University of San Jose - Recoletos

Department of Social Sciences & Philosophy

GE-Rizal Course: Life and Works of Jose Rizal

DISCOURSE ANALYSIS WORKSHOP

‘La Liga Filipina’
Name: ____________Xyza R. Jabili__ Course & Year: _______BSA 2____ _____ ID No: ____2019009096________

Instructions: Complete this workshop individually using the template provided. Submit your output within the week. Submit via the Online Learning Platform

I. ESSAY
- Write an essay of no less than 10 sentences, attach it here to the Rubric
o Total Score = 66 points
o Format
 justified
 short size
 Times New Roman 12
 1.5 spacing
- Key Question:
o The Filipino identity shifted from an exclusive place of birth distinction among Spaniards to one referring to all the inhabitants of the Philippines, why and how did this
change occurred? (66pts)
II. GRADING RUBRICS
- For Essay

-
 Prior to the arrival of Magellan in the Philippines, the locals or inhabitants were not
known or called as "Filipinos" and that changed during the Spanish occupation. Before 1880s,
"Filipino" referred to the individuals who are pure blooded Spanish born in the Philippines. The
natives inhabiting the country were called as "indios". Years have gone, and eventually a
hierarchy of social class were made, and the "indios" were the lowest level in the class society.
The most elevated level in the heirarchy were the "peninsular or peninsulares" who are pure
blooded Spanish born in Spain. Mixed races were called "mestizos" who has a blended Spanish
and local parentage. The Philippine-born Spaniards or peninsulares mistook as whether they
were representing the entire Philippines or simply the Spaniards living in the county. Such thing
was a disaster to them when Cadiz Constitution was formed which was enjoyed by the Spaniards
in Spain causing racial discrimination of the Philippine-born Spaniards and Indios back in the
Philippines. Since then, they were feared by the Spanish authorities when the Indios became
educated, formed an alliance against the Spaniards. When a series of injustices and oppression
occurred including the execution of Gomburza, it fueled the nationalism of the Indios.
Subsequently, the indios embraced their identity as "Filipinos". Also, Rizal wrote a letter to a
friend and one of phrases mentioned is "... we call ourselves basically Filipinos". After the
execution of Rizal, many uprising and revolution had happened to fight for the rights and
freedom of the Filipinos.