7

Technology and
Livelihood Education
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING
Quarter 1-Module 2 - Part 1
PERFORMING COMPUTER
OPERATIONS

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or
universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department
of Education – Region X at region10@deped.govph

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Performing Computer Operations

What I Need to Know - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1

What I Know - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2
What’s In - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
What’s New - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
Lesson 1: The Computer System - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - 3
What is It - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4
Computer and Its Types - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5
How the Computer Works - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14
Common Computer Applications used in Performing Computer Related Duties 15
What’s More - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 17-18
What I Have Learned - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 19
What I Can Do - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20-21
Assessment - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22-23
Additional Activities - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24
Answer Key - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 25-26
References - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27
 What I Need to Know

This module covers the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed
to perform computer operations which include inputting, accessing, producing,
and transferring data using the appropriate hardware and software.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Input data into computer (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Id-e-5)
2. Access information using computer (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ie-f-6)
3. Produce output/data using computer system (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-If-7)
4. Use basic functions of a www-browser to locate information
(TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ig-h-8)

1
 What I Know

Pre-test

Before starting with this module, let us measure what you already know
about Performing Computer Operations. Follow and answer the activity below.

Instructions: Read the statements carefully then write TRUE if the statement is
correct and write FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answer in your
TLE CSS Activity notebook.
_______1. Computers are changing our lives.
_______2. In this digital world, having the knowledge and skills in
computer servicing is the start and most fundamental
of all.
_______3. A computer is a mechanical machine that processes
information.
_______4. The computer system is a collection of entities like
hardware, software and electricity.
_______5. Hardware refers to the physical and tangible computer
equipment.
_______6. Output device accepts data and instructions from the
user.
_______7. Microphone is one of the output devices of the
computer.
_______8. A projector is an input device.
_______9. The system unit is the main part of a desktop
computer.
_______10. CPU is an acronym for Central Processing Unit.
_______11. A storage device stores data and programs.
_______12. Software refers to the collection of electronic
instructions that tells the computer what to do.

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 _______13. Search engine is a program that enable the users to
search for documents or information on the World
Wide Web.
_______14. Use the Anti-Virus to eliminate the virus.
_______15. Make sure the pins are misaligned when connecting
a cable connector.

If your score is

11-15 Very Good! You may still read the module but you are
already knowledgeable with the topics that we are to
discuss.

6-10 Good! Go over the items that you find difficult and then you
may proceed to the lessons in this module that you don’t
understand.

0-5 Don’t worry about your score. This module is designed for
you to understand all about Performing Computer
Operation. So, what are you waiting for? Start your journey.
Turn to the next page.

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 Lesson
The Computer System
1
What’s In

In the previous lesson, you have learned the different hand tools and
their uses. Do you think learning about them is helpful? Keep on track because
the next lesson will show you more interesting and helpful things which you
could use in the modern world.

What’s New

Activity 1. Word Codes

Computers are found in many places. Find out what these places are by
decoding the words below. Do this by writing the letter of the alphabet that
comes after each given letter. Use A as the letter after Z. Write your answer on
your TLE CSS activity notebook.
1. khaqzqx library
______________
2. rgno ______________
3. neehbd ______________
4. rsnqd ______________
5. ezbsnqx ______________
6. gnld ______________
7. azmj ______________
8. kzanqzsnqx ______________
9. rbgnnk ______________
10. ntsdq rozbd ______________

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 What is It

Computers in a Changing World

Many scientific and technological advances mark the beginning of the
twentieth century. These advances include inventions such as airplane,
television, and most especially the computer. Computers are changing our
lives, they are sweeping away the old ways of doing things with their superb
speed and reliability.
As many of today’s basic functions are being simplified by technology,
computers have been on the forefront in developing innovations through its
many functions.
In this digital world, having the knowledge and skills in computer
servicing is the start and most fundamental of all.

Years ago… Today…

www.google.com www.google.com

We use calculator to compute. It We use computers to solve billions of

takes some time to solve huge math problems.
amount of numbers.

www.google.com www.google.com
We use landline telephone to call our We use mobile phones to call anyone
friend. anywhere.

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 www.google.com www.google.com

We send our mails through post We send messages through the

office. It takes several days to computer. It takes only a few seconds
received. before they are received.

www.google.com www.google.com
We go to the library to look for We search information on the
information in books. internet.

I. Computer and Its Types

A computer is an electronic machine that processes and stores

information. It takes in raw information using input devices, stores in the
memory until it is ready to be processed in the processing unit and sends out
results using output devices.

www.google.com

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 Computers are classified into four (4) different types based on its
processing power and size:

THE TYPES OF COMPUTERS

1. Supercomputer is the fastest and most powerful computer in terms of
performance and data processing. It uses its power to run one program at
a time.
Used in:
 Research and exploration
 Weather forecasting
www.google.com
 Nuclear weapon testing
2. Mainframe computer is not as powerful as the supercomputer. It is
designed to run multiple programs concurrently. It is commonly used in:
 Banks
 Educational Institution
 Insurance companies www.google.com
3. Minicomputer, also known as “Midrange” computer fill the space between
the mainframe and microcomputer. It is smaller than Supercomputer or
Mainframe computer but bigger and more powerful than the microcomputer.
They are generally used as mid-range servers.
Some of its uses are as:
 Data Management device
 Communications Portal
 Process Control www.google.com

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4. Microcomputer is the most widely used computer – desktop, laptops,
tablets, and smartphones. It is the cheapest among the different classes of
computers. This computer is design for general usage such as
entertainment, education and work purposes.

Basic Parts of a Computer System

www.google.com

II. The Elements of Computer System

A computer system is a collection of entities that are designed to
receive, process, manage, and present information in a meaningful
format. It has 3 elements that will make a computer really useful.

Elements of a Computer System

Hardware Software Peopleware

1. Hardware refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and

devices which provides support for major functions such as input,
process, output and storage.

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 Components of Computer
Hardware
Input Output
Device Device

Process Storage
Device Device

A. INPUT DEVICES are composed of a device that accepts data and

instructions from the user or from another computer system.

Keyboard Mouse Scanner Microphone

www.google.com
A.1. Keyboard
A computer keyboard is an input device used to enter characters
and functions into the computer system by pressing buttons, or keys. It is
the primary device used to enter text.

A.2. Mouse
The mouse is another input device used to point and select objects on
the computer monitor. Using the mouse and keyboard in combination
allows the computer user substantial latitude in how to accomplish a wide
variety of tasks.

A.3. Scanner
A scanner is use to capture a source document and converts printed
data or images into an electronic data format that a computer can store or
process as required.

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A.4. Microphone
Microphone is used to input sound that is then stored in a digital form. It
is used for various applications such as adding sound to a multimedia
presentation or for mixing music

B. OUTPUT DEVICE is any piece of computer hardware that displays results

after the computer has processed the input data that has been entered.

Monitor Printer Speaker Projector

www.google.com

B.1. Monitor
A monitor is an electronic visual computer display that includes a screen,
circuitry, and the case in which that circuitry is enclosed.

B.2. Printer
The printer is a device use to print texts and pictures.

B.3. Speaker
A computer speaker is an output hardware device that produces sound.

B.4. Projector
A projector is an output device that projects an image onto a large surface,
such as a white screen or wall.

C. PROCESS DEVICE is the computer’s circuitry in the system unit. It plays

an important role in processing operations. It is used to process data, using
instructions from the program.

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C.1. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board – is the main circuit board of
a computer. It contains all the circuits and components that run the
computer.

C.2. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main “brain” or
“heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the instructions and
calculations that are needed and manages the flow of information through
a computer.

C.3. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it holds data
only when the power is on. When the power is off, RAM's contents are
lost.
C.4. Video Card/GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) - also called a display card,
graphics card, display adapter, or graphics adapter is an
expansion card which generates a feed of output images to
a display device (such as a computer monitor).

SYSTEM UNIT
The system unit, also known as a "tower" or "chassis," is the main part
of a desktop computer. It encloses the motherboard, CPU, RAM, video card,
and other internal components.

www.google.com
Other Internal Components of the System Unit
a. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the PC case,
next to the motherboard. It converts 220/110vac (standard house power)
into DC voltages that are used by other components in the PC.
b. Heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) - is a
passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an
electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid

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 coolant, where it is dissipated away from the device, thereby allowing
regulation of the device's temperature.
c. Optical Drive - An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to
read data on the optical media. There are three types of optical drives:
Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).
D. STORAGE DEVICE stores data and programs. These hold data,
information, and programs permanently.

d.1 Magnetic Storage d.2 Optical Storage d.3 Flash Memory

Blu-ray Solid Staate Drive

Hard Disk Drive

CD Memory Card

Floppy Disk
DVD USB Flash Drive

D.1. Magnetic Storage

D.1.1. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - also known as hard drive, is a magnetic
storage device that is installed inside the computer. The hard drive
is used as permanent storage for data.

www.google.com

D.1.2. Floppy Disk - is a removable data storage magnetic medium that

housed in a rigid plastic cartridge measuring 3.5 inches square and
about 2millimeters thick. Also called a "3.5-inch diskette," it can
store up to 1.44 megabytes (MB) of data.

D.2. Optical Storage www.google.com

D.2.1. BD (Blu-ray Disc) – is simply called as Blu-Ray, a digital optical disc
data storage format. It was designed to supersede the DVD format,
and is capable of storing several hours of video in high definition.

www.google.com

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 D.2.2. CD (Compact Disc) - also called optical disc is a nonmagnetic,
polished metal disk used to store digital information. The disc is read
by the CD- ROM.
www.google.com

D.2.3. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) - an optical disc technology with a 4.7
gigabyte storage capacity on a single-sided, one-layered disk,
which is enough for a 133-minute movie.

www.google.com
D.3. Flash Memory
D.3.1. Solid State Drive – is a storage medium that uses non-volatile
memory.

www.google.com

D.3.2. Memory Card – is a solid-state electronic flash memory data storage

device used with digital cameras, handheld and tablet/mobile
computers and other electronics

www.google.com
D.3.3. USB flash drive - is a plug-and-play portable storage device that
uses flash memory and is lightweight enough to attach to a key
chain. A USB drive can be used in place of a floppy disk, Zip drive
disk, or CD.

www.google.com

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2. Software – this term refers to the collection of electronic instructions that tells
the computer what to do. It is a computer program that is installed in your
computer. The diagram below shows the classification of software.

Software

System Application
Software Software

Operating Utility
System Programs
Kinds of Computer Software

A. System Software coordinates the activities and functions of hardware and

software. It controls the operations of computer hardware and provides an
environment or platform for all the other types of software to work in. It is the
most basic type of software in any computer system, which is essential for
other programs, applications and the whole computer system to function.

A.1. Operating System – is the program that, after being initially loaded into
computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer.
Examples– Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Ubuntu

www.google.com
A.2. Utility Programs – are small, powerful programs with a limited capability,
they are usually operated by the user to maintain a smooth running of the
computer system.

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 B. Application Software is a computer program that performs a specific task.
(Application software examples – MS Office, OpenOffice, Media Players,
MS Access, educational software, media development software, Antivirus
software, etc.)

www.google.com
3. Peopleware – the most important element of a
computer system is its users. The following types of people interact with a
computer system:
a. System Analysts - are people who design the operation and processing
of the system
b. System Programmers – are people who write codes and programs to
implement the working of the system.
c. System Operators – are people who operate the system and use it for
different purposes. Also called the end users like students, teachers, and
other professionals.

III. HOW THE COMPUTER WORKS?

Data are raw facts about things, events, or activities that are captured,
recorded, and stored on the computer. These can be in the form of words,
numbers, or pictures.

Data become information when these have been arranged or

organized to be of use and to have meaning to the user.

INPUT – in this step, data are entered into the computer through input
devices, such as keyboard and mouse.
PROCESS – is the computer’s method of analyzing, managing, or
manipulating data. The data entered into the computer undergo
changes. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) directs the operation
of the input and output devices to create the needed information.
OUTPUT – You get the output once the computer is finished processing the
data. It could be displayed on the monitor, printed on paper, or
heard through speakers.

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STORAGE – The processed data are kept for future use. We use Hard Disk
Drive to store the information.

www.google.com
IV. Common Computer Applications Used in Performing Computer
Related Duties

1. Microsoft Office Application – is a package application developed by

Microsoft and is intended to be used in offices and schools.
a. MS Word – A word processing application used for creating
documents such as letters, brochures, activity programs, and
learning activities.

www.google.com
b. MS Excel – is a spreadsheet program ideal for entering, calculating,
and analyzing numeric data such as sales figures, sales taxes, and
students’ grades.

www.google.com
c. MS PowerPoint – is a presentation tool that uses graphical approach
to presentation in the form of slides. Its primary function is to help a
presenter deliver its presentation effectively.

www.google.com
2. Photo Editing Software – is commonly used in editing and enhancing
photos that would give you an excellent output.

www.google.com

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 3. Video Editing Software – is used to edit movies or video clips.

www.google.com
4. Web Browsers – is an application used to access information on the
World Wide Web. Web browsers interpret and display HTML web pages,
applications, JavaScript, and other content hosted on web servers in the
form of text, pictures, audio, and video.

www.google.com
Search Engine is a program that enables the users to search for documents
or information on the World Wide Web.

How to search information on the World Wide Web?

1. Click a browser that you want to use – Chrome, Firefox or Edge
2. Type the search engine that you want to use in the web browser’s URL
(Uniform Resource Locator) and press the Enter key.

Address bar Bookmark

Search tab

*To bookmark a page, just click the star icon on the right side of the
browser.
3. Use the search tab or the address bar of your search engine to find
information on the web.
When searching for an information on the web, the results are categorized
– All, Images, Videos, Maps, News, More,

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 www.google.com

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 What’s More

Activity 3: Name Game

Directions: Name the following computer hardware & software. Write your
answer on your TLE CSS activity notebook.

1. ______________________

2. ______________________

3. ______________________

4. ______________________

5. ______________________

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 What’s More

Activity 4: Classification
Directions: Classify the following devices. Write ID for input device, PD for
process device, OD for output device and SD for storage device.
Write your answer on your TLE CSS activity notebook.
___________ 1. Mouse
___________ 2. Printer
___________ 3. Monitor
___________ 4. USB Flash Drive
___________ 5. Speaker
___________ 6. Hard Disk Drive
___________ 7. Keyboard
___________ 8. SSD
___________ 9. Scanner
___________ 10. GPU

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the missing word/s to complete the sentence.

1. A _____________ is an electronic machine that processes

information. It takes in raw information using ______ devices,
stores in the memory until it is ready to be processed in the
processing unit and sends out results using _________ devices.
2. A ________________________ is a collection of entities that
are designed to receive, process, manage and present
information in a meaningful format. It has three elements:
_________________, ___________________, and
________________.
3. A computer _________________ refers to the physical, tangible
computer equipment and devices which provides support for
major functions such as _________, process, _________, and
storage.
4. Keyboard, mouse, scanner, and microphone are _______
devices.
5. Monitor, printer, speaker, and projector are __________
devices.
6. Motherboard, CPU, RAM, and GPU are ____________ devices.
7. Computer ________________ device store data and programs.
8. A computer ____________ refers to the collection of electronic
instructions that tells the computer what to do.
9. A ____________ browser is an application used to access
information on the World Wide Web.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 5: Identifying Software

Directions: Identify all the computer software that you need for the following
entrepreneurial activities. Refer your answer from the items in the
box below. Write your answers in your TLE CSS Activity notebook.

Microsoft Office 2013/2016/365 Adobe Premiere/Sony Vegas

Microsoft Edge Chrome / Firefox AutoCAD (Computer Aided Design)
Kaspersky / Norton / McAfee Solid Works (3D Designing)
Amazon, eBay (Online Stores) Python, C++ (Coding Software)
Adobe Photoshop / GIMP

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
Computer Dealer • 4.

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
Wedding • 4.
Videography and • 5.
Photography Shop
• 6.

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
Engineering and
Construction Firm • 5.
• 6.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 6: Search Me
Directions: In this activity, you will apply your Internet browsing and Internet search
skills. Complete the following activities and write your answers in your TLE
CSS Activity Notebook.
1. Select a search engine and search for information on uses of the
Internet. Use at least three different keywords to search for the
information. Bookmark one Web page that you think is relevant.
Keywords used:

URLS for the first three results on the search page:

URLS bookmarked by you with your reason for bookmarking

the Web site

2. Go to http://www.xe.com/ and find the exchange rate of 1 US

Dollar ($) in peso.
Exchange rate for 1 $ = _______________
3. Go to www.wikipedia.com and find an article on a prominent
person who was in the news recently.
Name of the Person: ______________________________
Wikipedia Link: ___________________________________

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 Assessment

Test I. TRUE or FALSE

Instructions: Read the statements carefully then write TRUE if the statement is
correct and write FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answer in your
TLE CSS Activity notebook.

_______1. In this digital world, having the knowledge and skills in

computer servicing is the start and most fundamental of
all.
_______2. The computer system is a collection of entities like
hardware, software and electricity.
_______3. The system unit is the main part of a desktop
computer.
_______4. Software refers to the collection of electronic
instructions that tells the computer what to do.

________5. Make sure the pins are misaligned when connecting a

cable connector.

Test II. Multiple Choice

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.
6. The numbers, letters, and symbols that you enter into the
computer are called _____________.
A. Data C. Facts
B. Knowledge D. Information
7. The computer takes data and works on them. This is called
_________
A. Input C. Processing
B. Output D. Storage

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8. The part of the computer that processes data is the
_______________
A. Mouse C. Printer
B. Keyboard D. CPU
9. When the computer finished processing data. You get
_____________
A. Input C. Data
B. Output D. Numbers
10. Information produced by the computer can be stored on
____________
A. Hard Disk C. Mouse
B. Monitor D. Keyboard
11. ___________ is an electronic machine that processes
information.
A. Computer C. Video Card
B. Motherboard D. Peopleware
12. ____________ is the main circuitry board of the computer.
A. Keyboard C. Power Supply
B. Motherboard D. System Fan
13. ____________ is the brain of the computer.
A. CPU C. HDD
B. RAM D. FDD
14. ___________ is the primary storage of the computer.
A. RAM C. HDD
B. CPU D. SSD
15. An application use to access information on the World Wide
Web.
A. MS Word C. Web Browser
B. Windows Defender D. Search Engine

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 Additional Activities
Activity 6. Finger Keyboarding Assignment
Directions: Draw a diagram of proper hand position using a keyboard and label
each finger with the keys assigned. Draw on your TLE CSS activity
notebook.

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