Electronic Switching

1)
In Electronic Switching Centre (ESC), the transmission rate of X.25 protocol is ____9.6 Kbps.
- Published on 18 Nov 15
a. Less than
b. Equal to
c. Greater than
d. None of the above
Answer Explanation Related Ques
ANSWER: Greater than
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
2) In cellular telephone network, which component controls the switching between public wireline telephone
network and
the base station of cells for supporting the different calls between landline to mobile, mobile to landline and
mobile to
mobile calls?
a. Electronic Switching Center (ESC)
b. A Cell Controller
c. Radio Transmitter & Receiver
d. A common communication protocol
ANSWER: Electronic Switching Center (ESC)
Explanation:
3) Which among the following represents the flawless hand-off with no perceivable interruption of service?
a. Hard hand-off
b. Soft hand-off
c. Intracell hand-off
d. Intercell hand-off
ANSWER: Soft hand-off
Explanation:
4) Which hand-off stage deals with the relinquishment of unnecessary frequency channels by keeping the
availability for other mobile users?
a. Initialization
b. Resource Reservation
c. Call Execution
d. Call Completion
ANSWER: Call Completion
Explanation:
5) If more number of cells are necessary in the frequency reuse distance, then the segmentation &
dualization
techniques get ________
a. united
b. divided
c. restricted
d. filtered
ANSWER: united
Explanation:
6) Which type of framing technique/s reduce/s the problem of synchronization of the receiver?
a. Character Count
b. Character Stuffing
c. Bit Stuffing
d. All of the above
ANSWER: Character Stuffing
Explanation:
7) In Protocol Data Units (PDUs), where do/does the data get/s interchanged?
a. Between peer entities
b. Between entities of neighboring layers
c. Between 'N' & 'N+1' layers
d. All of the above
ANSWER: Between peer entities
Explanation:
8) Consider the statements given below. Which among them represents the operational step executed in
datagram Packet Switched Network?
a. Fixed Path is assigned between nodes from source to destination
b. First Come First Serviced basis is applicable
c. Necessity of an identifier for a connection between source host & destination host
d. Transmission of short messages of one or two packet lengths
ANSWER: Transmission of short messages of one or two packet lengths
Explanation:
9) The transfer of user messages from node to another by means of store and forward switching network is
known as _______
a. jitter
b. scaling
c. hop
d. entity
ANSWER: hop
Explanation:
10) Which among the following can be adopted as a dedicated path between the source and destination in
circuit switching?
a. Physical Wire
b. Radio Link
c. Co-axial Cable
d. All of the above
ANSWER: All of the above
11) In network management, managing the rate at which the traffic enters a network is known as _____
a. Flow control
b. Routing control
c. Data control
d. All of the above
ANSWER: Flow control

Explanation:
12) If the desired connection has a low completion probability, which type of flow control technique is used
for eliminating the capture of common resources?
a. Trunk Directionalization
b. Cancellation of Alternate Routing
c. Code Blocking
d. Centralized Connection Control
ANSWER: Centralized Connection Control

Explanation:
13) In digital network synchronization, which approach indicates the cost burden carrying of highly accurate
and redundant timing sources by means of smaller switching nodes?
a. Packetization
b. Master Slave Clocking
c. Network Wide Pulse Stuffing
d. Plesiochronous Network
ANSWER: Plesiochronous Network

Explanation:
14) What is /are the purpose/s of pulse stuffing in an asynchronous multiplexing?

a. Removal of slips & the need for clock synchronization
b. Usability of output channel with higher rate than input
c. Creation of timing adjustments
d. All of the above

Explanation:
15) Phase jitter is generated by an additive noise on a __________sinusoidal wave.

a. continuous
b. sampled
c. discrete
d. distorted
ANSWER: continuous
Explanation:
16) Which among the following exhibit/s the necessity of trunks during the signaling mechanism?
a. Inchannel Signaling
b. Common Channel Signaling
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Inchannel Signaling

Explanation:
17) Which signals are regarded as call-progress signals as they are sent back to inform the caller about the
progress of the call?
a. Address Signals
b. Status Signals
c. Call request Signals
d. Answer Signals
ANSWER: Status Signals

Explanation:
18) By how many times does the time division exchange exhibit connection and disconnection with respect to
every millisecond, due to its ability of using rearrangeable networks?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 8
d. 16
ANSWER: 8
Explanation:
19) Which kind of switching system does not comprise any subscriber, concentrator or expander?
a. Crossbar
b. Director Exchange
c. Strowger
d. Tandem
ANSWER: Tandem
Explanation:
20) In two-stage network, which phenomenon/situation occurs due to impossible connectivity of given
incoming trunk to selected outgoing trunk specifically because of link utilization for other connection between
primary and secondary switches?
a. Bursting
b. Blinking
c. Blocking
d. Burning
ANSWER: Blocking
21) Which model of loss system allows the usage of Poisson distribution model for traffic analysis especially
by assuming infinite number of users?
a. Lost Calls Cleared (LCC)
b. Lost Calls Returned (LCR)
c. Lost Calls Held (LCH)
ANSWER: Lost Calls Cleared (LCC)

Explanation:
22) Which type of holding time distribution is assumed for the voice conversation on telephone?
a. Constant
b. Exponential
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Exponential
Explanation:
23) If the queuing systems are connected in tandem configuration, what would be the nature of delay?
a. Commutative
b. Distributive
c. Cumulative
d. Deductive
ANSWER: Cumulative
Explanation:
24) In analyzing the traffic performance, how is the number of trunk decided with the provision of the Grade
of Service (GoS) especially for larger group?
a. By normal load condition
b. By overload condition
c. By underload condition
ANSWER: By overload condition

Explanation:
25) If a group of trunk is offered 1200 calls during the busy hour & 20 calls are lost along with the average call
duration of about 7 min, then what would be the total duration of congestion period?
a. 21.6 sec
b. 42.2 sec
c. 57.6 sec
d. 98.2 sec
ANSWER: 57.6 sec

Explanation:
26) In manual switching, which kind of battery exchange has the provision of subscribers set along with
magneto generator?
a. Local battery exchange
b. Central battery exchange
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Local battery exchange

Explanation:
27) In packet switching, what does the header of each short size of packet consist of?
a. Source address
b. Destination address
c. Intermediate nodes
d. All of the above

Explanation:
28) Which type of switching network involves the establishment of a dedicated path between two stations?
a. Message Switching
b. Packet Switching
c. Circuit Switching
d. Manual Switching
ANSWER: Circuit Switching

Explanation:
29) In message switching system, an incoming message gets ____ especially if the required route is busy.
a. lost
b. stored in a queue & retransmitted
c. sampled
d. recovered
ANSWER: stored in a queue & retransmitted

Explanation:
30) Which type of connection takes place between an incoming trunk and an outgoing trunk?
a. Local call
b. Outgoing call
c. Incoming call
d. Transit call
ANSWER: Transit call

31) Which method of cellular network assists in minimizing the co-channel interference associated with the
angle of degree?
a. Cell Splitting
b. Cell Sectoring
c. Cell Segmentation & Dualization
ANSWER: Cell Sectoring

Explanation:
32) Which effect is widespread in adjacent-channel interference especially after the reception of a weak
signal by a mobile user from the base-station?
a. Near-far effect
b. Doppler's effect
c. Capture effect
d. Kendall effect
ANSWER: Near-far effect

Explanation:
33) In a cellular telephone system, which type of interference results from imperfect design of filters in
receivers by allowing nearby frequencies to enter the receiver?
a. Co-channel Interference
b. Adjacent-channel Interference
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Adjacent-channel Interference

Explanation:
34) Which antennas are used at the center of the cells for the system with hexagonal-shaped cells?
a. Omni-directional antennas
b. Sectored directional antennas
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Omni-directional antennas

Explanation:
35) If the system is designed with the usage of hexagonal-shaped cells, how are the base-stations located?
a. At the centre of cell
b. At the edge of cell
c. At the corner of the cell
d. All of the above

Explanation:
36) Which among the following utilizes the transmission line upto 85 - 95 %?

a. Voice Traffic
b. Data Traffic
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Voice Traffic

Explanation:
37) In Phase Shift Keying, how many bit/s is/are allowed to be transmitted per shift?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 8
ANSWER: 2
Explanation:
38) If the voice channel is free in PSTN, then what would be the maximum data rate supported by 3.1 kHz
bandwidth of voice channel?
a. 2000 bps
b. 4000 bps
c. 6000 bps
d. 8000 bps
ANSWER: 6000 bps

Explanation:
39) Which among the following is/are supported by LAN?

a. PABX
b. PSTN
c. SBDN
d. All of the above
ANSWER: PABX
Explanation:
40) Which type of data network supports the interconnection of computers within highly populated area?
a. LAN
b. WAN
c. MAN
ANSWER: MAN
41) Which theorem in random jitter specifies the composite effect of various uncorrelated noise sources
despite the distribution approaches to Gaussian distribution?
a. Initial Value Theorem
b. Final Value Theorem
c. Central Limit Theorem
ANSWER: Central Limit Theorem

Explanation:
42) If the voltage controlled by VCO exhibits variation at faster and rapid rate, then the instability of clock is
known as _______
a. Clock wander
b. Clock jitter
c. Clock frequency
d. Clock period
ANSWER: Clock jitter
Explanation:
43) What is an acceptable value of dividing point between the wander and jitter?
a. 10 Hz
b. 20 Hz
c. 50 Hz
d. 200 Hz
ANSWER: 10 Hz
Explanation:
44) After the application of line frequency in Phase Locked Loop (PLL), at which stage do/ does the VCO
frequency start to exhibit variation?
a. Free running
b. Capture
c. Phase Lock
d. All of the above
ANSWER: Capture
Explanation:
45) Which among the following controls the dynamic characteristics of Phase Locked Loop (PLL)?
a. Low Pass Filter
b. High Pass Filter
c. Band Pass Filter
d. Band Stop Filter
ANSWER: Low Pass Filter

Explanation:
46) For the two-group grading consisting of 14 trunks, availability = 5, Ak = 1.4E and the required grade of
service of about 0.01, what would be its traffic capacity?
a. 4.98 E
b. 6.72 E
c. 8.3 E
d. 10 E
ANSWER: 4.98 E
Explanation:
47) Which form/s of grading design has/have the tendency to share every trunk between equal number of
groups?
a. Homogeneous Grading
b. Heterogeneous Grading
c. Skipped Grading
d. All of the above
ANSWER: Homogeneous Grading

Explanation:
48) In graded groups, switches with inaccessibility to the outgoing route gets ____ into the number of
separate groups.
a. added
b. subtracted
c. multiplied
d. divided
ANSWER: multiplied
Explanation:
49) Which shape of switches are not adopted normally due to non-usability of both way trunks?
a. Circular
b. Triangular
c. Hexagonal
d. Square
ANSWER: Triangular
Explanation:
50) Which among the following provides TRG access to outgoing junctions through the two stage network?
a. Expander
b. Distributor
c. Concentrator
d. Router
ANSWER: Router
51) By which name/s is the Grade of Service (GOS) well-known?
a. Call congestion
b. Time congestion
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Call congestion

Explanation:
52) Percentage of occupancy can be defined as the percentage of _____ for which the server seems to be
busy.
a. speed
b. distance
c. time
d. volume
ANSWER: time
Explanation:
53) How is the relation between Erlang and CCS specified?

a. 1 Erlang = 36 CCS
b. 1 Erlang = 56 CCS
c. 1 Erlang = 76 CCS
d. 1 Erlang = 96 CCS
ANSWER: 1 Erlang = 36 CCS

Explanation:
54) If a telephone exchange serves 1500 users with the average BHCA of about 9000 and CCR is about 50%,
what would be the busy hour calling rate?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4.5
d. 5
ANSWER: 3
Explanation:
55) The ratio of number of successful calls to the number of call attempts is known as ______
a. Call Completion Rate (CCR)
b. Call Block Rate (CBR)
c. Busy Hour Call Rate (BHCR)
ANSWER: Call Completion Rate (CCR)

Explanation:
56) In folded type of network, ____

a. input lines are folded back to output lines
b. output lines are folded back to input lines
c. input lines are folded back to themselves (input lines)
d. output lines are folded back to themselves (output lines)
ANSWER: output lines are folded back to input lines

Explanation:
57) What is the hardware, used to establish connection as an electrical path between inlet and outlet pair in
switching system, known as?
a. Switching Matrix
b. Switching Network
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Both a and b

Explanation:
58) Which kind of switching technique indicates the transfer of coded values from input to output during the
same interval of time?
a. Space Switching
b. Time Switching
c. Combination Switching
ANSWER: Space Switching

Explanation:
59) Which among the following is/are adopted by cross bar systems with hard wired control subsystem?
a. Relays
b. Latches
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: Both a and b

Explanation:
60) If 'n' number of users are present in a network with point-to-point links, then how many links will be
required in the network?
a. n (n – 1)
b. n (n – 1) / 2
c. n (n – 1) / 4
d. n (n – 1) / 8
ANSWER: n (n – 1) / 2
FIRST UNIT:
1. Circuit switching is _______ oriented switching technique, whereas in the case of packet switching, it is
________.
(A) Connectionless, connection
(B) Connection, connectionless
(C) Connectionless, connectionless
(D) Connection, connection
Answer
Correct option is B
2. A local telephone network comes in, which of the following network?

(A) Bit switched
(B) Packet switched
(C) Circuit switched
(D) None of these
Answer
Correct option is C
3. Circuit switching is implemented in the _______ layer, whereas packet switching is implemented in the
_______ layer.
(A) Network, Network
(B) Network, Physical
(C) Physical, Network
(D) Physical, Physical
Answer
Correct option is C
4. ______ switching is used in the Internet.

(A) Circuit
(B) Packet
(C) None of these
Answer
Correct option is B
5. The required resources for communication between end systems are reserved for the duration of the
session between end systems in which of thr following method?
(A) Packet switching
(B) Circuit switching
(C) Frequency switching
(D) None of these
Answer
Correct option is B
6. Which of the following methods to move data through a network of links and switches?
(A) Packet switching and Line switching
(B) Frequency switching and Circuit switching
(C) Packet switching and Circuit switching
(D) None of these
Answer
Correct option is C
7. Which of the following switching has been phase out in general communication?
(A) Packet
(B) Message
(C) Both
(D) None of the above
Answer
Correct option is B
8. Store and forward are terms used in which of the following switching?
(A) Packet
(B) Circuit
(C) Message
(D) All of the above
Answer
Correct option is C
9. Method of switching:-
(A) Circuit switching, packet switching, line switching
(B) Circuit switching, packet switching, message switching
(C) Node switching, packet switching, message switching
(D) Circuit switching, loop switching, message switching
Answer
Correct option is B
10. A circuit switched network is made of switches connected by physical link, in which each link is divided
into ___ channels
(A) n
(B) n + 1
(C) 2n
(D) 2n + 1
Answer
Correct option is A
11. A switched network consists of a series interlinked nodes known as ______.

(A) Switches
(B) Endpoints
(C) Links
(D) Packets
Answer
Correct option is A
12. A crossbar switch is which of the folllowing type of switch?

(A) Virtual-space
(B) Space-division
(C) Time-division
(D) Time-space
Answer
Correct option is B
13. A crossbar switch has x input and y output, then how much crosspoints require?
(A) x - y
(B) x + y
(C) xy
(D) 2(x + y)
Answer
Correct option is C
14. A crossbar switch has 100 input and 200 output, then how much crosspoints require?
(A) 300
(B) 20000
(C) 100
(D) 600
Answer
Correct option is B
15. A single crossbar switch usually has ______ crosspoints than a corresponding multistage switch.
(A) Less
(B) More
(C) Can not say
Answer
Correct option is B
16. For two stage network the switching elements for M'' inlets with 'r' blocks and 'N' outlets with 's' blocks
is given by ________.
(A) Ms - Nr
(B) Ms + Nr
(C) Ms × Nr
(D) 2(Ms + Nr)
Answer
Correct option is B
17. By Nyquist criterion the sampling rate is _____.

(A) 2fs
(B) 1/(2fs)
(C) 1 + 2fs
(D) 1 - 2fs
Answer
Correct option is A
18. The number of point to point links required in a fully connected network for 50 entities is ____
(A) 500
(B) 2500
(C) 125000
(D) None of these
Answer
Correct option is B
19. _____ transmission mode is used for data communication along telephone lines.
(A) Synchronous
(B) Serial
(C) Asynchronous
(D) Parallel
Answer
Correct option is B
SECOND UNIT:
1. In Electronic Switching Centre (ESC), the transmission rate of X.25 protocol is ____9.6 Kbps.
(A) Equal to
(B) Greater than
(C) Less than
Answer
Correct option is B
2. A crossbar switch is
(A) Time space switch
(B) Virtual space switch
(C) Space division switch
(D) None of these
Answer
Correct option is C
3. Crosspoints requires by a crossbar switch with x inputs and y outputs requires

(A) xy
(B) x^2
(C) y^2
(D) x/y
Answer
Correct option is A
4. In which switch, blocking is not a problem

(A) Single stage
(B) Two stage
(C) Three stage
Answer
Correct option is A
5. When there is no path available between input and output then _________ occurs.
(A) Multiplexing
(B) Conditioning
(C) Blocking
(D) Switching
Answer
Correct option is C
6. The time slot interchange uses ________ multiplexing to achieve switching.

(A) Switch division
(B) Time division
(C) Frequency division
Answer
Correct option is B
7. The ________ of a TSI holds the incoming input data.

(A) RAM
(B) ROM
(C) Bus
Answer
Correct option is A
8. Processing delay is the disadvantage of

(A) Time division
(B) Space division
(C) Asynchronous division
(D) Both A and B
Answer
Correct option is A
9. The advantage of space division switching is that it

(A) Needs no flow control
(B) Is instantaneous
(C) Is error free
Answer
Correct option is B
10. A crossbar switch with 100 inputs and _________ outputs requires 20000 crosspoints.
(A) 100
(B) 200
(C) 1000
Answer
Correct option is B
11. Full form of DCS is

(A) Digital connected system
(B) Digital cross system
(C) Digital cross-connect system
Answer
Correct option is C
12. The Integrating type converters are used in
(A) Digital meter
(B) Panel meter
(C) Monitoring system
Answer
Correct option is D
13. A ______ switch usually has a higher efficiency than a _______ switch.
(A) Single stage, Multi stage
(B) Crossbar, Dual
(C) Multi stage, Single crossbar
Answer
Correct option is C
14.In multistage switch, there is usually ________ path between x and y is

(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) Multiple
Answer
Correct option is C
15. Which kind of switching technique indicates the transfer of coded values from input to output during the
(A) Space switching
(B) Time switching
(C) Combination switching
Answer
Correct option is A
THIRD UNIT:
1. Traffic Capacity is calculated as

(A) Switching capacity / Theoretical maximum load
(B) Theoretical maximum load / switching capacity
(C) Theoretical maximum load × switching capacity
(D) Switching capacity × Theoretical maximum load
Answer
Correct option is D
2. Busy hour traffic is the _________.
(A) the duration of maximum calls
(B) maximum average simultaneous traffic
(C) traffic when all subscribers are engaged
(D) traffic during peak hour
Answer
Correct option is D
3. Telex is a __________.
(A) Telegraph Service between various subscribers
(B) Telephone Service between various subscribers
(C) Tele printer Service between various subscribers
(D) Television Service between various subscribers
Answer
Correct option is C
4. Telephone Traffic is measured in ______.

(A) Seconds
(B) Erlang
(C) Hours
(D) Pulses per minute
Answer
Correct option is B
5. Erlang is used to _______.

(A) measure average call rate
(B) indicate total call period
(C) give total busy period in minutes
(D) measure busy period
Answer
Correct option is D
6. Traffic Handling Capacity is calculated as

(A) Theoretical maximum load / Switching capacity
(B) Switching capacity × Theoretical maximum load
(C) Switching capacity / Theoretical maximum load
(D) Theoretical maximum load + Switching capacity
Answer
Correct option is C
7. Traffic Intensity can be measured in ______.

(A) CCS
(B) Erlangs
(C) CM
Answer
Correct option is D
8. Full form of CCR.

(A) Call Connected Rate
(B) Call Completion Rule
(C) Call Completion Rate
(D) Call Completion Rise
Answer
Correct option is C
9. CCR is defined as _____.

(A) the addition of the number of successful calls to the number of call attempts
(B) the ratio of the number of call attempts to the number of successful calls
(C) the ratio of the number of successful calls to the number of call attempts
(D) the difference of the number of successful calls to the number of call attempts
Answer
Correct option is C
10. Full form of BHCA.

(A) Busy Hour Call Auto
(B) Busy Hour Call Attempts
(C) Busy Hour Connected Attempts
(D) Busy Hand Call Attempts
Answer
Correct option is B
11. An exchange serves 2000 subscribers. If the average BHCA is 10,000 and the CCR is 40%, calculate the
busy hour calling rate.
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
Answer
Correct option is B
12. In a group of 10 servers, each is occupied for 30 minutes in an observation interval of two hours.
Calculate the traffic carried by the group.
(A) 1.5 E
(B) 2.5 E
(C) 3.5 E
(D) 4.5 E
Answer
Click for answer
13. CCS stands for
(A) Centum Call Secure
(B) Connected Call Second
(C) Center Call Second
(D) Centum Call Second
Answer
Correct option is D
14. A group of 20 servers carry a traffic of 10 erlangs. If the average duration of a call is three minutes,
calculate the number of calls put through by a single server and the group as a whole in a one-hour period.
(A) 150
(B) 100
(C) 300
(D) 200
Answer
Correct option is D
15. 1 E = ____ CCS

(A) 360
(B) 3600
(C) 3
(D) 36
Answer
Correct option is D
16. 1 E = ____ CS
(A) 360
(B) 3600
(C) 3
(D) 36
Answer
Correct option is B
17. 1 E = ____ CM
(A) 360
(B) 3600
(C) 3
(D) 60
Answer
Correct option is D
18. The traffic models used for studying loss systems are known as ________.
(A) blocking models
(B) congestion models
(C) both
(D) none of the above
Answer
Correct option is D
19. The traffic models used for studying delay systems are called ________.
(A) blocking models
(B) congestion models
(C) queuing models
Answer
Correct option is C
20. Grade of service (GOS) is defined as__________.

(A) the ratio of offered traffic to lost traffic
(B) the ratio of lost traffic to offered traffic
(C) the addition of lost traffic to offered traffic
(D) the difference of lost traffic to offered traffic
Answer
Correct option is B
21. GOS is called _________.

(A) Call congestion
(B) Time congestion
(C) Lost probability
(D) Both (A) and (C)
Answer
Correct option is D
22. The blocking probability is called ________.

(A) Call congestion
(B) Time congestion
(C) Lost probability
(D) Both (A) and (C)
Answer
Correct option is B
23. A ___________ is one in which one or more quantities vary with time in such a way that the
instantaneous values of the quantities are not determinable precisely but are predictable with certain
probability.
(A) Stochastic process
(B) Random process
(C) Both
Answer
Correct option is C
FOURTH UNIT:
1. Earlier electronic switching system was based on the _________ system in which temporary memory was
used for storing different information.
(A) stores process control (SPC)
(B) stores program control (SPC)
(C) supply program control (SPC)
Answer
Correct option is B
2. Full form of SPC.

(A) Stores Process Control
(B) Stores Program Control
(C) Supply Program Control
Answer
Correct option is B
3. Functions of call processing system are

(A) Call identification
(B) Call status
(C) Call routing
Answer
Correct option is D
4. Generally call processing takes place _______ of switching network.

(A) dependent
(B) independent
(C) can not say
(D) None of these
Answer
Correct option is B
5. __________ is mostly used for controlling in the digital switching system to reduce the cost of call
processing.
(A) Temporary memory
(B) Microprocessor
(C) Stored program control
Answer
Correct option is B
6. In case of common control system the exchange depend on a _______ number of equipments.
(A) small
(B) large
(C) may be small or large
Answer
Correct option is A
7. Full form of MTBF.

(A) Mode Time Between Failures
(B) Mean Time Between Failures
(C) Mean Target Between Failures
(D) Median Time Between Failures
Answer
Correct option is B
8. The availability is defined as:

(A) A = (MTBF)/(MTBF + MTTR)
(B) A = (MTBF)/(MTBF - MTTR)
(C) A = (MTBF)/(2 × MTTR)
Answer
Correct option is A
9. Category of signaling message that indicates a request of service, such as going off-hook or ringing in the
destination telephone is called as ______.
(A) Signaling
(B) Supervising
(C) Dial tone
(D) Alerting
Answer
Correct option is D
10. Basic functional elements of an SPC switching system:

(A) Call store (memory)
(B) Program store (memory)
(C) Switching matrix
Answer
Correct option is D
11. The earlier switching matrices consisted of electromechanical cross-points, such as a __________.
(A) crossbar matrix
(B) reed
(C) correed
Answer
Correct option is D
12. The design of signaling systems is directly influenced by

(A) switching requirements
(B) transmission requirements
(C) both
Answer
Correct option is C
13. Exchanges send signal over the same circuits in the network as the connections which they control. This
is called as _________.
(A) compelled signalling
(B) channel-associated signalling
(C) both
Answer
Correct option is B
14. When continuous signalling is used, a signal is sent until the acknowledgment is received and the signal
persists until the original signal has been removed. This is known as ______.
(A) compelled signalling
(B) channel-associated signalling
(C) both
Answer
Correct option is A
15. If pulse signalling is used, a signal may be repeated until it is _________.

(A) unacknowledged
(B) acknowledged
(C) can not say
(D) both (A) and (B)
Answer
Click for answer
16. Signals generated by the central processor in one exchange and sent to the processor over a separate
data channel is called as ________.
(A) channel-associated signalling.
(B) common channel signalling
(C) compelled signalling
Answer
Correct option is B
17. Full form of FDM.

(A) Frequency Diode Multiplexing
(B) Frequency Division Multiline
(C) Frequency Division Multisystem
(D) Frequency Division Multiplexing
Answer
Correct option is D
18. In FDM systems the carriers are spaced at intervals of ________.

(A) 4KHz
(B) 400KHz
(C) 1KHz
(D) 100KHz
Answer
Correct option is A
19. FDM is an analog multiplexing technique used to combines ______ signals.

(A) analog
(B) digital
(C) both
Answer
Correct option is A
20. The 8 bits of channel 16 are shared between the 30 channels by a process of _________.
(A) framing
(B) mutlisystem
(C) mutliprocess
(D) mutliframing
Answer
Correct option is D
21. By which of the followings mode by which the CCS implementation is done
(A) Channel associated mode
(B) Channel non-associated mode
(C) Quasi associated mode
Answer
Correct option is D
22. Which of the following is/are correct for features of SS7:-

(A) Performance is high
(B) High reliability for message transfer
(C) The mechanism of transmission is application independent
Answer
Correct option is D
23. Full form of CCITT.
(A) Consultative Committee for International Telephony and Telegraphy
(B) Connected Committee for International Telephony and Telegraphy
(C) Consultative Code for International Telephony and Telegraphy
(D) Consultative Committee for Internal Telephony and Telegraphy
Answer
Correct option is A
FIFTH UNIT:
1. Packet-switched networks can be divided into
(A) virtual-circuit networks
(B) datagram networks
(C) both
Answer
Correct option is C
2. A transmission path may have _______ path/paths.

(A) One
(B) Several
(C) Zero
Answer
Correct option is B
3. Which of the following is/are used to identify virtual connection?

(A) TPI and a VCI
(B) TPI and a VPI
(C) VCI and a VPI
Answer
Correct option is C
4. Which of the following is the simplest ATM switch

(A) banyan
(B) crossbar
(C) knockout
(D) None of these
Answer
Correct option is B
5. A banyan switch with 36 inputs and 36 outputs has _____ microswitches at each stage.
(A) 4
(B) 9
(C) 18
Answer
Correct option is C
6. A banyan switch with 32 inputs and 32 outputs has _____ stages.
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 18
Answer
Correct option is B
7. Which of the following is/are correct for ATM

(A) It has moved software functions to hardware
(B) It is connection oriented
(C) It can interface with existings systems
Answer
Correct option is D
8. The ______ layer adds a 5-byte header to a 48-byte segment.

(A) ATM
(B) Physical
(C) AAL
Answer
Correct option is A
9. An ATM cell consists of ______ bytes.

(A) 32
(B) 8
(C) 100
(D) 53
Answer
Correct option is D
10. ATM stands for

(A) Asynchronous Transmission Mode
(B) Asynchronous Transfer Mode
(C) Asynchronous Transfer Method
Answer
Correct option is B
11. The ATM cell consists of a _____ byte header and a _____ byte information field, sometimes referred to
as payload.
(A) 5, 48
(B) 1, 12
(C) 2, 16
(D) 4, 32
Answer
Correct option is A
12. If route from router I to router J is computed on line based on the current statistics, then it is known as
________.
(A) Session routing
(B) Static routing
(C) Dynamic routing
Answer
Correct option is C
13. A _______ routing table is updated periodically using one of the dynamic routing protocols.
(A) Hierarchical
(B) Static
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) Dynamic
Answer
Correct option is D
14. A technique that allocates time slots dynamically is _________.

(A) Statistical TDM
(B) Dynamic TDM
(C) Both
Answer
Correct option is A
15. X.25 is a ____ protocol.
(A) LAN
(B) WAN
(C) MAN
Answer
Correct option is B
16. X.25 has ____ layers.

(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
Answer
Correct option is C
17. X.25 protocol uses

(A) The physical layer of Ethernet
(B) The physical layer of Token ring
(C) It's own physical layer
Answer
Correct option is C
1) If ‘n’ number of users are present in a network with point-to-point links, then how many links will be
required in the network?
a. n (n – 1)
b. n (n – 1) / 2
c. n (n – 1) / 4
d. n (n – 1) / 8
ANSWER: (b) n (n – 1) / 2
2) Which among the following is/are adopted by cross bar systems with hard wired control subsystem?
a. Relays
b. Latches
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (c) Both a and b
3) Which kind of switching technique indicates the transfer of coded values from input to output during the
a. Space Switching
b. Time Switching
c. Combination Switching
ANSWER: (a) Space Switching
4) What is the hardware, used to establish connection as an electrical path between inlet and outlet pair in
switching system, known as?
a. Switching Matrix
b. Switching Network
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (c) Both a and b
5) In folded type of network, ____
a. input lines are folded back to output lines

b. output lines are folded back to input lines
c. input lines are folded back to themselves (input lines)
d. output lines are folded back to themselves (output lines)
ANSWER: (b) output lines are folded back to input lines
6) The ratio of number of successful calls to the number of call attempts is known as ______
a. Call Completion Rate (CCR)

b. Call Block Rate (CBR)
c. Busy Hour Call Rate (BHCR)
ANSWER: (a) Call Completion Rate (CCR)
7) If a telephone exchange serves 1500 users with the average BHCA of about 9000 and CCR is about 50%,
what would be the busy hour calling rate?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4.5
d. 5
ANSWER: (b) 3
8) How is the relation between Erlang and CCS specified?
a. 1 Erlang = 36 CCS
b. 1 Erlang = 56 CCS
c. 1 Erlang = 76 CCS
d. 1 Erlang = 96 CCS
ANSWER: (a) 1 Erlang = 36 CCS
9) Percentage of occupancy can be defined as the percentage of _____ for which the server seems to be
busy.
a. speed
b. distance
c. time
d. volume
ANSWER: (c) time
10) By which name/s is the Grade of Service (GOS) well-known?
a. Call congestion
b. Time congestion
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (a) Call congestion
11) Which among the following provides TRG access to outgoing junctions through the two stage network?
a. Expander
b. Distributor
c. Concentrator
d. Router
ANSWER: (d) Router
12) Which shape of switches are not adopted normally due to non-usability of both way trunks?
a. Circular
b. Triangular
c. Hexagonal
d. Square
ANSWER: (b) Triangular
13) In graded groups, switches with inaccessibility to the outgoing route gets ____ into the number of
separate groups.
a. added
b. subtracted
c. multiplied
d. divided
ANSWER: (c) multiplied
14) Which form/s of grading design has/have the tendency to share every trunk between equal number of
groups?
a. Homogeneous Grading
b. Heterogeneous Grading
c. Skipped Grading
d. All of the above
ANSWER: (a) Homogeneous Grading
15) For the two-group grading consisting of 14 trunks, availability = 5, Ak = 1.4E and the required grade of
service of about 0.01, what would be its traffic capacity?
a. 4.98 E
b. 6.72 E
c. 8.3 E
d. 10 E
ANSWER: (a) 4.98 E
16) Which among the following controls the dynamic characteristics of Phase Locked Loop (PLL)?
a. Low Pass Filter

b. High Pass Filter
c. Band Pass Filter
d. Band Stop Filter
ANSWER: (a) Low Pass Filter
17) After the application of line frequency in Phase Locked Loop (PLL), at which stage do/ does the VCO
frequency start to exhibit variation?
a. Free running
b. Capture
c. Phase Lock
d. All of the above
ANSWER: (b) Capture
18) What is an acceptable value of dividing point between the wander and jitter?
a. 10 Hz
b. 20 Hz
c. 50 Hz
d. 200 Hz
ANSWER:(a) 10 Hz
19) If the voltage controlled by VCO exhibits variation at faster and rapid rate, then the instability of clock
is known as _______
a. Clock wander
b. Clock jitter
c. Clock frequency
d. Clock period
ANSWER: (b) Clock jitter
20) Which theorem in random jitter specifies the composite effect of various uncorrelated noise sources
despite the distribution approaches to Gaussian distribution?
a. Initial Value Theorem

b. Final Value Theorem
c. Central Limit Theorem
ANSWER: (c) Central Limit Theorem
21) Which type of data network supports the interconnection of computers within highly populated area?
a. LAN
b. WAN
c. MAN
ANSWER: (c) MAN
22) Which among the following is/are supported by LAN?
a. PABX
b. PSTN
c. SBDN
d. All of the above
ANSWER: (a) PABX
23) If the voice channel is free in PSTN, then what would be the maximum data rate supported by 3.1 kHz
bandwidth of voice channel?
a. 2000 bps
b. 4000 bps
c. 6000 bps
d. 8000 bps
ANSWER: (c) 6000 bps
24) In Phase Shift Keying, how many bit/s is/are allowed to be transmitted per shift?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 8
ANSWER: (b) 2
25) Which among the following utilizes the transmission line upto 85 – 95 %?
a. Voice Traffic
b. Data Traffic
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (a) Voice Traffic
26) If the system is designed with the usage of hexagonal-shaped cells, how are the base-stations located?
a. At the centre of cell

b. At the edge of cell
c. At the corner of the cell
d. All of the above
ANSWER: (d) All of the above
27) Which antennas are used at the center of the cells for the system with hexagonal-shaped cells?
a. Omni-directional antennas
b. Sectored directional antennas
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (a) Omni-directional antennas
28) In a cellular telephone system, which type of interference results from imperfect design of filters in
receivers by allowing nearby frequencies to enter the receiver?
a. Co-channel Interference
b. Adjacent-channel Interference
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (b) Adjacent-channel Interference
29) Which effect is widespread in adjacent-channel interference especially after the reception of a weak
signal by a mobile user from the base-station?
a. Near-far effect
b. Doppler’s effect
c. Capture effect
d. Kendall effect
ANSWER: (a) Near-far effect
30) Which method of cellular network assists in minimizing the co-channel interference associated with the
angle of degree?
a. Cell Splitting
b. Cell Sectoring
c. Cell Segmentation & Dualization
ANSWER: (b) Cell Sectoring
31) Which type of connection takes place between an incoming trunk and an outgoing trunk?
a. Local call
b. Outgoing call
c. Incoming call
d. Transit call
ANSWER: (d) Transit call
32) In message switching system, an incoming message gets ____ especially if the required route is busy.
a. lost
b. stored in a queue & retransmitted
c. sampled
d. recovered
ANSWER: (b) stored in a queue & retransmitted
33) Which type of switching network involves the establishment of a dedicated path between two
stations?
a. Message Switching
b. Packet Switching
c. Circuit Switching
d. Manual Switching
ANSWER: (c) Circuit Switching
34) In packet switching, what does the header of each short size of packet consist of?
a. Source address
b. Destination address
c. Intermediate nodes
d. All of the above
35) In manual switching, which kind of battery exchange has the provision of subscribers set along with
magneto generator?
a. Local battery exchange

b. Central battery exchange
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (a) Local battery exchange
36) If a group of trunk is offered 1200 calls during the busy hour & 20 calls are lost along with the average
call duration of about 7 min, then what would be the total duration of congestion period?
a. 21.6 sec
b. 42.2 sec
c. 57.6 sec
d. 98.2 sec
ANSWER: (c) 57.6 sec
37) In analyzing the traffic performance, how is the number of trunk decided with the provision of the
Grade of Service (GoS) especially for larger group?
a. By normal load condition
b. By overload condition
c. By underload condition
ANSWER: (b) By overload condition
38) If the queuing systems are connected in tandem configuration, what would be the nature of delay?
a. Commutative
b. Distributive
c. Cumulative
d. Deductive
ANSWER: (c) Cumulative
39) Which type of holding time distribution is assumed for the voice conversation on telephone?
a. Constant
b. Exponential
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (b) Exponential
40) Which model of loss system allows the usage of Poisson distribution model for traffic analysis especially
by assuming infinite number of users?
a. Lost Calls Cleared (LCC)

b. Lost Calls Returned (LCR)
c. Lost Calls Held (LCH)
ANSWER: (a) Lost Calls Cleared (LCC)
41) In two-stage network, which phenomenon/situation occurs due to impossible connectivity of given
incoming trunk to selected outgoing trunk specifically because of link utilization for other connection
between primary and secondary switches?
a. Bursting
b. Blinking
c. Blocking
d. Burning
ANSWER: (c) Blocking
42) Which kind of switching system does not comprise any subscriber, concentrator or expander?
a. Crossbar
b. Director Exchange
c. Strowger
d. Tandem
ANSWER: (d) Tandem
43) By how many times does the time division exchange exhibit connection and disconnection with respect
to every millisecond, due to its ability of using rearrangeable networks?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 8
d. 16
ANSWER: (c) 8
44) Which signals are regarded as call-progress signals as they are sent back to inform the caller about the
progress of the call?
a. Address Signals
b. Status Signals
c. Call request Signals
d. Answer Signals
ANSWER: (b) Status Signals
45) Which among the following exhibit/s the necessity of trunks during the signaling mechanism?
a. Inchannel Signaling
b. Common Channel Signaling
c. Both a and b
ANSWER: (a) Inchannel Signaling
46) Phase jitter is generated by an additive noise on a __________sinusoidal wave.
a. continuous
b. sampled
c. discrete
d. distorted
ANSWER: (a) continuous
47) What is /are the purpose/s of pulse stuffing in an asynchronous multiplexing?
a. Removal of slips & the need for clock synchronization

b. Usability of output channel with higher rate than input
c. Creation of timing adjustments
d. All of the above
48) In digital network synchronization, which approach indicates the cost burden carrying of highly
accurate and redundant timing sources by means of smaller switching nodes?
a. Packetization
b. Master Slave Clocking
c. Network Wide Pulse Stuffing
d. Plesiochronous Network
ANSWER: (d) Plesiochronous Network
49) If the desired connection has a low completion probability, which type of flow control technique is used
for eliminating the capture of common resources?
a. Trunk Directionalization
b. Cancellation of Alternate Routing
c. Code Blocking
d. Centralized Connection Control
ANSWER: (d) Centralized Connection Control
50) In network management, managing the rate at which the traffic enters a network is known as _____
a. Flow control
b. Routing control
c. Data control
d. All of the above
ANSWER: (a) Flow control
51) Which among the following can be adopted as a dedicated path between the source and destination in
circuit switching?
a. Physical Wire
b. Radio Link
c. Co-axial Cable
d. All of the above
52) The transfer of user messages from node to another by means of store and forward switching network
is known as _______
a. jitter
b. scaling
c. hop
d. entity
ANSWER: (c) hop
53) Consider the statements given below. Which among them represents the operational step executed in
datagram Packet Switched Network?
a. Fixed Path is assigned between nodes from source to destination

b. First Come First Serviced basis is applicable
c. Necessity of an identifier for a connection between source host & destination host
d. Transmission of short messages of one or two packet length
ANSWER: (d) Transmission of short messages of one or two packet lengths
54) In Protocol Data Units (PDUs), where do/does the data get/s interchanged?
a. Between peer entities

b. Between entities of neighboring layers
c. Between ‘N’ & ‘N+1’ layers
d. All of the above
ANSWER: (a) Between peer entities
55) Which type of framing technique/s reduce/s the problem of synchronization of the receiver?
a. Character Count
b. Character Stuffing
c. Bit Stuffing
d. All of the above
ANSWER: (b) Character Stuffing
56) If more number of cells are necessary in the frequency reuse distance, then the segmentation &
dualization techniques get ________
a. united
b. divided
c. restricted
d. filtered
ANSWER: (a) united
57) Which hand-off stage deals with the relinquishment of unnecessary frequency channels by keeping the
availability for other mobile users?
a. Initialization
b. Resource Reservation
c. Call Execution
d. Call Completion
ANSWER: (d) Call Completion
58) Which among the following represents the flawless hand-off with no perceivable interruption of
service?
a. Hard hand-off
b. Soft hand-off
c. Intracell hand-off
d. Intercell hand-off
ANSWER: (b) Soft hand-off
59) In cellular telephone network, which component controls the switching between public wireline
telephone network and the base station of cells for supporting the different calls between landline to
mobile, mobile to landline and mobile to mobile calls?
a. Electronic Switching Center (ESC)

b. A Cell Controller
c. Radio Transmitter & Receiver
d. A common communication protocol
ANSWER: (a) Electronic Switching Center (ESC)
60) In Electronic Switching Centre (ESC), the transmission rate of X.25 protocol is ____9.6 Kbps.
a. Less than
b. Equal to
c. Greater than
ANSWER: (c) Greater than

1. A local telephone network is an example of a _______ network.
a) Packet switched
b) Circuit switched
c) Bit switched
d) Line switched
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Circuit switching is connection oriented switching technique, whereas in the case of packet
switching, it is connectionless. Circuit switching is implemented in the Physical layer, whereas packet
switching is implemented in the Network layer. Internet too is based on the concept of circuit switching.
2. Most packet switches use this principle ____________
a) Stop and wait
b) Store and forward
c) Store and wait
d) Stop and forward
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The packet switch will not transmit the first bit to outbound link until it receives the entire
packet. If the entire packet is not received and the time-out period expires, the packet switch will inform the
sender to resend the part of packet or the entire packet based on the algorithm being used.
3. If there are N routers from source to destination, the total end to end delay in sending packet P(L->
number of bits in the packet R-> transmission rate) is equal to ______________
a) N
b) (N*L)/R
c) (2N*L)/R
d) L/R
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The equation to find the end to end delay when no. of bits, transmission rate and no. of routers
is given by (N*L)/R. The total end to end delay, that is, nodal delay is the sum of all, the processing delay,
queuing delay, transmission delay and propagation delay.
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4. What are the Methods to move data through a network of links and switches?
a) Packet switching and Line switching
b) Circuit switching and Line switching
c) Line switching and bit switching
d) Packet switching and Circuit switching
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Packet switching and Circuit switching are two different types of switching methods used to
connect the multiple communicating devices with one another. Packet switching is used in conventional LAN
systems and circuit switching is used in telephonic systems.
5. The required resources for communication between end systems are reserved for the duration of the
session between end systems in ________ method.
a) Packet switching
b) Circuit switching
c) Line switching
d) Frequency switching
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In circuit switching, a physical path between the sender and receiver is established. This path is
maintained until the connection is needed. Circuit switching is implemented in the Physical layer and is used
in telephonic systems.
6. As the resources are reserved between two communicating end systems in circuit switching, ___________
is achieved.
a) authentication
b) guaranteed constant rate
c) reliability
d) store and forward
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Circuit switching is connection oriented and is always implemented in the physical layer. Once
a path is set, all transmission occurs through the same path. It is used since the early times in telephonic
systems.
7. In _________ systems, resources are allocated on demand.
a) packet switching
b) circuit switching
c) line switching
d) frequency switching
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In packet switching, the bits are received in out of order and need to be assembled at the
receiver end, whereas in the case of Circuit switching, all the bits are received in order. All transmissions
may not occur through the same path in case of packet switching.
8. Which of the following is not an application layer service?
a) Network virtual terminal
b) File transfer, access, and management
c) Mail service
d) Error control
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Application layer is the topmost layer in the OSI model. Network virtual terminal, mail service,
file transfer, access and management are all services of the application layer. It uses protocols like HTTP,
FTP, and DNS etc. to provide these services.
1. For two stage network the switching elements for M inlets with r blocks and N outlets with s blocks is
given by
(A) Ms + Nr
(B) Mr + Ns
(C) (M + N) (r + s)
(D) (M + N)rs
Ans: (A)
2. As per Nyquist criterion the sampling rate is
(A) 2fs
(B) (1/2)fs
(C) (1/2fs)
(D) (2/fs) Where fs is the signal frequency
Ans: (A)
3. Common channel signalling in SS7 is
(A) out band control channel.
(B) in band control channel.
(C) speech control channel.
(D) none of the above.
Ans: (B)
4. Broad Band ISDN handles data rate of about (A) 64 kbps
(B) 100 mbps
(C) 5.4 mbps
(D) 2.048 mbps
Ans: (A)
5. MAC address helps in
(A) multimedia access control.
(B) media access control.
(C) mobile access control.
(D) master access point control
Ans: (B)
6. Telex is a
(A) Telephone Service between various subscribers
(B) Tele printer Service between various subscribers
(C) Television Service between various subscribers
(D) Telegraph Service between various subscribers
Ans: (B)
7. The bandwidth requirement of a telephone channel is
(A) 3 KHz
(B) 15 KHz
(C) 5 KHz
(D) 25 KHz
Ans: (A)
8. Distortion caused on telephone line by an adjacent one is called
(A) Cross Fire
(B) Inductive Disturbance
(C) Cross Talk
(D) None of these
Ans: (C)
9. Erlang is used to
(A) Measure busy period
(B) Give total busy period in minutes
(C) Measure average call rate
(D) Indicate total call period
Ans: (A)
10. The grade of service is measured in
(A) Percentage
(B) Number
(C) Fractional Number
(D) Logarithmic Number
Ans: (C)
11. Network with point-to-point link is known as
(A) Fully Connected Network
(B) Half Connected Network
(C) Duplex Connected Network
(D) None of these Ans: (A)
1). The switching systems are categorized into ____________

OneTwoThreeFour
2). The switching methods are of ____________
OneTwoThreeFour
3). The blocking cannot occur in ______ switching
CircuitPacketBoth a and bNone of the above
4). The telecommunication network consists of ________
SwitchingTransmissionStationsAll of the above
5). What is the standard form of PSTN?
Public Switched Telecommunication NetworkPublic Switched Telecommunication
NetworkPublic Switched Telecommunication NetworkNone of the above
6). The electromechanical switching systems categorized into ____________
OneTwoThreeFour
7). The automatic switching systems categorized into ____________
OneTwoThreeFour
8). The PSTN consists of ___________ network
LocalJunctionToll or trunkAll of the above
9). What are the elements of a telecommunication network?
Transmission systemSwitching systemSignaling systemAll of the above
10). What is the standard form of PDN?
Private Data NetworkPublic Data NetworkPrivate Service Data NetworkNone of the
above
11). __________ are the components of private branch exchange
Common control, switching matrixTrunks, terminalsBoth a and bNone of the above
12). The electronic switching system categorized into ____________
OneTwoThreeFour
13). The time switching systems are categorized into ________
OneTwoThreeFour
14). What is the standard form of SPC?
Stored Program ControlSimple Program ControlSwitching Program ControlNone of
the above
15). What are the advantages of stored program control?
Easy to controlEasy to maintainFlexibleAll of the above
16). __________ are the transmission systems
RadioCoaxial cableOpticalAll of the above
17). _______ are the routing methods
Right through routingComputer-controlled routingOwn exchange routingAll of the
above
18). __________ are the basic functional elements of stored program control
switching systems
Switching matrixCall store, program storeCentral processorAll of the above
19). The digital switching systems are categorized into ________
OneTwoThreeFour
20). The call processing system basic functions are _________
Call identification and call routing, call statusPath setup between subscribersBilling,
digital translationAll of the above
21). What is the standard form of SVC?
Switched Virtual CircuitSimple Virtual CircuitSwitched Virtual ControlNone of the
above
22). What is the standard form of PVC?
Permanent Virtual CircuitPacket Virtual CircuitPrivate Virtual CircuitNone of the
above
23). What is the standard form of ISDN?
Internet Services Digital NetworkIntegrated Services Digital NetworkInternet Digital
NetworkNone of the above
24). The switching system provides __________ signaling
Subscriber loopInterexchangeBoth a and bNone of the above
25). The switchboards are of __________
OneTwoThreeFour
26). How many types of selectors are there in the stowger system?
OneTwoThreeFour
27). The ratio of switching capacity divided by the theoretical maximum load is
known as ________
Traffic handling capabilitySwitching capacityEquipment utilization factorNone of the
above
28). The ratio of switching capacity divided by cost per subscriber line is
known as _____________
Traffic handling capabilitySwitching capacityEquipment utilization factorCost capacity
index
29). The switching system application software divided into ______ classes
OneTwoThreeFour
30). Due to _______, the optical power loss occurs in the fiber optic system
Connector loss, splice lossFiber attenuationSource to fiber coupling lossesAll of the
above
31). The fiber attenuation caused by __________
AbsorptionScatteringRadiationAll of the above
32). The ratio of the reflected signal divided in incident signal is known as
____________
Reflection coefficientIncident coefficientCost capacity indexNone of the above
33). __________ are the main aspects in a local area network
Medium of transmissionTopologyAccess methodAll of the above
34). The routing strategies are divided into ________
OneTwoThreeFour
35). The bandwidth of telephone is between _____________
300-3400Hz30-3400Hz3-3400Hz300-340Hz
36). The bandwidth of music is between _____________
500-3400Hz50Hz-16KHz6-3400Hz200-340Hz
37). The bandwidth of facsimile is _____________
40KHz50Hz-16KHz6-3400Hz200-340Hz
38). The ratio of uptime divided by SVM of uptime and downtime is known as
__________
AvailabilityIncident coefficientDeflection coefficientNone of the above
39). The bit rate of personal communication is __________
300 to 9600 bits/sec30 to 9600 bits/sec500 to 9600 bits/sec900 to 9600 bits/sec
40). The bit rate of personal communication is __________
2400 to 9600 bits/sec300 to 9600 bits/sec500 to 9600 bits/sec900 to 9600 bits/sec
41). ________ are the important features of TST switches
Low blocking probabilityStage independenceBoth a and bNone of the above
42). What is the standard form of ESS?
Electrical Switching SystemElectronic Switching SystemEmbedded Switching
SystemNone of the above
43). The electronic switching system consists of __________
Programming capabilityMemoryAn external rapid switching componentAll of the
above
44). The bit rate of the digital voice phone call is ______
24 to 96 bits/sec30 to 96 bits/sec50 to 96 bits/sec6400 bits/sec
45). The bit rate of the digital audio is ______
24 to 96 bits/sec30 to 96 bits/sec50 to 96 bits/sec1 to 2M bits/sec
46). What is the standard form of DSS?
Digital Switching SystemData Switching SystemDigital Subscriber SystemNone of
the above
47). What is the standard form of DSSS?
Digital Switching SystemData Switching SystemDigital Subscriber Switching
SystemNone of the above
48). The ratio of blocked busy hour calls divided by offered busy hour calls is
known as _____________
Grade of serviceIncident coefficientDeflection coefficientNone of the above
49). How many ways are there to create a virtual private network connection?
OneTwoThreeFour
50). What is the standard form of IPsec?
Internet Protocol SystemInternet Protocol SecurityInternet Protocol ServiceNone of
the above
51). The bit rate of compressed video is ____________
2 to 10M bits/sec12 to 10M bits/sec1 to 10M bits/sec
52). The bit rate of document imaging is ____________
10 to 100M bits/sec12 to 10M bits/sec1 to 10M bits/sec9 to 10M bits/sec
53). ________ network protocols used within virtual private network tunnels
IPsecPPTPL2TPAll of the above
54). The advantages of outband signaling are ____________
SimpleCheapCostlyBoth a and b
55). The voice frequency signaling are of ___________
OneTwoThreeFour
56). The in-channel signaling categorized into _______
OneTwoThreeFour
57). The networks are of __________
OneTwoThreeFour
58). The bit rate of the full-motion video is _______
10 to 100M bits/sec12 to 10M bits/sec1 to 2G bits/sec9 to 10M bits/sec
59). ____________ are the models of loss systems
Lost calls heldLost calls returnedLost calls clearedAll of the above
60). The transmission of data is continuous in ________ switching
CircuitDatagram packetVirtual circuit packetNone of the above
61). The call setup required in _______ switching
62). In message switching the information type is _______
BaudotMorseASCIIAll of the above
63). In packet switching the information type is _______
BaudotMorseASCIIBianary
64). ________ switching is suitable for bulk data transfer
65). The charge in circuit switching is based on _______
DataTimeDistanceNone of the above
66). The charge in packet switching is based on _______
DataTimeDistanceBoth b and c
67). The end terminal in message switching is ___________
TeletypeTelegraphBoth a and bNone of the above
68). The end terminal in circuit switching is ___________
ModemTelephoneBoth a and bNone of the above
69). The end terminal in packet switching is ___________
ModemTelephoneComputerNone of the above
70). In-circuit switching the congestion occurs _________
At setup timeOn every packetBoth a and bNone of the above
71). In which switching each packet follows the same route?
72). The bandwidth is fixed in ________ switching
73). In _________ switching the quality of service is difficult
74). The resource reservation is difficult in __________ switching
75). In-circuit switching ________ switches are used
Space divisionTime divisionBoth a and bNone of the above
76). An electromechanical switching system, ________ switches are operated
electrically
MechanicalElectricalBoth a and bNone of the above
77). For switching purposes ___________ are used in electronic switching
systems
DiodesICsTransistorsAll of the above
78). The switching systems are categorized into _________
OneTwoThreeFour
79). How many types of selectors are there in the strowger switching system?
OneTwoThreeFour
80). What is the standard form of DTMF?
Dual Tone Multi-FrequencyDual Time Multi-FrequencyDirect Tone Multi-
FrequencyNone of the above
81). The numbering plans are of ___________
OneTwoThreeFour
82). The out channel signaling is categorized into __________
OneTwoThreeFour
83). How many nodes does common channel signaling consist of?
OneTwoThreeFour
84). What is the standard form of STP?
Switching Transfer ProtocolSignaling Transfer PointsSignaling Transfer
ProtocolNone of the above
85). What is the standard form of SP?
Switching ProtocolSignaling PointsSignaling ProtocolNone of the above
86). The ISDN supports ________
Database accessAudio and video conferencingElectronic fund transferAll of the
above
87). The ISDN is categorized into ___________
OneTwoThreeFour
88). What is the standard form of BRI?
Bit Rate InterfaceBasic Rate InterfaceBasic Rate InternetNone of the above
89). What is the standard form of PRI?
Permanent Rate InterfacePrimary Rate InterfacePrivacy Rate InternetNone of the
above
90). What are the advantages of ISDN?
Chances for errors is lessConnection is fasterHigher bandwidthAll of the above
91). The signal may be a function of ____________
Time, temperaturePosition, pressureDistanceAll of the above
92). How many types of channels are there?
OneTwoThreeFour
93). _______ are the examples of wired channels
Twisted pairCoaxialAll of the above
94). _______ are the examples of the wireless channel
AM musicFM musicTV broadcastAll of the above
95). The bandwidth of speech is around _______
1000Hz2000Hz3100Hz4000Hz
96). The typical spectrum of human speech is of _________
300Hz to 3400Hz100Hz to 3400Hz200Hz to 3400Hz23000Hz to 3400Hz
97). _____________ are the desirable characteristics of the communication
system
Fast, accurate, secureScalableRoutable/switchableAll of the above
98). ________ are the examples of telecommunication
Telephone systemMobile cellular systemMicrowave radio systemsAll of the above
99). The communication is of __________ types
OneTwoThreeFour
100). Which one is a type of telecom network?
PSTNEnterprise networksBoth a and bNone of the above
1. ATM and frame relay are ________
a) virtual circuit networks
b) datagram networks
c) virtual private networks
d) virtual public networks
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: ATM and frame relay are transmission modes in which information is transferred through
electric circuit layer as packets. ATM has fixed packet size and frame relay has variable packet size.
2. ATM uses _______________
a) asynchronous frequency division multiplexing
b) asynchronous time division multiplexing
c) asynchronous space division multiplexing
d) asynchronous amplitude division multiplexing
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: ATM uses a constant data stream consisting of transmission cells to transmit information in a
fixed division of time. The packet size remains fixed.
3. ATM standard defines _______ layers.
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
View Answer
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4. ATM can be used for ________

a) local area network
b) wide area network
c) campus area network
d) networks covering any range
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: ATM is a connection oriented network for cell relay which can be implemented for networks
covering any area. It uses Time Division Multiplexing and supports voice, video and data communications.
5. An ATM cell has the payload field of __________
a) 32 bytes
b) 48 bytes
c) 64 bytes
d) 128 bytes
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: An ATM field contains a header and a payload. The header is of 5 bytes and the payload is of 48
bytes. The size of the header remains fixed.
6. Frame relay has error detection at the ______
a) physical layer
b) data link layer
c) network layer
d) transport layer
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The Frame Relay header contains an 8-bit Header Error Control field (HEC). The HEC field
contains an 8-bit CRC which is used for error control.
7. Virtual circuit identifier in frame relay is called ______
a) data link connection identifier
b) frame relay identifier
c) cell relay identifier
d) circuit connection identifier
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The Data Link Connection Identifier is 10-bit virtual circuit identifier. It is used to assign frames
to the specified Permanent Virtual Circuits or Switched Virtual Circuits.
8. Frame relay has _______
a) only physical layer
b) only data link layer
c) only network layer
d) both physical and data link layer
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The physical layer is guided by the protocols recognized by the ANSI. The data link layer
supports the simplified core functions specified by the OSI model.
9. In frame relay networks, extended address is used _______
a) to increase the range of data link connection identifiers
b) for error detection
c) for encryption
d) for error recovery
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Extended address is indicated by the last bit of every address byte in the DLCI. It specifies
whether the byte is the last in the addressing field. It is used to increase the range of data link connection
identifiers.
10. What is FRAD in frame relay network?
a) FRAD assembles and disassembles the frames coming from other protocols
b) FRAD is used for modulation and demodulation
c) FRAD is used for error detection
d) FRAD is used for error recovery
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: FRAD stands for Frame Relay Assembler/Disassembler. It converts packets into frames that can
be transmitted over Frame Relay Networks. It operates at the physical layer.
1. A piece of icon or image on a web page associated with another webpage is called ______
a) url
b) hyperlink
c) plugin
d) extension
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: URLs are locators for resources present on the World Wide Web. A plugin provides extra
functionality to the webpage. An extension provides modification allowance for the core functionality of a
webpage. Hyperlink is piece of icon or image on a web page associated with another webpage.
2. Dynamic web page ______
a) is same every time whenever it displays
b) generates on demand by a program or a request from browser
c) both is same every time whenever it displays and generates on demand by a program or a request from
browser
d) is different always in a predefined order
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A dynamic web page provides different content every time the user opens it based on some
events like new additions or time of the day. Languages such as JavaScript are used to respond to client-side
events while languages such as PHP as used to respond to server-side events.
3. What is a web browser?
a) a program that can display a web page
b) a program used to view html documents
c) it enables user to access the resources of internet
d) all of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: A web browser is an application program that is used to access the World Wide Web resources,
applications and websites. Some examples of web browsers are Google Chrome, Internet Explorer and
Safari.
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4. Common gateway interface is used to _______
a) generate executable files from web content by web server
b) generate web pages
c) stream videos
d) download media files
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: CGI is an interface through servers can run execute console-based executable files on a web
server that generates dynamic web pages. A CGI script executes only when a request is made. The script
then generates HTML.
5. URL stands for ________
a) unique reference label
b) uniform reference label
c) uniform resource locator
d) unique resource locator
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The Uniform Resource Locator is a locator for the resource to be located by HTTP on the World
Wide Web. The URL is derived from the Uniform Resource Identifier.
6. A web cookie is a small piece of data that is _______
a) sent from a website and stored in user’s web browser while a user is browsing a website
b) sent from user and stored in the server while a user is browsing a website
c) sent from root server to all servers
d) sent from the root server to other root servers
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: A web cookie is a small piece of data sent from a website and stored in user’s web browser
while a user is browsing the website and is used to remember stateful information about the user’s
operations on the website. This can help the website provide a better browsing experience to the user.
7. Which one of the following is not used to generate dynamic web pages?
a) PHP
b) ASP.NET
c) JSP
d) CSS
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: CSS alone cannot be used to generate dynamic web pages as it does not provide many event
handling functions. It can be used along with JavaScript to generate dynamic web pages which are visually
compelling.
8. An alternative to JavaScript on windows platform is _______
a) VBScript
b) ASP.NET
c) JSP
d) PHP
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: VBScript is a general-purpose, lightweight and active scripting language which can be used on
Microsoft Visual Basic. It was first released in 1996.
9. What is document object model (DOM)?
a) convention for representing and interacting with objects in html documents
b) application programming interface
c) hierarchy of objects in ASP.NET
d) scripting language
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: DOM is a hierarchical model i.e. a tree used to represent an HTML or XML document. Every
node of the tree an object that represents a part of the document.
10. AJAX stands for _______
a) asynchronous javascript and xml
b) advanced JSP and xml
c) asynchronous JSP and xml
d) advanced javascript and xml
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: AJAX is a group of technologies that works on the client-side to create asynchronous web
applications. It is used to modify only a part of a webpage and not the whole webpage whenever some
event occurs.

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1)

ANSWER: Flow control

ANSWER: Centralized Connection Control

ANSWER: Plesiochronous Network

14) What is /are the purpose/s of pulse stuffing in an asynchronous multiplexing?

ANSWER: All of the above

15) Phase jitter is generated by an additive noise on a __________sinusoidal wave.

ANSWER: Inchannel Signaling

ANSWER: Status Signals

ANSWER: Lost Calls Cleared (LCC)

ANSWER: By overload condition

ANSWER: 57.6 sec

ANSWER: Local battery exchange

ANSWER: All of the above

ANSWER: Circuit Switching

ANSWER: stored in a queue & retransmitted

ANSWER: Transit call

ANSWER: Cell Sectoring

ANSWER: Near-far effect

ANSWER: Adjacent-channel Interference

ANSWER: Omni-directional antennas

ANSWER: All of the above

36) Which among the following utilizes the transmission line upto 85 - 95 %?

ANSWER: Voice Traffic

ANSWER: 6000 bps

39) Which among the following is/are supported by LAN?

ANSWER: Central Limit Theorem

ANSWER: Low Pass Filter

ANSWER: Homogeneous Grading

ANSWER: Call congestion

53) How is the relation between Erlang and CCS specified?

ANSWER: 1 Erlang = 36 CCS

ANSWER: Call Completion Rate (CCR)

56) In folded type of network, ____

ANSWER: output lines are folded back to input lines

ANSWER: Both a and b

ANSWER: Space Switching

ANSWER: Both a and b

2. A local telephone network comes in, which of the following network?

4. ______ switching is used in the Internet.

11. A switched network consists of a series interlinked nodes known as ______.

12. A crossbar switch is which of the folllowing type of switch?

17. By Nyquist criterion the sampling rate is _____.

3. Crosspoints requires by a crossbar switch with x inputs and y outputs requires

4. In which switch, blocking is not a problem

6. The time slot interchange uses ________ multiplexing to achieve switching.

7. The ________ of a TSI holds the incoming input data.

8. Processing delay is the disadvantage of

9. The advantage of space division switching is that it

11. Full form of DCS is

14.In multistage switch, there is usually ________ path between x and y is

1. Traffic Capacity is calculated as

4. Telephone Traffic is measured in ______.

5. Erlang is used to _______.

6. Traffic Handling Capacity is calculated as

7. Traffic Intensity can be measured in ______.

8. Full form of CCR.

9. CCR is defined as _____.

10. Full form of BHCA.

15. 1 E = ____ CCS

20. Grade of service (GOS) is defined as__________.

21. GOS is called _________.