TEST 48

1. In 1919, Sir Reginald Fleming Johnston was ______ as a tutor to Puyi, who was the last emperor of
China.
A. brought about B. taken on  C. caught out                 D. kept in
2. It was hard to ______ the temptation to watch the late night show even though I was so tired.
A. defy   B. resist   C. feign                           D. amass
3.There was a ______ on board the Bounty and the crew put the captain in a lifeboat and set it drift.
A. rebellion  B. insurrection  C. mutiny                        D. revolution
4.It was an act of considerable bravery, way beyond the call of duty, and we will forever be in his ______ .
A. debit  B. tycoon  C. compilation D. debt
5.One of the country's legendary tenor saxophone players, his name might not ring a bell for those who are
not in tune with Jazz in India, but he deserves to be remembered.
A. sound familiar B. sound strange  C. be famous D. be announced
6.My little daughter would spend an inordinate amount of time in the shop, deciding exactly which four
comics she was going to buy.
A.fallible B. limited C. atrocious D. diligent
7.More complex decision-making is then either avoided, postponed, or put into the hands of the army of
professionals, lifestyle coaches, lawyers, advisors, and the like, waiting to ______ the emotional burden
for a fee
A. lighten B. shiver C. dart D. tremble
8. Please help me with this math problem. I can’t___________the answer.
A. end up B. face up to C. come up with D. run into
9. If we lose the case we may be _______________ for the costs of the whole trial.
A. compatible B. liable C. devout D. accessible
10. The committee is _______ of well-known mountaineers.
A. contained B. comprised C. conceded D. dissuaded
11. This ticket ____ you to a free meal in our new restaurant.
A.jests B. cascades C. entitles D. credits
12. We were all in___________of the fact that the new manager was our oldfriend Duncan.
A. demise B. shock C. awe D. amazement
13. Your store needs a bold sign that will catch the _____ of anyone walking down the street. That
may help to sell more products.
A. eye B. peek C. flash D. glimpse
14. The lottery winner was willing to spend a considerable sum of money to ______ to charity to help
those in need.
A. give away B. take off C. bring about D. come across
15. When I agreed to help, I didn't know what I was __________ myself in for.
A. laying B. putting C. letting D. bringing
16. There are usually a lot of job seekers applying for one position. Only a few of them are _____ for an
interview.
A. shortlisted B. listed C. screened D. tested
17. Crops are often completely destroyed by _________ of locusts.
A. bands B. troupes C. swarms D. flocks
18. “Sorry for being late. I was _________ in the traffic for more than an hour.”
A. carried on B. held up C. put off D. taken after
19. I have no idea to____________ this kind of business.
A. make B. turn C. take D. run
20. There's a(n) ____________ of difference between liking someone and loving them.
A. world B. earth C. whole D. entirety
21. His answer was so confusing that it hardly made ____
A. discretion B. interpretation C. indelibility D. sense
22. The children are really getting in my___________ Tell them to go and play out side.
A. hair B. nerves C. mouth D. books
23. Even if that laptop is the most expensive in the store, it doesn’t _________ mean that it is the best.
A. severely B. valuably C. doubtfully D. necessarily
24. When someone is down on their __________, friends are not easy to find.
A. mood B. luck C. fortune D. merit
25. There was a ________of thunder and then it started to pour with rain.
A.series B. clap C.sound D. flash
26. I have bought this gym equipment________approval. I can return it within fifteen days.
A.with B.in C.on D. at
27. Such approaches should be supported and mainstreamed in health interventions in order to________
positive behavior change.
A. put off B. set off C. bring about D. hold up
28. The opposition will be elected into government at the next election, without a________ of a doubt.
A. shade B. shadow C. benefit D. hue
29. He was a natural singer with a voice that was as clear as _.
A. a bell B. a mirror C. a waterfall D. a lake
Question 18: I'm so ____ under with work at the moment - it's awful.
A. iced B. rained C. snowed D. fogged
READING COMPREHENSION
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions
Many of the major supermarket chains have come under fire with accusations of various unethical acts
over the past decade. They've wasted tonnes of food, they've underpaid their suppliers and they've
contributed to excessive plastic waste in their packaging, which has had its impact on our environment.
But supermarkets and grocers are starting to sit up and take notice. In response to growing consumer
backlash against the huge amounts of plastic waste generated by plastic packaging, some of the largest UK
supermarkets have signed up to a pact promising to transform packaging and cut plastic wastage. In a
pledge to reuse, recycle or compost all plastic wastage by 2025, supermarkets are now beginning to take
some responsibility for the part they play in contributing to the damage to our environment, with one major
supermarket announcing their plan to eliminate all plastic packaging in their own-brand products by 2023.
In response to criticisms over food waste, some supermarkets are donating some of their food surplus.
However, charities estimate that they are only accessing two per cent of supermarkets' total food surplus, so
this hardly seems to be solving the problem. Some say that supermarkets are simply not doing enough.
Most supermarkets operate under a veil of secrecy when asked for exact figures of food wastage, and
without more transparency it is hard to come up with a systematic approach to avoiding waste and to
redistributing surplus food.
Some smaller companies are now taking matters into their own hands and offering consumers a greener,
more environmentally friendly option. Shops like Berlin's Original Unverpakt and London's Bulk Market
are plastic-free shops that have opened in recent years, encouraging customers to use their own containers
or compostable bags. Online grocer Farmdrop eliminates the need for large warehouses and the risk of
huge food surplus by delivering fresh produce from local farmers to its customers on a daily basis via
electric cars, offering farmers the lion's share of the retail price.
There is no doubt that we still have a long way to go in reducing food waste and plastic waste. But
perhaps the major supermarkets might take inspiration from these smaller grocers and gradually move
towards a more sustainable future for us all.
(Adapted from https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org)
1. Which is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. Sustainable Supermarkets B. Grocers vs. Supermarkets
C. Major Supermarket Chains D. Friendly Supermarkets
2. According to paragraph 2, more and more people want supermarkets to ______.
A. reduce their plastic waste B. donate some of their food surplus
C. compost all plastic wastage D. lower their prices for local farmers
3.The word “backlash” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. request B. agreement C. reaction D. benefit
4.The phrase “the lion's share” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. the best choice B. the largest part C. the animal's food D. the royal dish
5.Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage?
 A. There is a grocer in Berlin that doesn't allow customers to use their own containers.
B. Supermarkets are not telling people how much food they are actually wasting.
C. Supermarkets are still denying that plastic packaging can cause damage to our environment.
D. Farmdrop stores large amounts of food and produces unnecessary waste.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions
Geothermal energy offers enormous potential for direct, low-temperature applications. Unlike indirect
applications, this new technology relies on the Earth’s natural thermal energy to heat or cool a house or
multifamily dwelling directly without the need to convert steam or other high-temperature fluids into
electricity, using expensive equipment.
A geothermal system consists of a heat pump and exchanger plus a series of pipes, called a loop,
installed below the surface of the ground or submerged in a pond or lake. Fluid circulating in the loop is
warmed and carries heat to the home. The heat pump and exchanger use an electrically powered vapor-
compression cycle – the same principle employed in a refrigerator – to concentrate the energy and to
transfer it. The concentrated geothermal energy is released inside the home at a higher temperature, and
fans then distribute the heat to various rooms through a system of air ducts. In summer, the process is
reversed: excess heat is drawn from the home, expelled to the loop, and absorbed by the Earth.
Geothermal systems are more effective than conventional heat pumps that use the outdoor air as their
heat source (on cold days) or heat sink (on warm days) because geothermal systems draw heat from a
source whose temperature is more constant than that of air. The temperature of the ground or groundwater
a few feet beneath the Earth’s surface remains relatively stable – between 45°F and 70°F. In winter, it is
much easier to capture heat from the soil at a moderate 50°F than from the atmosphere when the air
temperature is below zero. Conversely, in summer, the relatively cool ground absorbs a home’s waste heat
more readily than the warm outdoor air.
The use of geothermal energy through heat-pump technology has almost no adverse environmental
consequences and offers several advantages over conventional energy sources. Direct geothermal
applications are usually no more disruptive of the surrounding environment than a normal water well.
Additionally, while such systems require electricity to concentrate and distribute the energy collected, they
actually reduce total energy consumption by one-fourth to two-thirds, depending on the technology used.
For each 1,000 homes with geothermal heat pumps, an electric utility can avoid the installation of 2 to 5
megawatts of generating capacity. Unfortunately, only a modest part of the potential of this use for
geothermal energy has been developed because the service industry is small and the price of competing
energy sources is low.
(Adapted from Teach Yourself Toefl, Macmillan)
6.What does this passage discuss mainly?
A. The use of geothermal energy for home heating and cooling
B. The possibility of using geothermal energy to make electricity
C. The technical challenges posed by geothermal energy
D. The importance of conserving nonrenewable energy sources
7.According to paragraph 1, which of the following is not a difference between indirect geothermal
technology and direct applications?
Trang 3/4, mã đề thi 001
A. A need for expensive equipment B. The use of high-temperature fluids
C. Converting energy to electricity D. Reliance on geothermal energy
8.The word "it" in paragraph 1 refers to ______.
A. energy B. heat  C. refrigerator D. vapor-compression cycle
9.The word “submerged ” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. put under water B. hid completely C. floated about D. removed gradually
10.According to paragraph 3, the new technology is more effective than a conventional heat pump because
______.
A. soil and groundwater temperatures fluctuate less than air temperatures
B. heat is brought into a home during the winter and expelled during the summer
C. ground temperature is close to groundwater temperature year-round
D. cold air absorbs less heat than warm air
11.The word “adverse” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. unsuccessful B. harmful C. auspicious D. advantageous
12.The passage implies that a rise in cost of conventional energy would have what effect?
 A. An expanded reliance on direct geothermal technology
B. A decrease in cost for geothermal heating and cooling
C. A shift toward the use of conventional energy sources
D. A decrease in the number of homes using geothermal heating
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each
of the questions from 43 to 50.
It can be shown in facts and figures that cycling is the cheapest, most convenient, and most
environmentally desirable term of transport in towns, but such cold calculations do not mean much on
a frosty winter morning. The real appeal of cycling is that it is so enjoyable. It has none of the difficulties
and tensions of other ways of traveling so you are more cheerful after a ride, even though the rush hour.
The first thing a non-cyclist says to you is: "But isn't it terribly dangerous?" It would be foolish to
deny the danger of sharing the road with motor vehicles and it must be admitted that there are an
alarming number of accidents involving cyclists. However, although police records indicate that the car
driver is often to blame, the answer lies with the cyclist. It is possible to ride in such a way as to reduce
risks to a minimum.
If you decide to join the thousands in Britain who are now returning to cycling as a cheap,
satisfying form of transport your first problem will be trying to decide what bike to buy. Here are three
simple rules for buying a bike:
1. Always buy the best you can afford. Of course there has to be a meeting point between what
you would really like and economic reality, but aim as high as you can and you will get the benefit not only
when you ride but also if you want to sell. Well-made bikes keep the value very well. And don't forget to
include in your calculations the fact that you'll begin saving money on
fares and petrol the minute you leave the shop.
2. Get the best frame, the main structure of the bicycle, for your money as you can. Cheap
brakes, wheels or gears can easily be replaced by more expensive ones, but the frame sets the upper
limit on any transformation. You should allow for the possibility our cycling ambitions will grow
with practice. When you begin, the four miles to work may the most you ever dream of, but after a few
months a Sunday ride into the country begins to look more and more desirable. The best thing is to buy
a bike just a little bit better than you think you'll need, and then grow into it. Otherwise, try to get a
model that can be improved.
3.The fit is vital. Handlebars and seat height can be adjusted but you must get the right sized
frame. On the whole it is best to get the largest size you can manage. Frame sizes are measured in
inches and the usual adult range is from 21 inches to 25 inches, though extreme sizes outside those
measurements can be found. Some people say if you take four inches off from your inside leg
measurement you will end up with the right size of bike. The basic principle though is that you should be
able to stand with legs either side of the crossbar (the bar that goes from the handlebars to the seat)
with both feet comfortably flat on the ground.
13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the advantages of cycling?
A. it's not costly
B. it's convenient and psychologically comfortable
C. it's good for environment
D. it's good for exercise
14. The phrase "coliel callziantions" inparagraph 2 canbest be replacedby ________.
A. unfriendly remarks B. poor judgments
C. unconvincing explanations D. cruel suggestions
15. As regards road safety, the author thinks that ____________.
A. people who say cycling is dangerous are foolish
B. driving is as dangerous as cycling
C. cyclists can often avoid accidents by riding with caution
D. cyclists are usually responsible for causing accidents
16. The phrase "to be a meeting point" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
_____________.
A. to reach a compromise B. to meet somewhere
C. to be in development D. to go and meet at a place
17. People who are buying their first bicycle are advised to __________.
A. buy a cheap model to begin with
 B. get a bicycle which suits their current needs
C. buy as big a bicycle as they can afford
D. spend as much money on a bicycle as they can
18. After you have been cycling for a few months the author suggests that you will _______.
A. want to ride only at weekends
B. want to ride further than you first imagined
C. find riding to work every day boring
D. find cycling in towns less dangerous
19. The word "transformation" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. roundabout B. amendment
C. change D. backlog
20. The author thinks that the main attraction of cycling is ____________.
A. the pleasure it gives people B. the benefits to people's health
C. its comparative safety D. its relative comfort
Read the text below and then decide which word on best fits each space. Put the letter you choose for
each question in the correct box on your answer sheet.
Our group (1)______silent at the base of a narrow steel ladder that rose vertically through the maze of
girders at the south-east end of Australia's Sydney Harbour Bridge. We needn't have worried about the first
part of the climb. Up to this (2) ______our guided tour had been little more than a stroll but now our task
was to face the ladder. It must have been at least fifty feet high. There were handrails and our safety belts
would be tethered to a cable to (3)______ a fall but the water couldn't have been less than 250 feet below
us and the (4) ______of climbing was daunting.
What lay at the top was stepping out on to the exposed upper arch of the bridge, with blue sky all round
and the water almost 262 feet below. We ought to have found this out before embarking on what now
seemed a singularly (5) ______mission!
My own (6) ______was extreme, but, on this sparkling morning, I saw no option but to climb to the
summit of one of the world's best-loved icons - a miracle of engineering recognized by people everywhere.
As I climbed the tension (7) ______out of me; I was driven by a/an (8)______feeling of conquest. At the
top, I dropped my (9) ______to the vast pool of the harbor below. It might just as well have been a mill
pond from this height. We stood on a small viewing deck in the warm sunshine, (10) ______with
excitement and arms raised as our guide took a celebratory photograph.
1. A. fell B. came C. rendered D. dropped
2. A. position B. period C. point D. place
3. A. hold B. halt C. reduce D. break
4. A. perspective B. proposal C. probability D. prospect
5. A. negligent B. reckless C. careless D. unthinking
6. A. acrophobia B. claustrophobia C. agoraphobia D. arachnophobia
7. A. exuded B. drained C. leaked D. came
8. A. commiserating B. scrambling C. exhilarating D. threatening
9. A. glare B. glimpse C. gaze D. glance
10. A. flushed B. burned C. drenched D. flamed
read the text below and think of word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word in each gap.

Far more people are suffering from asthma than have been previously documented. Pollution originating
from (1)___________fumes , factory emissions and even smoking are reportedly leading to deteriorating air
quality which in (2)____________is triggering asthma symptoms. With more and more cars on the roads, we
cannot deny being more (3)___________to ever greater levels of air pollution. As a consequence, human (4)
_____health is being negatively impacted, (5) ____________many of those living in residential areas close
to busy roads becoming more (6) _______________ to asthma. As more and more of us are taking to the
roads, the key focus perhaps should be the promotion of cleaner fuels and vehicles that produce lower
emissions .(7)_______________, the only way motorists will contemplate using either of them is if they are
considered to be an affordable and therefore viable option. Simultaneously, motorists should be discouraged
from making unnecessary journeys. If greater incentives were offered for car-sharing with colleagues or
using park-and-ride schemes, more people would be inclined to use these schemes. Although in (8)
____________fairness , it would not do any (9) ___________ for public transport systems to be re-
examined, as relying on them can be somewhat tough going and, in some parts of the country, the service
provided is simply (10) ____________ for people’s needs, which is why more people drive.

Write the correct form of each bracketed word. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Dickens and his world
It was with the circulation of Pickwick Papers in 1836 that young Dickens
began to enjoy a truly (0) unprecedented ascent into the favour of the British PRECEDENT,
reading public. He magnificently (1) ________ a theory that his fame would
disappear just as quickly as it had come. He remained until his death 34 years PROVE
later undeniably the most popular novelist the English-speaking world had
ever known.
The public displayed an insatiable appetite for his works, and there was also a
great diffusion of them through (2) ________ dramatic adaptations (nearly all
completely (3) ________, the copyright laws being much weaker in those NUMBER,
days). AUTHORITY
His immense popularity was based on the widespread perception of him as a
great champion of the poor and the (4) ________ against all forms of (5)
________ and abuse of power. In his personal life, however, he was incapable POSSESS,
of achieving the level of fulfilment he enjoyed with the public, and all his JUST
close emotional relationships with women (6) ________ended in failure. Yet,
he created an extraordinary range and variety of female characters who live VARY
on in our minds and culture unlike any others created by Victorian novelists.

Read the magazine article about leadership and indicate your answers on the separate answer sheet.
CAREER POWER
Get the leading edge - motivate yourself to take full control at work.
A. What makes a good leader? A leader is one who inspires, an agent of change, a developer who
shows the way forward. Leadership is not about breeding or height - taller being better, as the early
theorists believed. It's not simply about intelligence, either. Pat Dixon, author of the book Making
the Difference: Women and Men in the Workplace, says that leadership is about ‘making things
happen through people who are as enthusiastic and interested as you are’.
Enthusiasm is a key element and, to convey it and encourage it in others, a good leader should be
able to speak out articulately and with conviction. ‘It’s having the confidence to say "I believe"
instead of "I think”,’ maintains Dixon.
B. John van Maurik, director of a Leadership in Management course, says. ‘Most people have a far
greater potential for leadership than they realise. The process of becoming a leader is recognising
those latent talents, developing them and using them.’
In one sense, we are all born leaders - we just need the right circumstances in which to flourish.
While it’s quite easy to recognise leadership in the grand sense - be it in the form of figures like
Emmeline Pankhurst, Mahatma Chandi or even Richard Branson - it may be more difficult to relate
it to our own workplace. And yet this quality is now regarded as the cornerstone of effective
management.
C. Consider the best and worst boss you've ever had. They may have been equally good at setting
objectives, meeting deadlines and budgets. But what about how they achieved them? The best
leader will have motivated you, and may have driven you hard. But he would have also given you
support. The worst leader would have made you feel like a small cog in the corporate machine".'
and kept information from you and when things went wrong would have reacted as if it were your
fault. The first led (very well); the second simply managed (very badly).
D. Leaders and managers can be seen as different animals. Managers tend to enjoy working according
to set boundaries. Leaders create their own horizons. ‘A good manager can keep even an inefficient
company running relatively smoothly,’ writes Micheál Shea, the author of Leadership Rules. ‘But a
good leader can transform a demoralised organisation - whether it's a company, a football team or a
nation.’
E. Whether you’re the boss or a middle manager, you can benefit from improving your leadership
skills. There are definite lessons to be learnt:
  Leadership is something we do best when we choose to do it. So find out where your passions and
convictions lie. Next time you feel inspired to lead, harness the energy it gives you and act on it.
 Start thinking of yourself as a leader. Your ability to lead is a powerful part of you. Recognise it.
 Collaboration can be fine, but there will be times when firm leadership is required. Experiment with
your style. If you are a natural transactor, try being the negotiator. If you always ask for the views
of others, try taking the lead. Watch how the outcome is changed by this change in you.
 You have to set goals, then beat them. Look at the demands of your job and define those where
being a leader will greatly enhance your effectiveness and career prospects.
F. Leadership does not simply happen. It can only develop from actually taking the lead, from taking
risks and learning from mistakes. Learn how to delegate and motivate; organise and chastise; praise
and raise.
 Don’t assume that your way of leading will immediately win over colleagues. It may even alienate
them. Keep working on your communication skills. You don’t have to be liked - but your ideas and
accomplishments do.
 Be visible and accessible to those who are important. But bear in mind that it can lend mystique to
maintain a distance.
 You don't have to lead all the time. Be clear on where your contribution is vital and how you can
help others to develop as leaders.
For questions 1-15, answer by choosing from the sections of the article (A-F).

In which section of the article are the following mentioned?

deciding to let other people take charge 1.______
sounding as if you mean what you say 2.______
not feeling valued in your place of work 3.______
knowing when it is best not to consult others 4.______
having the same positive feelings as others 5.______
considering your professional future 6.______
wanting to work within certain limits 7.______
being unaware of your capabilities 8.______
being prepared to be unpopular 9.______
realising how leadership may apply to your situation 10.______
being unfairly blamed 11.______
being forced to make a big effort 12.______
being able to turn failure into success 13.______
achieving more than you set out to do 14.______
paying attention to other people’s opinions 15.______

Part 3: Read the following passage and answer questions 68- 80

A. The medical profession is currently under siege as never before with a spate of high profile
malpractice cases. This attack is taking place at a time when the National Health Service
undergoing a “culture change” brought about by a shift in the public’s attitudes to authority, in
general, and, more specifically, by the demystification of medicine. The perception that doctors are
a race apart is finally beginning to wane.
B. These forces have, fortunately, already led to a number of radical developments in the last five or
six years in the way doctors are being trained, with greater emphasis now being laid on a more
patient-oriented approach. Whilst, in the past, communicating effectively with patients was left
basically to chance, this is no longer the case. As part of their final assessment, doctors now have to
take a practical examination where their communication as well as clinical skills are carefully
scrutinised.
C. If you ask most people what makes a good doctor, they will not say someone with sound medical
knowledge. The first thing that will spring to mind is a good bedside manner; in other words, good
communication skills. But what does a good bedside manner, or communication skills, entail?
D. All too often people complain about the lack of sensitivity of the doctors they encounter whether
they be generalists or specialists. Some other frequently voiced criticisms are that doctors sound as
if they are delivering a lecture when talking to patients; pontificating from on high. Or that they
lack basic social skills; or indeed that they are bad listeners, concerned only with delivering their
 message rather than becoming involved with any kind of negotiation with the patient. So it would
be safe to say that the most important aspect of a good bedside manner is good interpersonal skills.
E. From the patients’ point of view, the interaction they have during their consultation with a doctor is
very personal and hence emotional, while for the doctor it is merely a logical and objective process.
And so, the chances of the doctor/patient communication breaking down are high if the doctor is
not sufficiently skilled in handling the patient’s emotional needs. A doctor must be able to deal with
the full range of a patient’s feelings showing sympathy and empathy especially when handling
difficult situations, like breaking bad news, etc.
F. Another aspect of the good bedside manner, which is more often than not overlooked, is having the
ability to talk to patients using lay language that they understand, while at the same time, avoiding
any hint of condescension, or being patronising. The inability to do this has a number of effects.
When doctors use medical jargon, patients feel that they are trying to hide something. Doctors can
also give the impression that they do not know what they are talking about, or even that they do not
know the solution to a problem,
G. It is also essential that the doctor at all times is able to maintain authority . For example, the doctors
need to deal with some patients’ belief that medicine is infallible, i.e. that the doctor has the
panacea for every woe! This is certainly no easy task, as most people ‘s expectations are raised by
the daily diet of wondrous developments in medicine.
H. The other side of the coin is that, as people’s awareness and knowledge have increased, albeit often
misinformed by the internet, etc., the stronger their doubts about the medical profession have
become. And coupled with the rise in general educational awareness, the public have consequently
a lower regard for doctors. This, in turn, has affected the doctor’s ability to communicate. They are
not able to hide behind the veneer that technical jargon created.
I. At last, the pendulum has swung in the patient’s direction. The onus is now upon doctors to adapt
themselves to the patient’s needs rather than the patient approaching some awesome god-like
figure. The veil has been lifted and the temple violated.

Reading Passage has 9 paragraphs (A-I). Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from
the List of headings below. Write the appropriate numbers (i-xv) in Boxes 68-75 on your answer
sheet.

One of the headings has been done for you as an example.

NB. There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them
Example: Paragraph A Answer: xv
1. Paragraph B
2. Paragraph C
3. Paragraph D
4. Paragraph E
5. Paragraph F
6. Paragraph G
7. Paragraph H
8. Paragraph I
Lists of headings
i. Still maintaining authority and patients’s raised expectations
ii. Medicine mystified
iii. What makes a good doctor?
iv. The burden now on doctors
v. Good personal skills
vi. Good interpersonal skills
vii. The essence of medical training
viii. Emotion and logic
ix. Avoiding medical jargon
x. Doctors - born or made?
xi. Doctors’ status lowered
xii. Changing attitudes effect changes in doctors’ training
xiii. The swinging pendulum
 xiv. Meeting patients
xv. A culture change in the National Health Service

Over the past 50 years, young people gain status and power but old people have lost. What is the
cause and is it a good development or bad development?

Write an essay of about 350 words to express your opinion. Give reasons and specific examples to support
your answer.