m
,
ee e se , e ra a e, o e er
w ong th y v
r itt d Und th d c
e e er of th cou t e . er e e ree s e r s
th Oil
e n d T ob cco T u t a till n i p ic un ju tly nd
a r s s s ca ra se r es s a
bu in m
l
a r ea dy h v don Th y till
a e n i u w t ed tock nd
so e s ca ss e a e re s a
C m
.
su ly will do
re Th y till n th ottl oth
so n nd
e s ca r e er s e ss e a
om m
.
th Unit d Cig
e S to e p ny n w i doing ar Th y till res o a o s so . e s
ca n co up t u p ol itic
rr n d thi o ntr indul ging in th t s a s e a re a
p ctic
ra
Th p op l e
e .
ti d of thi
e ock b ttl with c i in l c p it l
e a re re s m a e r m a a a
om bout th t u t qu tion th t m m
.
Th y do n t w nt t hu t b u in
e o b ut th y do w nt t g t
a o r s ess , e a o e
s
thing
thing don
e
Wh t good do it do ny n t a
e a
d in hi m
ount t o
o ning es
e r s
m a
es
a o rea
a a s
s
o s
r
e
m
.
l bo wh m
p ic f
r hi
e il th n v
or b fo ? Wh t good do it do th
s o a e er e re a es e
a
“
m
rer ok hi p ip t b told th t th cou t h v
o s
m
di olv d th Tob cco T u t nd y t find th t h u t p y
ss
high
e
”
e
es
ho t w ight p ck g of
a
s
r
e
s
o
a
e
e
a
a
e
e m r s
s
a
a
e
th e sa p ic f
e or a th er r e or e sa e s r e a a e
-
suff
tw g
e se
S u ch b u in
foers
t t t u t in th w o l d
m
o
ch os nd l g l p dox
n b foun d now h
r
s
rea es
ess A
l in th wo l d Riv l n
ca e
a
r
ic n bu in
s s
a e
e
a a ra
e re e se
r
es a s
e
m er
r .
a
a
s ess
a
tion do n t f t n l g l b ll n d ch in up on th i b u in
s o as e e no a a a a e r s e ss -
m m
,
th y p ut wing on it flying f t
e Riv l n tion do n t t ll th i
s s ee a a s o e e r
th p ntit nti y m
.
bu in s n th t if th y go fo w
ess e d with l giti t nt p i
a e r ar e a e e er r se
e
th i b u in
e r
e
m m
n th t
s
y b th i go l
e arN o ! Riv l n tion t ll
l ong th y do hon t bu in th i
e ss e
a
a
e
so
e r
as
a .
m es
a
s
a
ess
s e
e r
gov n nt will n t hin d but will h lp th s er e
m
er e o e .
Th
B ut th
a
e se r
iv l n tion do t ll th i bu in
e
ese r
iv l n tion do t ll th i bu in m
do ny vil th t u bu in
a a
a
a
n do p i on b
n th t if th y
s o
a
w it th
r
n th t if th y i u
s e
s
s ess
e r
m
e
e
e r
s
,
e ss
s
r s
ess
e
ar
a
e
a
a
a
e
e
ss
me
.
e
w t a ere
b th i h o
e
m
e r
s
m
d tock ch t th p op l in ny w y p i on c ll will
es
or ea e e e a a , r s e s
m
.
J u t thi i wh t ll hon t A
s s s ic n bu in w nt ; ju t
a a es er a s e ss a s s
thi
s
s wh t th
s i m
thi i wh t di hon t A
s
e
a
e r
s e ss
se o
es
a e
o
s
a
s
s
e
a
w woul d giv th
e m mm a
;
e of 1908 p l dg d th p op l th t
n d ju t thi i e p o t nt p l dg th
e
a
d ini a
a r
s s r a
e e
e
e
e
e
e a m
e a
s
t ti n
th
ra
o i
e mm
mm
l ct d on th t p l tfo
o
m
, e e
di t t ifl p l dg
re
e p u di t d
e a e
it p u di t d
ar
a a
e
r
e
, re a e as re a e
ccom
.
m m
,
P og s iv p ty will
r re s p li h
e N ith
ar vil int t n a s e er e e res s or
m
.
re ckl d gogu s n w v u s f o u p u p os ; f r w
ess e a e ca s er e r o r r e o e
a re f f o both nd f n ith
re e r a ea r e er .
4 78 THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKIN G
m
i l mic n bu n m
We n eabu in l on u book
to p u t n e w c s ess a ws ou r sta t te whi h s
c nno do W mn m
w ll te l A y do y
si e ss wha t the a n d wha t the
m
er a en ca n
fog y— m c im
a t k bu in e cl in d of
l a w s ea r stea
ea to a e ou r s ess
m
.
g to k a e the l inly
p a ju
sta t e ing
st w ha t th in l
s a re r a
c im
l f
a n d w ha t a re a w ul n nly
And w e ea tha t the p e a t for th ing
. s
nd in d of m
r in l a l i on n nc
sh a l b e p r s se te c u ly uni
e s tha t a t a l p l
sh the rea
Off e
wh o m u
er stea
m
m
st p a y the
on y fin
in
,
e
the en d
m
u nobody
es tha t h rt o l
b u t the p e p e ,
.
ou nd of b li n m
n
An d the w e n ea nd
to s e the g foe ssa e und d of
rth to h re s
c im ono bl m
th sa s ril a t ind b v
s a nd ng g d in on
ra e hea rts e a e h est
o k m good b u in
bu ins e ss tha t they a re n ot nl r i a s b ut h ra e i en in the r
d mic n bu in m
,
w r to ak e s i R ublic u
e ss in th s ep vc oy
S re Of i t r .
,
vn
w e e e n ow sa y fo
G o rwa r A er a , s esskno en a n d w , ,
m m
, , ,
ic n b u in m
a n d a pp rov l of
a g o l und
the rea test p e p e fo
er the sun dG O rwa r
A er a s ess f d full
en a n d ee fi bn ic n
the re s e ea th A e r a
d mic n bu in m
,
fu n c
r a es ; a nd e e p n e t t o e er A er a a rer w ho
k
t he m
a s s for w rok
ing of you com
k of
a r e ts
fo
Go
m
o ld
the w r
rwa r
m A er a
ic n d
.
for A er a tra e ; a n d
s e ss
kno
c u en a n d
on
a p t re
w tha t
, ,
d mic n
t he w s r c you c y lib y oug ou
er e a rr e rt thr h t the
b u in m
sa
o ld
w r
s e ss
id of you
en
v y in bi n
a n d t o e er
li
a n d rea z e tha t
id of
a s it is sa nd
the ha
of
h a ta t there
in m,
fo
com
GO
the ti e to
o und d
tha t r e
rw a r
om
ll
A er a
e it sha
Peter s D
be
e
.
,
fo m m
, ,
he b uil d d b
e n kn
e tte r tha he ew .
’
c rea se A mic n oi m
nx g
The e t rea t
ou r ta riffs
er a
bu in
The ta r ff
s
iy
u
e ss re
c ng
p r sp er t is to ha
kn
r
st b e ta e
u we
m v
e the
of oli ic
ou t
dil y
st ha e to stea
od of buil ng
eth
d
di
t s a n d trea te
in
m
.
as a b u in qu ion in d of
s e ss oli ic l qu ion
e st stea as a p t a est . Here
t ofo w h v don ju t th oth thing Th t i why A ric n
re , e a e e s e er . a s e a
b u ines i up t v y f w y
s s by unn c
s y t ifi up h v ls
se e er e ea rs e essa r ar ea a
a nd i w k n d by unc t inty in th p iods b tw n Th
s ea e e er a e er e ee . e
g t t n d of b u in i c t in ty ; but th onl y thing c rt in
rea es ee s ess s er a e e a
m
a bout u t iff i un c t inty
o r ar s er a .
Wh t th n h ll w do t
a k u t ifi ch ng t ngth n
e s a e o a e o r ar a es s re e
m
m
, ,
e er a
se
a
se
er
a
m m
m
.
,
und t nd bl nd j u t u g t t fi c l n d i g nuin
ers a a e a s o r rea e s s a ee s a e e,
m
,
Fiv y e
g w h n th fight
ea rs a f thi s g t b u in ess
o, ea s u e e or rea s re
w as b gun in th S n t th bo s of both p rties w
e e g in st
e a e e sse a e re a a
mm
it
mm m. S w h n th l t
o,
ss
i ion of th t iff w s on nd
l te
a
o
e
rev
a
ee
s
r
s re
e
e
rm
ar
e
e
a
ar
o
a
a ,
ea rs
a
e a
a
a r
m
.
m
,
sy t kill d it Th h s n t b n nd will n t b ny
s e e ere a o ee a o e a
m
.
sinc nd h on
e re a t fi rt by th ol d p ti to g t t riff
es e o e ar es e a a co
i sion Th h s n t b n nd will n t b e ny sinc
s . ere a nd o ee a o a e re a
480 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE A IN K G
in th S inc en ct nt of sound t riff p olicy Th Prog es
e ere a m e a
m a e r
m m
.
Th s s p l s of th
e e a re fo in th l ws of bu in ess th t
a e e re r s e a s a
w int nd t p ut on th N tion s st tut boo ks
mm m
’
e e o B ut th e a a e . ere a re
oth qu tion s i p o t nt n d p ssing th t w n t
,
_
er es s a r a a re a e ea o
mm
a n w by ound nd hu n l ws Chil d l bo in f ctori s
ill
s er s
in s nd w t hop s u t b nd d throughout th
s, e a
a
s m
m
ea -
s
a e a
s
.
e e e
a r a e
e
,
R p ub lic S u ch l bo i
m
is
e
p v nts th
re
ci
a
e
r
. ci g inst chil dhood b c us it
g owth of no l nhood nd wo nhood It
e r
g in t th N tion b c us it p r v nts th g owth of a
e a a s
a
e
mm
r
a
s a
r
r
a
e a
e
a
a
e
a
e
a
e
m e
a
r
e a
.
e
m
.
m m
.
i u nj u st t b u in ss ; f
s if so S t t stop it nd oth r S t tes
o s e or e a es a e a
m
do n t bu in
th b u in s
e
o , n of th
n of th l tt
s es
sfo
mm m ess t di dv nt g with
b c us th y ust s ll in th s
e
e
e a
e
er ,
r
e a
er a re a
e m
m e
a sa
e
a a e
e a m e
m m
k t goods d by nhood l bo t nhood w g s in
ar e
co p tition with goods d by chil dhood l bo t chil dhood
e
a e
a
a
e
a r
m
a
a
a
r a
a e
w g s
f or
a eT l v it t th S t t
. o i u nj u t t
ea
chil dhood l bo in ny S t t l ow s nhood l bo in v ry
a
e nhood l bo ;
r
o
a
e
a e
a es s
er m s
a
o a
a r
a
e e
m
r
e e
mm
St t b c u
a e, th p odu c t of c hil d h ood l bo in ny S t t
p t s with th p odu c t of
e a se e
nhood l bo in v y S t t Chil
e r
r
a a r
a r
e er
m
a
a e
a e co
m m
.
d n w o k s t th l oo in S outh C olin
re r er a ns b yon ts
e s ar a ea a e
a t th b et of n nd wo
rea s s n wo k in M chus tts wh e a e r ers a ssa e o
m
st ik
m
m
r f living w g
e
o p ow t th i
re
or L t th S t t s do wh t th y
; b u t l t th N tion do wh t it houl d
er o
a
e r ar
n nd
es . e e
e
a e
e a
a e
a
ca
s
, a
m m
a n d cl n u fl g f o this st in
ea se o r a r a .
m M od n indu st i li
Wo n n w w g e
er h s ch ng d th
n in f ctori s sto
o a re
st tu s of w o
r a
n d o th
a
n
pl c s
s
e ea r ers
a a
a
e
e
e
re s a
a
er a
e
e
.
mmm m m
,
m
.
du t i l ff o t th y
s r a e u t co p t with n And th y u t do
r e s e e e e s
m
.
it t l ow
a w g th n
er n c iv w g which in ost c s s
a es a e re e e -
a es , a e ,
m m
re
mm
It i i
n t nou gh f
This is inhu
s
o th
e wo n w o k s t liv on or
a r
e e
e
.
r er
s
ar m m o
s
e
a
e
a
.
e
e
r re s
.
m m
.
p ty p ocl i
ar th c hiv l y of th S t t
r a s W p op o t p e a r e a e e r se o ro
mmm m
.
t t wo
ec nw g n by uit bl l w n x p l Of which
e a e ea r ers s a e a s, a e a e
ini u w g f w o n wo k s— w g which sh ll
-
is th e a e or e r er a a e a
m
b high nough t
wo
e
n toil a
et l t b u y cl o thing food n d sh l t
er
o a f r th ea s
m
, a e er o
m
e
m
.
Th c
hund d doll s
e
re
of th g d is n of th ost p p l x ing p obl s
er
a re
of od n lif H w is th wo king n with l s th n fi
y nd wi th ar
e .
e a
ea r, a
o e
e r
ea r
e
m a
er
er
e
e s
a
r
a
e
v e
a
o
ee
e
,
m
a
e
e
e
er a
e
e
a m e
or
e
a
a
e
o
APPE NDICE S 481
has ee thr w
lk
i e these we
y
The a re e st
u t n w if w
qu ion t which th
m
b n o n up on th indu t i l c p h p ? It i qu stion
t ju tify f
s
of p op ls
a in titution
ch in d
o
s
e
er
s r a
e m
e a re
a sse s
s ra
o s
ea
e
re e
e a re
s
s
a
e
e as
s
s
.
to body of d th And th y
a qu tion which oth nd
ea . e a re es s er a
p oo
m rer
W p og
n
e
t
mm
ion s
iv r
n aw ing
n th t A ic h ll nsw th
ress
a re a
es
s
ea Th
er
a
.
m er a s a a er e e
m mm
.
ser
mm
a re
wo m ma
e
a
mm
v tion of hu n lif Ou fo t w t p ow nd in l
v lu bl nd u t b v d f o th p oil ; b ut n
n nd chil d n a
a e a
o v lu bl nd th y t
a
re
s
utb
a re
e .
e sa
r
re
e
re s s ,
a
r
a e a
a er
e s
e
er a
ers
oo , s
e ra s
e
e
,
m
,
s v d f o p oil
mmmm mm
a e th r e S ers .
B c u e a Wo n se u ch n e p t of u as cono ic as e a re a ar o r e
m m
, ,
a nd oci l lif
s wo a n u ch e, n houl d h v th voting
e as as e S a e e
mm m m
, ,
mm
.
A w gs a n th y houl d h lp t
e ea r
-
ers ,olv th l bo p obl ;
e S e o s e e a r r e
m
as
le mm
p op ty ow n
;
r
m
wiv as m nd
er th y h oul d h lp t olv th t p ob
ers
oth th y houl d h lp t olv ll the p obl
es a e rs
e s
e s
e
e
o
os
s e
ea
e ax
r
r
e s
m
th t conc n th
a ho er An d th t n ll n tion l p ob
e e . a ea s a a a r
e s
If it i
m m
l ; f th N tion bid t th fi id
m
or e a
id th t wo n c nn ot h lp d f nd th N tion in ti
s sa a
a
e
es a
a
e
e
re s
e e
e .
e a e
mm
N tion d tini
a
m m m
of w nd th fo th t th y houl d n t h lp t d t in th
ar a
’
ere
in ti of p c th n w i th t wo n
s es es
re a
e
e s
ea e,
o
e a
e
s er
o
s
e er
a
e
e
e
m
s uff nd v in ti of conflict
N tion
a
er a
m
u k t And th d p n w i th t tho wh b th
s e s
oldi ’
.
s s
ser e
uch th N tion d f nd
u ch
ers a re
e
n wh c y
ee
th ir
as
e
er a s er
e
as
s
a
a
’
s
as
se
e e
e
o
ers a s
o
ea r
a rr
e
e
s on
mm s .
m
m
Publ ic p ok
mm n f th invi ibl gov n nt y th t ny
S es e or e s e er e sa a a
th
a
m
of u fo
bu
e sa
o
m r re
B u t in v y c
ses .
uncon titution l Th
e
r
thing of v y ff o t th N tion h
wh th
s a re
e
kind of n id
d t nd n tion l
er
in th cou t t th b ll ot
e er
e
s
a se ,
r e
e
a
a
.
er
e sa
as
e
e
a e
r s, a
o e
e
a
e a
sa
a
Th P og e iv p ty b li v th t th C on titution i living
r ress e ar e e es a e s s a
thing g owing wi th th p op l g owth t ngth ning with th ’
r e e e s r s re e e
m
, ,
m
,
l ib ty nd th p u uit of h pp in
er a e p ittin g th p opl t
rs a e ss , er e e e o
li
t ll th i n d
ee
ev e s
a
th t th C on titu tion i
a
condition ch ng Th Op p o ition b
e r
d d fo
e
ee s as
hol ding b ck th
s s a
s
ea
a e
m
.
r
e s
a
e
e
m
,
m
.
w o d of th C on titution
r s W th p op l
e s nd th y d cl a re
“
e e e e,
”
a e e a re
th t th C on titution
m pu p o t fo p f ct Union n d
“
i
’
a e s s r se s o r a er e a
t p o ot th g n
o r l w lf e TO do ju t th t i th v y
e e era e a re .
”
s a s e er
h ea rt of th p og iv c u e r re ss e a se .
4 82 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
The Pr og ssiv p ty ts n w the vita l ity of th C n
re e ar a sser a e e o
stitution W b li v in th t u doctrin of st t rights
m
’
e e e e e r e e a es
m m
.
,
wh h
’
r e a r e e a e a
m
,
m
.
mm m
l w lf
F o r
e a re
e
.
A m
of u fo s t A ric n institution Wh t is th p urp os of
o r re r
ic n institutions ? Why w s this R p ublic st bli hed ?
er a
o e a
a
s .
e
a e
e
mm a s
e
m
Wh t do s th fl g t nd f ? Wh t do th thin gs
Th y
a
e
e
ea
e
n th t th p op l sh ll b f t co ct hu n
a
a
n?
s a
e e
or
e a
a
e re e
ese
o rre
ea
a
m m m
a b us s
Th y
e
e
.
n th t n wo n nd child n sh ll n t b e d ni d
ea a e e a re a o e e
m m
,
Th y n th t th p op l sh ll h v th p ow t a k u
e ea a e e e a a e e er o e o r
a
m
l nd ch d y b tt p l c t liv in
Th y
ea
n th
e
a a
liti s of lib ty nd n t th c d ic s of
ea
e
e re a
er
e
a e o
er
e .
a o e a a m e
th o ry
e
m
Th y e
.
n th ctu l p og ss of th r c in t ngibl it s of
ea e a a r re e a e a em e
a
mm
d ily living nd n t th th o tics of b n di p ut tion
If th y do n t e
a
n th s things th y o
o
s sou nding b eas
e
e e
e re a rre
e a re a
s a .
ra s
a
whol somm m
nd tinklin g cy b l s
A N tion of t ong up ight
e ho
a n
li ing th b t id l s ;
e
nd w o
es,
a
n ; a N tion of
s r
N tion who sre a
.
z
r
e
e
es
a
ea
m e
a a
'
a
e
p o w is g
er l o ifi
h p op l n d n d w nt
d by
re
its j u st ic
r n d
mw ho s j
e
of sco s of ill ion of G d f ing p op l th t is th N tion
u t
—
ic is th consci nc
And th t is th N tion th y sh ll
s o -
e a
ea r e
e
e
s e
a
e
e a
e e
fi
e e e ee a a a e a e a
m m
.
av e
m
.
r
eaning of u in titutions N v doubt th t w will solv in
ight ou n ss nd wisdo
e s e
o r
v y v xing p obl
a
s
N v doub t mm .
e er
e er
e r m a
e
e
e er
e,
m
.
,
th t in th
a n d th h nd f o e e b ov th t l d s u up w d will
, e a r a e a ea s ar
p v il ov
re a th h nd f o er b l ow th t d g us downw d N v r
e a r e a ra s ar . e e
doub t th t w
su
An d s
re
,
ind d N tion who G d is th L o d
a
n v doub t th t b v f i
o,
e a re
m
e
ly will co ; th t b tt nd bright r lif f ll b n th
er
e
cl n A ic a
a
ee
a
a
e
a
a
er a
a ra er,
se
a rer ,
e
o
e
ea
or a
e
er
r
m
e
.
er
ea
th fl g u ly will b
e a s chi v d Thos wh n w scoff soon will
re e a e e . e o o
m m
. .
m
,
ra p t of Lib rty th
ar s nxious k W tch n what of th
e e a as :
“
a a , e
night ? hi n w will b L th o n p p th
m m m
” “ ”
s a s er e o, e r a ea re .
K now ing th p ic w
m
u t p y th s crific w u t k
m
‘
e r e e s a e a e e s a e,
th b u d ns w
e rust c y th
e ults w ust ndu know
e
— a rr e a ssa
,
e e re
ing full w ll th co t —
,
y t w
e nli t nd w nli t f r th w r
e s e e e s a e e s o e a
m
.
,
F or w know th j u tic of u c us
e nd w know t its
e s e o r a e, a e , oo ,
c rt in triu p h
e a .
THE ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
m
de rsta nd a nd I did d l ook
not a re a t hi f m ould co
for ea r I sh
m be e
mm
the
I
vic i of no
did l ook
t a
, a nd th
the r st r
e in n
oy .
und
sta t I t r e
l ou g
B ut , a th
m
y u on
h I a
y e es p
o n
nO
o'
t a w
tha t w rthy
a ,
guid
I rese rv e for m
e he wa s off a a g in
y p a rt
; id
Sa
icul f i nd
ar r e
ill ll you o
he , I w
s!
”
te
n u ing y f
S O the co nt
ic
a st ry nowwh h
sel m
m
,
icul f i nd li n d v l y b n gl d did
‘
a p a rt ar r e , I ste e , a n d I ha e a wa s ee a I .
Pers a i n by
id
He sa the re
m
m n
the a e
onc liv d
e
of
e
fd
Al Ha e
fo
no t fa r r
id
i .
ndu
the R v er I
He sa tha t Al Ha e
nci n
f do n d
s an a
-
w e
e t
m
.
a v yl g f
er ar e ar i o c d g in fi l d
w th r ha r s , ra e g dn
s a nd ar e s He
—
.
wa s a con n d
te t e a d we a h
n l y t a con n d b c u
n te te e a se he wa s
'
l y
m
l yb c u con n d
,
One da y there
.
wea th , a n d wea th e a se h e w a s te te
m
.
vi i d i
s te f
th s Old a r er o ne of o nci n u dd i
th se a e t B i h st p r e sts ,
do n by
m
Al Ha fe d s fi re a nd t ol d old f
’
a nd he sa t w tha t ar er how
a
A
mi o l d of ou
th s w r
m me re
l ig y u
b nk of fog ic
a
ht thr st his
rs wa s
, wh
fing in o
da e
h is s e t
er
.
t the
id
He sa
ci n ific lly u a
b nk of fog
a
i o ld
tha t th s w r
id
tr e , a n d he sa
nbg n
onc
a nd the
wa s
tha t the
e a
e
Sl o ly
w to ov e his fing ound
er a r g du lly inc
a nd ra a to rea se the
S p ee d of his fing un il l
er ild
t a t a st he wh r e tha t a b nk of fog in o t
a s
m
ing
olid b ll of
a
its w a y thr
fi re , a nd it w e t r
oug o h ther
n olling oug
m thr
co ic b nk of fog un il cond n d
s a s
univ
h the bu n
t it
erse
e se
r ,
m
,
the oi u
st re w th i ou f ll in fl ood of in u on
t , a nd e s ra p d
the hea te
m
uf c
s r a e a nd
bu rst thr ou g
cool d
h the
e the ou
cooling c u
dcu
tw a r r st n The the
.
r st a n d thre w u p the
in n l fl
m
oun in
te r a a
ta s a nd
es
m m
th s m
d
a e the h
i in n l l d
ter a
ill of
s
e te
v ll y of i ond ful o l d
the a e
a ssbu
th s w
rst o ut a nd
er
cool d v y e
w r
m er
of ou rs
®ickly it
If
s
.
bce a
a nd
e g ni
ra te ; tha t wh h
l quickly gol d
e ss , ;
ic cool d l quickly b c
m
e
f gol d di ond
a n d a ter
ess
a m m
ilv
e a
d
s we re
e S
a e
er ;
.
m
Sa id the ol d i
p r e st , A
“
di ond
a cong l d d o of unlig
is a ea e r p s ht
”
.
i
Th s is a s e ti ci n fic u l o tr th a s kno
You a ll di ond
w tha t a a
—
m
.
mm
,
th ing oul d
a nd h
a nd h
I w
ig
ig
hest
he st
not
of odG
G
fo gr et : he
s
’
of od ni l c ion
’
s a
d cl d
in l c ion
e ra
a
e a re
rea t
rea t s
di ond
tha t a
o n
s, a s a w
u o
a
m a
l
l
is the a st
is the a st
I s pp se tha t is the
m
.
m m
.
i
Old p r est t ol d fd
Al Ha e tha t if he ha d a handful of i ond d a s he
coul d u cp r ha se a wh e ol coun y i
tr , a nd w th a in of di ond
e a s he
coul d l c
m i g
p a e his h
the r re a t w e a th l
c il d n u on on
re
fd
p thr
Al Ha e hea r a ll ad
ou g
e s thr
bou di ond t am
influ nc of
h the e
s a nd how
e
m
.
uc y o n
h the w e re w rth , a nd w e t to his b e d tha t nig oo
ht a p r
an — not tha t he ha d l o ny ing
st a th oo b c u
b ut p r e a se he wa s
mm m
,
di con n d
s te te a nd di con n d b c u
s te te e a se he th ou g oo
ht he wa s p r .
He sa : id “
I wa t an in of di ond
e a s!
”
k
S o he la y a wa e a ll
m
nig
m m
ht , a nd ea r
kno f o x i nc
w r
ly in
e p er e
the o ning oug
r
i
s
e tha t a p r e st whe n
i
ht out the p r e st
k n d ly in
a wa e e ea r
Now I
m
.
the
sa
m
id
r
m
o ning c o
to hi ,
is r ss .
Will you ll te
ok i
He a w e tha t p r est out
e where I ca n
of
find di ond
d
a
his rea s a nd
s?
”
mm The
i
m
m id i ond W do you n i di ond ”
p r e st sa , D a s? ha t wa t w th a s?
n
I wa t to b e i n ly ic
e se r h, id sa Al Ha te d , don
b ut I t
’
APPE NDICE S 485
r
kn ow wh t go W ll
e re
di m
id th p i t if you will find a
iv th t un ov whit nd b tw n high ount ins in tho
er a r
o
s
.
er e sa
e , sa
e ee
e r es
m
,
a se
Pl nty of th m p l nty of th m
,
sa nd you will lw y
s ond D you a ll y b li v
a s se e a s
”
o rea e e e
ll y u h v t do i ju t go n d find th m m
.
th t tha i u ch iv ?
e re s s a r
; er e e e e
m
,
th n yo u h v th
”
a o a e o s s a e e a e e
m m
, .
Al H f d id I will go S O h ol d hi f
a e sa
“
coll ct d his ”
e s s ar e e
ch of di m
.
, ,
on y t int t l ft hi f il y in ch g of n ighbo nd
e a e re s e s a ar e a e r, a
m
m
,
a w y h w nt in
a e eond H b g n v y p op ly t sea r a s . e e a er r er , o
m
.
,
n n d p ov
e ss a ty h tood on th ho er of th t b y in B c lon
e s e s re a a ar e a,
m
,
S p in wh n
a tid l w v e a a of a e a e r r e a rs
m m m
,
m
,
top p d th c m
.
Wh n th t ol d guid h d told
e a th t v y d to y h e a m e a er sa s r e
on n of th oth c m l nd I m b thinking t m m
,
s e l I w iding nd w nt b ck t fix th b gg g
e a e as r a e a o e a a e
o e e er y lf a e s, a re e er o se
m
d t b no b ginnin g m
,
“
Why did h v th t f hi p ti ul f i nd ? Th
e re se r e a or s ar c ar r e s
”
ere
see e o iddl e nd — nothing t it Th t
e , e or e o . a
w asth fi t to y I v e hrs d to l d s d in which th h o w s
r e er ea r o r rea e er a
d d Wh n th guid c mb ck nd took up
k i ll d in th fi t ch p t
e I h d b ut n ch p t
e rs of th t to y
a er a o e a er a s r
of m y c m m
.
a nd th h o w e er as ea e e e a e a a
m
.
th h l te a l g in h w nt ight on with th
er a e a a e e r e sa e
th t c m
,
s to y r H . id th t Al H f d ucc o l d hi c l ut into
e sa a a e
’
s s e ss r e s a e o
th g d n t d ink
e ar nd
e o l p ut it no down into th
r a as a a e s se e
m m m
,
sa ol d p i t wh tol d Al H f d h w di ond w
e r es o d a e o a s ere a e,
r
m
a
m
f o th m
e o
nt l H u h d up n d id H i di ond
e a
s
e
s s
e r s
e ss r ,
e a
e
sa
e sa
“
e re
a
s a
as
a m
m
.
,
h ere is di ond ! H s Al H f d tu n d ?
a a No no ; Al a a e re r e
” “
,
H f d h s n t tu n d n d th t i n t di
a e a o re ond ; th t i noth
r e a a s o a a a s
m
ing but ton ; w found it ight ut h in u g d n
m
”
a s e e B ut r o ere o r ar e .
m
,
Th n tog th e th y u h d t th g d n nd ti
e er d up th
e r s e o e ar e a s rre e
mm
whit
m m nd with th i fing
e sa
di cov d th di ond m
s nd fo und oth
o v lu bl di ond th n th fi t nd thu id th guid
re a a e
o b utiful
a
e r
s
e rs a
a e rs a
ers
s , sa
m
re ea
e
,
m m m m m
,
to w e, e re in of G olcond th o t
s ere e a es a, e s
t K ohinoo di
r
er e ond
e e
es
s
a
a
a
e .
e
e
e
a r es
rea
s r
r m
a
r
a
a
, ex
THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
m
h v t s ll b fo
a e o th y h d p
e c with J p n c
e
in nd wh n th ol d guid h d c ll d y tt ntion t th t
e, a e
re fro th t
e
e a
e
ea
a
e
a m e
a a
a
, a
e
e
o
a
a
w ond ful di cov ry h too k hi Tu ki h p Off his h d g in
m m
.
er s e e s r s ca ea a a
a nd swu ng it ound in th i t c ll y tt ntion t th o l
ar
m m
e a r o a
m
a e o e ra
Tho s A b guid s h v o l t ch to y though th to i s
m
.
e ra e a e a ra o ea s r , e s r e
a re n t l w ys o o l H s id h d Al H f d
a a in d t ho
ra . e a , a a e re a e a e
a nd du g in hi wn c ll in his wn g d n inst d of w tch
s o e a r or o ar e ea re
m
,
e es s ar a e a ea a s ra e a e
—
m m
, , ,
h v a he d c of di ond
a
“
af v y c y s v y hov l
re s a s or e er a re , e e er s e
m
,
ful of th t ol d f ft w ds v l d th g
a ar which inc a er ar re ea e e e s S e
m
h v d co t d th c ow n of
th
a
e
e
his p ticul a f i nd s
“
ar
e
o l t hi to y I w why h h d
ra
ra e
o
on chs Wh n h h d giv n
I didn t t ll hi
r
s s
I coul d
r e
e
d this sto y f
r
it ; I w
r
, sa
s
’
e
e
ar
a
m
.
re se rv e
e
see
e a
r
e
or
as
m
.
n t going t t ll th t ol d A
o b th t I coul d s it F it w s th t
o e a ra a ee . or a a
ea n ol d A b s w y of going ound thing lik l wy
ra
’
a nd ar a e a a er , a
m
,
m m m
,
m m
Riv th t ight b tt r b t ho in A ic I didn t t ll ’
er a e e e a e er a e
m
.
m m
hi I coul d it see .
m
1 847 o wn d
m
I tol d hi hi to y
.
nch ut th e
ind d
H
of n nd I tol d it t hi
quick I tol d hi bout th t n ut in Cal ifo ni wh in
a ra
s s r
a
d th t gol d h d b n di o
re
e re
a
e
.
e
a
e rea
o
o e, a
a
r
a
a,
ee
o
o,
s
,
mS utt nd
er a t t d fi t hu n t f
ill on th littl st e
m
s ar e
in th t f
gol d C ol on l S utt p ut a
b ought so w t s nd f o th c w y of th ill into th
r e
nd e
e
o
n d y his l i ttl
rea
a
gi lmm m o
r
a
or
e ra
ar
e
a
.
a
o e
e
a
e m
er
e r
e
hou n d p l c d it b fo
se a th fi t dry
a e nd s th t s nd w se re e re o , a a a a a
f lling th ough th littl gi l s fing
a r vi ito w th fi t shining
e e r
’
ers a s r sa e rs
s a es
th e m
c l of l gol d th t w rea v discov d in C lifo ni ; nd
n wh w n t d th go l d h d sol d thi
a o a nch nd gon w y
e
a
e
ere e er
a
ere
s ra a
a r
e a
a a
a
m m
,
m
.
f ni in th city th t t nds n
or a, e th t f n d th y t ol d
a s a ea r a ar a e e
m
,
th t th
a in i n t xh u t d y t nd th t n thi d own
e e s o e a s e e a a a o e -
r er
m
,
of th t f a h s b n g tting du ing th s
ar a c nt y s tw nty
ee e r e e re e ea r e
doll s of gol d v y fift n inut s of hi lif S l p ing w king
ar
Why you nd I woul d nj oy n inco lik th t !
, a
e er ee
e a
e
m e
s
e
e, ee
a
or a .
m
n l i ing in P nnsyl a a
a
ere
a
a
e
a
o
m a v e
a
m
.
r
a a
e
e re
e
e
a
.
a
e e
e re
o
or
e
s
s
ar m s
e
e
m
. .
m er a
s N w you s
m athis fa
fooli h n H did not l v his f r until h h d
s
a w s no t l t o
a
a . o
e
,
m
ee ,
ea e
r
m a
er a
e
a
a
m m
.
so thing l
e to do Of ll th si p l tons th st rs hin on
e se . a e e e a s e
th ere is non o fooli h th n a n wh l v s n j ob b fo
e re s a a o ea e o e e re
THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
a nd
h e
y sol d ut in M s chus tt nd w nt t Wi con in wh
the
n into th
we t p l oy of th S up io C op p
l o t f o ight in th
o
e e mm
Mining C o p ny
a sa
e
e s a
er
m
r
e
er
o s s
mm ,
a
e re
a nd h w e as p l oy of th t co p ny t
s r s e e a a a
a ny
ee
m
fift n doll s w k g in H w l o t h ve n int e t in
n t b li v th t h h s v
o e e e
ar
a
di cov d
a
in s th t h shoul d di cov f th t co p ny B ut I do
e
a in —I do n t know
e
ee
e a
a a
e er
.
s
s
e
er
as a s
or
e re a
a
mm o
e
a
a
a
o
er s
a ny thin g
m
b out it b ut I do n t b li v h h s
a I know h h d
m o e e e e a
m e a
-
m
, .
c c ly gon f o th ol d ho t d b fo th f
s ar e e r wh h d e e s ea e re e ar er o a
bought th ho st d w nt ut t dig p ot to
th nd of th ton w ll c
e e s
e
m
bringing th in in l g b k t th ough th f ont g t w y
e
e
n tog th t th g t th t
e s
nd h w s ea
e
a
a
ar
e
e
a m
o
as
e so
e
o
ea r
r
a
e
es, a
er a
e r
e
as
a
a e
e
e a
a
a
,
th b k t hu gg d v y tight
e as e S h t th b k t on th g ou nd
e er o e se e as e e r
m m m
.
m m
, .
f s in M chu tt
ar o tly ton w ll nd th f
a ssa s se s a re s s e a s, a e ar er
h v t b
a e cono ic l with th i g t w y in o d t h v o
o e e a e r a e a s r er o a e s e
p l c t p u t th
a e o ton s Th t b k t hu gg d e s tight th th t e . a as e e so e re a
a s h w s h ul ing it th o ugh h no tic d in th up p
e a a t on n x t r e e e er s e e
th g t
p ofr
e bl ock of n tiv ilv
a e a
m ight inch qu ; nd this
o of in s n d ining nd in l ogy wh w oul d n t
e ss r e a
a
m e S er , e
a m e ra
es s
m ,
a re
o
a
o
wo k f r fo ty fi doll
or r w k wh n h ol d th t ho t d
v e a rs a ee e e s
m a es e a
-
m
.
H w e b ought up th ; h h d gon b ck nd fo th by th t
as r e re e a e a a r a
p i c of ilv
Co
e e
Why n t t k
m
n w
o
ubb d it with his l v n d it
n w
e
?
s
n w o
a
h
er , r
is
,
B ut h w o ul d n t t k it
e m
hund d tho u nd doll
o
The
dt y
w
,
no
e
o , ere
e
s ee
a
o
e, a
re
a e
see
sa
ere
e o sa
as
a rs
,
' ’
S er e r r as a a a o e
—
m
,
wh ere
; h didn t b u t es o w h l nd h
’
w p of
, or e ere e se a e as a r ess
of in l ogy e ra .
th wh ol ti
e
o
m
I do n t kno w of nything I w oul d nj oy b tt
m
t night t ll ing of b lu nd
e e
th n t t k
lik th t I h v h d
o -
a
e
e
ers e
e
m
er
a
a
a e
o a
ea r
e
p of
th
r oe ss rs k Y t I wi h I kn w wh t th t n i doing ut
in Wiscon in I n i gin hi ut th
e re
a e .
s s h it by
e
ca
s
m a
e
e m a
o
a
e re , a
a s
e S s
o
m
.
h
an C onw ll th t l iv
d of hi
ea r
in th t city ? a Y
m
e
Ih v h
in Phil d lp hi ?
And do yo u kno w th t
”
.
d of hi
Oh y
n Jon
a
“
I h v
th t l iv s
And th n h b gins e s,
es
a e ea r
a e
mm a
a
”
a
,
es
e
es,
a
e e
a
e
e
m
.
t l u gh n d l u gh nd s y t his f i nd
o a a a Th y h v don th a a s o r e s, e a e e e
sa thing I did p ci ly
e An d th t S p oil s th whol j ok
, re se . a e e e,
b c u you nd I h v don it
m m
e a se a a e e .
Nin ty u t of v y hund d p op l h
e o h v d th t i
e er re e e e re a e a e a s
ta k thi v y d y
e s I y yo u o u ght t b
er ich ; you h v no
a sa o e r a e
m m
.
m
.
i fo tun
s nd it is dou b ly
r e, a i fortun b c u you coul d h v a s e, e a se a e
b n rich just w ll b p oo Phil d lp hi fu nish
ee as e ny as e r a e a r e s so a
m
.
m m
. .
m
m
,
a nd I
m
m mm
Y et I
m
w th
m
kno
u you ought t p nd ti g tting ich Y u
st sa y
o thing o v lu bl th n on y ;
tha t
ere a re s e
o s
s
e
re a
e
a
e
e
r
a
.
e
o
m m
are s
m
of cou w do Ah y ! B y h t d un p k bly d
m mm
a
rse ,
by g v on which th utu n l v n w f ll I know th
ra
o thing high nd g nd nd ubli
e
e
e
s
.
th n on y
,
er a
e a
es
ra
a
ea
er a
ea r
es
s
o
a e
a
er
,
s ea
a
a sa
ere
m
.
W ll do th
e n know wh
es h uff d th t th
e a o o as s e re a e re a re s e
m mm
, ,
thin g w t s s n d h ol i nd
ee er a o c d th n gol d N th er a re sa re a . ev e r e
l th
ess , n f co e on n l o know th t th i n t ny
a o se se a s s a ere s o a
m
o n of tho thing th t i n t g tly nh nc d by th u of
e
m
on y M on y i p ow
e
se
L ov i th g nd t thing on G od
e s
s a
er
s o
e
rea
s e
e
ra
a
es
e e se
’
s
m m
. .
ea r th b ut fo tun t th l ov wh h rp l nty of on y M on y
a e e er o as e e e
m m
.
,
i p ow ;
s on y h p ow ; nd f
er n te y I do n t
as er s a or a a o sa o
m
,
w nt on y i t y I do n t wi h t do ny good t y ” “
a e s o sa o s o a o
mm m
, ,
f ll ow n It i b u d thu t t lk It i b u d t di conn ct
e e
”
s a s r s o a s a s r o s e
m
. .
m
.
you ti g tting on y b c u of th p ow th i in on y
r e e e e a se e er ere s e
mm
.
,
m
.
f c of p op l wh think ju t th t w y I h d
a es e e n onc o y s a a . ea r a a e sa
in p y ting th t h w th nkful th t h w n of G od
’
a ra er ee a e as a a e as o e s
p oo
th t p ch
a
n d
r,th
s
n I
a il n
m
t ly w
h took in w hing t
ee
ond d w he t h i w
up p o t th
as s
if w ou l d S y t
n w hil h
e
e
as
ere
o s
a
m m s
r
e
e a
sa
e
o
e
m
,
sa t nd a ok d on th v nd I don t w nt t
s e ny o e era a .
’
a o see a re
of th t kind of G od p oo N w wh n
a n coul d h v b n ’
s r o e a a a e ee
m m
.
,
ric h ju t w ll nd h i n w w
s as k b c u h i p oo h h
e a e s o ea e a se e s r, e as
m
,
m mm m
b n unk ind t hi f ll ow n W ought t g t ich if w
n by h ono
ee
bl n d Ch i ti n thod nd th
thod th t w p u quickly tow d th go l of ich
e s a
ra
s
e a
ee
o
th onl y
s
s e
r s a m e
e
.
ar
e
s, a
e a
o
ese a re
r
e r
es .
e
e
I
wh cm
m m o
b n t ny y
re e
into y offi c nd id t
a e
g young th ol ogic l tu d nt
er ,
th t h thought it w
o a
e a
ea rs a
sa
o a
o m
m e a
e
e
a
m
s e
as
hi duty t co l bo with k d hi wh t
m m
“ ”
s in nd o I e a a r ~
e . as e a
h d h pp n d n d h
a a id I f l it i y duty t co in nd
e e a e sa : ee s o e a
m m
,
Sp k t you i nd y th t th Holy S c ip tu d cl th t
ea o S r, a sa a e r re s e a re a
m
,
m
.
mm
, ,
n w B ib l in th old B ibl W ll I id if it i “ ” “
e th t it w e, a as e e e sa s
m m
.
, ,
s s
a
re e
e
mm m s
e
e
r
s
e
er re a
e a rr
m
,
S c ip tu
r n d h p ut th re , a B ib l down on th t b l b fo e nd e e e a e e re e a
f i ly qu l d into y
a r s Th
ea e
you lf I id t hi Y oung n you will l n wh n you
r se .
”
it i
sa
littl ol d th t you c nn ot t u t noth d no in tion
Y u n d it f r
o m e a r,
,
“
mere
m a ,
s . o ca
ea r
rea
, e
o
g t e a e e r, a a r s a er e a
m
d th B ibl f you I s id N w you b l ong t noth
m mm
”
t o rea e e or . a , o , e o a er
d no in tion Pl
e ad it t nd . b th t you ea se rea o e, a re e er a a re
490 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE KIN A G
m
.
B ib l d it Th l of on y i th oot of ll vil “ ”
nd e a rea : e ov e e s e r a e
m
.
Th n h h d it ight
e e Th G a t B oo k h r co b ck into the e rea as e a
m
.
nd l ov of th p op l nd into th c of g
,
t
es ee a e p t th t t e e e, a e re s e e rea es
m
ind of th nd n w you n qu ot it nd est your lif nd
r
s
you de th on it without o f a
ea r
wh n h qu ot d ight
re s
o
e
m e
ca
re ea r
e
.
e
o,
a
e
r
e
e
e
m
e a
r
e
m m
.
mmm m
. .
,
e e
o ut th n Wh n
e ea n k n idol of th on y inst d
s e a a a es a e e ea
m
.
of th p u p o s f which it y b us d wh n h qu
e r se or th a e e e e s eezes e
mm
,
m
, ,
m m
.
,
s e e e e e e er
h d th
p
a
eo p l y
on y nd th di p o ition t giv it ; nd y t y f i nd
yo u
e sa
e
n d I h o ul d n
e
t p nd th ti a
a
m
getting ich H w s
e s s
o s e
o e
e e
a e ,
r
r e
o
,
m m
.
e a er e es or e o o
m
.
t t thi f
ra e if I y you ought t g t ich I ought t l t t
s, or sa o e r a ea s o
m m
, , ,
m m
.
so ny b li v th ; y t h w f l is th p nt tion of
a e e e e e o a se e re rese a
th t
se
a
a n t th w o l d
a
e
H w littl w
o
d y wh n n w p p t y t s ll th i p p s nti ly on o
s e
n tion ! Th w y th y li bout th ich n is o thing
sa
e n t ll wh t is tru no w
e
s a
r
m m
a
mers
.
e
r
o
o
e a
e
e e ca
e r
e r
a
e
er e
a
e
re
s
e
e
s
a
e
A you ng
e
er
n c
a
a
t
n w
th oth m mm m
y bout th city Of
d y nd
a
id
e
a
e s
a
a
e
ers
o
o
e
sa
e
a
er a a
e
sa
m m
.
,
w o ld ? B c u
r
mh h
s
gott n o th n w h v If
e a se
r
m
h p ly by n nvious
.
e
mm ar
n as
e e
e
r
re
e so S
a
ar
e a e
a e
a a
m
.
m
,
hi l s ning ? L t
ea r n t nd in p ul p it n d p
e ch t thou
a a s a a a rea o s
nd nd if I h v fift n p op l in y chu ch nd th y
mm m ll
’
a s, a a e ee e e r , a e re a
l p don t I c itici hi ? W lw y do th t t th
a s ee
’
r n se e a a s a o e a
m
,
wh g ts h d of u
o e Why th
a ea n yo u c itici ing h n s , e a a re r s as o e
ich st m
.
m m m m mm
,
ju t Wh t you
s aw o th On of th a re n in thi cou nt y r . e e r e e s r
c a into y ho
e nd t down in y p lo nd id D id
e a sa ar r a sa :
you ll tho li s bout y f il y in th p p ?
m m
C t inl y
” “
see a se e a a e a er er a
m
I did ; I kn w th y w li wh n I w th Why do th y ”
e e ere es e sa e e
m m
.
li e a bout th w y th y do ? e W ll I s id t hi
e a if you e e , a o ,
m
,
m m
,
m
,
m m
,
fuhni h with th o
s p p h nd tho e n l p hs ! Th e a a a e e v e o e e
m
cl k er
too k o
u d th t n quick nd h p ull d ut dr w and
ea s
nv l op nd p p nd c t th
s e e
re
c o s the count
e
a
es a
a
a er a
, a
as
e
m e
e
a
o
r s
a a er
er
m m
a nd tu n d w y t hi boo k
n f hu
e
—
o
r
nity wh n th p p
count h who w nt h d lw ys b n nticip t d by
er
Y u houl d h v
e
n d nv l op
a
e
a c
n th t p ci
a
c o th
se
o
e
s
a
e
s
s
a
.
a
er a
o
a
s
a
e e
ee
a
es
e see
a
a m e a
a
a
r ss
e
S e
e
se r
m m
v nt H dju t d hi un ing y gl s nd h y ll d ft
a s e a s e s see e e as a e e e a er
-
.
th t cl k
a Co b ck h thir co
er : ight b ck h N w e a ere , e r a ere o
m
, .
,
m m m m
nv l op nd c y th t y nd h d thk Oh th p oo ”
e e es a a rr e o o a e .
, e r
i bl cont p tibl A ic n onk y ! H coul dn t c ry
sera e, e e er a e e
’
ar
m
p p
ar
a
m
n d nv l o p
s dow n
er a tw nty f t
I h v no p ity f
I upp o e h coul d n t g t his
uch t v ti s of hu n n tu
e
a
es
e
e ee
or s
. s
ra es
se
e
e
m a
o
a
e
re .
m
.
m
If yo u h v no c p i t l I gl d of it Y u don t n d c p it l ; ’
a e a a , a a . o ee a a
you n d co on n n t cop p c nts
m
ee se se , o er e .
m m
ric h tmm
A T S t w t th g
.
n in A
es
doll nd h lf n d w nt into th
ar a
t p inc ly
.
ic in hi ti a w
ch nt of N w Yo k th
e
c ntil b u in
a
ar
p oo boy ; h h d
a
,
B ut h a
er
e rea
a
e
r
s
e
e
e,
er
er a
as a
a
e
r
s
e
ess
r
e
,
a
e
a
e
m
.
l o t ighty v n n d h lf c nt of hi fi t doll nd h lf
s e -
se e a a a e s s rs ar a a a
b c u h bought so n dl s nd th d nd buttons t s ll
e a se e e ee e a rea a o e ,
which p op l di dn t w nt
’
e e a .
A you p oo ? It i b c us you
re n t w nt d rnd l ft s e a e a re o a e a a re e
on you wn h nds Th w th g t l son App ly it which
e v w y you will it co
er a
r o
t
a
v y singl p on s lif young r
.
m e re
es o e
as
er
e rea
e
es
ers
.
’
e, o
.
m
old H did n t kn ow wh t p op l n d d nd cons qu ntly
e
hi h nd
of hi
s a
m
d d l o A T S t w t l n d th th g t l sson
s a
c ntil lif nd s id I will n v buy nything o
s er a
ea
e
ss
e a
. . .
a
e
“
ar ea r
e
e
er
ere
a
m m e rea e
re
m
,
until I fi t l n wh t th p op l w nt ; th n I ll k th p u
rs ea r a e e e a e
’
a e e r
ch a se H w nt o und t th doo s n d sk d th
. e ewh t th y ar o e r a a e e a e
did w nt nd Wh n h found ut wh t th y w nt d h inv st d
a a e e o a e a e e e e
m
, ,
y b ; I c
a
.
n t wh the you l wy
a re
docto hous
a re o
o
e
a
er
r r
a re a
e
a
or
er , a
a
r, a e
m m
k p t ch
sa
ee er , wh t v l th p rincip l i p cis ly the
ea
W u t know wh t th w o l d n ds fi st nd th n inv st
e e
e r or
s
a e
a
er e se ,
e r
e
ee r
e
a
s re
e
e
e
m
.
ou lv s t upp ly th t n d nd succ is hn st c rt in
rse e o s a ee a e ss a o e a
m
.
,
m
, ,
m m
.
.
a r ar a
a
e a
o
APPENDICE S 493
m
h und d nd s v n illion i onl y s v n of th
re a e ed th ir m a res
m e e e mm a e e
on y in N w Y o k nd th oth
hund d m
th i fo tun
e r
e
w r d nd ixty v n ut of th m
e
es
ov d t N w Yo k ft
ere
r
ining m
, a
a e, a
e
s
ers
-
se e
e
o
o e
e re
r
a
a er
p op l
e
d th i fo tun s in town of l th n i thou nd
re
n d th
e, a
a e
ich t n in th count y t th t ti liv d ne r
e r
es m r
a
e
e
s
r
e ss
a a
a
m
s x
e e
sa
i a
m
tow n of thi ty fi hund d inh bit nt r nd lw y liv d th
v e re a
m
a s, a a a s e ere
-
a nd n v ov d w y It n t
e
e
is
e
o so
e
m ar e e ss
er e
e
a re a s a
e
e rb it i th ll city th t fu
e , e re e er s e s a er a r
s es e rea on y Th r o a e e s e e
p oo boy nd w h m m
.
o tg g on m
o th n hi ucc o h v v e
r
a e
a
re
o
a
a
s
e a
s e ss r s
e e
a e e er
e
N w Y o k nd b c u th p op l coul d n t m k nough m
.
ea r e a e ill in y to in
e e e a r a e a er s re
m
,
e r , a e a on y se e e e o a e e e
t p y th int
o a t n d th e nt h fo clo d th o tg g nd
e re s a e re e re se e r a e a
m m m
,
doll c p it l n d h l ft th mlon nd w nt ut nd t
n w h h d f il d
a H k p t th
o a tock did n t giv th
a e . e e e sa e s , o e e
a ar a a a e e e a e a e o a sa
p k h h d th m o t i p o t nt n d t m m m
,
m
, ,
p t of th t p tn
ar hip b u in a H w w tching th l di s
ar e rs s e ss . e as a e a e
th y w nt by ; i th n th t w oul dn t g t ich t
’
as e n d wh e a e re s e a a e r a
th t b u in
a ? B u t wh n J ohn J cob A to
s e ss w l dy p with e a s r sa a a a ss ,
h houl d
er s b ck n d h h d up if h did n t c if th
ers a a er ea as S e o a re e
h p of th f mnd
,
wh ol w o l d l ook d on h
e r h tu di d h bonn t ; nd b fo e er, e s e er e a e re
th e
bonn t S o ti
i of l ittl u
s
e
f
.
r
I t y t d c ib
it w oul d b
e
mm
se ,
w om
u t of tyl t m
e
ethin g on
n bonn t b ut it
o ow night S
or
es
r
r
s,
o
e o
es r
e r
e a
s e o
a
-
so
’
s
rr
e
e ,
.
a
o
John J cob A to w nt t th to nd id N w p ut in th
a s r e o e s re a sa :
“
o , e
m
id h I h v ju t n l dy wh lik ju t uch bonn t
m m
“
sa e, a e s see a a o es s s a e .
D n t o k up ny o till I co b ck An d h w nt ut
o a e a re e a e e o
a g in nd t on th t b nch in th p k nd noth l dy of
a a sa a e e ar , a a er a a
e re p l xion p r d hi with bonn t of dif
a e a sse a e
n d col o of cou id h p ut uch ”
N w
“ “
f nt h p
ere S a e a r, rse . o , sa e, s a
bonn t th t in th how window H didn t fill hi how win
e as a e S e
’
s S
m
.
d w with h t
o n d bonn t which d iv a p op l
s a w y n d th n e s r e e e a a a e
Sit in th b ck of th eto nd b wl b c u
a th p op l go o e s re a a e a se e e e s e
wh l t t d H didn t p ut h t bonn t in th t how
mm
’
e re e se o ra e . e a a or e a s
windo w th l ik of which h h d n t e n b fo it w
e d up e a o see e re as a e .
In u city
f tu ing
ac
o
nd th
r
p ci ll y th
ti
r
h
g t op p o tuniti f
es
co wh n th lin i d wn v y
a
e
e
nu a
m e
ere a re
as m e
re a
e e
r
e s
es
ra
or
m
a
er
m
,
ic
wh h the y find i o ibl b k
it m
p ss e to i oc ic on y
rea , a n d the a r st ra t me
n
Ow e r hirn self is so fa r a
i nc
a ss sta e Tha t is the th
bov
ou g
ill n v d c nd
e tha t he w
in
ht tha t is ind ofthe
e er
o l s
i
m
es e to the r
our p e p e
m
. .
B ut , r ef i nd n v in i o y of
the h st r coun y tr wa s the re a n
“
s, e er ou r
Op p rto uni y g t so rea t for the p oo r ic
a n to g et r h a s there is now
in
a egd
the c t
is to it
i y of il d l i
Ph a e p h a
vn
is wha t p re e ts the
o d o n
The r a is p e
v yf c
The er
f o g ng ic
r mm
.
k
etti
a n d l et u s o nb
y
r h
e ep it
di cou
a t tha t the
n
g et s
T ha t is a ll there
.
etwee the
r
pe
“
m
.
,
m m
.
it e a to
The a
m
l bo union
m
r
k l bo c l
a e a a
d cul i
ha s tw o iffi
cl
r s a e for a ll on
fi
t e s ; the rst one is tha t
a sses y
a p a r , a nd the
c l do n
s a e
lf
ha a da y ,
w a
in o d
a n tha t ca n ea r
lvl
n
r e r to e e up to hi
doll
fiv e
i b cil an mmm
a rs a d a y to tw o a nd a
c nno
e e tha t a t
ea r
s
n fif y c n
di cou ging ing
re sul ts
ra
of
t e ts a d a y
th
ok
his w r if he
s for the w r
do b
.
o king
of
Tha t is on e
ok
ette r w r
o d ng ou
ig
the
c nno
an m
ok
or h
He a
st
.
ok
a er
her w r o r w r
s a nd
t g e t the
l ong
ing me r ; tha t is a
f
a n ree a nd e er v y
a
mm m
d ng ou ing er s th
ic n qu l
in o d
a nd
A e r a e a to e e r
,
v yo
v l bo
r e r to g et e e ry a
ic nther A e r a ,
—
m r
let the a
c i li
l bo ing r
a p ta st sa y to hi : ll o k
o
a n a sk w ha t he is w rth a n d g et it
You sha w r for lf of m
e fo r ha
no t let a ny
w ha t
you o l bo o g ni ion ll
m
” “
a re w rth ; n or let a ny a r r a za t sa y : You sha
ok c i li lf you o
m ind
”
w r for the a p ta st for ha r w rth Be a a n, be e
m
.
pe nd ne t , a n d the n l bo ing
sha ll the a r find an o d v o n the r a e er p e
f o ov y
r
ha s to
p
con id
ert
s
l
to w ea th
i obl
e r a n d th s p r
mm
o
m
.
mdi c y
The ther ffi ul t tha t the a
ey v olv
the ha e to s
l bo union
lv e the
r
se es,
m mm
,
is the kind o o Of ra t rs w ho co l
e a n d ta k to thebou a t the opp re s
s iv ic
e r h I ca n in d y r e ci
a s r e o ion
t e t h e vra t d I h a e h ea r
m m m mm
.
a ag in g n und u c ci cu
a nd a a i er s h r nc sta lif
es b n i
M y e ha s ee w th
.
the a
in i m
l bo ing
the r a sse
r
bl i
an . I a
d
e s , hea r
l bo ing
a
m
a
c of
r
the sp ee h
y lf an
the
v f n
se
b n
I ha e O te ,
.
a n who ha s ee
invi d
a ss e
sa
m m
te to a
ying
bl d co
:
e
dd
p a
on
Oh , ye h e st ,
l bo union
re ss the a
ny of on l bo ing
h m m
r
e st
ind iou l bo ing
ustr
a r
s
g
The.
a
b fo
an
b g n by
e
r
n a
ets up
n d
v
h e
e
e
en , who ha e
i
re the
s
fu ni d
r she a ll the c i l of
a p ta o ld
th e w r v buil
w ho ha e t a ll the
m m
,
p a l c
a e s a n d con uc ds tr t e a ll il o d
t h e ra r cov d
a s a n d oc n e r e t h e ea
i
w th he r stea sh p s i you l bo ing
Oh ,
. a r en !no ingYou a re th
l v
b ut s a es ; you g ound do n in
a re r w du by the c i li
st the a p ta st
who is gl o ing ov you
at er nj oy
a s he e b u if
s his ea t ul e sta tes a nd
a s he ha s his
coin d e ou t of
b a nk sfill d i gol d
the hea rts
e w th
bl ood of
’
v y doll
a nd e e r
,
on l bo ing
the h
o n
est a
a r he
r m
w s is
an
”
mm
.
m
how w r
A er a p r
ong
ick d
e
e
it is ! L et the
ic n inci l nd vo i s e ea
l bo ing
a nd the a
r
lov
a n who
w
m
th o
r
a ll h i
nlvd
s s
en so e s a e
b li v in
e s his fl a g a nd
b ing c i l
u l t o r th
.
e e es
Why ,
e a p ta
p
49 6 TH E ART or PUB LIC S PE AKING
up on th t ho nd l ook d ut up on th oc n no tic d th t th
a s re a e o e ea e a e
mm
m
,
ship s th y
, il d w y nk d p into th
as e sa e th f th a a , sa ee er e sea e ar er
th y w nt And S inc th t ti o oth S p ni sh hip
”
e e e a e s e er a s s
m
.
h v a unk into th s
e s B u t s C olu b u s notic d th t th top s
e ea . a e a e
of th t d o pp d dow n u t of S ight h s id
e as s r Th t is th
e o , e a : a e
w y it is with this h h ndl ; if yo u go ound thi h h ndl
_
a oe a e ar s oe a e,
th f th
e
m
t th E t Indi
o e
ff yo u go th f th
ar
o
ca
s m m sa
e
ar
e
m
. .
a es ount in in its g tn
e e s a a rea ess .
Wh th g
o a re t inv nto ? Th y e reav th i p le p l in e rs e a re e er e s , a ,
e v yd y p op l wh
er a th n d n d e t bout t
e up p ly it
o se e e ee a se a o s .
b nk t di ctly b hind l dy wh wo
a sa re v yl g ht I e a a o re a er ar e a .
s id t th t u di nc Y ou w lt h i t n t you ; you “
a o a a e e, r ea s oo ea r o a re
m
l ooking ight ov it H whi p d t hi f i nd W ll th n
m
” “
r er e s ere o s r e e e
m m
.
, , ,
y w l th is in th t h t A l ittl l t h w ot id ”
ea a I a e a er , a s e r e e, sa
m
. ,
“
Wh v th i hu n n d th i g t fo tun th n
ere er e re s a a ee e re s a rea er r e a
b tt h t p in th n w in th h t b fo himnd th
a in n fu ni h H c ught y thou ght n d h d w up his
e ca r s
”
e a a e re
m
.
,
pl n f
a or a e er a a as e a e re a e
m
,
n m
p in is n w b ing nuf ctu d H w off d fifty fi thou
o e a a re . e as e re -
v e
m
.
mm m m
a n d? ee
I b w ll
re e n u p in y n
er tiv h ille p oo an wh a a e s, a r a o
m
,
m mm
,
e a p l t t h
e s -
t cov read th p oo n s a e re e a ere e r a
’
in th p ing—th w
.
f or e S r ere e re s e r s s ar a
p out t c tc h th
a pl e
as
e re a e s m
e S r
s o a
e
e
ea r
a
e
e
sa
m
p
m
n d,
young th boy w
I a b w
h
h
e
t
b fo th t n h d gott n ut of b d in th
e re a
h treb u c k
a
t
s
we s ; n
n th t th y w nt t th t t
d
ning
a
w h n
er I
e re , o
nd
w
ft
e re
e
so
o
a
ea ,
e
a
e
m
a
e
e
a
or
e o
’
e
a
a
a
ree
as
er
m
,
m m
,
s ea r k g t d l of pl
e e
’
a e a re a ea a e
m
.
s ug f o th t t
ar r B u t ne d y h a d th ug ree wh t o a e a e e s a r so 1 e
m m
.
m m
nm
thou ght
a :
p l u
Why don t you
g u t b d
a b l
e s c k
k it th t w y nd ll it f conte
H
’
id t t
arh Old s
a e
e re or
a
a
a
.
a
e sa
se or
o e
e
m
ti n y ? Th ol d n c u ght hi th ou ght n d inv nt d th
o er e a a s a e e e
“
ock p l c y t l nd b fo th t p t nt xp i d h h d
r a e r s a ,
”
a e re a a e e re e a
r
m
it of th t t
e
ight by th t th t h
Af t fo ty y
a
a
e
owning th t t h w ok t
ree
find it h d fo tun of on y ind d in it And ny of u r
.
fo tun f u and w wn t p o ss
ree
es
a
er
as a
r
e
r
ea rs
ee
e or s,
.
a
e o
m
re e
a
e a
i ,
s a re
sse
e o
mm m
it do wh t w will with it b u t w do n t l n its v lu b c us
a e e o ea r a e e a e
, ,
w do n t
e th hu n n d nd in th di cov i s nd n
o see e a ee , a ese s er e a i
v c ived l tt rs f o ll ov th coun t y nd f o
I ha e re e e e r m a er e r a r m
E ngl nd wh
thi
a
s a
a
nd th t nd n
,
as
a m
I h v l ctu d s ying th t th y h v di cov
ere
n ut in Ohi o t ook
, a
f cto i l t p ing nd id th t th y co t hi $680 000 nd
r es S r
a
th ough hi g
o e
d
t
e
a
e
a
sa
o
re , a
a e
mm a
s
e
e
a
r
e s
s
ere
rea
a
m m mm
, , ,
sa id h I w s n t w orth
e, c nt in th w o ld wh n I h d your
a o a e e r e ea r
m
right h
re
nd k y fortun h
ere a mmm
l ctu Ac s of D i ond but I d up y ind t stop
e re
nd h it i a H how d
e
a s,
e ere , a
a e
ere s
”
e s
o
e
m
.
th ou gh hi un o tg g d p o
e r ion And thi i continu l
s r a e ssess s s s a a
m
.
m
,
mm
th t you
a n do th if you will
ca e sa e .
in
Wh
a m
m
th g
n wh u
t inv nto ? I
o a re e b
d t liv in E t B kfi ld Mass H was
a o
good illu t tion
se
rea
o
e
e
rs
as
re
roo
e
e
er a s ra
e a
m
. .
,
m
,
m
.
w nt ut nd
e o t down on n a hb l in hi b ck y d Think
sa a as a rre s a ar .
a
e
nd h
e
w
t on th t
se hb
t
e sa
ra dows
nd hiding
e r
a as
as
a
a rre
a
, e
ar
e s rea
e
mm e
a
ea
a
m
un d th b nk I do n t sup p o h thought of T nnyson s ’
er e a . o se e e
b utiful p o
ea e :
Cha tte r
To mm
ch tt as I fl w
m m mm
j oin th b i ing iv
, a
e
er,
r
o
r
,
er ,
M n ey co nd n ay go e, a e a ,
B ut I go on fo v
”
re er .
B ut
m m l ook d in o
as th b ook
i s l
the r d an , he ea p e ofl tha t ash
e t
y o d giv m
b l
a rre a nd ngd c c
a a e ou i
to a t h the tr fing n
t w th his ers, a nd se t
it toWo c r ester y o b ck
The wr te a tha t the w ul e hi a
m oo m
.
fiv edoll bi ar no
ll for au c ou
ther s h tr o
t a s tha t , not tha t it wa s w rth
mk o c n if
tha t uc y i d l
h , b ut the w she to he p the p r
f c ly uni d
a e r a nd his w e , now p er e t
i o
doll bi
an
te , tha t fi v e
S O th s S h e
ar ll
.
m b im m
no
in p r sp e t , w e t out to g et a ou y n
ther tr t The w e t up the
m
.
stre a ou c
to its s do n
r e a nd ing iv
w to the r r er , b u t n ot
c momdi con ol m m
ano ou co
ther tr t y ul d the ol y
fin d in the wh e strea ; a nd so the
a e h e s s n i
a te a n d w e t to the ni nister The i ster
info mion
.
didn kno
’
t ou g on d
w how tr t rew , b ut he p i te the w a y id Sa he , .
n book
G et S eth G re e s
’
i giv you
, a n d tha t w ll e the r at
you n wa t y found
The did so , a nd
. bou cul u of
a ll a t the t re
trou t y fou d
The n tha t a tr t a s th rt S ix h re ou l y i y
e s und d gg
m
-
.
v yy
e er v y
ea r a n d e er tr t a s a a rt er a p n ou g in qu
e er ea r ,of ou d v y y
so tha t
ll
in fou
to se to the k
r yea rs a
a r et a t
tt e tr
t m
t w ll
e ts a p
r sh r t li l ou i fu ni fou on
s p er a
he the fif y c n
nn u
ound W n y found
m m
.
y id y
tha t , the s a the di
’
t e
e e a ny s dn b li v
h st r a s tha t , b ut uc o y
if they cou d l g et fi v e a rs a p ie e the co a e sdoll c
eth n y ul d k o i g .
4 98 THE ART or PU B L IC S PE AKING
An d ight in th t
r b ck y d with th co l ift up tr a sa m e a ar
m e a S er s ea m
a
h
nd windo w c
t out
r
as
Th y ft w d .
n down th t
m
th y b g n th cul tu
e
b co th uthority in th Unit d S t t up on th i ing
e e
s ree
ov d t th Hud on n d inc th n h
a
e a
er
of
m
ar s
e s re a
e
e
o
,
e
e
e
s
a es
e
,
a
a S
e
e
e ra s
re
e e
Fi h C o
s
,
m
m
of fi h n d h h b n n xt t th high t on th Unit d S t t
s a
i ion in W hington My l on i th t n w lth
ss
e as ee
as
e o e
ess
es
s
e
a m a
e
’
s ea
a es
m
.
mm m
it u ntil hi wif d ov hi u t w ith p stick
m
s ee s e r e o a o .
I b
re ting p on lly p oo c p nt Of Hingh
e er ee e rs a a r ar e er a
m
,
M s chu tt wh w s ut Of w o k nd in p ov ty Hi wif
a sa se s, o a o r a er . s e
a sl o d ov hi ut of doo r H e t down on th sho ond rs . e sa e re a
whittl d o k d hingl into w ood n ch in Hi chil d n
e a s a e s e a e a s re
m
.
m
whittl toy if yo u n c v lik th t ? H id I don t know ” “ ’
e s ca ar e e a e sa
m
,
m
.
p op l chil d n I u d t
m
p op l l ik th t wh n I t u ght
m
’ ”
e e s re se o se e e e e a e a
m
.
m
.
,
id S wh t do yo u w nt f I w nt wh l
“ “
h e sa , at y? , a a or a o a a ee
b ow Wh n hi littl gi l c
a rr down h k d h wh t h
e s e r a e e as e er a s e
m
.
,
m
, , ,
mm
.
m mo whittl u t toy t pl th
knif nd d tho unp int d Hingh toy H i th ich
e, a
e H b g n wi th hi j ck
o
a e
s
se
o ea se
a e
e .
a
e e a
s e s
s
e r
a
m
.
es t n in th nti N w E ngl nd S t t if M L w on i t
a e e re e a a es , r a s s o
m m
.
b t u t d in his t t
e r s e nt conc ning uch thing nd y t th t s a e e er s s, a e a
n fo tun w
a
’
s d by con ulting hi wn child n in hi
r e as a e s s o re s
wn h o u Y u don t n d t go u t of yo u wn h o u t find
m
’
o se . o ee o o r o se o
o ut wh t t inv nt wh t t
a k I lw y t lk t l ong on
o e or a o a e . a a s a oo
thi ub j c t
m mm
s s e .
m I w oul d l ik t t th g t n wh h
e t night
o Th ee e rea e o a re ere o e
-
mm mm
.
g t n ! W don t h v ny g t n in Phil d lp hi G t
rea e e
’
a e a rea e a e a . rea
n! Y u
e y th t th y ll co o f o L ondon S n F nci co
sa a e a e r or a ra s
l b ut h — nywh
, ,
e se a ju t s g t
e a a e a e re a re s a rea
m mmm m
, ,
n in Phil d lp hi
e in ny city of it i a Th
e g t a as a s S ze ere a re rea
m m
.
n e nd w o a n in this u di nc G t n I h v id e a e e rea e a e sa a re
m
.
, ,
v y i pl
er Sn Ju t s ny g t n he e t b fou nd
. s a a rea e ere a s a re o e
a nywh Th g t t
ere o in ju dging g t n is th t w
. e re a es e rr r re a e a e
think th t th y lw y h ol d n offic
of it g t t n Whs
m m
rea
a
th g
young n nd young w o n y w ll k th qu tion It i
a
t
Th w o l d kno ws no thing
es
a
e a
n of th w o l d ?
e Th .
a s
o a re
mm m a
a
e
a
e
rea
.
e as
e
e
r
e
e
es
r
.
e
s
n t n c
o y th t th y hould hol d n offi c nd y t th t is th
e essa r a e S a e, a e a e
p op ul id Th t i th id
ar w t c h n w in u high schoo l s
ea . a s e ea e ea o o r
50 0 THE ART OF PUB LI C S PE AKING
m m
coun t y th n h h v
?m
High S chool t
ac
r
If th y nsw
c iv d B ut upp os I go into th
a
o ow nd k B oys wh sunk th M ri
H ob son th y t lle
o
e
-
v n ighths
a
as e
rr
er
er re e
a
e
as
e
,
.
e
s
e
o
m m
e
e se e
e
e
er
e
of li —s v n ighths of li bec u th w
-
m m
,
a e e e -
e ight n wh a
’
e, a se ere ere e e o
sunk th : M ri c Th oth s v n n by vi tu of th i
e er a e er e e e r e e r
m m
.
,
p o ition w
s continu lly xp o d t the S p ni h fi whil
ere a e se o a s re , e
m
,
H ob on s n offi c , ight
as a on bly b b hind th ok er , re a s a e e e s e
st c k a Why y fri nds in this int ll ig nt u di nc g th d e e e a e e a ere
m m
.
, ,
m mmm
.
w t ch hi to ry in th t w y ? W ou ght t t ch th t how v r
e ea s a a e o ea a e e
hu bl th st tion
hi p l cs
e
h is ju t
a e,
n y occup y if h do s hi f ull duty in
e a
uch ntitl d t th A ric n p op l s
e s
a
as
a a
e e
,
o
e
em m e
e
s
a e e
’
h ono s i r aking up on th on W do t ch it s
did h littl boy in N w Yo k wh n h id M
er
s a
e
oth r
wh t e
a r
r
e .
e
e
e sa
ea
m
mm a
a
a
a,
e
a
m
,
g t b uil ding i th t ?
re a Th t i G n l G nt s t o b
s a
“
a s e era ra
’
.
”
“
Wh w s G n l G nt ?
o a H w s th e n who p ut do wn
era ra
“
e a e a
th b llion I th t th w y t t ch hi to y ?
e re e .
”
s a e a o
‘
ea s r
m m me ,
o s
. e
e a
mse e
e re a
era
m
,
G nt w s p son ll y g
ra a t n hi lf b ut th t to b is th
er a a re a a se a ere
m m
,
b c us h w
e a e p s n t tiv
e n nd p s nt d two hu ndr d
a s a re re e a e a a re re e e e
thou nd
of th m
mmm
sa
s ge
n w h w n t do wn t d
t s G n
to b st nd s on th h ights ova
a
th f
e
th Hu d son
th i n tion n d
l G nt Th t is why th t b utiful
rea
o
a
e
ny e
e
e e ra ra
er
o ea
.
e
or
a
e r
.
a
a
a
ea
a
I
th t I a
reb n incid n t th t w ill i llu st
n giv t night
ca
e
I sh
er a t thi s th o nl y n
d of it but I don t d
e o -
m m m e a
a a a e
ra e , e
’
o
a re
e
m
.
,
l v it ut I clo
ea e o y y n w ; I l oo k b ck th ou gh th y
. se s e es o a r e ea r
t 1 863 ; I c n
o y n tiv tow n in th B k shi
a seeHill I n a e e er re s, ca
s th t c ttl
ee a h ow g ou nd fi ll d with p op l ; I
a e s -
n s th r e e e ca ee e
chu ch th
a nd fl
r
mm
g
see s fl
n d th to w n h ll c o w d d
ying n d h
ere a
nd
a k c hi f s tre
nd h
ing —
b nds p l ying
w ll do I c ll a
e
a
a
er
r
e m e
s
, a
a
ea r a
e
a
re a
,
a
a
t thi s
th C o e
mm
o nt th t d y Th p op l h d tu n d ut t c iv
m
co p ny of ol di s nd th t co p ny c
a
on Th y h d rv d ut n t
e
s
in th Civil W r
a
rc hing up on er
e
a
, a
a
.
se
e
a
e
e
o
m m
mm e
o
a
a
e
a
er
r
e
e
a
o
e
o re e
a
e
m m
.
a nd h d enl i t d
a n d th y w
re b ing c iv d by th i n tiv
s e a e e re e re e e e r a e
m
,
to w n n I w s b ut boy b ut I w s c p t in of th t co p ny
s e a a a a a a a
—
m mm m
m
.
, ,
h v bu t
a
e
e m
p uff d u t with p id on th t d y why
m m
o
ll t p i c
rs A I
c b ric n dl w oul d
ch d on th Co on t
e a
r e
o e es
a a
s ar
, a
e
a
e
ee e
a
m m
.
th h d of
e ea y co p ny th w s n t n o p ou d th n a ere a o a a re r a
m
,
I .W ch d into th town h ll nd th n th y s t d y
e ar e e a a e e ea e
sol di s down in th c nt of th hous nd I took y p l c
er e e er e e a a e
down on th f ont t nd th n th town offic s fil d th ough
e r sea a e e er e r
m m mm
,
th g e t th ong of p o p l
re a wh stood cl o r nd p ck d in th t e e, o se a a e a
littl h ll Th y c
ar
e a up on th p l tfo
.
,
,
e
r
“
e
a r
a
a
a r e
e
APPE NDICE S 50 1
ne d d t b t ul y g t m n d wh n h c m
.
,
m
.
e e n
o e a up h dju t d
r rea a a e e a e e a s e
m m
,
hi p ow ful p ct cl
s n d gl nc d c l
er ly ound th udi nc
s e a es a a e a ar e a e e
Invit d m
;
e a a e r r ar a e e o e
v took notic of mb fo I w nt t w
on th t nd with th town offic
e s a up on th t nd ! e e rs . e e e s a
N tow n offic
o er e er e e e re e o ar
dvi d th t ch t wh l mb ut I mn no hono bl
.
N w I houl d n t
o y th t s On town offic w th wh o sa a e er as ere o
m
.
,
“ ” “
a se e ea er o a e e, ea ra e
I took m t nd l t m
ntion S I w invit d up on th t nd with th town
e o as e e s a e
fold d m m co m
.
offic e rs y .
y w o d f ll on th fl oo nd sea a e s r a e r, a
y e y b t n d w it d t
ar b c iv d
s a r ss rea s a a e o e re e e
N p ol on th Fifth ! P id go th b fo
a e d t uction nd f ll
e r e e e re es r a a a
h ll th ch i m n of th S l ctm nd c m
.
e y a e sea a a e a e S e r e
a e n o a r fo w d
a e e e e ar se a a e r ar
wi th g t digni ty t th t b l
re a nd w ll up p o d h w oul d o e a e, a e a s se e
r e in i t wh w th onl y o to
e re a a s er , o as e ra r
in th town nd wh w oul d giv th o tion t th tu ning
e a o e e ra o e re r
d th t thi ol d f m
,
soldi B ut f i nd
ers you hould h v n th u p i th t r e s, s a e se e e s r r se a
ra n ov th t u di nc wh n th y di cov
er a a e e e e s e re a s ar er
w
S
as
p ch in hi l if b fo
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o
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d t think th t th fli w oul d m
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e sa
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e err
a
r
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a
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hi
a
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h v f ll n into h
n o
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to a
a e
S h h d w itt n u t ra p ch nd w lk d u p
r.
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a n d down th p tu until h h d l n d it by h t nd
f ight n d th c ttl nd h b ought th t nu c ip t with hi
r e e
e
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see it n d w lk d f b ck on th p l tfo
a n d th n
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um
,
r ar e uch f
s . e s a e s e e s e , or
h e a ss d n locution y ttitud ; h e t d h vi ly up on hi
a e ar a e e re s e ea s
l ft h l lightly dv nc d th ight foot th w b ck hi houl
e ee , s a a e e r , re a s s
d op n d th o g n of p ch nd dv nc d hi ight h nd
e rs , e e e r a s s ee , a a a e s r a
at n ngl of fo ty fi
a a A h tood in th t l ocution y tti
e r -
v e s e s a e ar a
mof m k d mif I do n t x gg t it b ut
.
tu d thi i ju t th w y th t p
e s ch w nt thi i it p ci ly
s s e a a S ee e s s re se
Im
.
,
So y f i nd h v
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m
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I coul d n t x gg t it p o ib l ! Thi i th w y it w nt ;
o e a era e . ss e s s e a e
th u g h I n t h f to y b ut th l on th t i b ck
}i
a o th a o ere or e s r e e ss a s a
0 t:
b g n t h k lik th t hi kn b g n t t m
ll ow citi n
“
Fe A oon h h d hi voic hi h nd ze s S s as e ea r s e, s a
e a o S bl n d th n
a e e a s e es e a o re e, a e
ound t look t hi m
,
h eh ook ll ov
S a er . e e a e a a a e
nu c ip t Th n h b g n g in F l “
—
o a s
—
ar a s r e
—
e e a a
—w
e a :
v y h p p y t w l com
.
l w citi n W w zew s: W v y a re
h p p y—w
o e e a re e a re e a re er
—
e a re
a —
v y p py w
h e a re er a e a re er a o e e
b ck t th i n tiv town th
a o ol di wh h v fought nd
e r a e e se s ers o a e a
50 2 THE ART OF PU B LIC S PE AKING
b l d —
e
—
n d co b ck g in t th i n tiv town W
a
—
m —
e a p a a o e r a e
'
e a re es e
m
.
o (th t mnt )
i lly w
c a p ci ll y w
e a rep ci ly w
l es p ci ll y
e a e a re es e a e a re es e a
p l d t
ea se
m
w
thi you ng h o wh in i
s
it h u t o d y t
o se eh i yo u ng
gin tion (f i nd
er
h
b h id o
s
m a
a a
s
r e
er
s , re mm a
e
ea
e r, e sa
e
h v a n hi hining hi hining w h v
e see s s n hi hining s s e a e se e s S
— —
w e h v na hi h ining
e hi
se e h ining w o d fl hing in th
s S s S
m s r as e
m
s unlight h hout d t his t oop C o on ! as e s e o r s, e
’
Oh d d , d d ! H w littl th t good ol d n kn w
ea r , ea r , ea r , ea r o e a , a e
a bout w If h h d known nything bout w
ar h ou ght t
e a a a a r, e o
m m
.
h v known wh t ny ol di
a e in thi u di nc know i t u th t
a a s er s a e e s s r e, a
t go h d of hi m I with m
it i n x t t
s c i f n Offic of inf nt y v in ti of d ng
e o a r e or a er a r e er e a er
s
o a n ea
I w oul d go h d of m
unl ight houting t y t oop S C omon
y hining w o d fl hing in th
I n v
s
did it
o
e
m .
,
r s:
s
m
e
s
”
r as
e er
e
m m
.
,
f ont by th n y nd in th b ck by y w n m
.
D you up p o
o s y se n t b ho t in th a ea e o e S e
r e e e n? Th t i a e a o e a s
no p l c f n offic a e Th p l c f
or a th offi c i b hind th er e a e or e er s e e
m
.
p iv t
r ol di in ctu l fighting H w Oft n
a e s er t ff o ffic
a I a . o e , as a s a er ,
r od down th lin wh n th R b l y nd y ll w co ing ut
e e e e e e e cr a e as o
Of th w ood e w p ing l ong ov th fi l d nd hout d
s, s ee a er e e s, a s e ,
th f th e b hind h go s N t b c u h i ny th l b v
ar er e e e . o e a se e s a e e ss ra e,
e
e a
e
se e
m as
a ra
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m s
m m
.
, ,
s
r
m
n t th
i d hi on th i b ck th ough d p iv
e
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a
; th y h d gon do wn t d
ntion d th b ut th y w b ut littl
e s
a rr e
th f
o
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er
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or
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m
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for
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w s ight thou gh I g nt t th o th
r
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,
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id th th t I
ctu lly di d f th i
e
k
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ra
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only p iv t ol di r Il n d l on th t I will n v fo g t
a e s ers ea r e a e ss a e er r e
m m m
. .
p li hm
con i t in doing o g t d d with littl
s
s s s
nt of v t pu po s f o
e th p iv t as
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es,
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er s ree s ,
re ,
50 4 TH E ART OF PUB LIC S PE AKING
a utho of thi i r s mm
n nd t ng wo k i n of th st ong e se a s ra e r s o e e r
r c a
m
e
B ody t body h m
of R volutioni t w it
m i
e
o
B l c go
m mt ight t th go l
m
od n oci ty ; f o ll h w est e
s
se zes
r e rs .
er
a za
s e
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r a
o
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r
a
s
.
e r e se a
n s r se a e r o e a
m m
, ,
c tchw o d f o noth
a r , k H nsa ck d ic h di
r a er a as . e ra e v e, e s
se t d pc e ion H a ssch d ut nd ound d n soul h t
. e se a r e o a s e a , , ea r ,
e nt il s b in th by th t ch n h within hi lf
ra ra -
e a ss a ea o e as se
And by g c of hi f ra n d vigo o u n tu
e ; by p rivil g of
s ree a r s a re a e e
f c a
e
m
n
e , ca
mmm
e
m m e
o cl ly th d tiny of hu nity nd co p
see
—
n volutions f c t
o
re
r
ea r
e,
e
,
es
a see re
a a
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re
o
sev
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m m
erem
h nd P ovid nc b tt r
m r
B l c d
e
c h ly in M olie
o
m m
This i w h t h h
m
nd
s
—
i nth op y in Rou u re a
s e a
ssea
s,
.
s e r
which h h
m l ft u e w o k l ofty n d ol id
as e nt s, a r a s a e
-
mm
,
m m
wn p d t l th futu
Hi d th tup fi d P i ! Onl y
s ea
will b
e
s
n w bl f th t tu
es a
f w onth g h h d
e
,
e
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ar s
re e a
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era e or
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e .
see
th
e
his co unt y g in mm n w h w oul d m
co b ck t F nc F ling th t h w s dying h wi h d t
a o
r
of di t n t voy g Hi l if w s ho t but full o
e ev e a s a
ra
b c hi oth on
a a
e .
, as o
a
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e
.
o
s
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S
ra
r
e
,
s
e s e
er
re
o
, ,
fill d with d ds th n d y
e ee a a s
m
.
Al ! thi p ow ful w o k
as n v f tigu d thi p hil o op h
s er r er , e er a e s s er ,
m m m m m
,
t m
of to of t if of qu l nd co b ts co on in ll ti s
s r s r e, a rre s a a a e
m m
, ,
t ll g
o a n T d y h i
re a t p c H c p cont ntion
e . o -
a e s a ea e . e es a es e
a nd h t d On th
a re d y h nt into gl o y nd th to b e sa e a e e e rs r a e
mm
. .
Wh t v m
e a
m
ong th t of hi count y All you wh
you n t t p t d t nvy hi ?
o e
ur g i f in p
e
e s a rs
nc of uch l o l t us
h
o e
s r . o a re ere , a re
y b
a e er a e o r e rese e s a ss , e
a cc p t th c t t op h s with ign tion ! L t u cc p t in it
e e se a as r e re s a e s a e
wh t v i di t
s ar
rea
a
m
m
e
m
erm er
ea
m
ing nd v ; it i good p h p it is n s
m a
s
y p h p in n p och lik ou th t f o ti t ti th
s,
g t d d h ll co unic t t p i it d vou d with k p tici
s
s re ss
a
a e
a
a e
se
e
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o s
rs ,
r
s
s
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e
r
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er a