Weaving:-

After getting the sized weaver’s beam at first that beam is being received by the
weaving unit. Then firstly drawing-in or Knotting is done following the pattern
made by R&D section. After completing the drawing-in then denting is done. Finally
according to the design weaving of the fabric starts. For weaving the required weft
yarn is being supplied by store(in case of grey fabric) or by the yarn dyeing
unit(in case of yarn dyed fabric). In STG there are two types of loom available.
One is Rapier & the other I Air Jet loom. So in both type of loom it is possible to
produce the fabric. In this way after few days we get the required amount of fabric
in grey condition from weaving unit.
•Processing & Finishing:-

Processing actually stands for wet processing of the grey fabric that makes the
fabric suitable for use. Processing of the grey fabric involves the steps like
singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing, dyeing (in case of demand of
coloured fabric) or printing (in case of demand of printed fabric) & finally
finishing.

Singeing of grey cloth or yarn is performed to remove all protruding fibers

imparting external appearance of ready articles and impeding further treatment.
Almost all fabrics are singed except for those that are subjected to napping, pile
fabrics, gauze and terry fabrics.

Desizing is the process by which sizing material is removed from the surface of the
fabric. These sizing materials are starch, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxy methyl
cellulose, polyamides, poly-acrylates etc.

The example of using singeing and desizing or singeing/desizing is as follows:

• All cotton color fabric (singeing and desizing)

• All cotton color peach finish (desizing only)
• Yarn dyed fabric and PC/CVC fabric (singeing and desizing)
• PC/CVC/yarn dyed peach finish fabric (desizing only)

The main purpose of scouring textile material is to remove natural as well as added
impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possible and leave
the material in a highly absorptive condition without undergoing chemical or
physical damage significantly and also to make the goods suitable for removing the
natural coloring matter of the cotton during the subsequent bleaching process.
In the bleaching process the colored material is destroyed and thus to confer a
pure white appearance to the fabric. Bleaching should also decolorize or remove any
residual impurities left by scouring.

Mercerizing is the process that increases the tensile strength, dimensional

stability & luster of the fabric that initiates to further increase in the dye
affinity of fibre.

The dyeing of textiles is usually understood to mean giving them a color, which is
of comparative performance. This implies it should not be possible to wash the
color out easily in laundering, nor should it fade rapidly when exposed to light.
The condition of performance distinguishes dyeing from tinting (When the material
is given a color which is very easily removed with a detergent and water). Yarns
are tinted occasionally so that different counts and quantities can be identified
during weaving or knitting or any operation, which precedes dyeing.

Printing can be considered as a technique of localized dyeing where in the coloring

material is applied only to restricted areas. The main objective in textile
printing is the production of attractive designs with well defined boundaries made
by the artistic arrangement of a motif or motifs in one or more colors.

Bleached dyed and printed fabrics are subjected to certain processes known as
finishing processes in order to alter their appearance, feel and sale value before
sending them to the market for sale. Depending to the end use of the materials,
various finishing processes are carried out. These may be mechanical or chemical
processes and effects produced may be temporary, semi permanent or permanent. They
may involve mechanical deposition or chemical reaction with the fabric substance or
both.

So, we can see that each & every steps of processing are equally important for grey
goods to be a finished product that can be used by people. In case of grey goods
that will be solid dyed further, must be subjected to all the processes described
above. In case of yarn dyed grey fabric the processes that have to be followed are
singeing & desizing, washing & finally finishing in the stenter machine & in the
sanforise machine.

In this way we can complete the processing of the fabric within few hours.